Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
for example
Human insulin (used to treat Type 1 diabetes)
Human blood clotting factors (used to treat haemophilia).
Vector : carry genes into organisms.
Example:
Human insulin and a
Cholera vaccine.
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Example:
Human antithrombin (used to treat people with a blood clotting disorder) has been
produced from genetically modified goats.
Benefits:
1- Agricultural crops can give higher yields or are more nutritious. This reduce the
risk of famine and malnutrition.
2- Pest resistance, so that fewer pesticides are needed this
Reduces costs ,making food cheaper.
Reduces environmental problems associated with using pesticides.
3- Enzymes used in industry can be produced from GMOS in large quantities for
less money, which reduces costs.
4- Some disorders can now be treated with human proteins from GMOS instead of
with animal proteins. Human proteins are safer and more effective.
For example,
Type 1 diabetes treated with cow insulin but some people are allergic to it.
Human insulin, produced from genetically modified bacteria, is more effective
and doesn't cause allergy in humans.
5- Vaccines produced in plant tissues don't need to be refrigerated so vaccines are
available in areas where refrigeration isn't available.
6- Producing drugs using GM plants and animals would be very cheap because they
can be reproduced using conventional farming methods. This could make some
drugs affordable for more people, especially those in poor countries.
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Risks:
1) Transmission of genetic material.
For example,
If herbicide-resistant crops interbreed with wild plants it could create
'superweeds' weeds that are resistant to herbicides,
If drug crops interbreed with other crops people might end up eating
drugs they don't need (which could be harmful).
2) Long-term impacts of using GMOs (unforeseen consequences).
3) Some people think it's wrong to genetically modify animals purely for human
benefit.
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