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msis Ou lD;shls' uqo,g lsKSu imqrd ;yk
lu mdl
wf,h iòyd fkdf
kd Whk wdrKH fiakdikfha whOu iajdka

jykafia we;=`M wdrKHjdiS NsCIqka jykafia,dg;a fuu
Ou odkuh l=i,h wkqfudaoka W;= jq ksjka u. fy,s
lr .ekSug fya;= fjd'
wgjk uqKhg mqfrda.dj Ydik ria;sh m;ka msgm;a 2000la

uqKh lsug odhl jq u> udKjl l,HdK ;% ixiofha ish`M
idudlhka yd m;Hd.YS,s msig;a Ou .%ka:h g fmr uqK
odhl;ajh rE ish`M fokdg;a .%ka:h uqKh lrk uq;=
uqK,fhys ish`M ldh uKav,hg;a fuu Ou odkuh l=i,h
ksjdKdjfndaOh msKsi WmksY%h im;la fjd hhs m;uq'
lu mdl
mQcH h.u iqOudNsjxY ys
uqKh
imdol
uq;= ms%kagia
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ljr ksudKh
jika; mS fywdr
kej; uqKfhka jpkhla

zz in odkx Ou odkx kd;s ZZ
ish`: odk j,g jvd Ou odkh W;= f'
lu mdl keu;s oy mqia:lh uq,skau lrjQfha mQcH
h.u iqOudNsjxY jk uy i`.rejkhs' ;uka fjkqfjka o,ajd
.;a myka isis, mqyqka ieye;shka fjkqfjka lreKd fmr j
ffu;S% mQjdx.u fu;a is;e;sj ueoy;a Ndjfhka hq;=j lu mdl
keu;s oy mqia;lfhka yh y;r okakd msila f,iska iir .uk
ilid .ekSug u`. fmkajQ Tn jykafiag wmf.a f.!rjkSh
kuialdr mQjl ia;+;sh fjjd'
inq iiqk nnq`:jd,ka fujka YdikSh fufyjrl
fhfok Tnjykafiag;a ye jevQ foudmshkag;a .=rejrekag;a wd
fldg.;a iqj;aj jdih lrk fyda hf.dia we;s ieuf.au iir
lska w;ug m%d:kSh fndah iM, lr .ekSug ;shqKq Ou
odkuh msk ,efjdhs m%d:kd lrkafkuq'
fuu fmd; myrKh lsfuka wm ,enQ YslaIKh ;=<ska
kej; fuu fmd; fmd;a mkaoyila muK uqKh fldg fkdf,a
fnod odhl;ajh imhk wmieug;a h.sh umsh .=rejre
wdkag;a iqj;aj we;s msig;a iir m%d:kSh fndah iM,
lr.ekSug fuu Ou odkuh mqKH Yla;sh WmksY%h fjdhs hkak
wmf.a ieye;s mska is;s,a,hs'
fuu fmd; n,k ieug iir l y`kdf.k myka is,la
;uka fjkqfjka o,ajd .ks;ajd'
'
w; .=K uk.a>x mq[a[ fL;a;x ckdkx
u, mq, nqoax idkqhd;dkq.x;x
;smsgl mh;aa;S fPAl inqoaO mq;a;x
is je,suv f:arx Ouoiaisx kud
zz is;ska is;d , l< fkdyels iS,d wk> .=K
loNhla we;a;d jQo Pk iuQyhdf.a wkq;a;r mqKH
fCIA;%hla jQ nq mfia nq uyry;ka jykafia,d wkqj
hkakd jQ o ;s%msglh mhma;s Oufhys olaI jQ inq
c
rcdKka
jykafiaf.a mQQcd Ndjhg meKshd jQ ta je,suv YS%
OuoiaiS uyd f:armdohka jykafiag uu kuialdr lr'
udf.a kuialdrh fjd'ZZ
zzlu mdlZZ imdol

mQcH h.u iqOudNsjxY ys'
]
msu
zzin odkx Ou odkx cskd;s'ZZ
ish odkj,g jvd Ou odkh W;= f'
mqKHdKqfudAokdj
W;= ksjka iqj ,efuka

iekiSula ,n;ajd
rere jki;=ka .ejiS.;a ksu, uy jk ueo

mrjg ;nd m%;sm;a;sfhys kshef,k"
fm!rdKsl w, .=K ksOdkh
;u ;fhka t,s fmfy,slr ka"
;u wkq.dl .sys me fndfyda fokdg
iq.;s u. oy u." ksjka u. lshdka"
wdoYj;a m%;sm;a;sld .=K .rel
NslaIQ ;hlska fy"
roYS udf.damfoaYl;ajfhka
wmf.a me ;h wf,dalu;a fldg jod<"
udf.a .=re foafjda;a;u" w;s.re mQckSh
ksu,j wdrKH fiakdikdm;Ska jykafia jk
iod jkaokSh
je,suv OuoiaiS udysmdKka jykafiaf.a

W;= Y%S kduhg f l=vd Ou .%ka:h
ne;s l=iqula fldg wmuK
.=re ne;sfhka yd msh fifkyiska
fomd keue| ms<s.kaj'
DDDDDDdddddd
fmrjok
wkaf;hH Ou;d i;rla we;' i;;aj Ih f,dal
Ih - nqoaO Ih yd lu Ih hk i;rhs' ish,a, okakd jQ
ij{iud inqrcdKka jykafia yer wka flfkl= iska
is;d u;d ;SrKd;aulj o; fkdyels neka f Ou;d i;r
wkaf;hH k fjhs'
i;aj f,dalh .ek;a" ixialdr f,dal wjldY f,dalhka
.ek;a" ij{hka jykafif.aa iDoan,h .ek;a luhkaf.a
mdl ;;ajh .ek;a nqoaO foaYkdj ms<s.ekSfuka yer fjk;a
l%uhlska wjfndaO lr.; fkdyels neka wkaf;hHu fj;s'
nqoaOl ksldfha f:ar.d:d - f:a.d:d - wmodk phd
msgl - cd;lmd,s - udkj;a:q fma;j;a:q wd .%ka:hkays
i|yka jQ mqj;aj,ska Odldr lu mdl inkaOj
wjfndaOhla ,nd.; yelsfjhs'
zzuu luh iajlSh fldg we;af;' luh odhdo fldg

we;af;' luh Cod;s nkaOQfldg we;af;' luh ms<sirK
fldg we;af;' l=Y,a jQ fyda wl=Y,a jQ fyda h lsis luhla
lrkafk k thg Wreulre jkafk hs ksr;=re kqjKska
fufkys l< hq;=h'ZZ hkq ta nqoaO jpkfha f;areuhs'
W.;a ixl,amkdjka WfoHda.su;aj iyY%sl uyd
mqKHluhla ksu,j wdrKHfha islsug ixOdk l<
mQcH h.u iqOudNsjxi wdhqIau;=ka jykafia iska tu
mqKH luh ks;af;kao mqfKHda;aijh ks;af;ka o mskaj;a
' f'w,yfldaka ue;sksh m%Odk i;amqreI msif.a
odhl;ajfhka m<uqjr uqKh lrjd mskeuqkq f oy
fmdf;ka WodyrK ksoiqka /ila iys;j lu mdl
inkaOj fndfyda lreKq wjfndaO lr.; yelsf'
wNsKay mpfjlaLK iQ;%fhys lafjk miajeks

m%;HfCIdjo luh.ek l<hq;= fhdaksfida ukisldrhhs'
iem la fokd jka fijke,a,lafia ;ud wkqju miqmi
.uka lrk tlu foh k l=Y,dl=Y, luhhs' tneka u
is;a;=, yg.kakd jQ wl=Y, f;kdjka r,ka l=Y,
f;kdjkau Wmojd .ekSug ksr;=re W;aidy or' ta udf.a
W;aidyh ish Nj.d luhka is|,k ry;a u kqjK
i|ydh' ta ms K s i uu ieyej;a iS , imka k
Ndjkdkqfhda.sfhla fjZZ' hkq luh .ek l<hq;= jk
fhdaksfida ukisldrfha ir, f;areuh'
buy;a Y%oaOdfjka kqjKska f oy fmd; imdokh

l< mQcH h.u iqOudNsjxi wdhqIau;=ka jykafiag ;j
;j;a Wodr f,i Ouodkhka imsug ksfrda.S iqj>dhqI
r;ak;%hdkqNdj n,fhka wNsjOkh fjd' fujr Ou odkh
mskuk ' tia' m;srk ue;s;=ud iy tu ue;sksh m%Odk
i;amqreI ieug o fuh lshjk Nd; lrk ieug o Ou
{dK uqkam;a fof,dj chf.k me;+ fndahlska Ydka;s
,laIK ksjdK Od;=j idlaId;a fjd'
zzluiaaifldays luodhdfoda lufhdaks lu nkaOQ

lu mirfKda hxlux liaid l,HdKx jd mdmlx jd
;iai odhdfoda Niaid;s wNsKayx mpfjla;nxZZ
kdWhfka whOu ia:r

kdWhfka wdrkH fiakdikh
zzif i;a;d Njka;= iq;;a;dZZ

fuhg fu;e;s"
mkaish.u
jpkhla
wm inqoO
a idikfhys uyd mske;s f;acjka; uyd ry;ka
jykafia kula jev ishy' Wkajykafia kka W;a;r k jQy' f
W;a;r uy ry;ka jykafia g l,am ;siaodylg fmr lrk ,o
msxlul wdksixi n,fhka ixidl ; iqjm;a h' l,am ;siaoyilg
fmr iqfO kka nqrcdKka jykafia kula f,dj my, jQy' Wka
jykafia fl iqjfhka .ila uq, jevisk wjia:df tla;rd ;reK
<ufhla , ;snQ .ilska lsKsy
s hd u,a ;=kla lvdf.k fndfydau
f.!rjfhka Nla;sfhka fodfyd;a uqfka ;nd nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a
Y%S mdo uQ,fha ;nd mQcd lf<ah' zzf mQcduh msk Tn jykafia h
Ouhla wjfndaO lf<ao@' tu Ouh ug o wjfndaO lr .ekSug
,efjdhs m%d:kd lf<ah'
tod mgka f nqiiqk olajd ld,h jI .Kkska fkdj l,am
.Kkska ;siaoyila h' f ld,h ;=< u,a mQcd lsf mqKH n,fhka
i;r wmdlska w;afkah' fo ksiqka w;r ,nkakg ;sfnk il,
im;a ,nk ,' >dhqI" kSfrda.s nj" oYkSh ;" mjdr im;a
we;s ; Wiia l=, im;a" uyd Ok im;a" jH ud,s.d" mske;s ore
im;a" uyd m%{djka; ;" ufyaidlH uydkqNdj imkak ;"
,enQ w;r m pl%j;s rcl jrla o" ila;s moh jrla o" ,nk ,'
tfiau rg rgj,a md,kh lrk rcl weue;sl ,enQ jdr .Kka
iSudjla fkdue;'
fu;r wkqiia rdYshla W;a;r uyry;ka jykafia iir
,enqf u,a ;=klamQcd lsf wdksixifhks' wjidkfha W;a;r
l=urejd f nq iiqfka me isms<si
s hd CodK" wNsCoaCod" ;%
s oHd
,nd W;= wy;aNjhg m;a jQ fial' wry;ajh olajdu tu msxlu W;a;r
uy ry;ka jykafiag fya;= WmksYh
% h'
,nd.ekSug Wmldr f' ksjka iqj m;d lrkq ,nk msxlu ;=<
;Kayd udk wd flf,ia fkdue;' msis is;ska lrkq ,nk
l=i,luh ;%sfya;=l f' ;%sfya;=l msxlulska ;uhs idxidl ;
fm< jdikdjka; jkafka'
mQcH h.u iqOudNsjxY iajdka jykafia iska ilialrk
,o zzlu mdlZZ kue;s .%ka:h b;d jkd ldf,da; iEu fokdf.a
;a; m%idoh msKsi fya;=jk Ksrejkls' Yd, mY%uhla ord oy
fmd;am;a n,d tys wka;.; lreKq fufia tla;ekafldg t<slaug
,eu Tn wm ieuf.a f,dl= jdikdjls' msxl islsfuka ,efnk
wkqiia |la fuys i|yka f' msxlulska ,efnk wkqiia ,shd ksul<
fkdyel' fuys i|yka foa fydka lshjd ;u ;udg l< yels msxl
lsug wgka lr.; hq;=h'
Y%oaOdfjka f.!rjfhka idikdNsjDh msKsi f Ou .%ka:h
ilia l< mQcH h.u iqOudNsjxY iajdka jykafiag ksfrda.S iqjh
.dis ,en ;j ;j;a Ou {dKh je hqKq fjd hs fu;a is;ska
m;' fuh Tn w;g m;a lrk wkqrdOmqr u>udkjl l<HdK us;%
ixiofha iqcs;a ms%hka;" rks,a chiqrsh" lrekdkdhl hk i;amqreI
msxj;=kaf.a tkka h mrf,dj .sh ish`Mu {d;skag yd iqj;aj
fjfik ish`M foumsh ifydaor keoE ys;j;=kag;a fuu Ou odkuh
msk ksjka iqj msKsiu fy;=fjd' f fmd; lshjk Tn ieug;a Ou
{dKh hqKq ish ixidr lska w;a ,nk uyd ksjka iqj
,n;ajdhs m;'
fuhg ldreKsl"
lyf.d,af,a fidaujxY ys
Y%S .=KjOk fhda.dY%uh
kEu msxlula lrkq ,nk mske;a;ka fyda mske;a;shka iska

b;d f.!rjfhka Y%oaOdfjka luh iy lu M,h Yajdi lrka
ksjka iqjm;d l< hq;=h' thska cks;jk Yla;sh wkka; cd;Skays
wkqiia
.,aj - lyj
yekau
zzlux i;af;a Nc;s hox ySkmamKs;;dhd;SZZ
uyd ldreKsl wirK irK Ydka;s kdhl iud inq
rcdKka jykafia jod< m i;ajhka ySk m%; f,i Wiia
my;af,i fnokq ,nkafka luh isks' luh ms<sn| inq
oyf foaYs; Ou mdG fndfyda we;;a fuys ud W;aidy .;af;a
ir< niska l:d mqj;a wkqidrfhka lu mdl meye,s lsugh'
lrk ,o lufha mdlfhka .e,ug yels ldka;djla fyda
mqreIfhla fyda ukqIHfhla fyda wukqIHfhla fyda fofhla fyda
udrfhla fyda n%yaufhla fyda f ;=ka f,dalfhau ke;' ukqf,dj
isg wlksgd nUf,dj olajd f ilaj, mqrd wn weg msrjqfha kuq ta
wn weg .Kkg jvd Yajfha ;j;a i;ajhka jdih lrk ilaj,j,a
we;snj Oufha i|yka f' kuq;a lu mdlfhka fug yels
mqoa.,fhl= k f Yaj f,dal Od;=j ;=<u ke;'
fuu Ou .%ka:fha luh ms<sn| ia;r iaj,am kuq lu
mdl ms<sn| fndfyda ia;r .efldg olajd we;' uq,skau luh
hkak meye,s fldg miqj fuys l=i, lu mdl olajk ,' l=i,
lu mdl k l=i,dksixYfhdah' ta hgf;a l=i,Ou yeglg
wdikak m%udKhla o l=i, mdl fyj;a wdksixY 354 la o olajk
,' f ;=<ska ud i;amqreI Tng lSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha meyek
is;ska kqjK fhdod ;ekam;a ukiska lrk ,o l=vd kuq msxlu
uy;a iem mdl f.k fok njh' tfiau fujeks mskal lrk
i;amqreIhkaf.a is;a j,g kj jhla ,ndug wfmalaId lf<uq' th
tfiau isoaO fjd!
f .%ka:fhys fojkqj fmkajd we;af;a wre mdl ms<sn|
f' wre mdl k wl=i, luhka fya;=fjka f.k fok la
mdl f' ta hgf;a wg uy ksrhg hEug isjk lu yd bka f.k
fok la mdl olajd" ksrcq gq Tiqm;a ksrhka 15 la tys

hEug isjkfya;= iys;j olajk ,' bla;s ixf. okjk iq jQ
wirK fma%; fm%a;shkaf.a l:d lsysmhla tys bmug fya;= jQ lu
iys;j olajk,'
ksia f,dj mdl fok ,o mQj lu 56 la olajk ,oafoa
wmdh la fkd ms<s.kakd fudayfhka uq<d meg,s isk
wirKhkag ukqf,dka lreKq fmkaugh' .%ka:fha fojk
fldgi jQ zzwre mdlZZ ms<sn|j l< f > ia;rfhka ud
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha" Is; is;ska lrk ,o b;d l=vd mdmh kuq
uy;a la mdl f.k fok nj lSug f' tfiau w wr
fya;=fjka mdmhkays we,S jdih lrk ksiqka yg ixf.h my<
iqu.g fhduqfjd hk ffu;%S is;sks'
ka cks; l=Y, Yla;sh udf.a WmdOHka jykafia jk w;s.re
mQckSh rdclSh mKa; lvjeoaf Y%S kdjxYdNsOdk
iajdmdfoda;a;uhka jykafiag Y; jIdl ld,hla ksla ksfrda.S
>dhqI Y%S im;a msKsi;a u;= W;= f,d;=rd nqnj msKsi;a fjd'
tfiau wm yg wjjdo wkqYdikd ,ndfoka Y;dl oy .eg
m%udKhla i|d foka wmf.a Ou kh kqu Tmj;al< f fmd;
i|yd w.kd fmrjokla o imhd ka w;s.re mQckSh iod jkaokSh
;%smsgldpdh luia:dkdpdh kdWhfka whOu udysmdKka
jykafiag o ksla ksfrda.S iqj msKsi yd u;= W;= f,d;=rd nqnj
msKsiu fjd'
tfiau ud me fldg jod< udf.a .=re foafjda;a;u w;s
mQckSh je,suv OuoiaiS udysmdKka jykafiag o" fuhg ,smshla
ilid ka udf.a wNsOudpdhH_ mQckSh lyf.d,af,a fidaujxi
iajdka jykafiag o" Ou kh lshdka ishu .=re W;=uka
jykafia,dg o" h mrf,dj .sh udf.a foudmsh fom,g o" ksjka
iqj msKsiu fjd" f i|yd iyh ka .re ;siaiuyrdufh
iS,oiaik iajdka jykafiag o" fuh msgm;a lrka jk ks,Od
fkaIa bfIK uy;dg o fidam;a n,dka Ou rfldaka uy;dg
o ksjka iqj msKsiu fjd'
ka cks; l=Y, Yla;sh fuu Ou .%ka:h m<uqjr uqKh

i|yd nr mek fh mskaj;a ' f'w,yfldaka ue;sKsh m%Odk
i;amqreI ieug o" fuh fojkjro uqKh lr ka mskaj;a B' ta' t'
w,aia ue;s;=ud m%Odk ieug o" wud uy ksjka iqj msKsiu fjd'
fujr msis is;ska Ou .%ka:h uqKh fldg fkdf<a fnod fok
'tia' m;sr;ak ue;s;=ud iy mskaj;a ue;sKsh we;= fuhg Wmldr
l< ieugo ta mjq,aj, ieufokdgu ksla ksfrda.s iqj wNsjOkh
fjd! ishu f,!lsl f,daflda;a;r iuHla m%d:kdfjda uqkam;a
fjd! ta ieuf.ka kka h mrf,dj .sh ishu foudmsh .=re
W;=ukag o" ish {d;Skag o j;aj isk ieug o" fjkia fkdjk
mru iem; jQ iodld,sl iekiqu jQ Ydka; ksjka iqj msKsiu fjd!
fuh ukdj l%uj;aj uqKh lr ka uq;= uqKd,fhys
uqKd,hdm;s ;=ud m%Odk ldh uKav,hg o" fi;la iekiqula u
fjd' nq msyska f W;= Ou odkuh msk islrk Tn ieuf.a o"
is;a i;ka ksfjd" ixisf|ajd" Ydka;fjd" wiS; nq.=K n,fhka
iqjm;a jq is;a we;af;da fj;ajd! iEu fokdf.au ; ;=<g f;rejka
msysg fkdwvqj ,efjd! ish fokdf.au hym;a m%d:kd uqkam;a
fj;ajd' f wm ieuf.a ish W;aidyfhda iud inqoaO idYkfha
r meje;au msKsiu fj;ajd hs" yDohdx.uj u m%d:kd lruq'
fuhg fu;e;s
h.u iqOudNsjxY ys
ksu,j wdrKH fiakdikh
lskao - ;siaiuydrduh
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mgqk
luh hkq
mdl fok wjia:d 04 l=i, mdl
idkaoDIal odk mdl 04
i;amqreI odk mdl 05
Okh yd msjr ,efnk fkd,efnk l%u 04
u,a mQcdf wdksixi 12 iu l:d 04 la
myka mQcdf wdksixi 03 iu l:d 04 la
iqj| mQcdf wdksixi 10 iu l:d 02 la
iqj| meka biSf mdl 09 la iu l:d 02 la
OuY%jKdksixi l:d 02 la
wdydr msf mdl iu l:d 04 la
blgq mQcdf mdl iy iqodhl ys
jia;% mQcdf wdksixi 10 yd taliai odhl ys
fug msf wdksixi 10 yd taliai odhl ys
iqjKak fndayk ys
P;% odkfha mdl 08 iu l:d 02 la
md;% odkfha mdl 10 yd m;a;odhl ys
,smsyshd msf mdl 07
uyd msyshd msf mdl 05
kshlmk w msf mdl 05
mjka w;= msf mdl 08
fmrykalv msf mdl 05
f;,a ;nd.kakd nka msf mdl 05
ffp;H msis lsf mdl 09 yd myxlr ys
blgq .=,dmsf mdl 03
wx>lv msf mdl 03
bkm msf mdl 06
md;% wdOdr msf mdl 05
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16-28
lu mdl
28' Ndck msf mdl 01 yd Ndck odhl ys

29' ;e msf mdl 03
30' fnfy;a T!IO msf mdl 10 yd
fu;a;.=;a; ys
31' mdjyka msf mdl 03 iu l:d 02 la
32' h msiakd jia;% msf mdl 06
33' ierh msf mdl 06 yd oKavodhl ys
34' fnfy;a wka msf mdl 08
35' h;=re me yd h;=re fldmq msf mdl 03
36' m msf mdl 05
37' fndau wdh weuef mdl 38 iu.Z l:d 02 la
38' fndk mhsmam msf mdl 03
39' uy ie,s yd lr`vq msf wkqiia 10
40' wka k, msf mdl 04
41' l=vd msyshd yd f,d Wrk wvq msf mdl 02
42' kiH lsf WmlrK msf mdl 08
43' mqgq msf mdl 12 iu l:d 03 la
44' fldg msf mdl 06
45' msreis msf mdl
46' mdmqgq msf mdl 02
47' md, ta ovq blsf mdl 08 yd fOda;l ys
48' we .,ajk f;,a msf mdl 05
49' .sf;,a yd mdkh lrk f;,amsf mdl 05
yd imamsodhl ys
50' uqjmsis lrk oE f mdl
51' meKs fkdfhla ri il==re msf mdl 04
52' ij odkfhys mdl 11
53' fomdj, ika .e,af mdl 08 yd f;dafohH ys
54' u,afKq u,ahka wdh msf mdl yd l:d 03 la
16
17
17
55'
56'
57'
58'
59'
18
18
18
19
19
19
19
21
21
21
22
22
22
23
23
24
24
24
24
07'
08'
25
25
25
26
26
09'
10'
11'
13'
14'
01'
02'
03'
04'
05'
06'
01'
02'
03'
04'
05'
06'
l= mQcdf mdl 05 la iu l:d 03 la

Ou odkfha mdl
;sirK iudodkfha jkdlu .ek l:d 02 la
iqN k ;reKhd weiQ m%Yak 14 yd ms<s;=re foiqu
mkais,a /lSf mdl
wre mdl
ksrd la
wg uyd ksrh yd tys hdug isjk lu_
ks rcq gq ksrhka yd tys hEug isjk lu
fm%a; f,dal fod<y
fm%a; jia;= mif<dila
uiqre Ou mfyys wre mdl
ksia f,dj mdl ka mQj lu
nqcq;a;rdj odishla ug fya;=
nqcq;a;rdj l= ug fya;=
pq,a,mka:l ysg isuilskao
.d:djla mdv fkdug fya;=
plaLqmd, yshkaf.a fofk;a wkaOug fya;=j
idr rcqf.a ll=,a m,d Kq ug fya;=
li, f.dvlg ouk ,o
wirK ore ;hl fYdaldl+, l:dj
foudmshka iska w;yer .sh orefjla
idudj;sh we;= 500 la
ia;%Ska .sksf.k uefrkak fya;=j
mQ;s.;;siai ysf.a Yrh l=Kq la ug fya;=
fidafrhHl isgqf.a woaN+; luh
imamodh ysg kd.hd oIaG fkdl< fya;=j
kdlhdf.a |g uqyqfoa .s,S uefrkak isjQfha wehs
.sksf.k jqk lmqgdf.a luh
27
27
29
31
32
33
33
33
35
46
47
54
55
56
56
57
57
57
58
58
59
59
59
60
60
lu mdl
15' NslaIQka y;akula .,a f,kl ysr la l:dj
16' ,o im;a mfNda. lsug
jdikdj ke;s wmq;a;l isgq
17' mskg my<jqk Wla.ia ovqj ka l:dj
18' l=i.sks la f,dail ys
19' wjqre 20000 la uyKo msrE ys kd.hl= jQ l:dj
20' orejka ke;s isgqjrfhl=f.a l:djla
21' iqmamnqoaO l=IaG frda.shd
22' fndardc l=udrhdg orejka ke;s fya;=j
23' u,a,sld foah k y;la wmdhg hdug fya;=j
24' frdays l=uhf.a l=IaG frda.hg fya;=j
25' l=Kavodk ys miqmi ldka;djla taug fya;=j
26' lms, u;aiHhdf.a l:dj
27' uydld, Wmdil .= ld uerelEug fya;=j
28' iir mqre bhg hk nj
29' mkia mia jirla wiQ ld j;a jQ ksfila
30' ,l=KaGl Noah ys ug fya;=j
31' uq.,ka ys fidrekaf.ka uere lEug fya;=j
32' iSj,S ys ul=i la luh
33' iqf,dau hlaIhd jQ NslaIqj
34' Lrf,dau hlaIhd jQ Wmdil ;=ud
35' W;a;r iajdka jykafia W, ;eug fya;=j
36' m;audj;S foahg mdl ka luh
37' kSf.%daO yshka iefvd,a .ul wkd:j bmug fya;=j
38' iajK ;s,ldj iefvd,a l=,hl bmug fya;=j
39' le<Ks;siai f;rekaf.a luh
40' wfidal ud,dj iefvd,a l;la ug fya;=j
41' odil ys odishlf.a l=i bmfka wehs
42' wVldish .Ksldjla ug fya;=j
61
61
62
62
63
64
64
64
65
65
66
66
67
67
68
69
70
70
71
71
71
72
73
74
74
75
75
76
43'
44'
45'
46'
47'
hlaIhka jQ ;%smsgldOd NslaIq foku

uqka .| msgjk rEu;sh
iqmamsh ry;ka jykafia my;a l=,hl bmug fya;=j
i;s .=;a; ysf.a Yrh l=Kqug fya;=j
wdkkao iajdka jykafia
fmr cd;shl ldka;djla bmug fya;=j
48' i;aj >d;kfha wdkj
49' cl k odihdf.a mQj luh
50' idu l=uref.a umsh fom,f.a
fofk;a wkaOug fya;=j
51' uyd msKe;s mqKaKdj odishla ug fya;=
52' ffu;%S nqrcqkaf.a
Y%S yia;fhys f.hla taug fya;=j
53' Wmd,s ys lrKjEfhla ug fya;=j
54' wnmd,sh ffjYHdjla ug fya;=j
55' fndfyda iajdmq;%hkag o ysufka f.dia
j;a jQ ksidg o tmd jQ wysxildh
56' wirK iQks;f.a mQj luh
57' fuda>rdc ysf.a uyd l=IaG frda.hg fya;=j
58' wuQ,sl fpdaokd,;a onu,a, mq;a; ys
59' uyje,s .fys lsUqf,l= jQ uyd jdpld, Wmdil ;=ud
60' wdorfha ji;ajhg f.dia kegqlaldrfhl= jQ
W.a.fiak isgq mq;%hd
61' Wmkaodu .fa md lr uQ
lsle <sf|l=f.a wNsudkj;a l:dj
62' wkka;.=K we;s uyd m%{d
iud inqrcdKka jykfiag o mdl ka lu 12
76
77
78
78
79
79
80
80
81
81
82
83
83
84
85
85
86
87
88
91
02
lu mdl
iska fyda .sysfhl= iska fyda meoafol= iska ksrka;rfhka

isysl< hq;= hehs ;:d.; iud inq rcdKka jykafia jodrkakg
fhkdy'
f wkqj wm ne,sh hq;=" wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;="lreKq
lsysmhlaf'
01' luh hkq l=ulao@
02' hym;a whym;a lu fudkjdo@
03' tu lufhda wmg odhdo jkafka flfiao@ lshdh
zzkfuda ;iai N.jf;da wryf;da iudinqoaOiaiZZ

zzluiaifldays lu odhdfoda lu fhdaks lu
nkaOq lu mirfKda hx lux liaid
l,Hdkx jd mdmlx jd ;iai odhdfoda Niaid;s
wNsKayx mpfjla;nx b;ahd jd mqfiak jd
.yfGak jd mnf;ak jd ;sZZ
^Gdk iQ;%h fyj;a wNsKay mp fjlaLk iQ;%h&
wkka; wmudK wiS; wkaf;hH .=Kfhka hqla; jQ
il, f,daldkkao lrjq i;ajys; Odhl jQ lreKd ksOdk jQ uyd
ldreKsl iud inq rcdKka jykafiag wm iuef.au kuialdrh
fjd' mskaj;=ks" f ud;Dld lf<a zzwNskay mpfjlaLkZZ iQ;%fh
tk iQ;% mdGhls' ta ksjka rifhka rij;a j Ou mdGhg wkqj ish
i;ajfhdau luh iajlSh fldg we;af;dah' luh odhdofldg
we;af;dah' luh iem la fokd f.k fok uQ, fya;=j fldg
we;af;dah' tfiau luh {d;sfldg we;af;dah' luh msysg
ms<sirK fldg we;af;dah' bka hym;a fyda whym;a fyda h
luhla lrkafka k Tyq iska ta l<d jQ luhdf.a mdl o Tyqg
u odhdo jkafkah" lshk wd;afudamfoaYd;aul ksjdK Ouh
ldka;djl fyda mqreIfhl=
01' inq oyf luh hkq f;kdj f' ta nj fufia

laf' zzf;kdyx NslaLf lux jodZZ uyfKks" uu f;kdj
luh hehs jodr lshdh' f wkqj is;k f;kdj wkqj is lrk
luh o hym;a fyda whym;a h yelsh' ta wkqj ;%sO mqKH l%shd"
oi l=i, Ou" oi mdr Ou" iu i;,sia luia:dk wd mska
lghq;= hym;a lu .Khgo" miam" oi wl=i,a" wOu fj<od
whym;a lu ixLHdjg o jefgkq ,ef' tfiau hym;a lu
fya;=fjka iemodhl iekiq M,jk hym;a mdl o" whym;a lu
fya;=fjka fofk;a l,ska f;;a lrjk la mdl o f.k fokq
,ef' hym;a lu j,g f.k fok iem mdl wdksixi kka o
olajd we;' whym;a luhkaf.a odhdoh o thuf'
02' l=i, wl=i, lu j,g mdl f.k fok wjia:d y;rla
Oufhys i|ykaf'
01' GOu fokSh
02' Wmmc fokSh
03' wmrdmh fokSh
04' wfydais lu lshdh'
;uka lrk fyd| fyda krl lu j, fldgilg fuf,dj
mdl ,ef' ^tu wjia:df jevl< ;a; ;sfhys m<uq cjkfha
Yla;sfhks& ksoYk f,i mqKak k .shd" xudkldj"
iqmamnqoaO rcq wd wh lah yelsh' fjd GOu fokSh mdl
hehs flfhka o;hq;='
03
tfiau wm lrk l=i, wl=i,lu j,g u;= ;fha

fldgila mdl fokq ,ef' ^tys my< jQ ;a; fhys i;ajk
cjkhdf.a Yla;sfhks& f Wmmc fokSh lu hhs lshkq ,ef'
ksoYk f,i foo;a f;reka wmd.; u" iehq;a uyry;ka
jykafia g myr ka kkao hlaIhdf.a wmd.;u" uy .=Ke;s
Wmam,jKaKd fufyKsh IKh l< kkao udkjlhd wmd.; u"
bkal .shd wkqreoaO uy ry;ka jykafiag tla okayekaola
fof,dj bmu" nK wika is uehd fof,dj bmu wdh
lah yelsh'
wmrdmh fokSh k f ;h o u;= , ;h yerekq
l, f .= iir mdl fok lu f' ^tu wjia:df my< jq
;a; fhys cjka yf;ka ueo cjka my f' tk 2" 3" 4" 5" 6 hk
cjk 05 f& ksoYk f,i plaLqmd, ysf.a fofk;a wkaOu"
uq.,ka uy ry;ka jykafiag fidre myru" wmq;a;l isgqjrhdg
Okh ,eu Wmam,jKaKd ry;a fufyKshg YsIaG rE im;a
,eu lah yelsh'
fuf,dj mdl h hq;= fldgi fuf,dj mdl fokakg
wjia:djla fkd,enqfKd;a u;= mdl fkdfokq ,ef' ta mdl
fldgi wfydais hhs' mrf,dj h hq;= mdl tfia ug wjia:djla
fkdmeKshfyd;a wfydais hhs' Wod( foo;af;r wjqre 36 la
fydka me h .; lr we;' ta wkqj fyd| luhkf.ka fyd|
mdl fldgila u;= fha ,eh hq;=j we;' kuq;a Tyq wmd.; jQ
neka ta fyd| iem mdl ta ia:dkfha fkdh yels neka tu u;=
;hg ,eug ;snQ iem mdl fldgi o wfydais hkq ,ef'
kuq msrE uyKou wmf;a fkdhkafkah' u;= l=i, n,h wmrdmh
fokSh f,i u;= iiair kka mfia nq nj ,nkafka f'
hfula nq mfia nq uyr;ayka hk ;;ajhlg m;a jqjfyd;a ish
lu bka tyd mdl ke;s jkafkah' Wod( wx.=,sud, uy ry;ka
jykafia lah yelsh'
1 l=i, mdl
i;amqreI mskaj;=ks" wm fuys n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka by;
la jQ uQ,iQ;% mdGhu .%y lsug fkdjk w;r"
04
lu mdl
zzl<HdKx jd mdmlx jd ;iai odhdfoda Niaid;sZZ Ou

mdGh ia;r lsug f' ta wkqj"
01' hym;a lu j,g ,efnk hym;a mdl o
02' whym;a luj,g ,efnk whym;a mdl o
fmkajkq ,ef' wm iska uq, hym;a lu fudkjdo lshk
nj meye<s lrkakg fhks' oeka wms ta ta luhkaf.a mdl u
olajkafkuq' hym;a lu w;r uq,skau i|yka lf<a ;%sO mqKH
l%shd Ou f' ;%sO mqKH l%shd Ou k odk iS, Ndjkd f' ta
wkqj wms m<uqju odk mdl olajkafkuq' w(ks' mCoapl ksmd;fhys
iSyfiakdm;s iQ;%fhys'
03' idkaoDIal ^fuf,dju ;ud iska l.; yels odkdksixi
y;rla olajd we;'&
01' odhlf;f fndfyda fokdg m%shukdm flfkla f'
02' odhl;=ud ms<sn|j hym;a lS;s rdjhla me;sf'
03' kEu msila lrd Ydroj t<f Yla;shla ,ef'
04' u; =.S ulg" f;o rys; ulgo m;afkdf'
05' hym;a l,HdK ;% wdY%h ,ef' tfiau odkdksixi iQ;%hg
wkqj .sys Ouhkaf.ka fkdmsyqk flfkla jknj olajd
we;' wLKavj mkais,a wd .=K rlskafkl= hkd:hs'
06' ;jo urKska u;= iq.;s f,dalhl bmug o fuu odkuh msxlu
fya;=jk nj fmkajd we;'
mskaj;=ks" ;jo i;amqreI odk myla we;s w;r tys fYaI
mdl imamqi odk iQ;%hg wkqj fufiah'
04' i;a mqreI odk mdl my
01' Y%oaOdfjka okau fya;=fhka YsIaG rEm im;a ,ef' tneka
Y%oaOdfjkau oka fo;ajd'
02' iliafldg u fya;=fjka lSlre mq;=ka wUq orejka iajd
mq;%hka is oiaika ,ef' ^tneka fok oE iliafldg ug
mqre jkak'&
05
06
lu mdl
03' wd.ka;=l odk" .l odk" NslaI odk wd iqiq l,ays okau

fya;=fjka ;reK jhfia fndfyda iem im;a ,ef'
06' u,a mQcdf wdksixi
04' f,daNhlska f;drj okau fya;=fjka fyd| wdydr mdk" hdk

jdyk" f.a fodr wdh mfNda. lsug is; kefukq we;'
,efnk oE mfNda. lsug is; kefukqfha f,daNfhka f;drj
okau fya;=fjks'
mu ys fmr ;hl muq;a;r nqrcdKKa jykafia

m%uqL uy ix>r;akhg tla mshqula f.k mQcdl< msfkka u,afm;s
.Kkg ila;s rcj bmkdy' y;aish j;djla mD rdcH l<d'
wjidkfha ksjka iqj ,eug ta msk fya;= jQ nj fmkajd we;'
05' ;udo wka who fjfyig m;a fkdfldg Odl jia;=fjka

okau fya;=fhka u;= ,efnk im;a .skafkka c,fhka
fidr i;=rkaf.ka wlSlre okkaf.ka kdY ;udg wys
fkdf' ,efnk im;a iqrlaIs; f lshdh'
05' i;amqreI mskaj;=ks"
;j;a odk y;rl mdl Oufhys fufia i|yka f'
Ôu moGl;d 46 msgqj&
01' ;ukaf.a Okfhka okafok w;r wkHka Bg iyNd.s lr
fkd.kS'ta fya;=fhka ta whg u;= fNda. im;a ,efnk w;r
mjdr im;a fkd,e hhs'
02' ;u Okh ho fkdfldg fndfyda msia tl;= lrf.k ta
whf.a Okfhka okaf fya;=fhka u;= Ok im;a
fkd,efnk w;r msjr im;a ,efnkq we;'
03' ;ud o oka fkdfok w;r fok odkhg o iyNd.S fkdu
fya;=fhka u;= Ok im;a o msjr im;a o hk folu
fkd,ef'
04' ;u Okh fhdod wka whg o Bg iyNd.s lrf.k fok odkh
fya;=fhka u;= Ok im;a msjr im;a o folu ,efnkq we;'
Y%oaOdj wjlrf.k kqjKska hqla;j tl jQ fkdiqrek
is;ska fok mqx fohla jqjo uy;aM, jk nj fmkaug wmodk
md,shg wkqj lreKq fmkajd fo'
^wmodk md,s nq(j(193msg&

;sWmam, ud,sh ys miaiS nqrcqg Wmq,a u,a ;=kla mqod l,am
91 la .;shg fkdhk ,' f msfkka ;=kaish j;djla ilafo rc
bmkdy' mkaish j;djla ila;s rc jqKd' wjidkfha ksjka
lSug o f msk WmksY%h jqkd' n,kak i;amqreIfhks" yek
is;lska mskal lsf w.h'
^wmodk md,sh - 342 wmodkh&
i;a;=mam,ud,l f:rKsh fmr ;hl is nqrcdKka
jykafiag uyfk,a u,a i;la tl is;ska kqjK fhdod ms msfkka
jdr ye;a;E y;la fofojqf,djg wm;s ilafo f.a |
Wmkakdy' ta uf,a mdg yd iqj| wehg yeu hlu ,enqKq w;r
wjidkfha ksjkg o f msk WmksY%h h'
^f:(wmodkh - 8&
;slKsldr mqmah ys iqfO nq rcdKka jykafiag
lsKsyshd u,a ;=kla meyek is;ska kqjK fhdod mQcd l< msfkka
;=kaish j;djla ila;s rc h' mkaish j;djla ilfo ;k;=ro
yeu ;hlu my; i|yka mdl ,eh'
01' uy;a fnda.im;a we;af;l= jqKd'
02' my;a l=,j, fkdbmso Wiia l=,j,u bmKd
03' leu;s leu;s hdk jdyk ,enqKd'
04' fndfyda rEu;a ia;%Ska yd is iaika ,enqKd'
05' fndfyda w.kd jia;%dNdrKhkag ,dNs jqKd'
06' iEu l,ays wka whf.a f.!rjhg md;% jqKd'
07' Wiia lS;shla we;af;la jqKd'
07

08' ieul,ays fndfyda msjr ckhd we;af;la jqKd'
09' ;u msi lsisfjl=g fNao l<fkdyels jqKd'
10' {d;Ska w;r Wiia ^W;=& fY%aIaGfhl= jqKd'
11' YS; WIaKj,ska mSvdjlajqfKa kE
12' ldhsl ody udkisl ody ke;s W;=fula jqKd'
wjidkfha ksjka iqj wjfndaOhg o ta W;= msk WmksY%h jqKd'
^wmodk md,s( 501 jk wmodkh&
07' myka mQcdf ^mdl& wdksixi

w; iajdka jykafia mshqu;=rd nqrcqkag tla f;,a
mykla ms msfkka l,am yegodyla fojqf,dj iem | oyia j;djla
ila fo jqKd' jdr i;aishhla m%foaY rc jqKd' wjidkfha ksjk
lSug o ta l=i,hu WmksY%h jQ nj laf'
^wmodk md,s( 400 jk wmodkh&
mCoapmsld f:rKska jykafia fmr nq iiqkl ljr /hl
fndaka jykafiag myka myla ms msfkka wiQ jdrhla fo f,djg
wm;s ilafof.a | Wmkakdh' oyia .Kka ila;s rc
orejkag w. fufyish jqKdh' wm nqiiqfka i;a wjqre fha
ksjka lSug ta msk WmksY%h we;'
^9 jk f:a wmodkh&
il=,d f:rKsh ldYHm nqrcqka msksfuka miq Wka
jykafiaf.a ffp;Hhg tla /hla tla mykla mqod my; i|yka
wdksixi ,enqKq nj f:a wmodkfha olajd we;af;ah'
01' yeu;eku m%m ,af
02' jeia ,ef'
03' ;SlaIK kqjK ,ef
04' hiiska ,sfia
05' Y%oaOdj yd m%{dj ukdj msysghs
06' Wiia l=, im;a we;af;l= f'
talmsh ys isoaOd: nqrcqkaf.a ;lhg tla mykla mqod
tla;sia jrla ilafo h' is wg j;djla ila;s rc njo ,enqjd'
;j;a fYaI wkqiia folla ,enqjd'
08
lu mdl
07' Iu ia:dk j,g hk g iu fjkakdy
08' kso fmkk fofk;a we;af;la h'
^416 jk f:a wmodkh&
mskaj;=ks" myka iqjdiq oyila iqreKq le<eUqKq is;ska msj;a

f muK wkqiia f.k fkdfok w;r" meyekq is;ska tl is;ska
nqoau;aj tla mykla msj;a uy wkqiia ,efnk nj jgyd.ks;ajd'
08' iqj| mQcdf wdksixi

OQmodhl ys meyekq tl jQ is;ska nqoah fhdod isoaOd:
nqrcqkaf.a .| ls<Sh iqj|j;a l< msfkka l,am 94 la wmdhg
fkdf.dia ksjka lSug tu l=i,h WmksY%h we;'
^wmodk md,s 26 jk wmodkh&
ms<sJjP uy ry;ka jykafiag iqj| ms msfkka wkqiia
oyhla ,enqKq nj olajd we;'
^wmodk md,sh ms<sJjP wmodkh&
01' iqj|j;a isrerla we;af;la f'
02' lS;su;a ;hla ,ef'
03' hiia we;af;la= f'
04' jyd jegfyk kqjK ,ef'
05' ;SlaIK kqjK ,ef'
06' N+ mCoaCo hk kqjK ,ef'
07' ydiq mCoaCod hk kqjK ,ef'
08' .eUqre kqjK we;af;l= f'
09' mq, jQ kqjKla ,ef'
10' cjk m%{dj ,ef'
tneka i;amqreIfhda ;ekam;a is;ska hq;=j l=i, lu
flfr;ajd'
09
09' iqj| meka biSf wkqiia

Mqis; lmsh ys miaiS nqrcdKka jykafia m%Odk uyd
ix>r;akh jk g jkqla u,a gla ;nd .;a iqj| meka lla
f.k biai msfkka fooyia mkaish j;djla ila;s rc h' fooyia
mkaish j;djla fof,dj wm;s ilafo Wmkafkah' tfiau
WmkQmka ;fhys
01' yeu wd;auhlu Mqis; hk ku o
02' ieuod nUhla muK iqj| jeis fmdo jishs
03' ie;mq Nd.hla rg wefka iqj| ysfoa
04' ;u w;g .;a ish,a, iqj|j;a h'
l,am ,laIhla iem | tu ld,h mdr o mqrdf.k ksjka
iqjho wjfndaO lr.;a nj wmodk md,sfhys i|yka f'
.kafOdalSh ysus fmr wd;auhl mshqu;=rd nqrcqka msg ka fndaka
jykafiag uy jIdf kuq iqj| meka l,hla ms msfkka
fof,dj jHdx.kdjka msjrdf.k Wiia udk ,nd ukq f,dj
wdndOfhka f;drj" fYdalfhka f;drj" ,;efuka f;drj" mdr
mqrdf.k ksjkalSug o ta msk WmksY%h h'
10' OuY%jKdksixi
talOu ijkSh ys mshqu;=rd nqiiqfka tla Ou foaYkhla
Y%jKh l< msfkka ;sia tla jdrhla ilafo h' is tla j;djla
i;a;src h'
Ou ijkSh ys fmr ;ekam;a iud .; is;ska kqjK fhdod
wksp iCoaCo mixhqla; tla Ou foaYkhla Y%jKh l< msfkka
01' l,am ;sia fooyila fo iem kafoah
02' mkia tla j;djla jH rdcH ,enqfh'
03' ye;a;E tla jdrhla ila;s rc h
10
lu mdl
wm nq iiqfka ta msk WmksY%h i;aye fhau ry;a nj

,enqfh'
^wmodk 339 jk wmodkh&
tneka ;ekam;a is;lska Ouh Y%jKh lr;ajd
11 wdydr msf wkqiia mdl

fuda>rdc ys fmr w;a:oiaiS nqrcqkag ;ekam;a is;ska kqjK
fhdod o`vqje,a nEhla mQcd l< msfkka ody;r j;djla ilafo
jqKd' mkaish jdrhla i;a;s rc jqKd' wgis j;djla mD rdcH
,enqfh' wjidkfha f msk ksjkg o WmksY%h jqfKah'
wuq;a; ys w;a:oiaiS nqrcdKka jykafia m%Odk uy ix>r;akhg
Wla.ia odkhla ka msfkka l,am tlaodia wgiShla .;s.d fkdjQ
nj wmodk md,sfhys i|yka f'
^wmdok md, 36 jk wmodkh&
lgPqNslaLd odhsld f:rh fmr tla ;hl ;siai
nqrcqkag tla oka yekaola ms msfkka ;siayh jdrhla ila fo f.a
fufyish jQjdh' mkia j;djla ila;s rcqg w.fufyish jQjdh'
^7 fjks f:a wmodkh&
Wmam, odhsld f:rKsh mshqu;=rd nq iufhys tla NslaIqjlg
msKavmd; odkhla yd jia;%hla mqod oyia j;djla ila fof.a
fufyish jQ w;r oyia j;djla ila;s fufyish jQjdh' tfiau
NsCId odkh fya;=fjka t;=hg iir fuu mdlhka ,e
we;a;dy'
^wmodk md,s Wmam, odhsld wmodkh&
01' meyem;a bmfoa
02' YsIaG rEm im;a ,ef
03' l=l flfkla f
04' Wiia l=,j, Wmhs
05' ijdx. imkak fYdaNudk rEm im;a ,ef'
11
ta jf.au wdhqI" jK" iemh" n,h" kqjK" hiia Ndjh hk

wdksixi ,efnk nj Oufhys i|ykafldg we;af;ah'
12' blgq mQcdf mdl

iqodhl ys miaiS nqrcqkag blgq mQcdl< msfkka y;a
jrla ila;s rc h' ^94 jk wmodkh& ms<sJjP wmodkhg wkqj
f mdl ,efnkakdy'
01'
02'
03'
04'
05'
l=l=ia is|,Sf Yla;sh ,ef'

YsIaG rEm im;a ,ef'
fndfyda fNda. im;a ,ef
;SlaIK kqjKla ,ef
.eUqre jQ ishq Ou ldrKd jyd jgyd .ekSf Yla;shla
we;af;la jkafkah'
13' jia;% mQcdf wdksixi

taliai odhl ys meyekq is;ska kqjK fhdod mshqu;=rd
nqrcqkag tlajia;%hla ms msfkka ;siayh j;djla ilafo h' ;sia
;=kaj;djla rcjqfKah' ukqf,dj my; i|yka wkqiia ,e
we;a;dy'
01' rEu;a mqoa.,fhl= h'
02' .=Kjka;fhl= h'
03' i;=rkag fkdueh yels h'
04' fndfyda jia;% ,eh'
05' fndfyda fNda. im;a ,eh'
06' Wvq hka ,eh'
07' rkajkamdg Yrhla ysh'
g wu;rj ms<sJjp wmodkhg wkqj f wdksixi o
,efnkakdy'
08' ,s fkdwef,k iula we;af;l= u
09' ldka;su;a Yrhla ,ef'
10' isks Yrhla ,ef
12
lu mdl
14' fug msf mdl

iqjKaK fndayk ys g fmr fughla msf msfkka
ila;s iem; we;= fndfyda iem ,e we;s nj wmdodk md,sfha 271
jk wmodkfha i|yka fldg we;' fug msf fya;=fjka
ms,sJjP ysg m%Odk wkqiia ihla ,e we;a;dy'
01' iu jQ isrer we;af;la f'
02' .re lrk ,oafola f'
03' uD Yr we;af;la f'
04' ukd l= we;s Yr we;af;la f'
05' {dkh ,ef'
06' mjdr im;a ,ef'
15' P;% odkfha mdl

P;% odhl ys fmr ;hl ;u mq;d mej ry;a j msksh'
iEh l je| iq fr lE,a,la iEhg l=vhla fldg kexjQ msfkka
l,am wkQy;rla iem mdl ,enqK w;r ta msfkka f;jrla ila;s
rc h'
ta; {;a; ys fmr w;a:oiaiS nq ysg iq l=vhla ord is
msfkka l,am ye;a;E y;la iem ,e we;' tfiau tu l=i,
n,fhka ye;a;Ey;a j;djla ila fo jq w;r oyia j;djla ila;s
rc h'
^412 jk wmodkh&
ms<sJjP ysg P;% odkfha wkqiia wgla ,e we;'
01' YS;f,ka mSvd fkd,ef'
02' ;u Yrfhys l=Kq fkdwef,hs
03' Wmj ke;af;la f'
04' yeu l,ays wkHhka iska .re lrk ,oaffola f
05' ishq jQ iula we;af;la f
06' is; msis f
07' W!IaKfhka mSvd fkd,ef
08' fndfyda ;% l=v ,ef'
13
16' md;% odkfha mdl

m;a;odhl ys isoaOd: nq ysg md;%hla mQcd fldg l,am
wkQy;rla .;shlg fkd.sh nj i|yka f'
^246 jk wmodkh&
ms<sJjp ysg md;% ms msfkka wkqiia oyhla ,e we;a;dy
01' fndfyda jkd rka ;e,s ,ef
02' Wmj ke;af;la f
03' wk;=re ke;af;la f
04' wkHhkaf.a f.!rjhg md;% f
05' wdydr mdk" jia;%" ihkdik" myiqfjka ,ef
06' ,efnk im;a wld,fha kdY fkdf
07' iar is;a we;af;la f
08' yeu l,aysu Ouhg leu;s f'
09' flf,ia wvq flfkla f'
10' wdY%j o rys; f'
17' ,s msyshd msf mdl

01' yeu l,aysu Y+rfhla f'
02' ;ekam;a is;a we;af;la f
03' Ydro mqoa.,fhla f
04' ffOh jka;fhla f
05' h jka;fhla f
06' Tijd .kakd ,o is;a we;af;laf
07' ;SlaIK kqjK ,ef
jdisodhl ys g l,am wkQ y;rlg fmr msyshla kamsfkka
l,am wkqy;rla hk ;=reu wmd.; ke;'
^wmodk md,s 240 jk wmodkh
14
lu mdl
18' uy msyshd msf mdl my

01' hym;a is;a we;af;la f
02' h jka;fhla f
03' CIdka;sjd mqoa.,fhla f'
04' ffu;%S kue;s wdhqOh ,ef
05' flf,ia is|,k wkq;a;r jQ kqjK ,ef
^ms<sJjP wmodkhg wkqjh&
19' ksh lmk w msf mdl my

01' fndfyda oeis iaika ,ef
02' .j wYaj im;a ,ef
03' wdrlaIl fufylrejka ,ef
04' flia /jq,a lmkakka ,ef
05' n;a msiskakka ,ef
^ms<sJjP wmodkhg wkqj&
20' mjka w;= msf mdl wg

01' YS;f,ka yd W!IaKfhka mSvd fkd,ef
02' Yr ody ke;af;la f
03' udkisl ody ke;af;la f
04' rd. .sks ksf Yla;sh ,ef
05' oafY .sks ksf Yla;sh ,ef
06' fuday .sks ksf Yla;sh ,ef
07' udk .sks ksf Yla;sh ,ef
08' igq .sks ksf Yla;sh ,ef'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
21' fmrykalv msf mdl my

01' >dhqI ,ef
02' fidr i;=rkag ysxid l< fkdyelafll= f
03' w wdhqO j,ska mSvd fkd,nhs
04' ji I j,ska ysxid fkdfjhs
05' w;=re urKhlg m;a fkdfjhs'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
15
22' f;,a ,nd.kakd nka msf mdl

01' ukd rE we;af;laf
02' ukd jpk we;af;la f
03' Wiia is;a we;af;la f
04' wCIsma; is;a we;af;la f
05' il,drCIdfjka wdrlaIs; jQfha o f'
23' ffp;Hh msis lsf mdl

mNxlr ys fmr ;hl jk ldlfhl= f,i is
fu;=ud lef,a hk g mshqu;=rd nq if.a Od;= ksoka fldg idod
we;s ffp;Hfhys lef,a je jk .%yKhg yiqj ;sfnkjd l
msis fldg wg jrla ffp;Hhg je| msgq fkdmd .sh l=i,fhka
;;sid fof,dj bmks' uy rka uklao my< jqks' ;=kaish
j;djla ilafo Wmkafkah' ismia j;djla ila;s rc h'
ukqf,dj f mdl ,enqkdy'
16
lu mdl
25' wxi lv msf mdl ;=kls

01' mris;a okakd kqjK ,ef'
02' fmr ; isyslrk kqjK ,ef'
03' ukd i we;af;la f'
26' bk m msf mdl ih

01' iudkays lmd fkdf
02' iudfhys yqre mqre nj we;af;af'
03' fkdf|k msia we;af;a f
04' weoysh hq;= jpk we;af;la f
05' t<U is isysh we;af;a f
06' nh ye.S we;s fkdf'
27' md;% ;nk wdOdr msf mdl
wjidkfha Ydka; ksjka iqj ,eug o f msk WmksY%h

we;s nj 336 jk wmodkfha laf'
md;% wdOdr ys fmr is nq ysg md;% wdOdrhla mqod

iuka;jK k ila;s rc h'
Lqcq;a;rdj uyd Ou ll Wjeishla jqfKa o fmr mfia
nqkag ;u wf;a odf.k is j< wg .,jd md;% wdOdr f,i ms
msk fya;=fjks' md;%h fkdje ord isug fuh Wmldr jqKd jf.au
wehg o Ouh ord isf Yla;sh we;s h'
ûfkdar: mQr wgqjdj 238 msgqj&
ms<sJjP ysg md;% wdOdr mqod wkqiia myla ,enqKs'
01' lsisjlska lmd fkdjk is;la ,ef'
02' ukdj isysh msysghs'
03' Ouh ord .ekSug kqjK ,ef'
04' ord.;a Ouh wu;l fkdfjhs - 1
05' ukdj Ouh ksIa; f,i jegfykq ,ef'
24' blgq .=,d msf mdl ;=k
28' Ndck msf mdl
01'
02'
03'
04'
05'
06'
07'
08'
09'
uy;a fNda. im;a yeu gu ,eu

jkhg .sfha o ta jkh ;udg msysg f,i mej;Su
jkfha l=Kq" lgq wdh ud.fhka bj;au
l=IaG frda.ho" .Kav" lsf,i" ueiafudr"
;;dk l=IaG frda. o" oo leis,s wdh o fkdu
iaj,am ud;% o ms<sldjla Yrfha yg fkd.ekSu
rka meyem;a isrerla ,eu
wleue;s oE neyer f' leue;s oE t<f'
is; tl f' ukdj iud f
l,am ,laIhla ;=< .;shg fkdjefghs
01' ;a; iqLh ,ef'

02' ldhsl iqLhg ,dNSf
03' iem bh we;af;la f'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
Ndckodhl ys fmr l=U,alrefjla ish NslaIQkag

Ndck ka msfkka ila;s rc o l,am wkQ tlla iem|
wjidkfha ksjka iem o ,eug th WmksY%h we;'
17
ms<sJjP ysg Ndck okafuka mdl ;=kla ,enqKdy'

01' yeul,ays jkd Ndcku mfNdakhg ,ef'
02' m;sj; we;a;djQ Ndhdjka o" is oiaikao hdk jdyk o
,efnkakdy'
03' oHd o" uka;%hka o" kdkd wd.uhkao ish Ys,am o
bf.k .ekSf Yla;sh o ,ef'
29' ;e msf mdl ;=k

;e hkq mska wd fkd.eUqre n`ka f' tajd msfuka
01' fkdfhla wdldr is;=re ;,s ,ef'
02' jf;ys o .=Kfhys o m%;sm;a;sfhys o uekka
mj;skafkla f'
03' msis wdpdr we;af;la f'
^ms'wm'wkqj&
30' fnfy;a T!IO msf mdl

fu;a; .=;a; ys iqfO nq rcqkag .sf;,a ms msfkka wg
jrla ilafo jqfKah' mkia tlajrla ila;s rclu ,enqjd' tfiau
yeu ;hlu mdfya wm%udK fnda. im;a ,enqjd y' wjidkfha ta
msk ksjkg o WmksY%h jQ nj 403 jk wmodkfha fmkajd we;'
ms<sJjP ysg fnfy;a msfuka wkqiia oyhla ,enqKdy'
01' >dhqI ,ef'
02' n,jka;fhla f'
03' h jka;fhla f'
04' jK im;a ,ef'
05' hiia we;af;la f'
06' iem we;af;la f'
07' Wmj ke;af;la f'
08' wka;rd ke;af;la f'
09' yeu l,ays .re lrk ,oafola f'
10' m%sh mamfhda. la fkd,ef'
18
lu mdl
31' mdjyka msf mdl

Wmdykodhl ys jkaok k Y%djlhka jykafiag tl jq
is;ska kqjK fhdod mdjyka hqj<la ms msfkka l,am wkQ tlla
.;shg fkd.sfhah'
mkdodhl ys wfkdauoiaiS nqrcdKka jykafiag mfha od
is mdjyka hqj< mqod mkia mia j;djla fofof,djg wm;s
ilafo j Wmkafkah' oyia jrla ila;s rc h' ta msfkka iir
.ufka
01' f.fhka hd yels jdyk ,enqKd'
02' m%ido" rkaisld" jkd we;=ka" wiqka o ,enqKdy'
03' w.% .Kfha mdjyka o ,e we;'
32' hmsiakd jia;% msf mdl

01' rkajka meye we;af;la f'
02' rcia ke;af;a f'
03' Yrfhka kslafuk /ia we;af;la f'
04' f;acia we;af;a f'
05' isks isrerla we;af;a f'
06' isref l=Kq fkdwef,a'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
33' ierh msf mdl

oKavodhlys uyd ix>r;akhg WK,Shlska yerhla
fldg f msfkka l,am wkQ y;rla .;shg fkd.sh w;r fo
ksia iemu ,enqfh'
ms<sJjP ysg ierh msfuka wkqiia yhla ,enqKdy'
01' fndfyda mq;%hka we;af;a f'
02' ;e;s .ekS fkdf'
03' yeu l,ays wkqka iska mSvd fkdl< yelafla f'
04' il,drlaIdfjka wdrlaIdj ,ef'
19
05' jer ke;af;la f'

06' ;a; mSvd we;s fkdf'
34' fnfy;a wka msf mdl wg

01' uy; fk;a we;af;la f' 2" 3" 4" wefia iq ly r;=
meyehka ukdfldg we;af;a f'
05' fkdlevqkd jQ m%ido ckl weia we;af;la f'
06' ish frda.hkaf.kau fkla f'
07' jeia we;af;la f'
08' wkq;a;r jQ m%{d pCIqih ,ef'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
35' h;=re yd fldmq msf mdl

01' h;=re ms msfkka Ou oajdrh jD; lr.kakd {dkh
kue;s h;=r ,ef'
02' h;=re fldmq fuka fl%daOh uo f'
03' fjfyi ke;af;a f'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
36' m msf mdl my

01' fkdief,k iudh we;af;a f'
02' iudfha jYSNdjh we;af;a f'
03' fkdf|k msia we;af;a f'
04' yeu l,aysu Yajdi lrk l;d we;af;a f'
05' uy;a fNda. im;a we;af;a f'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
37' fndau wdh weuf mdl

ilxiucl ys miaiS nq rcqka nqug msg ka mf<d,a
fnda uj weuf msfkka my; i|yka wkqiia ,enqjdy'
01' ksYap, jQ iud.; is;a we;af;la f'
02' msis mqoa.,fhla f'
03' jer ke;s ksu, mqoa.,fhla f'
20
lu mdl
04' fYdal fkdfka
05' ;a;mSvd ,s fkdf'
06' l=IaG frda. fkdiEfoa'
07' f. frda. fkdiEfoa'
08' leis,sfrda. fkdiEfoa
09' ueia fudr fkdiEfoa
10' ;ld k jQ iu .e, hk l=IaG frda. fkdiEfoa
11' oo frda. fkdiEfoa
12' lid ierj .,k frda. fkdiEfoa
13' je,mS ke;af;a f'
14' ;e;s fkd.ks;a
15' iDcq is;a we;af;a f'
16' meye,s is;a we;af;a f'
17' leu;s leu;s iudka ,ef Yla;sh ,ef'
^wmodkmd,s 421 jk wmodkh&
fnda iucl ys g fmr ;hl fndauf

f.dv.eiqKq fndam;a l thf.k neyerg uQ msfkka wkqiia
iaila ,e we;' ta wkqj ne l, Y%oaOdfjka ;ekam;a is;ska kqjK
fhdod fnda uj weueoao;a my; i|yka mdl ,ef'
18'
19'
20'
21'
22'
23'
24'
25'
26'
27'
28'
29'
30'
31'
.;shg fkdje fo ksia iem ,ef'

Wiia l=,hlu bmfoa
ukd w mi we;af;la f'
wdfrday mKdy foayhla ,ef'
msmqka wjhj we;af;la f'
YsIaG rEm im;a;shla ,ef'
rkajka mdg foayhla ,ef'
uD fudf,dla ishla we;af;la f'
isks ishque,s ;hla ,ef'
isref ,s l=Kq fkd;ejf'
wjq iq<x j,ska mSvd fkdfjhs'
isreka oyh fkdje.sfrhs
ldhsl udkisl frda.dndO ke;af;a f'
i;=rka ke;af;a f'
21
32' fkdwvq jQ fnda. im;a ,ef'

33'.skafkka c,fhka rcqkaf.ka fidrekaf.ka hla fkdf'
34' ;udf.a is; fkdojk fiajl fialdjka ,ef'
35' wl,a urKhkag m;a fkdfjhs'
36' ish,af,dau ;udg iem leue;af;da fj;a
37' uyd hiia we;af;a f'
wjidkfha f msk ksjkg o WmksY%h ksjka iem o f.k
fokafkah' ^wmodk md,s 528 jk wmodkh&
38' fndk mhsmam msf mdl ;=k

kdisldf uiao wdh iE we;s .s,ka NslaIQkag mdkh
l<dg jrola fkdf' tjeks NSlaIQkag fndk mhsmam msfuka
01' isysh iDcqf'
02' kyr ukd fldg inkaO we;a;jqka jkakdy
03' jH fka;% ,efnkakdy hehs olajd we;
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
39' uy ie,s yd lr`vq msf wkqiia oyh

01' iEu l,aysu wdrlaIdj we;af;a f'
02' iemfhka hqla; f'
03' uy;a hiia we;af;a f'
04' ishque,s f'
05' ish wk;=re j,ska fka f'
06' uyd .=Kjka;fhka f'
07' ;% jQ uy;a ie,s yd lrvq ,ef'
08' we;a" wia" r:hkag ,dNS f'
09' h ke;af;a f'
10' fkdkefik fNda. im;a we;af;a f'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
40' wka k, msf mdl y;r

01' ij ,laIKfhka hqla; ;hla ,ef'
02' >dhqI ,ef'
22
lu mdl
03' kqjKe;af;la f'
04' il,dka;rdfhkau fkla f
41' l=vd msyshd yd f,d Wrk w`vq f mdl

msyshd msu ksid w;=,H jQ mdY=oaO jQ flf,ia iskd kqjK
,ef' w`vq msfuka flf,ia Wrk kqjK ,efnk nj wmodk
md<sfha ms<sJjP wmodkfha olajd we;'
42' kiH WmlrK msof mdl wg

tk .=K Ou wglska hqla; f Yla;sh ,efnk nj
ms<sJjP wmodkfha i|yka f' ta .=K Ou k"
01' Y%oaOdj
02' YS,h
03' m lsug ,ecd we;s nj
04' m lsug h we;s nj
05' nyqY%e; nj
06' ;Hd.jka; nj
07' bjiSu" m%{dj hk fjdh'
43' mqgq msf mdl

fyaul ys mshoiaiS nqrcdKka jykafiag iDn,fhka rka
mqgqjla ujd kamsfkka ye;a;Emia j;djla ila;s rc h' fo;sia
j;djla fofo f,djg wm;s ilafo h'
taldikodhl ys mshqu;=rd nqrcqkag ovq ueiai u;
wdikhla mkjd ka msfkka mkia j;djla Yl% foafka im;a
,enqfh' wiQj;djla ila;s rc h'
taldikodhsld f;rKsh fmr tla ;hl meyek is;ska
;ekam;a is;ska" kqjKska hqla;j tla yskulg jevisug wiqkla
mkjd ka msfkka wiQj;djla ila fof.a | Wmkakdh'
ye;a;Ey;a j;djla ila;s rcqf.a fufyis jqKdh' ukqf,dj my;
i|yka wkqiia ,e we;'
23
01' ys| .ekSug rka wiqka my< f'

02' ;a;mSvd we;sfkdf
03' fug m,ia wdh fndfyda ,ef
04' fndfyda fNda. im;a ,ef
05' Wiia l=, im;a ,ef
06' ffp;isl fokdjkag m;a fkdf'
07' ,iaik Wmhs
08' ;ud kdjkak" ljkak" fmdjkak" i;=gq lrjkak"
iqj|.,ajkak fndfyda msjr ,ef'
wjidkfha f W;= msk ksjkgo WmksY%h we;'
^taldiodhsld f: wmodkh&
g wur;j ms<sJjP wmodkfha f mdl o fmkajd we;'
09' ish,a,kaf.au f.!rjhg md;% f
10' fndfyda lS;s we;af;la f'
11' fuys weKq is;a we;af;la f'
12' fndfyda mqgq iir ,ef hkqfjks'
44'fldg msf mdl ih

01' jkd fldg ,ef'
02' wdh wIaGdx.sl ud.fhys ys; M<jd iSug Yla;sh
,ef
03' bJsh oukfhka hqla; f
04' is; iud lr.; yelsf
05' j;a ms<sfj;a wdpdr iudpdr .=Kj,ska hq;a W;=fulaf'
06' fndamdlaIsl Ouhka yd ;%S YslaIdjka wkq.ukh
lsug Yla;sh ,ef'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
45' msre is msf mdl

fuys mdl f,i fndfyda Wiia jkd mhH_xl ,efnk nj
ms<sJjP wmodkfha laf'
24
lu mdl
46' md mqgq msf mdl fol

01' fndfyda hdk jdyk ,eu
02' Ndhdjka o is oiaika o llrejka o ;udg uekeka
Wmia:dk lrkakdy'
47' md, ta o`vq blsf mdl

fOda;l ys mshqu;=rd nqrcdkKa jykafia m%Odk uyd
ix>r;akhg md,ula blr mQcd l< msfkka my;i|yka mdl
,e we;s nj wmodkfha olajd we;'
01'
02'
03'
04'
05'
06'
mj;hlska fyda .ilska jefgkakg .sfhao msysg ,nhs'

i;=rkag uev,sh fkdyelafla f'
,efnk jia;=j fidre meyer fkd.ks;a'
wka wh wjuka fkdlr;a'
i;=re n,f. ch.; yelsf'
t<suyfka .sfha o wjqfjka ;ejqfka o la fokd
fkdfka'
07' fo ksia fo.;sfhys leue;s m we;a jdyk my<f'
wjidkfha ksjkgo f msk WmksY%h jkafkah'
48' we .,ajk f;,a msf mdl my

01' kSfrda.s nj ,ef'
02' rEm im;a ,ef'
03' jyd Ouh k.ekSug iu;a f'
04' fndfyda wdydr mdk ,ef'
05' >dhqI ,ef'
^ms<sJjP wmodkh&
49' .sf;,a yd f;,a ^mdkh lrk& msf mdl
imamodhl ys Mqiai nqrcdKka jykafiag .sf;,a lla ms
msfkka ila;s rc we;'
25
ms<sJjP ysg .sf;,a yd f;,a ms msfkka wkqiia myla

,e we;a;dy'
01' n,jka;fhla f'
02' rEm im;a ,ef'
03' is;a i;=gq lrk orejka ,ef'
04' frda. mSvd ke;af;a f
05' msis ;hla ,ef'
50' uqj msis lrk oE f mdl my

01' msis W.=r we;af;a f'
02' ys y`v we;af;a f'
03' ldYfrda. ke;af;a f'
04' iajdifrda. ke;af;a f'
05' .| fkdyuk" iqj| yuk uqj uv,la ,ef'
^ms<sjJjP - wmodkh&
51' wdh msf mdl

msfuka ldh.;d i;s Ndjkdj jeug uy;a hla ,ef'
meKs mQcd lsu w;=,H jQ wkqmu jQ uqla;s rih ,en .ekSug fya;=
f' fkdfhla ri j. msf fya;=fjka i;r Y%uK M, ri |
.ekSf Yla;sh ,ef' yl=re msf fya;=fjka flf,ia is|,k
kqjK ,ef'
52' ij odkfhys mdl
we;a" wia" r: mdn, hk isjqr fiakdj ks;r Tyq msjr;a"

;j o ish wdNrKfhka irik ,o yeg oyila r:fhda yeu
;hlu mdfya ,efn;a' tfiau yeg oyila ;+hH_hka o uekka
w,xldr lrk ,o fNayq o ;udg i;=g f.k fokafkah' uekka
w,xldr lrk ,o ihdiq oyila ia;%Syq is;=re jia;%dNrK we;a;dyq
m<k Ks fldfvd,a we;a;dyq .weismsh we;a;dyq iskd iys; jQjd
yq ukd jQ Yrdjjh we;a;dyq isyska l m%foaY we;a;dyq
ksrka;rfhkau Tyq msjrkakdyqh' fuh ij odkfhys mdl f'
l,am ;siaoyila fof,dj iem ,ef' oyia j;djla
26
lu mdl
fofo f,dj wm;s ilafo jkafkah' oyia j;djla

ila;s rcj Wmkafkah' fufia jkafka ys; ;ekam;alrf.k
Y%oaOdj Wmojdf.k kqjK fhdod ish,a, msfuka nj
wjOdrKfhka o; hq;=h'
53' fomdj, ika .e,af mdl

f;dafohH ys iqfO nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a fomdj, ika
.e,ajQ msfkka fndfyda wdksixi ,nd we;'
01'
02'
03'
04'
05'
ish,a,ka iska ms<s.kakd ,o jpk we;af;la f'

fY%aIaG jQfha f'
iDcq is;a we;af;a f'
tfiau l,am ismyla lfhka m%Nd ys we;'
ta msfkka l,am fooyia yhishhla fof,dj iem
kak ,enqKs'
06' oyiajrla ila;s rch'
07' fndfyda jdr m%foaY rdcHhkao ,enqKs'
wjidkfha wm nq iiqfka ksjka iqjh o wjfndaO lr.ekSug
ta msk WmksY%h jQ nj 408 jk wmodkfha laf'
54' u,a fKq" u,ahka wdh msf mdl

fKq mQcl ys miaiS nqrcqkag kdu,a fKq ms msfkka
fKq k ila;s rc njg m;ah' wjidkfha ksjka iemhg o th
WmksY%h h'
^110 jk wmodkh&
;sKiq,l ysfhda ;siai nqrcdKka jykafiag fnda,soao u,a
mqod ismia j;djla ilafoj Wmkakdy' ye;a;Emia j;djla
ila;s rcj Wmkakdy' wjidkfha ksjka iqjh ,nd.;ay'
^413 jk wmodkh&
w;sP;a;sh ys w;a:oiaiS nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a Od;=
ksokafldg ye ffp;Hhg u,a hkla mqod l,am tlaoyia
y;aishhla wmd.; fkdh' t;r ld,hla jH rdcHo lrkak
,enqKq nj 141 jk wmodkfha olajd we;'
27
55' l= mQcdf mdl

k< l=odhl ys fmr kdro nqrcdKka jykafiag ng ovq
j,ska l=hla fldg mQcdl<msfkka ;siay;r j;djla ila;s rc h'
wjidkfha ksjka iemo ,eh'
k<d.dl ys kdro nq ysg ng ls,shla fldg ta u; ;DK
w;=rd ms msfkka l,am ody;rla fof,dj iem kafohs' ye;a;E
y;r j;djla ila;s rc h' wjidkfha isms<sishd,dNSj ry;a
ug o ta msk WmksY%h h'
^wmodk md,s 345 wmodkh&
;sKl=odhl ys g l,am wkQ tllg fmr odifhlaj bms
ish kla le,hg .sh gl ,S lE,s yhla f.k fol fol l;sr
isk f,i neo ta u; ;DK w;=rd l=hlafldg uy ix>r;akhg ms
msfkka"
01' ;;sid fof,dj fo ukla my< jqKd
02' WmkQmka ;ek ;u isf;a yehg m%dido my< jqKd
03' h" ;e;s .ekS" f,duq ye .ekS" ke;af;la jqKd'
04' isxy" jHd>%" j,ia jDl" lrndkd j,ia wd jk i;=ka
;ud hkg mdfrka bj;aa jqKd'
05' imhka" N+;hka" kd.hka" l=NdKavhka" rl=ika ;ud
hk g ud.fhka bj;a jqKd'
wjidkfha wm nq iiqfka Ydka; ksjka iqjhg m;aug ta
msk fya;= jqKd'
wdjdihla fldg mQcd lsu ish,a, kakd fhhs lsoo
iQ;%fhys nqrcdKka jykafia jodrd ;sf'
56' Ou odkfha mdl

;sf,djl ;s,l jQ iud inq rcdKka jykafia zzin
odkx Ou odkx kd;sZZ hhs jodrd we;s m Ou odkuh msk
ishu odkuh mskal wNsNjkh lrk nj o; hq;=h' tys we;s w.h
fufia o; hq;=h'
28
lu mdl
zzifms ysu plald, .fNys hdj n%yau f,dald
ksrka;rx lFjd jrdks ofohH ;iax iud.f
p;=mamldh .d:dh l:dkq fudaokdj fiGdZZ
ÔumoG l;d 760 msgqj&
fuys ir, w:h k bka jkdys ilaj, .en isg

fkajiCoaCo kdiCoaCodh;k wrEms nUf,dj olajd w;rla ke;sj
isk fia jvd ysjd nq mfia nq uyry;ka jykfia,dg flfi,a
nv ^f.dn& fuka w;sYhskau yq,a isks isjqre fokafka fo" ta jr
odkuh mskalug o jvd tys i;r mo .d:djlska fyda lrk ,o
wkqfudaokdju fY%aIaG f lshdh' ;jo" zz;x ys odkx ;iaid .d:dh
fida,isx l,x kd.a>;SZZ hhs tys jodrd we;s mta ilaj, .f,a isg
Njd.%h olajd w;rla ke;sj nq mfia nq uyry;ka jvd ysjd ka
odkfhys mdlh" i;r mo .d:djlska wkqfudaokd nK lshd ,o
mdlfhka fidf<dia l,djl= ôyifhka fldgil=& fkdj
hkqfjka olajd we;' fufia nq nK mohla kuq foaYkd lsu
Y%jKh lsu uy;a M, f.k foa hhs jodrd we;' ;j rg;a fuh
.%y lrk OumoG l;dj fufia lshd we;'
zz;:drEmdh taj midh m; msKavmd;iai m;af;a mqfrFjd
kak odkf;dams' imamsf;a,dkx m;af;a mQfrFjd kak fyaic
odkf;dams' uyd ydr iidkx ydrdkCoap f,day mdido
iidkCoap mdidokx wfkaldkx i; iyiaidkx ldfrFjd kak
fiakdik odkf;dams wkd: msKaldys ydrx wdrN l;
mpd.f;d ms wka;ufida p;=mamldh .d:dh wkqfudaokd
jfiakdms mj;a;s;x Ouodkfj jrx fiGxZZ
by; lS fia ilaj, .en isg Njd.%h olajd w;rla ke;sj nq
mfia nq uy ry;ka jykafia,d jvd ysjd fok ,o m%kS; msKavmd;
odkhg o jvd Ou odkuh mskalu fY%aIaG f' tfiau jvd ysjd
md;% mqrjd fok ,o .sf;,a wd fnfy;a odkhg o jvd Ou odkuh
msku fY%aIaG f' tfiau uyd ydrhkag iudk ydro tfiau
f,dajduymdh jeks m%didohka fkdfhla ish oyia .Kka lrjd fok
,o fiakdik odkhg o jvd Ou odkuh msku W;= f'
29
30
lu mdl
wkd: msKal isgq;=ud for fjfyr i|yd jeh l< 54

fldahl Okm;Hd. f;kdjg o jvd hg;a msfihska i;r mo
.d:djlskq wkqfudaokd Ou foaYkhla is flf" k Ou
odkuh msxlula isflf k ta Ou odkuh msxlu u odkuh
msxl w;r w.% f' fY%aIaG f W;= f hhs olajd we;'
hfula meyekq is;ska nqka oy i=ka irK fldg" msysg

fldg jdih lrhs k ta wh wmdhg fkdhk nj fufia olajd we;'
thg fya;=j k by; lS isjqre msu msKavmd; odk fikiqka

blsu wd mqKH lu lrKqfha Ouh wid k.;a neks' Ouh
k lshd .ekSug fkd,eKS k le| irejl= o n;a yekaol=
fkdfok nj Oufha fmkajd we;' f lreKskao Ou odkuh
msxlu ish oka mrojk nj o; hq;= ;jo ry;a fndafhka ksjka gq
msi w;r w. ;ekam;a iehq;a iajdka jykafiag l,amhla
uq,af,a jisk jIdf h m%udKh lsug ;r uyd kqjKla
we;af;ah' fu;r kqjKla we;s iehq;a ysg o nK mohla
ke.ekSug fkd,eK k ksjka lSug fkdyels jkafkah' f
fya;=fjka Ou odkuh msku ish odkuh msxl j,g jvd fY%aIaG
jk nj w.% jk nj ;:d.; iud inqrcdKka jykafia ila
fog jodrkakg fhfkah'
fuhska olajd ;sfnkafka nqka irK hk wh wmdhg fkdhk

nj ta jf.au ;uhs' Ouh o ix>hdo hfula msysg fldg irKfldg
jdihlrhs k ta who iq.;s mrdhkh fj;s' tfiau tl ;sika
if;l=g odkhla fok ,oafoa k wd;au ishhla wdhqI" jK iem"
n," m%{djka f.k foa' tfiau uiqka urK" wkqkag mSvd lr
j;afjk" iaiS, mqyqka mqoa.,fhl=g odkhla fok ,oafoa k
wd;auNdj odyla wdhqI"jK iem n, m%{djka f.k foa' tfiau we;s
w.=K jyk iajNdj ke;s" ke;s.=K fmkajk iajNdj ke;s wkqka
fkdfm,d yeka fika lDIs fj<o wd ludka; j, fh
j;ajk mqyqka is,ajf;l=g ka odkfha mdl wd;auNdj ,laIhla
wdhq jK iem n, m%{djka f.k foa' ;jo lu M, Yajdi lrk
lu jd lsh jd lduhka flfrys ;rd.S is;a we;s f,!lsl
mCoap wNs{djka we;s ndysr ;dmifhl=g fokodkfha mdl wd;au
Ndj flda ,laIhla wdhqI jK iem n, m%{djka f.ka fokakdy'
tneka i;amqreIfhks" fuh lshjd ne Tn jv jvd;a Ou

m%pdrl jev lghq;= j, ksr; fj;ajd' nK lSu Ou .%ka: m;%sld
uqKh fldg fndod wd msxl j, kqjKska fhfo;ajd'
57' ;sirK iudodkfha jkdlu

irK .uksh ys wfkdau oiaiS nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a
ld,fhys ksi f;rekaf.ka ;sirK iudoka h' ta ys; myod f.k
;ekam;a is;ska ;sirK.;a msfkka wiQjdrhla ilafoj
Wmkafkah' ye;a;Emia jdrhla ila;s rclu ,enqfKah' f nq
iiqfka y;a wjqre fhau ry;a ug o ta msk Wmldr h'
^wmodk md,sfha 23 jk wmodkh&
mCoap iS, iudokSh ys fmr ta ksi ysf.ka mkais,a
iudoka jQ msfkka ;sia j;djla ilafo h' ye;a;Emia j;djla
ila;s rclu ,enqKdy' wm nq iiqfka Yd,d uykqjr mkais,a
.ekSf u ry;a ug o ta fmr msk WmksY%h we;'
zzudkqix foayx foajldhx mmQfriaika;SZZ
;sirK Wmdil flfkl=g fok odkfha mdl fumuKh

lshd lsh fkdyelsh' wixfLhH wmamfuhH jYfhka ucCu ksld
wgqjdf olajd we;' thg jvd mxpiS,fhys msysfhl=g fok ,o
odkh uy;a M,f' Bg;a jvd oi iS,hl msysfhl=g fok ok uy;a
M, f' Bg jvd idufkar ys kulg fok odkho uy;a M,f'
Bg;a jvd Wmimkak NslaIqjlg fok odkh uy;a M,f' Bg;a
jvd jHla; imkak NslaIqjlg fok odkh uy;a M,h' Bg;a jvd
oYkd jvk NslaIqjlg fok odkh uy;a M,h' thgo jvd wrUk
,o oYkd we;s NslaIqjlg fok ,o odkh uy;aM, f' fidajdka
W;=ful=g fok odkhg jvd wrUk ,o oYkd we;s W;=ful=g
fok odkh uy;a M, fjk nj olaKd Nx. wgqjdf olajd we;'
;jo" f,du iQ;%hg wkqj fidajdka mqoa.,hka ishhlg
31
fok odkhg jvd ilDod.d flfkl=g o ilDod.d ishfofkl=g

fok odkhlg jvd tla wkd.d W;=ful=g fok odkh o wkd.d
W;=uka ishfofkl=g fok odkhg jvd tla ry;ka jykafia kulg
fok odkh o ry;ka jykafia,d ishla kulg fok odkhg jvd
tla mfia nq flfkl=g fok odkfha mdl i; iyiai .=Kfhka
jejkafkah' ta jf.au mfia nqka ishhlg fok odkhg jvd tla
iud inqrcdKka jykafia kulg fok odkh uy;a M,
uydksixYf' thg;a jvd nqoaO m%uqL uyd ix>r;akhg fokodkh
uy;a M, uydksYxi jkakdy'
thg o jvd i;r .ska jkd uy ix>hd Wfoid ydrhla
lrjkafka k th uy;aM, uydksixi jkakdy' thg o jvd hfula
m%ikak is;ska nqoaO Ou ix> hk r;ak;%h irK hd k uy;a M,
f' thg o jvd hfula meyekq is;ska ;sirK iys; mkais,a iudoka
jkafka k uy;aM, uydksYxi jkakdy' thg o jvd hfula
iqj|la wd>%ykh lrk ;r iq ld,hla kuq fu;a is;
m;=rjkafka k th uy;aM, uydksYxi jk nj o; hq;=h'
fuhg o jvd wiqre CIKhla ;r ld,hla kuq wks;H
ix{dj jvhs k uy;aM, uydksixi jk nj f,du iQ;%fha olajd
we;'
58 iqN k ;rKhd weiQ m%Yak 14 yd ms<s;=re foiqu

mskaj;=ks! kla iqN lshk ;reKhd nqrcdKka
jykafiaf.ka m%Yak 14 la wid ishd' tys uyd ldreKsl
nqrcdKka jyakfia th myod jod<d' ta wkqj ;j;a lu mdl 14
la fufia o;hq;= fjkjd'
01' i;aj >d;kh fya;=fjka u;= ; j, wvq jhiska
urKhg m;ajkafkah'
02' i;=ka fkdueu fya;=fjka >dhqI ,ef'
03' i;=kag ysxid mSvd lsu fya;=fjka u;=; j, ks;r
f,vla j,ska fmf<kafkla f'
04' i;=kag ysxid mSvd fkdlsfuka ksfrda.S ; ,ef'
32
lu mdl
05'
06'
07'
08'
09'
10'
11'
fl%daO lrk wh wj,iaik Wmkakdy'

fl%daO fkdlrk wh ,iaik Wmkakdy'
BIHd lsu fya;=fjka wm%isoaO ; ,ef'
BIHd fkdlsu fya;=fjka m%isoaO ; ,ef'
oka fkdf fya;=fjka <skaoka Wm;a
okau fya;=fjka fmdfydi;a ;eka j, Wm;a
udkh fya;=fjka my;a l=, j, bmfoa'
^fndfyda udkh we;s wh iqkLhka f' ;rul udkh
we;s wh jrka bmfoa' zzudfkda ulalfgda w;s udfkda
l=lal=frdaZZ
12' ksy;udkS wh Wiia l=, j, bmfoa
13' Ouh k lshd fkdf.k j;ajkakd wkqjK bmfoa
14' Ouh k lshdf.k j;a fjk wh kqjKe;a;ka
bmfo;s'
^pq,a,lu Nx. iQ;%h&
59' mkais,a /lSf mdl

is,a rlsk mskaj;=kag ,efnk wkqiia fndfyda mj;S' i;=ka
uefuka je,lS iskakdg fYaI wdksixi is;=kla ,ef'
fidrl lsfuka je<lS iskakdg fYaI mdl tfld<yla ,ef'
ldufhys jrojd yeisfuka je<lS iskakdg wdksixi oykjhla
,ef' fndre lSfuka je<lS iskakdg fYaI wdksixi ody;rla
,ef' u;ameka mdkfhka je,lS iskakdg fYaI wdksixi ;syla
,ef' mkais,a /lSfukau wdksixi wkQy;la ,efnkakdy' tu
wkqyia fudkjdo lshd wm iska uqKh fldg fnod fok ,o
mxpiS,dksixi m;%sldj,ska n,d k.ks;ajd'
NdjdkdksixY lSug fndfyda we;af;a kuq .%ka:h > jk
neka tajd fkd,sh' oka fuka fumuK wkqiia f.k foa k nq
iiqfka l<yels by<u msxlu jQ Ndjkdjka is lf<d;a fudk ;r
wdksixi ,nd.; yelafla hs kqjKska is;d i;=ka f W;= l=i,
Ou j, fhfo;ajd' mskaj;=ks" ud fuf;la ,shQ > ia;rfhka
Tng lshkakg n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqfKa ys; yodf.k islrk l=vd
kuq msxl uy;a iem mdlf.k fok njh'
33
tneka f Ou .%ka:h lshjk i;amqreIhska meyekq is;skau

mskal flfr;ajd'
II wre mdl
mskaj;=ks" ka wm ia;r lrkak hkafka is; Is; lrf.k
islrkq ,nk l=vd wl=i,hla kuq f.k fok mdlhla w;sYhska
f>dar jQ lgql jQ wys jQ mdlhka jk njh' jer lrk wh ue
f.dia Wmk la jeu iem wvqu ;ek i;r wmdh f,i ykajk
w;r thska o krldfhau la wl jkakdy' tu ksrho fldgia
tlish ;sia yhlg fnod fmkajd we;' ta tl ksrhl j;a
wiqreiekla .yk ;r ld,hla j;a iem;la ke;'
01' ksrd l
tys we;a;d jQ wg uy krlhkaf.a ia;r fufiah' tys ksr
i;ajhka .skafkka ojkq ,ef' jE fmdfrda wdfhka Yrh lmkq
,ef' .sksh jQ hu fmdf<dj ;nd hlv W,a .ikq ,ef' .sksh jQ
hlv .=,s .s,ajkq ,ef' fmrf,k mj; j,ska hg fldg urkq
,ef' f,day ;=vq we;s lmqgka yd .scq,sysKshka wd i;=ka iska we
uia lv lvd lkq ,ef' tfiau hurdlaIhka iska uq=re j,ska
;,kq ,ef' ;jo .jhka fuka lr;a; ne| nr woaojkq ,ef'
,smsyshd fuka lefmk ;DK yd lvq fuka lefmk fld, we;s .ia
;sfnk m%foaYhka ys uq isreru lefmk ;=re ta f w; jjkq
,ef' isrer lemS uia len,a,l fuka jQ l,ays lrh .x.dj,g weo
oukq ,ef' ;jo mqjla.ia" fmd,a .ia" ls;=,a.ia muK ;=vqj,ska ks
i;=kaf.a we of.k lk f,day ;=vq we;s uyd mKqjka fjfik
lelEfrk wiQ j,j,a j,g weo oukq ,ef' fuf,i tys we;s la
fndfyda f'
ksrhka 136 ;sfnk w;r bka wgla m%Odk ksrfhda fj;s'
02' wguy ksrh yd tys hEug isjk lu

tys ia;r w;s" mQckSh freldfka pJou, uyd iajdka
jykafiaf.a zfn!oaOhdf.a w;afmd;Z k .%ka:hg wkqj fufiah'
34
lu mdl
ixj krlh( hum,a,ka iska tys Wmka i;ajhka .sksh jQ

fmdf<fjys fmr,d lE,s fldg lmoa;a ta i;ajhka lu n,fhka
kej; j;a jk neka ta ksrh ixjh k f' wl fl%daOfhka yd
udkfhka wkqka yd flda<dy, lf<da o" n,hka fm rcjreka yd
ks,Odyq o uerfhda o i;=rka urkafkda o fuys Wmkakdy'
ld,iQ;% krlh( fuys Wmka i;ajhska .sksh jQ hu
fmdf<f fmr,d ,skQ,a .id iyskakd jQ neka ld,iQ;% krlh
ku f'
ud mshkag yd ;=rkag o .=Kj;a uyK nuqKkago wmrdO
l<jqka tys la kakdy'
ix>d; krlh( f ksrfha i;ajfhda kj fhdka >klu
fmd<fjys t ksIap,j is;s' tys wyi .=.=rkakdla fuka uy y`v
kxjka t isk ksr i;=ka wUrka mj;fhda ta f w;
fmrf<;s' tajdg hg i;ajfhda iqKq iqKq fj;s' we;a" wYa" .j wd
i;=kag jo foka jev lrkafkdao i;=ka uerefjdao tys Wmos;s'
fr!rj krlh( f ksrfhys i;ajhkaf.a Yr ;=<g jeo
we;=,; ojkakd jQ kmqre ula we;af;ah' we;=,; msg; folu ojkq
,efuka yvkq ,nk ksrs i;=kaf.a yv ksr;=rej tys wefik neka
tu krlhg fr!rj krlhehs lskq ,ef'
uyd fr!rj krlh( w;sYhska fr! jq .skafkka yd fuka
;jkq ,nk i;ajhkaf.a ksrka;rfhka mj;akd uyd yv we;s ksid o
ks i;=kaf.a Yrj,ska .,k f,hska ms ;sfnk ksid o ta krlh
uyd fr!rj k f' ;=Kqrejkag wh;a jqo udmshkag wh;a jQo jia;=j
meyer .kafkda o kdY l< who tys Wm;s'
;dm krlh( f ksrfha hu m,a,ka iska .sksh jQ
fmdf<dfjys .sksh jQ hyq,a j, wuqKk ,o i;ajfhda .skafkka
fjka la ;s' i;=ka mK mska ojd uerefjdao wkqkaf.a f.j,
.sKs ;enqfjdao tys Wm;s'
m%;dm krlh( fuys o ;dm krlfhys ksi;=ka mefik
whqka > ld,hla i;ajfhda mefi;s' urKska u;= bmula ke;
hehs lshd ;Hd oDIa f.k ml l< wh tys Wm;s'
35
w uyd krldh( f krlfhys tla ;a;shlska kef.k

.skak wfkla ;a;sh olajd .ukalrkafkah' fmdf<dfjka kef.k
.sKs cd,dj Wv mshkam; olajd o Wv mshka mf;ka kslafuk .sKs
cd,dj fmdf<dj olajd o .ukalrkafkah' i;ajfhda ks;ru tu
iidfjkau tk .sKs ,a j,ska fj,S fjkakdy' w;rla ke;sj tys
i;ajfhda fjfi;s' .sKs,a j,ska yd la j,ska o i;ajhkaf.ka o
w;rla ke;s neka ta krlh wh k f'
uj ueu" mshd ueu" ry;=ka ueu" ix> fNaoh" nqkaf.a
wef.a f,a fi,u" hk mxpdkka;h mdm lu l<jqkao
fndai;dKka jykafia,df.a ; keiqfjda o" .=Kj;=kaf.a ;
keiqfjdao" ffp;Hh kafkdao" fnda.ia kdY l<jqkao" r;ak;%hg
wh;a jia;=j meyer.kak jqkao" ;% fdaysyq o" Ndhdjkag wmrdO
lf<dao" fndre lSfjda o" iqrd mdkh l<jqkao" igq .e;af;da o" tys
Wm;s'
;jo wmdhka .ek yd tys hEug fya;=jklu fmkaug ks
cd;lh o olajkafkuq'
03' ks rcq gq ksrhka yd tys hEug fya;=jk lu

w;S;fha wm uyd fndai;dKka jykafia ks uyd rcqj bm
ish ud;,S fomq;a meK ilafof.a wKska ks uyd rcq
ffjchka; k r:fhys kkajdf.k fof,dj n,d hkakg jQy' ta
hk .ufka wmdfha la k i;ajhka o fof,dj fo uka j,
iem k i;ajhka o ud;,S k jH r:dpdhd iska ks uy
rc;=udg fmkakqfh'
ta w;r uq,skau fmkakqf wmdfha la k i;ajfhdah' tu
ksrhka w;ka o uq,skau fmkakqf f;rKS k Tiqm;a krlhhs'
lelEfrka mefik r;a jQ .sKsis n meye we;s hd fkdyels f,da
fhys mefik ks i;=ka l hg ;e;s.ekSug m;a ks uyrc;=ud
l=uk m l l<jqka f;r krlfhys jefg;a hs ud;,S jH
mq;%hdf.ka weiqfh'
36
lu mdl
tg ud;,S jH mq;%hd fufia lSfh
zzfha nf,a n,jkaf;da jf,dafla

ysxfika;s frdafika;s jf,dafla
f;a oao lud mifj;ajd mdmx
f;a f chd f;rKsx m;ka;sZZ
^cd'md' 4779&
f f,dalfhys nekSfuka ydw;a md j,ska myr fuka o
wfl%daI mNj lsfuka o n,hkag ysxid lrkakdjQ n,j;ayq ta m
idyisl l%shd fya;=fjka taldka;fhka f;r k krlhg
mefKkafka hehs ud;,S fomq;a f;f lSfh'
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a fjk krlhka fj; r:h mojd tys
la k ks i;=ka rc;=udg fmkah' tys . ;=kla muK Yr
we;a;d jQ ks i;=ka uyd we;=ka muK Yd, r;= jK yd lnr jK
we;s n,a,ka iska t<jdf.k f.dia flKavd udxih ymd hu
fmdf<df fmr<d weg muKla b;s jkfia br brd lkq ,ef'
;jo lr;a; muK Yr we;s f,day ;=vq we;s .scq,sysKsfhda ta f,day
;=vq j,ska ksi;=kaf.a weg | | weg l;s' ;jo f,day ;=vq
we;s w;sYhskau Nhdkl lmqgq ?ka gq;ek t<j tjd fldgd l;s'
f k la gq ks rc;=ud l=uk m l<yqf krlfhys jef hs
ud;,S jH mq;%hdf.ka weiqfh' fyf;u fufia ms<s;=re kafkah'
zzfha flaf uPfkda lohd

m Ndild iuKn%dyauKdkx
ysxfika;s frdafika;s iqmdm Oud
f;a oaolud mifj;ajd mdmx
;hsux ckx ldflda<d wfoka ;SZ;s
^cd'md' 4780&
f wkqj h lsisfjla uiqrelka wkqkg lsisjla

fkdfokakdyq o wkqkg fok foa;a j,lajk loh iajNdj we;af;da
o uyK nuqKkag kskaod lr;a o ysxid wdfl%daI flfr;a o Tjqyq m
/iafldg ksrhg h;s' ta f ksi;=kaf.a uia ljqfvda wkqNj lr;shs
ud;,S fo mq;a lSfh'
37
bka miq fjk;a krlhla lrd r:h mojd tys la k

i;ajhka ks uy rc;=udg lah' ta krlfha Nhxlr uqyqK we;s
hum,a,ka iska ;,al|ka ;r m%udK we;s fjk hlv l|ka
j,ska ksi;=kaf.a ll=,a j,g myr .sksh jQ hu fmdf<dj u;
fy<d tu ,afjk hlv l|ka j,ska ksi;=kaf.a we iqKq iqKq
lr;s' fuh gq ks rc;=ud hg m;a l=uk m l<jqka f ksrfha
jef hs ud;,S jH mq;%hdf.ka weiSh' Tyq fufia mejiSh'
zzfha j f,dliax iQmdh Ofkd

krCoap kdCoap wmdh Oux
ysxika;s frdafika;s iqmdm Oud
f;a f ckd LkaOy;d ihka;sZZ
^cd' md,s 4785&
ta wkqj ksia f,dj iS,d .=K im;a;s hym;a wdpdr
mej;= we;s ksjer mqreIfhl=g fyda ia;%shlg ysxid lrk nKsk
mldrfhda wl=i,a /iafldg f ksrhg jefgk nj f .d:dfjka
lshef'
bkamiq ud;,S fo mq;a wka ksrhka lrd r:h mojdf.k
f.dia tys lak i;ajhka ks rcqg lah' tys hum,af,da
jglrf.k .sksf.k ,sfik wdhqO j,ska fldgka .jhka
.d,lg t<jkakdla fuka w=re j,g mkak;s' tys jegqkd jQ
ksi;=ka ;=kh olajd .sks w.=re jf,ys tfr;s' hum,af,da uy;a jQ
l+vd j,ska .sks w=re f.k ksi;=kaf.a u;af;ys y,;s' ksi;a;=
fokdfjka ,dm fo;s' we;e ks i;a;= isys uq,dfjka ;udu
foda;ska .s,s w=re f.k ysi ,d.ks;s' fuh l ks rcq hg m;a
lsk m l< jqka f ksrfhys jefg;ahs weiSh' tys ud;,S f;f
fufia lSfh
fha fla mQ.dh;kiai fya;=

ilax l;ajd bKx cdmhka;s
f;a cdmhs;ajd ckkx cksJo
f;a f ckd wx.dr ldiqx :Qkka;sZ;S
^cd'md,s 4788 .d:dj&
38
lu mdl
wjia:djla ,o l, odkhla fyda fokafkuq' mQcdjla fyda

mj;ajkafkuq' ydrhla fyda lrjuqhs hhs msia tl;=j
uyckhdf.ka uqo,a iudo fldg iuQyhdf.a m%Odkshdg w,a,ia
wij,a ;ek jev i|yd fumuK ho .sfhah' wij,a ;ek lghq;=
i|yd wm iska fumuK fok ,oafoa hehs fndre idlaIs " ta uqo,a ld
oud ckhd /jgQ fydr iudo ldrfhda f ksrhg jefg;s' Tyq
w=re j,g jefuka lmd fj;s hhs wgqjdjg o wkqj w: o;
hq;=h'
bla;s ud;,S f;f r:h wka krlhla fj; meoh' tys
we,.;a .sks,a iys; uy;a f,day ie<shla fmfka' tys f,dah ms
mj;S' tys Wmka ksi;ajfhda hum,a,ka iska w,a,df.k md Wvg
ysi hg fldg ta f,dah ie<shg oukq,efn;a' ksi;a;= tys fmK
ou oud mqmqrd mefi;s' fuh l h m;a jQ ks uy rc;=ud ud;,Sh'
fudjqka l=uk m l<dyq hs pdf,ah' tys ud;,S f;f fufia
lSfh'
fha iS,jx iuKx n%dyauKx jd
ysxfika;s frdafika;s iqmdh Ofkda
f;a f ckd ^wjxisrd& f,day l=Nsxm;a;S
is,aj;a jQ hym;a jQ wdpdr .=K we;s uyK nuqKkag ysxid
flfr;a o tfia l< mdmld yQ ysi my,g jefgk fia f f,day
l=Uq ksrfhys je mefi;a hehs wgqjdjg o wkqj ir<j f;are .;
hq;='
bla;s ud;,S fo mq;a f;f ta jH r:h wka krlhla lrd
mojk ,' tys hum,a,ka iska ;=ka . muK Yr we;s ksi;=ka
f.a fn,a,g .sksf.k <sfik f,day fhd;a oud bhg kud ysi
lmd .sksh jQ f,day oKavlska f.k f.dia f,day l=Uq ksrfhys oud
th n,ka hu m,af,da i;=gq fj;s' lu n,fhka ta ks i;=kag
kej; kej; fn,a, iys; ysia my< fj;s' ium,af,da o kej;
kej;;a fmr fiau la fo;s' fuh gq ks rcq hg m;aj lsk m
l<jqka fuys bms fufia la kakdyq hs ud;,Sf.ka weiSh' tys
fyf;u fufia lSfh'
39
fha j f,daliax iQmdm Ofkda

mla .fy;ajdk fyaGhka;S
f;a fyaGhsFjd il=Kx ckskao
f;a oaolud mifjFjd mdmx
f;a f ckd ;a;isrd ihka;s'
^cd' md,s 4794 .d:dj&
uyrc f f,dalfhys hfula mlaISka w,a,df.k w;a;gq is|
msydgq .,jd f.< is| urd lkafka fyda fo l=Kkafka fyda fo
TjQyq f krlhg je iqka jQ ysia we;sj ihkh flfr;a hehs
wgqjdjg o wkqj w: f;are .; hq;=h'
bla;s ud;,S fo mq;a r:h wka krlhla lrd mojk ,' tys
fkd.eUqre fldg we;s ruh .x.djla .,d nishs' .sks riafhka
r;a jQ ksi;=ka .sks fmd<j md.ka meka f woyiska ta .g
niskakdy' tflkysu .x bjqr .sks.kS' tys .,d.sh j;=r .sksh jQ
fnd,a njg m;afjhs' msmdih bjid.; fkdyels jQ ksi;ajfhda ta
.sks .,a fnd,a lkakdy' ta .sksh jq fnd,a Tjqkaf.a il,
Yrhu ojdf.k wfOdaud.fhka kslafuhs' TjQyq l bjid.;
fkdyelsj fow;a ysfia nodf.k yv;s' fuh l ks rcq lsk
ml l<jqka hs ud;,Sf.ka weiSh' ud;,S f;f fufia lSfh'
fha iqoaO OCoaCox m,fmak iaix
wiqoaO lud lhsfkda ooka;S
iudNs;;a;dkx msmdis;dkx
msj;Cop f;aix N+ixfNda;s md
^cd' md,s 4798 .d:dj&
ta wkqj wd ima; O OdkHfhka lsish OdkHhla ,g
.kakd ;eke;af;la yg fnd,a yd Y% fldg fohs o" w:hla ke;s
fohla yd Y% fldg fohs o" je,s ue wdh iu Y%fldg fohs o"
fufia ckhd rjgd l=Kq fidryq fuys bms .sksh jQ fnd,a
.s,skakdy hehs lSfh'
b;a;s ud;,S fomq;a jH r:h wka krlhla lrd mojk ,'
40
lu mdl
tys fr! jQ hum,af,da kq B wd kd kd wdhqO f.k jkfhys uqj

jeoaoka fuka ksi;=ka jgfldg fomiska ;s' ta ks i;=kf.a Yr
yeu ;eku isr mKqjka lE fld< fuka fj;s' fuh gq ks rcq
f i;=ka fmr fuys bmug lsk m l<dyq hs weiSh' tys ud;,S
here f;f fufia lSfh'
fha jf,dliax widOq lfkda
wkakkudodh lfrdka;s lx
OCoaCox Okx rc;x cd;rEmx
wf<lx jdms miqx uySix
f;a f ckd i;a;sy;d ihka;s
ta wkqj hfula Ok OdkH rka neg .j wd yshka iska
fkdka wCoaCodKl iCoaCodKl hula fidr is;ska wrf.k j;a
fj;a o" f.j,a ^j,id& wdh fldg fyda jxpd m%fhda.hlska
fyda wkqka i;= fkdka foh fidr is;ska f.k meje;ajQ wh fuys
bmso wdhqO j,ska keiS fyd;a hehs lS nj wgqjdjg wkqj w: o;
hq;=h'
bla;s ud;,S fojq mq;a jH r:h wka krlhla lrd mojk
,' tysWmka we;e ksi;=ka hu m,a,ka iska lmd uia f.dvj,a
njg m;alr;s' tys Wmka we;e ksi;=ka hu m,a,ka iska fn,a,g
f,day lU od hu fmd<j u; fmr,d kd kd wdhqO j,ska lmd fldgd
lE,s lE,s j,g fjka lrk ,' fuh gq ks rcq hg m;aj fudjqka
fmr l=uk ml l<dyqhs ud;,S herdf.ka weiSh' tys ud;,S
fojq mq;a f;f fufia lSfh'
rNsld iqlldp uld
miqx uysiCoap wf<lCoap
NFjdk iqfkiq midrhsxiq
f;a f ckd ,l;d ihka;S;s
ta wkqj ksiaf,dj .jhka hka" yrl=ka" tjka"
41
negjka" W!rka urd uiafldg j;a jkafkdao" uiqka urkafkdao

fudjqkf.a uia uiaf,dUq j, ûia l=Kk ,E,sj,& lsKSug
fldgia jYfhka ;enqjdyq o ;j;a fkdfhla i;=ka urd uia l=Kd
mj;ajkafkda o f ksrfha bmso" ks m,a,ka iska fldgia l<
uia f.dvj,a njg m;a fyd;s hehs ud;,S fojq mq;a lS nj wgqjd
ia;rhg wkqj w: o;hq;='
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a ks uy rc;=udg wka krlhla olajk
,' tys we;s u<uq;% msreKq w;sYhska .kaO jQ wiQ j< .sksf.k
ouka mefikafkah' id lska fmf<k ks i;ajfhda ta l=i.sks
fokdj bjid.; fkdyelsj ouka mefika ta wiQh .=,s
f,i msvqfldg f.kwkqNj lr;s' fuh gq ks rcq fi;ajhka ukq
f,dj lsk m l<dyqhs ud;,S jH href.ka uiSh' fyf;u
fufia lSfh'
fha fla f lrKsl frdaild
mfix ysxidh iod ksGd
;a;oafkda <ayufoka;s nd,d
ryfoda whx f,days; mqn mqfrd
.a.kaOrEfmda wiQ mQ;s jdh;s
^cd' md,s 4810 .d:dj&
ta wkqj h i;ajfhla w;amd lemS wd jYfhka ksiqkag

oreKq jO fokafkda o ;=rka fjfyikafkdao wkqkg ysxid mSvd
lrkafkda o wkqkaf.ka wdydr mdk wkqNjfldg mkjk ,o
wiqkaj,u ksod miqj ta Wmldr l< ;=rkaf. Okh meyer.kakd jQ
Tjqkaf.ka w,a,ia .kakd jQ ;% fdayS yq o" f ksrfhys bmso .sksh
jQ wiQ wkqNj lr;a hehs ud;,S fomq;a lshd we;s nj wgqjdjg o
wkqj w: o; hq;='
42
lu mdl
ta lreK fufia myod fok ,'

fha ud;rx jd ms;rx jd jf,dafla
mrdld wry;af;a ykka;s
f;af ckd f,days; mqn NlaLd
^cd' md<s 4810 .d:dj&
ta wkqj hfula uj fyda mshd fyda ry;=ka fyda urd .sys
mdrdldjkag m;ajQfjda o mQcd i;aldrhg iqiq jQ is,aj;a .=Kj;a
nqoaO Y%djlfhda keiQ mldrfhda o fuys bms f,a ierj wkqNj
lrkafkda fj;s hehs ud;,S fomq;a lS nj wgqjdj g o wkqj w:
o;hq;='
bla;s ks uyrc;=udg wka krlhla fmkajk ,' tys
hum,a,ka iska tys Wmka kssrsi;=kaf.a j .sksh jQ ,Sfldl=
j,ska wuqKd weo .sksh jQ hu fmd<fjys fy,d ;j yula weo
W,a.ikakdla fuka W,a .i;a' ksrsi;ajfhda f.dv uQ uiqka fuka
la bjid.; fkdyelsj y`vka fl< j.=rej;a' fuh gq ks rcq
hm;a lsk ml<dyq fuys je la ;a hs ud;,S here f.ka
wik ,' tys ud;,S fomq;a fufia lSfh'
fha fla iJ:dk.;d ukqiaid
w.af>ak w.a>x lhx ydmhka;s
l=fk l+gx Okf,day fya;=
Pkakx h:d jdprx jOdh
kyS l+g ldiai Njka;s ;dKd
iflays lfys mqrlaL;iai
f;a oaolud mifjFjd mdmx
f;a f ckd jxl>ia:d ihka;S
^cd' md,s 4814" 4815 .d:dj&
bla;s ks rc;=udg wka krlhla fmkajk ,'tys l=Kq jQ

f,a ierj msreKq w;sYhska .kaO jykh jk wm;% ,la we;'
.sks rYafhka w;sYhskau fmf<k ksrs i;=ka bka msmdis;j ug
meka ke;sj f l=Kq jQ wm;% f,a ierj mdkh lr;s' fuh gq
ks rcq fudjqka lsk ml l<dyq hs uiSh' tys ud;,S fomq;a
ta wkqj nvq < kshu lrk ia:dkfhys ta ta NdKavfha w.h

kshu lsu jYfhka fyj;a < m%udKh lsu jYfhka kshq;=j
isk mqoa.,fhla NdKav .kakg isk mqoa.,hkaf.ka
w,a,ia f.k jkd NdKavfha < my; fy<k
43
fflrdlfhda o" wefuka jeiQ ,Sfldlal /f.k uil= urkakd

fia fydr lsre kq wd l=G l%shd lrk kSp fjf<kafoda o fuys
bmso .sksh jQ h,s wuqKk ,j .sksh jQ hu fmd<fjys kso;a
hehs mjik ,o nj wgqjdjg o wkqj w: o;hq;='
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a f;f ks uy rc;=udg wka krlla
fmkajk ,' tys hu m,a,ka iska lemQ Yr we;s ms<sl=,a ta ia;%Syq
ysi w; ne|f.k y`v;s' f., is .jhka fuka f,a ierj ;ejreKq
Yr we;sj .sksh jQ hu fmdf<df bh f;la t isgqjk ,o
lKq fuka is;s' tys tla tla Ydj,ska .sksh jQ hlv mj;
fyK.ykakdla fuka Yo kxjka ke.S wjq;a Tjqkaf.a Yr iqkq
iqkq lr;a' tflfkysu lu n,fhka kej; Yrh ;snQ whqkau
my< fj;a' .sksh jQ mj; o kej; kej; Tjqkaf.a Yr iqkq iqka
lr;auh' fgl .sksh jQ mj; fol;a fomiska ;a Wla.ia
wUrkakdla fuka fm<;a b;d r;a jQ f,a je.sfr;s' lsish fgl
mj; ;=k y;rla o ;a fufiau fm<;a' fuh gq rcq hg m;a
ud;,sh lskm l<dyq hs pdf<ah' tys ud;,S fomq;a fufia
lSfh'
flda,skshdfhda bO jf,dafla
wiqoaO lud wi;x wpdrex
;d ;a; rEmd m;smamydh
wCoaCox wpdrex r;sVfya;=
;d j f,daliax rudmhsFjd
LkaOd;sj;a;ka;s ifcda;sN+;d
^cd'd,s 4819 .d:dj&
ta wkqj msis l%shd we;s iuyr l=,ia;%Syq wixh; OQ;sldjka
fuka wdydrmdk jia;%dNrK imhd fuka ;uka fmdaIKh lrk
yshka yer mrmqreIhka i;=gq lrjkakd jQ Tjqka yd is;a m l
r;sfhys yeisfrk mdm ia;%Syq f ksrhg meK .sksh jQ
hufmdf<dfjys .sks,a iys; mj; j,ska weUfr;s hehs lshd we;s
nj wgqjdjo wkqj w: o; hq;='
bla;s ud;,S fomq;a f;f ks uyrc;=udg wka krlhla
44
lu mdl
fmkajk ,' tys ,sfik hlre .sks w=re msreKq iu krj,ls'

th l ksri;=ka tys msiSug hj isk g .d,g fkdmsfik
yrl=kag fuka hum,a,ka iska fkdfhla wdhqO f.k ka
;,ka ta w=re j, lrd f.k f.dia ksrsi;=kaf.a mdj,ska f.k ysi
hl=rej isk fia ta hlre .sks w=re jf,a fy<;a' tys .sf,kakd
jQ ksrsi;=ka gq ks uyrc;=ud hm;aj fudjqka f;dla uy;a lg
m;ajkakg lsk ml l<dyqhs pdf<ah' tys ud;,S f;f
fufia lSfh'
fha jf,daliax widOq lfkda
mriai odrks w;slaluka;S
f;a ;did W;a;u NKavf:akd
f;a f ckd wjxisrd krfla md;hka;s
^cd'md,s 4822 .d:dj
ta wkqj ksiaf,dj ksiqkaf.a W;a;u NdKavhka jQ b;du
we lrk m%sh Ndhdjka yd h mqreIfhla mrodr fiajkfha
fhfooa ta mdmS mqreIfhda fuys fomd j,ska f.k ysi my<g fia
w=re j<g fy,kq ,efn;a hehs lS nj flfhka o; hq;='
bla;s ks uy rc;=udg ud;,S fomq;a iska wka krlhla
fmkajk ,' ta ksrfhys l=vd uy;a l lfgd we;s w;r
^hum,a,ka u fmr<d W,a .eiSu" yria lsh;ska Yh lemSu" jEfhka
lemSu" f,da h fmu" f,day .=,s leu wd wfkal la fohs'
^p;a;d<sidldr uyd miaikd Ndjkdj hk Ou .%ka:fhys olajd
we;'& fuys ksrsi;a;= ;shqKq r lgql la fokd ;s' ks rcq fuh
l hm;aj fudjqyq lsk m l<dyq hs ud;,S heref.ka uiSh'
fyf;u fufia lSfh'
fha jf,daliax iqmdmfkda
iaidludks lfrdka;s fudayd
mrCoap iq iudo fmka;s
f;a mdm mifjFjd mdmx
f;a f ckd wu;a;d laLd ;snd
Lrd lgqld fokd fohka;s
^cd' md,s 4826 .d:dj&
ta wkqj fuf,djla ke;' mrf,djla ke;' msfkys mdl
45
ke;' umshkag Wmia:dk l<dg jevla ke;' hkd f,i lM,

Yajdi fkdlrka igq ;udo fudayfhka fkdfhla ml fldg
wkHhkag igq Tjqka o uq<dlrk wOu mldrhka fuys bmso
;shqKq rlgql fokd ;a hehs lshd we;s nj o; hq;='
f w;r fof,dj fofhda o iqOud fo iNdf /iaj ks
uy rc ud;,S r:dpdh_hd yd mefKk ;=re u. n,d is;s' ilafo
ud;,S fomq;a m%udo l=ula ksido lshd n,kqfha f lreK l
fufia is;=fh' ud;,S fomq;a ks rcqg wij,a luh fldg
wij,a ksrfhys mefi;a hehs lshka krlhka olajka yeisfrhs'
zzks rCoafCoda mK wdhq fha: kksrh oiaikiai mhka;x
.fPhHd;sZZ bka ks rcqf.a wdhqI f.jqfKa kuq;a ksrhka lSu
fl<jrlg k fkdhkafka hehs rcqka iu jyd tkak hehs jH
mq;%fhl= w; mKsvhla heh' th weiQ ud;,S fomq;a ^.=jkg
kexjQ wyia hdkhl isg k.rhl is krUkakdla fuka& tl mdrgu
i;r Ydj fndfyda ksrhka olajd fufia lSfh'
;dks f;a udydrdc wdjdix mdmlkx
Gdkdks oao ludks iaiS,dkCoap hd .;S
WhHdNsodks rdis foajrdciai ika;sfla;s
^cd'md,s 4827 .d:dj
&
uyrc ml l<;a i;=kajik ;eka o oreKq ml l<
i;=kaf.a Wmam;a;s ia:dkfhda o YaiS, fiajkfha Wmokd ia:dkfhda
o" Tniska olakd ,oy' foajhka jykai ka ilafo rcqf.a jH
im;a olakd msKsi hkq uek hehs ud;,S fomq;a lSfh' miqj
fufiau tys fo uka n,ka .sh nj ks cd;lfha laf'
f by; lajQ ksrhkays bmug fya;=jk h mjla lf<a k
th pq;jk fudfydf;a isysjqj fyd;a tu kshrka ys bm la ug
f' miqj thska ;ssika i;=ka bmso wmuK la .eyeg ug
isf' ;sika f,dalfha we;s l lla fyda Tng fmfKk neka
fuys th ia;r fkdlrkaafkuq' bkamiq fiailu mdlf,i fm%a;
f,dalj, o bm wmuK la ug isf' tu fm%a; f,dal lsysmhla
fuys olajkafk'
46
lu mdl
04' fma%a; f,dal fod<y

01' fiu fidgq wdydr fldg we;s j;a;di k fm%a; f,dalh
02' ksiqkaf.a yd i;=kaf.a u<l=Kq wdydr fldg we;s l=Kmdi k
fm%a; f,dalh
03' wiQ wdydr fldg we;s .=:Ldol k fm%a; f,dalh'
04' lka kslafukakd jQ .sks,a we;s w.a.scd, uqL k fm%a;
f,dalh
05' blgq u,lh muK jQ uqLhla we;s uyd ie,shla muK nv we;s
iquqL fm%a; f,dalh
06' id.skafkka yd msmdiifhka ks;r fmf<kneka wdydr mdk
wdYdfjka fmf<k ;Kaydl fm%a;f,dalh
07' .skafka od.sh lKqjla fukah,S .sh Yr we;s iqksCodul
fm%a; f,dalh
08' wdhqO jeks jQ ;shqKq ;udf.a Yrhu lefmk ksh wd Yr
wjhj we;s iF:x. fm%a; f,dalh
09' mr; k Yd, Yr we;s mn;x. fm%a; f,dalh'
10' msUqrkaf.aa Yr jeks Yr we;s wcyrx fm%a; f,dalh
11' udkj, bmso iemla folu l,ska l, kakd jQ fudksl
fm%a;f,dalh
12' le,Ej, jdih lrkakd jQ uy;a jQ iD o w;s uysxl k fm%a;
f,dalh
fuys f,dalh hkafkka woyia lf<a fldgi" j.h hk nj
o;hq;=h' ;j;a uiamsvq jeks Yr we;s fm%a;fhda" weg iels<s n Yr
we;s fm%a;fhda" lka .| yuk mQ;suqL fm%a;fhda wd fndfyda
fm%a;fldgia we;' ,laLk ys fujeks O fm%a;hka istla
fofkl= l we;' fm%a; jia;= m%lrKfha fm%a;hkaf.a lanr l:d
mkia tlla olajd we;' Is; is;ska lrk lshk fofhys lanr wre
mdl laug fuys,d bka lsysmhla olajkafk'
47
05' fm%a; jia;= lsysmhla ^15 ls&

ml< .eyeKshlf.a lanr l:dj
û;a;d fm%a; jia;=j&
N+; hk mq;=f.a mshdg ;siai yd u;a;d lshd |ka
fofofkla jQy' miq lf,l krl .;s mej;= ;snQ u;a;d ue
fm%a;shla j bm kla N+;f.a mshd ksjfia ke;s w;f ksji wi,g
wdjdh' f fm%a;sh gq ;siaidj fm%a;shf.ka f;dm ljfrlahs m%Yak
l<dh' tys fm%a;sh ;ud f ksjfia is u;a;d nj lSjdh' l=uk
mjla fldg fm%a; f,dalfha Wmkafka hs weiQ g fm%a;sh fufia
lSjdh'
i. pKa j Mreid pdisx biaiqlS uP iGd
;dyx re;a;x j;ajdk fma;f,dal f;da .;d
^fm%a; jF:q md,s 137 .d:dj&

uu fl%daO lrk"mrei nia lshk" BIHd lrk" uiqre is;a
we;s" fflrdl .;s" we;a;shla jQuq' uu ta kmqre jpk l:dfldg
fuf,dka fm%a; f,dalhg .sfhuq hehs fm%a;sh lS nj w: o;
hq;=h'
ii. bla;s ;siaidj iska ljr mdmluhla fya;= miska
.ejiqkq isrerla we;a;shla jQfha hs wik ,' tys ;ud
ukq f,dj ,iaik weka ieriqk ;siaidj yd iajd
mq;%hd l;dlrka iskjd l BIHdfjka uevqkqis;a
fldamfhka mia f.k thska ;siaidjg .eiQ mka fufia jQ nj
lSjdh'
iii. b;a;s ;siaidj iska fm%a;shf.ka ljr luhla fya;=fkaa
kqU leiS frda.hlska fmf<kakS hs weiSh' tys fm%a;sh
ukqf,dj u;a;d kka ish li<shd f. f.k;a ;siaid
^;u iajdhdf.a wfkla Ndhdj& ksok hyfka we;=rejd jq mdm
lu n,fhka fufia jQ nj lSjdh'
iv. bla;s ;siaidj iska fm%a;shf.ka kqU k.akj bmug fya;=j
l=ulahs wikq ,enqjdh' fmr u;a;d kka ukq f,dj ksia
l;laj ish oS jia;% fidrl l< mka fufia k.akj
Wmkafka hehs fm%a;sh lsjdh'
48
lu mdl
v. bla;s ;siaidj fm%a;shf.ka l=ula fyhska ^f;da& wiQ .|

yukakshla jQfha hs weiqjdh' fmr ;fha iajd mq;%hdf.a
wksla |f.a iqj| j. o u,a ud,djla o w.kd ,jqka o"
wrf.k wiqj<l uq mka fufia .| yukakshla jQ nj
fm%a;sh lSjdh' miqj ;siaidj iska NslaIQka wg kula jvud oka
weh fm%a; lska ksoyia l<dh' jH im;a w;alr kakdh'
tneka mskaj;=ks ukqf,dj j;ajk Nj lg fya;=jk ls<s
lufkdfldg msis ;hla .;lsug is;g .; hq;=h'
I. rkajka .;la yd ;sika uqjla ,o iqlruqL fm%a; jia;=j
kdro ys rkajka .;la yd W!re lgla we;s fm%a;fhla olakd
,' ta fm%a;hdf.a mQj lu uid ne g fyf;u ldYHm nq
iiqfka NslaIqjlaj ish ldhsl ixjrh wdrlaId l< msfkka
rkajka mdg isrerla we;f;la h' jpkfhka NslaIQkag wfl%daI
mNj l< mka ksrfhys nqoaOdk;a;rhla meiS ka W!re lgla we;s
fm%a;fhla bmso we;s nj fm%a;hd u lSfh'
^fm%a'j'w' 08 isg&
II. fla,d lSf nrm;, lu

kdro ys gq mQ;s uqL fm%a;hdf.a Yrh fohl=f.a n meye
w;af;ah' kuq .| yuk uqLh mKqfjda ms isrefldg l;s' fufia
ug fya;=j fudyq ldYHm nq iiqfka NslaIqjla ish lh ixjr
lr.;a w;r wdjdih .ek f,daN Wmojd fla,d lshd tys is
NslaIQka foku fNaofldg hjk ,' ta mka fkdfnda l,lskau
.s,ka ue ksrfha bm nqoaOdka;rhla meiS ka fm%a;j bmso la
k nj wgqjdf olajd we;'
^fm%a'j'w 10'msg&
IV. fndre lshd jqrd .e,jqk Wmdisldj

iej;g wdikak .ul ish NslaIQka wgkula gq mCoap mq;%
Ldol fm%a;shf.a ia;rh fufiah' weh k.akh' rEm jQ ms<sl=,a
rEmfhka hqla;h' isreka l=Kq .| yuhs' yd;ami ueiaikaf.ka
ms r eKq is r ere we;a ; S h ' weh Wfoa ld,fha orejka
49
miafofkla jod idlska fmf<k neka je mq;=ka mia fokdu lkq

,ef' ijio tfiau lrkq ,ef' fya;=j weh fmr iehdf.a
wfkla |f.a .e fy,k ,' th weiQ l, tfia fkdl< nj lshd
lf<a k fmr lS la kakshla fjdhs fndrejg jqrefh'
tneka fufia jQ nj olajd we;' fufiau weh ia;%shlf.a .e fy,d
tfia lf<a ke; hhs fndre lshd jqrd Wfoa iji orejka i;afokd
.dfka ysfldg" ta ;u orejka wkqNj lrk fm%a;shla fndfyda
NslaIQka iska olakd ,o nj i|yka f'
^fm%a'j'md,s 1-6" 1-7 jia;+ka&
V. iehdg l< Ydmh |g |jkak jQ l:dj

tla NslaIqjla lef,a flfhka ish kskao f.dia fudyq
iu is wfkla msi l:d fkdfldg wu;l .shy' iji wj jQ
miq jkfha tla fofhla ksia fjiska ;a Wmia:dk l<d' ta w;r
wiQ yd uq;%d o" f,a ierj o" wkqNj lrk fm%a;shla ;a jH
mq;%hdf.ka yshks ug wdydr fokak jia;% fokak hhs b,a,hs'
wehg fok yq,a jH i f,day njg m;afjhs' fuh gq NslaIqj
fomq;=kaf.ka ia;r weiSh' weh ukqf,dj ;udf.a | nj o
;ud oka fok g weh f,daNfhka uiqre nka fufia wdfl%daY l<
njo lSfh' tk zzf odkh f;dmg mrf,dj wiQ o uq;%d o
irej o fjd' f fok jia;% f;dmg f,day jia;% fjdZZ lshdh'
;ud oka fo ukla ,o njo | oka fok Tyqg uiqrejd lshd
Ydmfldg fufia fm%a;shla bm we;s njo fomq;a mejiqfh'
ûydfmaildr fm%a; jia;=j&
f l;d mqj;ska Tf ;hg o hula f.k hym;a
;hlau .; flfr;ajd'
VI. hym;a orejdg Ydm l< whym;a ujg jq mdlh

kla fj; iajdka jykafia .x.d k ;Srfha ish
fm%a;shla ;a Wka jykafif.ka ug meka b,a,Sh' isys,a h we;s f
. fuys ;sfnoa l=ula ksid meka b,a,;s hs weiQ g ;ud ta meka
.kakd g ta . h j;=r f,a njg m;ajk nj lSjdh' Bg
fya;=j ueh ukqf,dj bm ish uehf.a W;a;r k mq;= lpdhk
50
lu mdl
iajdka jykafiag okafok g uiqre lka fmKq uE mq;=g fufia

Ydm l<d' zzh fia Tn uf.a wlue;af;ka fufia uyKqkag oka fo
o f ish,a,u Tng mrf,dj f,a fjdZZ lshdh' tys mdl wehg
fufia fm%a;shla f.jkakg jQ nj olajd we;'
^W;a;r ud;= fm%a; jia;=j&
VII. l+g fjf<kaodg yd umshkag
myr kakkag jk mdl

tla fm%a;fhla fnd,a ysi iqrejd.kS' tla fm%a;fhla
uq.=frka ish ysi |.kS' tla fm%a;shla ish uia f,a wkqNj lrhs' tla
fm%a;shla wiQ wkqNj lrhs' fuh gq uq.,ka uy ry;ka jyakfia
wiQ lk fm%a;shf.ka f;dms l=uk m fldg fufia la kakdyq
hs weiqfial'
fmr l+g fjf<kafola ye,a ^fnd,a& r;a ye,a iu Y%
fldg fydr kq l%u o we;sj fj<|d lr lh l<miq f m<uq
fm%a;hd jQ nj lSjdh' f fjf<kaodf.a mq;a f;f ;u uj ys;
;=rkag ix.%y fkdlrkakSh lshd fhda.H hula f.k ujf.a ysig
myrla kafkah' Tyq lh fldg f lshQ fojk fm%a;hd h' ta
ujg .eiQ mq;df.a | yeu fokdgu wdydr msKsi ;snQ uia fydrg
ld miqj weiQ l,ays ;ud tfia fkdl, njo lshd bka ud iska ta
ui lEf k hehs fndrejg im: l<dh' ^jqrd Ydm l<dh& ta
fya;=fjka weh ish uia f,a wkqNj lrk f;jk fm%a;sh jQjdh' ta
mq;df.ka .= lE uj jQ ud h h foa b,a,df.k wd l, ke;s nj
lshd" bka ;shdf.k ke; hhs lshkafka k Wm Wmka ;ek wiQ
lkakshla fjdhs im: lf<' ^fndrejg jqrd Ydm lf<ah'& ta
fya;=fjka ;ud lh fldg ;a fufia wiQ lk fm%a;shla jQ nj
f;dfuda lSjdh'
^fm%a; jF:q wIaG l;d - 137 msg&
51
VIII. fouy,a,kaf.a lanr l:dj

ixlsp ys Wlg,S jS isjqre yer hkakg is idufkar
kulg f fm%a; msi fmkajk ,' uq<skau we;s jdykhlska jH
mq;%fhla hhs' fojeksj wYaj jdykhlska jH mq;%fhla hhs'
f;jeksj isldjlska fojkla hhs' ta yeu miqmi fm%a;fhla yd
fm%a;shla Mrei jpk lshka Tjqfkdjqkaf.a we o f,a ierj
fndka w;Dma;su;aj h;s' ta .f Bg l klg fmr Wmia:dhl
mjq,la jeis iq<g f.a ;a;s weo je hg miafofkla h .shy'
tk foudmshka yd mq;q=ka fofokd o tlu j o f' ta fmr oka ka
mq;=ka fofokd jH mq;%hka jQy' j ;ud ,o fldgiska wvla
fojkla jQjdh' f fouy,af,da okafok orejkag ta u .ek
wfl%daI mNj fldg fm%a;j Wmka nj fmkajd fok ,' fuh weiQ
idufkar ys ixf. njqka jvjd ry;a h'
^fm%a; jF:q md,S kd.fm%a; jia;=j&
IX. ?g fo iem oj,ag wmd l
^.oaol fm%a; jia;=j&

f fm%a;hdg ?g fo iem ,ef' oj,ag fndfyda la
kakf' fya;=j fudyq uqj jeoafolaj ish tla
Wmdil;=fulaf.a jpkh wid ? ovh lsfuka je,lS isfhah'
kuq oj,a tys fhfokafkah Tyq lh fldg oafudksl fm%a;fhl=
bmso fufia ?g iem ,efnk w;r oj,a la kafkl= jQ nj o;
hq;=h'
X. jer f,i ksYaph lsf mdl
ir rcqf.a fiajfha kshq;= tla mqreIfhla tla kl rd;%S
ld,fha muKla Wfmdai: YS,h wdrlaId fldg lhl< miq f.dia
fudksl fm%a;fhl= Wmkafkah' fyf;u wv /hla is,a /ls
msfkka uy;a im;a ,enqfh' kuq ukqf,dj fla,d lS neka o"
w,a,ia f.k wlrK ksYaph ksjer f,i is fkdl< nekao"
;udf.au msfgys uia ;udu wkqNj lrkafkl= jQ nj fm%a; jia;=
wGld:f 150 msfgys laf'
52
lu mdl
XI. nqka mqokakg u,a iqj| je,elaf mdl
;jo rc.y kqjr tla Okj;a mqreIfhla wm nqrcdKka

jykafia f.a iEh msug ;u | yd jo f,a,sh o hkak ye u,a
iqj| ,jqka je<elajQ mka l=Kq o yuk mKqjka ms uqyqK
|f.k lk w wdhqO j,ska uqyqK ks;r ;=jd, lr.kq ,nk
fm%a;fhl= jQ nj Od;=jKakl fm%a; jia;=f laf'
XII. wysfm%a; jia;=j
f fm%a;hdf.a ysi ksfil=f.a jf.ah' l| kd.fhl=f.a
jeksh' uq weu .sksf.k ks;r ,dm lshka jhs' fuh
.scql=,mf gq uq.,ka ys nqrcdKka jykafia yuq ta nj
m%ldYfldg Tyqf.a mQj luh pdf<ah' inqrcdKka jykafia
th jod< fial' fmr fudyq mkai,la wi, l=Uqrla we;s f.dfhls'
bka fndfyda ksiqka l=Uqr uevf.k mkai,g tk neka fu;=ud o
f mkai, ke;sk uf.a l=Uqr /fla hehs is;d mkai, .sKsn;a
lf<ah' f mka wfha meiS ka fm%a;j bm la kafka hehs
jod<fial' tneka i;amqreIhsks mjg h fj;ajd'
XIII. ysjg l< jrka f.kka mdlh
fmr tla fjf<kafol= ;u lvms, imfha we;s mdr wi,
tla uv j.=rla ksiqkag myiqfjka hkak ,efjdhs is;d ue
l,a.sh f.dkqkaf.a ysialn,a f.kajd f.k th f.dv lf<ah' kla
;u nEkdf.a ;%fhla fhys nei kdk l,ays Tyqf.a jia;% l%Svd
msKsi ysjg iejqfhah' miqj kej; fok ,' f fj<|df.a
nEKd l< jrog fudyqf.a ysi .id ouk ,' uef.dia N+udgq
fofhla h' fmdmdr iE msfkka f.fhka hd yels jdykhla
,enqKs' .=Kj;=kaf.a .=K jKkd l< l=i,fhka Yrfhka iqj|
yukafkah' kuq;a fl<s msKsi jia;% ijd wkqka fjyi l<
wl=i,fhka k.akj Wmka nj o;hq;=h' tneka i;amqreIfhks"
ysjgj;a wkqkag fjfyi lsula fkdflfr;ajd'
^wn ilaLr fm%a; jia;=j weiqks&
53
XIV. wOujdka yd tla is,aj;=kag mNj fkdlrkq

fmr BIHd lrk iq jQ uiqre nka hq;a mdmS NslaIqjlf.a
lSu wid tla ieyeje;a odhlfhla is,aj;a NslaIqjlg kskaod
lf<ah' Tyq uef.dia fm%a;fhl= Wmkafkah' kla jeisls<s
j,lska u;=jk fuu fm%a;hd l Tyqf.ka fufia ug fya;=j
weiQg NslaIQkag fuh lshk ,' ta ,dul NslaIqj ka fldyshs weiQ
g ta mdmS NslaIqj o ;udf.a fufylrefjla Y%uK fm%a;fhl=
isk njo ud ta Y%uk fm%a;hdf.a ysi Wv isk njo lSfh'
;jo,dul NslaIqjlf.a jpk ms<sf.k is,aj;=kag kskaod l< odhl
fm%a;hd ksiqkaf.a wiQ ld j;ajk w;r odhlhd fkdug he
Y%uk fm%a;hd ta odhl fm%a;hdf.a wiQ ld j;a jkafkah'
f moafokau mdmS NslaIqjlf.a jpk woyd is,aj;=kag ks.%y
fldg fm%a;shlaj bm ta mgq NslaIqj o fm%a;fhla bm ta fm%a;
odhsldj ysi Wv ;ndf.k wef.a wiQ ld j;ajk l:djla o olakg
,efn;s' ^fm%a; jia;= m%lrKfha .=: Ldol" .=: Ldld fm%; jF:q&
tneka i;amqreIfhks" NslaIqjla kuq Tng flfkl= .ek
fpdaokdjla l< muKska
woyd wkqkag fodia k.d wmd.;
fkdfj;ajd'
XV. idr rcqf.a 8400 {d;s fm%a;fhda ug fya;=j
Mqiai nq iufha ta fm%a;fhda mam;a ksiqka is w;r
Tjqka rcqg fiajh msKsi rc ksjfia uy i.rejkg odkh
ilikakg fhkd' f w;r Tjqkaf.a wirK orejka wdydr b,a,d
wvkakg jqKd' uq,a ld,fha i=ka j<od wjika l< b;s jQ wdydr
ka kuq;a miq ld,fha uyd irejk i|yd ilia lrk fNdackh
uy irejk je<ug fmr orejkag kakd' miqj h iel wvq
Tjqka o wkqNj l<d' odk Yd,dj o .sks ;enqjd' fuhg inkaO
ish,af,dau ksrfhys bmso la| bka pq;j fm%a;j Wmkakd' miq
ld,hl idr rcq odkhla Tjqka iemj;a l<d' n,kak
mskaj;=ks nqoaOdka;r y;la la ka luhl ye'
i;amqreIfhks" ;j lah hq;= fndfyda l;d we;;a fuys,d
fl lr' uiqre nj fya;=fjka fm%a;j bmso we;s l;d
fndfydah' th fm%a; f,dalfha la| bka pq; iuyre wiqr
54
lu mdl
f,dal j, bmfo;s' iuyre ;sika fhdaks j, bmfoa;s'

wiqrfhda fldgia myla fj;s' flfhka fm%a; f,dal fuka hehs
o;hq;='
ÔumoG l:d - ilal mCoay jF:q
&
la ug jk w;r bkamiq ;sika f,dalfha o fm%a;
f,dalfha o bm la ug fya;= f' ukq f,dj bmk g m%Odk
jYfhka my; i|yka (Lhkag uqyqK ug isf'
01' i;=ka ueu nyq, f,i lf<a k w,amdhqIal f'
02' fidrl nyq, f,i l< mqoa.,fhda ukqf,dj fNda.
jHikhg m;af'
03' lduh jrojd yeisu nyq, f,i l< mqoa.,fhda ukqf,dj
fndfyda i;=rka we;af;da jkakdy'
04' nyq,f,i fndre lS mqoa.,fhda ksia f,dj wN+; fpdaokd
j,g ,lafj;s'
05' ks;r fla<d lS mqoa.,fhda ksia f,dj ;=rka iu ks;r
fNao kak ^;ryd& jkafkda fj;a'
06' MreI jpk nyq,f,i lS mqoa.,hkag ukq f,dj wukdm jQ
lgql jQ llY jQ Yofhdau wikakg ,efn;a'
07' ks;r ysia jpk nyq, f,i lS mqoa.,hka ukqf,dj fkdu
woyk fkdms<s.kakd jpk we;a;ka fj;s'
08' u;ameka u nyq, f,i l< mqoa.,fhda ukqf,dj
Wu;a;lfhl= fyda isreKq is;a we;af;l= fyda Yd Ydjla
f;are.; fkdyelafll= fyda bmfo;s'
^wx' ks' wgl ksmd;fha odk j.fha ixp;a;ksl iQ;%h&
06' uiqre Ou mfyys wre mdl
;jo mCoap uPh ûiqre& Ou w;=ka wdjdi uPh ^;ud
jdih lrk ;ek flfrys uiqre u& fya;=fjka hlaIfhla fyda
fm%a;fhla fyda tu wdjdihdf.au li, ysiska wrf.k
yeisfrkafkla f'
l=, uPh ^l=,h flfrys uiqrelu& fya;=fjka ta l=,fha
ksiqka iska wkHhkag odkudkdh fok l,ays l
55
zztaldka;fhkau ka f l=,h ud flfrys f|kafka hehsZZ

is;kqfha f,a fyda uqLfhka kslafuhs l=i flhla fyda fjhs'
nvje, fyda le le kslafu;s' f,daN uiqre lka ix.hdf.a fyda
.Khdf.a ika;l ,dNfhys uiqre nj fldg mqoa.,sl mfNda.hla
fuka mfNda. fldg hlaIfhla fyda fm%a;fhla fyda uyd
msUqfrla fyda Wm;a'
Yr jKh fyda .=KjKh fyda mhma;sOuh ms<sn| fyda
uiqre ;udf.au .=K lshhs' wkHhkaf.a .=K lshk l,ays Tjqkaf.a
l=uk .=Khla hs lshk h h fodaI lshkqfha mhdma;s Ouh o
lsisjla ^weiqfjd;a& lshd fkdfokafka fo fyf;u jK o
Yd Yd l=uk .=Khla hs lshk h h fodaI lshkqfha o mhma;s
Ouh o lsisjla ^weiqfjd;a& lshd fkdokafka fo fyf;u jK
o Yd Yd wd jHjydr ud;%h mjd fkdfokafka cd;s M<fhda
Wm;a'
;jo wdjdi uiqre nj fya;=fjka f,daNfhka mefikakg f'
l=,h flfrys uiqre nj fya;=fjka w,am ,dN we;af;la f' ,dNh
flfrys uiqre nj fya;=fjka .=: ksrfhys Wmhs'
jKaK uPh fya;=fjka Njfhys Wmkakdyqg jKhla k
fkdfjhs' Ou uPh fya;=fjka l=lal=M< ksrfhys Wm hehs
w;a;id,skS k Ou ix.KsmamldrkG l:df 317 msfgys olajd
we;'
m l< i;ajfhda by; lS i;r wmdfhys bmso wmuK la |
h fyhlska miq lf,l ksi;a njla ,ofyd;a tys o ksjka l
msksjka mdk ;=reu wre mdl f.k fokq ,ef' ukqf,dj tfia
lu mdl fokakg fhkq l:d lsysmhla fuys olajkafk' fj
fydka k bf.k ish i;ajfhdau mdmfhka fo;ajd' l=i,
Oufhys wm%udo fj;ajd'
56
lu mdl
III. ksia f,dj mdl ka mQjlu
01' Lqcq;a;rdj odishla ug fya;=j

nqcq;a;=rdj fndfydau Ou ll ldka;djla jqjo weh
Wfoaks rc ksjfia odishls' Bg fya;=j fmr ldYHm nqrcqkaf.
ld,fha ueh isgq hKshlaj bmso kla ksjig je ry;a idufkar
f;rKshlg r ;snQ rka wdNrK fmdh ;ud iu ys;j;a neka
wrka fokak hehs lshd jev.;a mka nj o;hq;=h' ta fya;=fjka
wd;au 500 la u odishdjlaj bmkdh'
ûfkdar:mQr wgqjd - 238 msgqj&
tneka mskaj;=ks" NslaIq NslaIqka fld;r ys;j;a jqj;a
l,amkdfjka weiqre l< hq;=h'
03' Lqcq;a;rdj l= ug fya;=j

Lqcq;a;rd Wmdisldj ;rula l= Yrhla we;s Wjeishls'
tfia jqj;a Wfoaks rcqf.a idudj;sh we;= 500 la fidajrekag
Ouh foid fidajdka M,fhka ksjka iem ,nd kakdh' ta msig
Ouh b.ekau o l<dh' weh l=j bmug fya;=j fmr Okj;a
mjq,l l=udldjlaj ish uola l= mfia nqqka jykafia kula l
fl,sljg is;ska oldr lug mfia nqka jefha fufyuhs lshd
wka mjdr ldka;djg .sh whqre weo fldg ^l= wdldrh& fmkah' ta
mka weh l= Wmka nj o; hq;=h'
^wx.=;a;r ksldhG l;d 238 msg&
pq,a, mJ:l ysg isuila .; o tla .d:djla mdv

lr.kakg nejqkq fya;=j
Wka jykafia uy mka:l ysf.a nd, ifydaorhdh' me
idruila .; kuq tla .d:djl= o mdv lr .ekSug nej
wirK h' Bg fya;=j fmr ldYHm nq iiqfkys mej
kqjKe;af;la f.da, msig Ouh lshdfokg bf.k .ekSug
wmyiq kQ.;a fudav NslaIqjg ljgl lf<ah' ta NslaIqj thska
,ecdjg m;aj Ouh fkdu lshjd .;af;ah' ta wl=i, lufhka
f ;fha me kuq wkaO h' kQ.f;la h' miqj nq
57
lreKdj ksid fmr msrE mdr u;=lrf.k ry;a wiQ uyd

Y%djlhka w;r tla kula h'
Ôu moG l:d 152 msg&
mskaj;=ks" wog o iudcfha kQ.;=ka we;' f ry;a ys
kulg ys lsfuka mdl ka luhla fkdj wr mqyqka
NslaIqjlg ys lsfuka m,ka luhlaa we;' f ry;a ys kulg
ys lsfuka mdl ka luhls' tneka W.;a jQ nqoau;a jQ Tn
ys ;y lsfuka je,fl;ajd'
04' plaLqmd, ysf.a fofk;a wkaoug fya;=j

f iajdka jykafia fmr olaI ffjoHjrfhlaj ish
zzudf.a fofk;a iqj lf<d;a uu mq;=ka iu Tnf.a odishlafj
hsZZ lS tla wkaO ldka;djlg fnfy;a fldg oEi ikSm lf<ah' weh
ikSm jQ miq odishla ug wlue;sj weia fkdfmfkk nj
ffjoHjrhdg lSjdh' lreKq jgyd.;a Tyq fldam Is; is;ska oEia
wkaOjk fnfy;la .e,aug kakah' th .e,ajQ gwef.a fofk;a
iyuq,skau wkaO h' tu wl=i,h fndfyda jdr .Kka mdl f
ry;a jQ ;fha o uydmd, ysf.a oEia wkaO plaLqmd, ys hehs
m%isoaO jQ nj o;hq;=h'
Ôu moGl:d 12 msg&
05' idr rcqf.a ll=,a m,d Kq ug fya;=j

u.Odm;s idr rcq Tyqf.a mq;a jQ wcdi;a l=ure iska
isrlrjd hm;=,a f;,a Kq .s,ajd .sks f.k f,k lsys w=frka
ms<siaiqfh' fkdfhla jo fok ,' f fidajdka rcqg fufia la
ug fya;= jQfha fmr Njfhl ffp;Hh ufjys mdjyka mh,d
hEu yd b|.ekSug t merla fkdfia mhska mE.= nj iqux.,
,diskS wgqjdf iduCoaCoM,iQ;% jKkdf fmkajd we;'
06' ys jQ ku li, f.dvlg ouk ,o wirK ore

;hl fYdaldl+, l:dj
fu;=ud ls<s lu fldg j;aj k.r fidaNskshlf.a l=i
bmfkah' weh orejd ysl< kfha ms orejl= nj wid flkl=
58
lu mdl
,jd f ls le <s|dj fidfydfkys ouk ,' kuq lsisu

if;l=f.ka ysxidjla fkdh' fohka /ljrK fok ,' miqj
;:d.;hka jykafia nq weiska l tys jefial' ksiqka o tys /ia
jQy' tys f orejd fmkajd fudyqf.a wkd.; jdikdj o fmkajd
fufia ug mQj luh o jod, fial' ieje;a kqjr
fndfyda Wmdil msila tl;=j uy;a odkhla fok ,' fuh gq
uiqre mqreIfhla zzf uqvq uyKkag fjd kakdg jvd f ish,a,
li, f.dvlg f k W;= fZZ hehs lshk ,' miqj ujf.a
lSu ksid iudj f.k k 07 la uy;a le| okla fok ,' fudyq
uef.dia fmr lS fia .Ksldjf.a l=i bmso weh iska ys jQ k
fudyq li, f.dvlg u jQ nj o; hq;=h'
^l=udrfm%a; jia;=j 3 -5&
07' foudmshka iska w;yerod .sh f>dail isgq

fmr tl hl f>dail Okjf;l=j ish wNsjd;l
frda.fhka ta k.rh fmKq neka | yd tlu orejd o /f.k
.,jd .ekSug fjk rglg hEug msg;a jqKd' ldka;drhlska hkg
f.k .sh wdydr mdk o bjr laka hoa mq;= jvdf.k hkak
ne neka miqj fjk;a mqf;la yod.; yels hehs is;d orejd
w;yer oud .shd' miqj |f.a ,dmh ksid orejdkej; f.kdjd'
kuq orejd w;yer od .sh lu n,fhka Tyq y;ajdrhla u urd
ug w;yer uqjd' fmr iqkLfhla j ish jkfha nqrd
jki;=kaf.ka mfia nq flfkl=ka wys jqKd' wo o ujqmsh
fifkyi wys orejka fldf;la iskjdo@'
Ôu moGl:d - 105 msg&
08' idudj;sh we;= 500 la ia;%Ska

.sksf.k uefrkak fya;=j
Wfoaks rcqf.a w.% ufyaisldj jQ idudj;sh mjdr ia;%ska 500
la fokd o iu ud,s.h mskau .sksf.k urKhg m;ah' f
.skak we;slf<a ud.kahd k ijf.a lSug wehf.a udud we;=
msilah' flfia kuq fufia wjdikdjka; f,i uefrkakg
fya;=j fmr idudj;sh rc ijlaj ish f 500 la ldka;djka o
mjdr ia;%Ska jQjdy' f yeu fokdu kla h fl<shg f.dia
59
yjiajk;=re h l%Svd fldg miqj .sks ;emSug or wdh n,d .x

bjqf ;DK ,eyenla l tys mfia nq flfkl=ka fkdl .sks
;enqfh' .sksf.dv ueo mfia nq ys iajk g hg m;a rcq
fuh k.;aaf;d;a uy m;a f hehs fhka jOl f;kd we;sju
f mfia nqrcq fyd|gu ojuq hehs kej; .sks ;enQy'
mfia nqrcqka iuj;ska is neka lsisu wmyiqjlg m;a fkd miqj
wyiska jehdy' kuq Is; is;ska .sks ;enQ mka ksrfha meiS fYaI
mdl f,i wd;auNdj 100 lau fuf,iska f.h ;=< ysr
hhkakg jQ nj ;:d.;hka jykafia jod< fial' tneka
mskaj;=ks wl=i,hg h fj;ajd'
09' mQ;s.;;siai ys isrer l=Kq la ug fya;=j'

Wka jykafia fmr ldYHm nq rcdKka jykafiaf.a ld,fhys
mlaIs jeoafolaj fndfyda mlaISka urd l=Kka j;a h' tfiau
mshdir lrkak fkdyels fia mlaISkaf.a flKavd weg;a mshdm;a
weg;a lvd f.dv .id ;nhs' l=Kq hhs' fufia i;=kag la ka
mka iir fndfyda la | ksjka olsk wd;aufha o weg ikaj,ska
.e, le .; l=Kq tla;eka la kak jQfhah' tneka ksjka
olsk cd;s olajdu fujka mdmlu fkdlsug wIaGdk lr.ksuq'
10' fidafrhHl isgqf.a woaN+; luh

fidafrhHl isgq mq;%hd foore msfhls' kla hdjka iu
kdkak hk g uyd lpdhk uy ry;ka jykafia f.aa rkajka mdg
foay im;a;sh l rd. is;a my<fldg uqka jykafia udf.a |
fyda jkafka k uek" ke;ak udf.a |f.a isrer fyda uqka
jykafiaf.a isref meyeh jkafka k uek hehs is;Sh' ta w{dk
Is; is; iuu Tyqf.a mqreI ks;s w;=reoyka ia;%S ks;s my<
h' miqj ,ecdfjka ;laIs,d kqjrg mekf.dia tys isgq
flfkl=f.a | ore fokafkla o f,djg ys l<dh' miq lf,l
uyd lpdhk uyry;ka jykaafiaaf.ka iudj f.k kej;
mqreIfhla h' miqj mej ry;a h' ry;=ka flfrys is;k sjer
is;=,a, o lg m;alrk nj ka o; hq;=h'
Ôumo wGl;d 201 msg&
60
lu mdl
11' imamodh ys kfhl=f.a lf w;oud
kd.hd oIaG fkdlug fya;=j'
f iajdka jykafia me ;h .;lsug wmyiq hehs

l<ls ish ke;s lr.kak is;d NslaIQka .sksy,a f.hs is
kd.fhla l,hl oudf.k hk g ;ud neyer lrkakka lshd
b,a,df.k kd.hd ,jd oIaG lrjd .ekSug l,hg w; oud Wf.a
uqLfha w; u o oIaG fkdlf<ah' l,fhka jeiS ;snQ kd.hd oIaG
fkdlsug lreK ;:d.;hka jykafia myod kafkah' f kd.hd
fuhska f;jk w;aNjfhys f NslaIqjf.a odifhla h' ta neka
kd.hd fudyq tod iajdhd hhs kSf.dia oIaG fkdl< nj jod<
fial' ksiqkag fkdf;afrk iuyr oE i;=kag o jegfya'
ÔumoG l:d 417&
13' kdlhdf.a |g uqyqfoa .s,S uefrkak jQfha wehs

kla NslaIQka ke.S tk kejla ys yefhau uqyqo ueo k;r
jQfhah' mlaIdlf<ao lsis hdka;%sl fodaIhla fkdh' kuq;a kej
bhg fkdhka f ka h ' wjidkfha fuys ljq r e fyda
wjdikdjka;fhl= ld,lkaksfhl= iskafka hehs l=im;a weo
ne,Sh' wjdikdjka; l=im; ,enqfKa kdlhdf.a |gh' ;=ka
j;djlau ld,lkaks l=im; wehg ,enqKq neka kdlhdf.a o
leue;a; we;sj wehf.a fn,af,a je,sl,hla t,a,d uqyqog fh'
miqj kej mK.kajdf.k f.dvug wdfh' NslaIQka fuys mQj
luh ;:d.;hka jykafiaf.ka uiSh'
f ldka;dj g fmr rEu;a ldka;djla j ishdh' Bg wd;au
;=klg fmr wehf.a iajd mq;%hd ta ksjfia iqkLfhla h' wfyda
iir ye mQj fifkyi ksid weh hk hk ;ekg f iqkLhd o
hhs' .uq wehg f iqkLhd miafika tau .ek mo yod ys
lf<dah' ,ecdjg m;a jQ weh iqkLhdf.a .uk j,lajd,kakg
fkdyelsj je,s l,hla fn,af,a ne| fha .s,ajd n,a,d ueh' f
mka wmd.; fYaI lu f,i wd;auNj 100 lau f., ne je,s
l,hla we;sju fha .s,S uefrkak is jQ nj jod< fial' tneka
i;amqreIfhda wkQjkhkaf.a kskaodjg h ml fldg uy;a
lg m;afkdfjd'
Ôumo wG l:d - 452 msg&
61
14' .sksf.k fjk lmqgdf.a l:dj

kla ieje;a kqjr ksjila .sksf.k .sks iys; ;DK yq,la
wyig ke.=fka mshdir lrk lmqgl=f.a weg jegqks' lmqgd bka
fug wiu;aj .sksf.k ue jegqfKah' fuh gq NslaIq msi;a
;:d.;hka jykafiaf.ka fuys mQj_ luh pdf<ah' f lmqgd fmr
f.dfhlaj ish l=Uqr uevug is f.dkd fndfydau lue,s
neka fuhg lsmqKq f.dhd msre f.dvla f.k .jhd msre j,ska
fj,d msre j,ska hgfldg oafYhfka .sks ;enqfh' ta wirK
;sikd uf<ah' f ksid l< ;sika luh fndfyda wmd la
f.k kafkah' wjfYaI lu f,i ;sikaj bmso f miajk j;djg
o fufia uf<a hs jod< fial' tneka ksi;a nj ,enQ Tn fun
;sika lu fldg lg m;a fkdfjd'
Ôu mo wG l:d 452 msg&
15' NslaIQka y;a kula .,af,kl isr la l:dj

nqoaO oYKhg tk NslaIQka y;a kula w;r u tla ydrhl
.,a f,kl kjd;eka f.k ish ? .,la .e, ;a f,ka fodr
jeiqfKah' k y;la t<shg wd fkdyelsj wdydr mdk fkdue;sj
lg m;ajkakg h' miqj t<shg ;a l klska nqoaO oYKhg
f.dia tys fufia ug mQj luh l=ulahs Ydia;Dka
jykafiaf.ka pd<dy' tys f NslaIQka y;a ku fmr f.dm
orejka ish ;,f.dfhla ;=Uil k y;la isrlr ;enQ mka
fufia wd;auNdj 14 la u wdydr mdk lsisjla fkdue;sj k y;la
.,af,kl isr la nj jod< fial'
Ôu moG l;d - 453&
16' ,o im;a mfNda.lsug jdikdjla ke;s wmq;a;l isgq

ieje;akqjr isgqjrfhla jQ fudyqg Yd, im;a;shla whs;sj
;snqfKa o lsisu kl fyd| jia;%hla wekafoa ke;' wekafoa
jerye<sh' m%KS; fNdackhla wkqNj lsug fyd| r:hl .uka
lsug is;a my< fkdh' wka; wirK <skaol= fukajdih fldg
lh lf<ah' fufia fuu isgdKkag ;u im;a mjd
mfNda.lsug is; fkdkeuqfK fmr fudyq isgqjrfhlaj ish
;.ris k mfia nqrcqka l ;u |g Wka jykafiag odkh
62
lu mdl
fokak hehs lshd ksjiska neyerj f.dia kej; tk w;r u. nqys

uqK.eiS ksjiska odkh ,enqfkahs wika md;%hg t nefh' ;u
| mQcd fldg we;s m%kS; odkh l uiqrelu ksid wi;=gq h'
fudyq
odkh fokak hehs ;u | fhojQmsfkka fof,dj i;ajrla
bmkq w;r i;ajrla ukqf,dj isgqjrfhla h' odkh miqj i;=gq
fkd l<lsreKq neka miq;ejqKq neka jia;=j ,enqfKa o
mfNda. lsf mskla fkdh' tneka fuh k ;%sO f;kdj
msis lrf.k l=i,a flfr;ajd'
îx' ks' ;sh wmqka;l iq;a;&
17' mskg my< jQ Wla.ia ovqj ka l:dj

f,daNS mqoa.,fhla hf.dia fm%a; f,dalfhys Wmkafkah'
fudyqf.a msklg Wlajkhla o my< h' f fm%a;hd id msmdifhka
lS Wlaovq lvla lmd wkqNj lrhhs Wlaj;a;g hhs' Wla jkhg
.sh g tys we;s Wlaovq f;fu ke weU wjq;a f fm%a;hdg myr
fokafkah' Tyq ,dm lshka jkafkah' kla t;ekska je ys
kulg fudyqf.a ta ne.Em;a y`v jlKg weiS lreKq uid ;;= k
fudyqg Wlaovq lEug lmd.; yels l%uhla lSfh' Wla ovq j,g
uqyqK fkd Wlaovq .kak hhs lSfh' tys tfia f.k id msmdid
l ksjd.;af;ah' fufia ug fya;=j fmr wd;auhl Wlaovq hla
lr ;shdf.k Wla oKavla imka ud.fha hkg wirK ksfila
fuh l Wla .ila b,a,ka miqmi wdfh' tg fldamfhka Wla
oKavla weo fkdn,du Tyq foig is lf<ah' fufia kuq;a u ksid
Wla j;a;la ,enqfKah' kuq;a uqyqK,d f.dia Wlaovq .ekSug msk
ke;ehs f luh jodf<ah'
^fm%a; jF:q md,s - WPq fm%a; jia;=j&
18' ry;ajQfo mssksfjk ;=re l=i msfrkak

wdydrhla fkd,o f,dail ys
isukska j;a jQ l=vd orefjlaa iehq;a uq.,ka jykafia
lreKdfjka me l<d' fudyq kka f,dail ysh' ta ysg lsis
kl l=i msfrkak wdydrhla ,enqfKa ke;' ta yshka iu
jefhd;a iehq;a yshkag j;a odkh ,efnkafka ke;' t;ru
63
wjdikdjka; jqjo fmr msrE mdr ;snqKd' ta mska n,fhka ry;a h'
kuq;a odkh fnokak ksiqka f.fkk g md;%h ms odkh ;sfhkd
jf.a fmakjd' odkh fnf o tajd h,S hkafkah' j;a
ug muKla iaj,amhla b;s fjhs' msksjka mdk;=re l=i msfrkak
wdydrhla fkd,enqfKah' fuh k.;a iehq;a ysfhda msksjk
kfha m%kS; odkhla NslaIqjla wf;a tjkakg fhkd' odkh f.kd
NslaIqj th u. j<od th fkd,enqKs' fuh k.;a g iehq;a
ysfhda ixf. p;=uOqr md;%hla f.k ;u wf;a ;sfhoau
f,dail ysg th j<|kak kakd' tk ;uhs uq ; ld,fhau
l=i msfrkak wdydrhla .;a kh' f yshkaf.a mQj luh nq
kqjKska l fufia jodf<ah'
f f,dail ys ldYHm nq iiqfKa mej fydka is,a .=K
mqrka Ndjkd lf<a o ,dNdYdfjka ue ry;a ys kulf.a ismih
j,ldfhah' ;u odhlfhda ry;a ysg ismifhka i<lk g
leu;s fkdjqks' ry;a ysg fokak hehs ka lssn;a md;%h o ;ryd
is;ska .sks w=frys ,d mqiaid fh' f Is; lufhka
wmdfhys bmso wjqre ,laI .Kkla la kafoah' wd;au mkaiShlau
ms<sfj,ska hlaIfhla bmkdy' ta cd;s mkaiSfhysu nvmqrd lEfha
tlu ojilh' lEfha o .eu, f.dvls' thska miq ;j;a wd;au
mkaiShlu iqkLj bmkd' todo lEfha jukh l< n;a wiQhls'
ukqf,dj bmso fndfyda la w;r f wjika wd;aufha o
ms<sis|.;a k mgka uq m%foaYfhau lghq;= msyS .sfhah' ksiqka
ld,lKakshd ljqoehs fidhd f uj .ka o mkakd h' f;dfuda
bkakg ;ekla" lkakg n;la" fndkakg hla" wkakg j;la
hkakg u.la" fkdjQfhka lska lgu m;ajQjdh' miqj fudyq
f,djg ysfldg mhska wekak yelsfjkl,a yod ln,la mdf
w;yer h' tod isg b,a ld yefkah' n,ka i;amqreIfhks" tla
kla ry;a ys kulf.a ,dnhla je<elajQ mj nqoaOdka;rhlau la
kafkah' tneka luhg h fj;ajd'
^cd;lGl;d - f,dail cd;lh 209 msg&
19' wjqre 20"000 la uyKo l< yskula kd.hl= jQ l:d

mqj; ^tarl m;a; kd.rdc l:dj&
ldYHm nq iiqfka me jQ fu;=ud wjqre 20"000 la uyd
is,aj;a me ;hla .; l< w;r kla w=,l ke.S hkqfha tla
64
lu mdl
;efkl tre .yla ;s tys fld<hla we,a,Sh' th le w;g wdfhah'

fuys wej;la fkdjQ j o wej;la jq f ka hehs kh
fkdo;aneka l=l=ia lf<ah' Bg ms<sh fkdlf<ah' wmj;a jkg
fuh isys uyd kd.rdcfhl= bmfkah' ku tarlm;a; f' wm
nq iiqk jk;=re nqoaOdka;rhlau f ;sika wd;aufha bkakjqfka
fld<hla le ms<sh lr.kak neu ksidh' bka f,dl= jrola
lf<a k flfia ffrkak hs kqjKska is;kak'
Ôumo wGl:d 566 msg&
20' orejka ke;s isgqjrfhl=f.a l:djla

tla ;hl f isgq;=ud Okh flfrys ;DIaKdfjka ;u
fidfydhqrdf.a tlu mq;d urKg m;a lf<ah' ta fya;=fjka Tyq
ksrfhys je wjqre ,laI .Kka la kafoah' ukqf,dj bmso
;.ris k mfia nqrcqkag oka ka msfkka i;ajrla isgq ;k;=re
,eh' kuq ta lsisjrl Tyqg orejka fkdh' orejka ke;s jia;=j
Tyq u< miq rdcika;l h' kej; fr!rj ksrfhys bmks' fufia
orejka ke;sug fya;=j Wla; lreK nj jod< fial'
îxhq;a; ksldfh ;sh wmq;a;l iQ;%h&
21' rc.y kqjr iqmamnqoaO l=IaG frda.shd

kla fudyq nK wid fidajdka h' nK wid hkg w;ru. w;
je fokla wek h.sh w;r fuh wikakg ,nqKq NslaIQka
jykafia,d f nj nqrcdKka jykafiag u;lalf<dah' Tyq Wmka
;eko l=IaG frda.h ieug mQjluh o pdf<ah' Tyq ;;sid
fodf,dj Wmka nj ;:d.;hka jykafia jod< fial' tfiau fudyq
fmr w;aNjhl ;.ris k mfia nqka l ldrd fl<.eiQ mka
krlfhys bms la | fuf,dj frda.hlska ^l=IaG& fmk nj
jod< fial' tneka fuh n,k i;amqreIfhda mjg h fj;ajd'
ÔumoG l:d 202 msg&
22' fndardc l=udrhdg orejka ke;s fya;=j

fu;=ud fldlko k ud<s.djla lrjd tys m%fY ux.,a,hg
nq mshdKka jykafiag wdrdOk lf<ah' Tyq ud<s.df m<uq
t<sm;af;a mgka .gu we;s,a,la t,d fufia is;=jdZZ ug orejka
65
,ef k nq mshdKka jykafia fuh md.df.k jkd fialajdZZ

lshd' ;:d.;hka jyakfia t;ekg jev th wdkkao ys ,jd
wialrjd jefial' l=ure ta nj pd< l< Tyqg ore im;a wys
nj jod<d' Bgfya;=j tl ;hl | yd ke ke.S hoa kej
uqyqn;a wi< m;lg f.dv jqKd' tys fndfyda mlaISka yd l=re
;a;r ;snqKd' f.ug fjk l<hq;= hula ke;s neka f fom<
mlaIs ;a;r yd l=vd megjqka urdf.k wkqNj fldg j;a jqKd' ta
wl=i, luh ksid ore im;a ke;s j| ksiqka jqKd' tneka
i;amqreIfhks" f wkqj ;uka lrk lshk foa .ek uola is;d
n,kak'
ÔumoG l:d 509 msg&
23' u,a,sld foah k 07 la wmdhg hEug fya;=j

fu;=h ieje;akqjr fldfid,a rcqf.a w.%ufyaIsldj jqKd'
weh fndfya ieoE we;s w;r ks;r nK weiS' oka " is,a /lS"
Ouh lgmdv ls wd mskal l<dh' nq iiqfka tla jrla
muKla ug yels wioDi uyd odkh oy;rfldahla ho fldg
fok ,' kuq h hk g weh n,af,l= yd ixjdifha fhfuka
l< mj isys wdmd.; h' wmdfha bmk o l< l=i,afndfyda
fyhska k 07 la la | bka pq; ;=is; fof,djg bm isk nj
jod< fial'
24' frdays l=uhf.a l=IaG frda.hg fya;=j

wkqreoaO ysf.a ke.Ksh jQ frdays l=uh n,j;a l=IaG
frda.hlska fmf<kakSh' tneka weh uy;a lla kakSh' miq
lf,l fu;=h wkqreoaO ysf.a Wmfoia m ;u wdNrK <fldg
fouy,a wiqka y,la fldg nq mdfudla uy i=kg mqod ks;r mska
l<dh' ta msfkka wef.a l=IaG frda.h iqj h' f l=IaG frda.hg
fya;=j ;:d.;hka jykafia fufia jod< fial' wE fmr nrKeia
rcqf.a w. fufyish ish wkH wka;(mqr ia;%shla flfrys
fl%dOfhka li,shd m;a f.kajd iqkqfldg wef.a ksok wef|a o .d
;nd wehf.a weg o uqjdh' tu ia;%sh li,shd iqkq weg uQ l<
;ud ksok ldurh fj; jf.dia hyfka fmr<sks' tys oud ;snQ
66
lu mdl
li,shd m;aksid fokdj n,j;a jQjdh' fufia fl%daO is;ska

wkqkag l<mdl ;ud fj; ;a fyd| fkdjk l=IaG frda.hla
iE iudchg uqyqK ug fkdyels ;;ajhlg m;a jQ nj jod<
fial'
ÔumoG l:d - 607 msg&
25' l=Kavodk ys miq mi ldka;djka taug fya;=j

fuu f;reka uyK jQ od mgka ldka;d rEmhla miq mi tkq
,ef' fuh f;reka fkdokakd w;r wkHhkag fmfka' f
ldka;djla fia miq mi hk rej olsk ksiqka f;rekag fkdukd
nia lsh;s' fuh olskd NslaIQka o iAiS, jdofhka nks;s' f;rekag
tnkaola fkdfmfk neka f;reka o wka whg uqidjdka iaiS,
hehs nks;s'
miqj f;reka miq mi ldka;djla fkdhk nj o lu
n,fhka tjekakla fmfkk nj o fldfid,a rcq fidhd.;af;ah'
;:d.;hka jykafia w;S; luh jod< fial'
f ys ldYHm nqka l, fofhlaj bmso iu.sj iQ
ifokula fNao lf<ah' ta iu.s foku jk g tl kulg
leisls<s lsi lsug wjYH h' tneka le,Ejg msisfhah' ta NsCIqj
leisls<s lsi fldg tk l, f fohd ldka;d fjila f.k froao
yoka w;aj, je,s .id ouka fli| nka jg msg n,ka miq
mi wdjdh' fuh gq wfkla NsCIqj iaiS, jdofhka fpdaokd lf<ah'
fofokdu nyska nia h' fmdah lsug o reoaO jQ l< fohd ;a
;ud l< jro lshd iudj .;af;ao fmr ;snQ ys;j;alu kej; fmr
fia we;slr .; fkdyels h' f fmr wd;auhl fohl=j ish
l< mdm l%shd n,fhka wfha bmso la| ka o fufia luh
m,ka nj jod, fial'
ûfkda r: mQKs k jQ wx' ks wG l:d 146 msgqj&
26' lms, u;aiHhdf.a l:dj

ieje;a kqjr wrj;S kfhka fljq,ka msilg rkajka
u;aiHfhla ,g wiqh' Tjqyq ta rkajka u;aiHhd l i;=gqj
fldfid,a rcq fj; f.k .shy' rcq nq i fj; f.k .sfhah' f
67
udjd rkajka mdg kuqq uqLh jr l< l,ays uyd |la msgf'
fuf;u ldYHm nq iiqfka mej wjqre 20"000 la
uyKl l< flfkls' tl, fudyq ;s%msgldOd nyqY%e; Ou ll
NsCIqjla isfhah' ta mhdma;s Ouh ordf.k is nekau msjr o
fndfyda h' msjr ksid fndfyda ,dN i;aldr o ,efnkakg h'
fyf;u nyqY%e; udkfhka u;aj ,dN ;kaydfjka uevqfKa w;s
mKa; udkh neka wlem oE lem f,i o lem oE wlem f,i o
jer iys; oE ksjer f,io ksjer oE jer f,io Ou kh
jrojd lSh' tys , fmai, NsCIqyq Tyq yer uQy' miqj fyf;u
rdpdrfha fhfoka ldYHm inq iiqfka mhdma;s Ouh miq
neia jQ neka flf<iQ neka w uyd ksrfha Wmkafkah' nq
iiqfka mej is Tyqf.a fidhqre fidaOk f;reka jykafia ry;a
msksjqfKah' NsCIqKS Ydikfha mej is idkS k fudyqf.a uj
yd ;dm;d k nd, ke.Ksh fudyqf.a oDIa f.k fmai, NsCIqkag
wdfl%daI mNj fldg tu ksrfhau WmkakSh' nqoOdka;rhlau
wfha meiS miqj wfhka ;sika wd;auhla ,e u;aiHfhl=
Wmkafkah' fmr fudyq ldYHm nq iiqfk Ou foaYkd l< nq
.=K lS msfkka rkajka h' NsCIqkag wdfl%daI mNj l< mka uqka
| yukakg jQ nj jod< fial'
Ôu moG l:d - 739 msg&
27' uyd ld, Wmdil .=ld uere lEug fya;=j

fudyq nK wid fidajdka jQ Wmdil ;=fuls' kla rd;%s nK
weiSug forug f.dia nK wid WoEik for fjfyr
fmdl=Klska uqyqKq fidaoka isfhah' ? f.hla | jia;=j
meyer.;a fidre f.a yshka yqnkd l, uydld, Wjiq bfha
nvq oud mek .shy' miq mi mkakd wd f.a ysfhda ta NdKav " l kqU
f.j,a ka nK wikafkl= fia yeisfrkq hs" lshka fyd|gu
.id urd .shy' NsCIqka fuh l ksjer ksidg myr ld hhkak
u .ek lmd nq ig ie< lf<a' ;:d.;hka jykafia fufia
ug fya;=j jod< fial' fudyq fmr wd;auhl tla ia;%shla flfrys
fm%aufhka we,S weh yslr .ekSug wef.a ksrmrdo jQ iajdhdg
fndre jrola muqKqjd uerefh' wl=i, luh u;= f fha
fufia la uefrkakg jqfha hehs jod< fial'
68
lu mdl
28' iir mqre bhg hk nj
kla nK weiSug miafofkl= meKs w;r isfofkla

ukdj nK fkdweiQy' ta msi w;r tla ;eke;af;la ks lsrd
jegqfKah' tla ;eke;af;la .il w;a;la fid<jka isfhah' tla
;eke;af;la u b wka isfhah' tla ;eke;af;la wyi foi
n,d isfhah' tla ;eke;af;la ukdj nK weiSh' wk| ys wr
isfokd nK fkdwikafka ukahs weiQ l, ;:d.;hka jykafia
fufia jod< fial' " wdkkaofhks" ys|f.k ksod is ;eke;a;d
mkaiShla cd;sfhys imj Wmkafkls' b wka is ;eke;a;d
mkaiShla cd;sfhys .ev,aj Wmkafkls' w;a;la fid<jka is
;eke;a;d mkaiShla cd;sfhys jrej Wmkafkls' wyi foi n,ka
is ;eke;a;d mkaiShla cd;sfhys kel;a n,kafkls' ukdfldg
nK wika is ;eke;a;d mkaiShla cd;sfhys n%dyauKj
Wmkafkls' tl, Tjkaf.a iir meje;s mqreoaog wkqj Tjqka kq;a
fufia lr;s " hs jod< fial'
fufiau ms,skajP uyry;ka jykafia " ji,hd" hehs lshd
ksiqkag l:d lr;s' Bg fya;=j o mkaishla cd;skayS n%dyauKj bmso
isuh' ;j o ry;a yskula uyd uv jf,ka mekf.dia l=vd uv
jf,ka nei hdug fya;=j o Wka jykafia fmr wdikakfha wd;au
.Kkdjlau jrej bm we;s neks' fufiau wlSlre u" ia;%skag
/ju" fudav l%shd lsu" l<.=K ie,lS" kqjKska lghq;= ls wd
fndfyda .=Kd.=K iir mqre f,i bhg tk nj cd;lG
l:djg wkqj fmfka' fndfyda l:dj, uyfKks ka muKla fkdj
fudyq fmr;a fufia lf<ah' hkd f,i olajd we;' ta wkqj mqre
bhg hk nj jgydf.k l=i, l%shd j,u ksr;fj;ajd'
29' mkia mka jila wiQ ld j;a jQ ksfila

fudyq kka cnql wdjlhdh' fudyq k f;afrk jhfia
isg wdydr f,i wkqNj lrkqfha wiQh' fjk lsisjla fkdlhs' f
ksid foumsfhda wdjlhkg ndrks' tys wdjlfhda ;,a weghla
f.k fudyqf.a flia tl tl W.=,d oud fudyq uyK lf<ah' fudyq
k f;a f rk jhfia mgka ks jia ; % j is ;s ' jia ; %
69
fkdw;s' we|l fkdie;fm;s' uu kso;s' kla iq.;hka jykafia

fudyq isk ;ekg jev tys tla ;ekla kjd;eka f.k fudyq oukh
l< fial' tys Tyq fufia ug l< mQj luh o jod< fial'
fmr fudyq ldYHm nq iiqfka mej ish odhlhka
flfrys fndfydau l=m.j iSh' wd.ka;=lj je ry;a kulg
odhlhka meye oka isjqrelg ijla o mqod miqj flia /jq,a
nEug lrKjEfhla yd kskaog we|la o ,nd ks' fkajdisl NsCIqj
fuhg ys; ojd f.k wd.ka;=lj je ry;a ysg neK jefKah'
weje;aks wd.ka;=lh ^1& kqUg iqiq flf<hf.a n; fkdj wiQ
lEugh' ^2& lrKjEhd ,jd flia /jq,a nEu fkdj ;,a weghla
f.k flia /jq,a .,jd uh' ^3& odhlhka ka fr yeug jvd
k.akj weju jkafkah' ^4& wef|ys ksug jvd u ksu l<hq;=
f' hkd f,i .ckd lf<ah' ry;ka jykafia fudyq ;uka ksid
m lr.kakd neka fkdlshdu je fial'
tod f lr.;a wl=i,h ksid uef.dia w uyd ksrfhys
bmso wm nqoaO Ydik ld,h fjkl,a nqoaOdka;rhlau tys uy;a la
kafoah' thska pq;j ka f ksiaj bmso mkia mia jirla wiQ ld
j;aug isjQjdhehs ;:d.;hka jykafia jod< fial' Tyq fmr
;fha ry;ka jykafiag l< wdfl%daI y;ru ;ukag mdl fok
,' miqj f cnql wdjlhd nK wid is ms<sishd,dNs
uyry;ka jykafia kula me h' n,kak mskaj;=ks wjqre
isodyla msrE Y%uK Oufha l=i,hg j;a Tyq l< wl=i,h
hglr.kak nejqKd' wmdfha bms la kaod" wiQ ld k.akj j;a
jkafkla jqKd" miqj wjqre isodyla ;=< mej msrE mdr u;=
ry;a njo ,nd kakd' f ksid lu n,h ukdj f;are f.k
l,amkdldj j;aug fm<fU;ajd'
30' ,l=KaGl Noah ys bmug fya;=j
70
lu mdl
fuu ysfhda ry;ka jykafia kuls' kuq fndfyda neka

fndfyda fkd yslauqKkaf.a fl<s ljgl iup,a ls wdhg
,lajQy' ;:d.;hka jykafia kla f ys bmug fya;=j
jod< fial' fmr ldYHm nq iiqfka uy;a Ok m;Hd.hla fldg
fndfyda fokd tl;=j lrkak .sh ffp;H msxlu fu;=ud uey;a
msxlu l=vdjg lrh' fhdka y;lg yokak iQodk jQ ffp;H
fhdklg lsug fhdackd lf<ah' ta fya;=fjka fufia n,kakg
wm%ikak f,i kskaodjg iqiq fia bmk nj jod< fial'
tneka i;amqreIfhks" wkqkaf.a mskal nd, fkdflfr;ajd'
^wmodk md,sh 541 jk wmodkh&
31' uq.,ka ys fidrekaf.ka uere lEug fya;=j

uq.,ka iajdka jykafia wm nq iiqfkys iDoa,dNska w;r
w.% jQ w.% Y%djlhka jykafia f' kuq ;S:lhkaf.a w,a,ia u
ksid fidreka iska ld,iS,d mj;fha foayh yd,a weg .Kkg
l=vq lf<ah' fufia fidrekaf.a myr lEfuka kdY ug fya;=j
fmr tla ;hl |f.a fla,d wid ;u ksrmrdo foumshka
le,hg f.k f.dia urd uQ mdm l%shdj nj jod< fial'
îqoa md' ,diskS k wmodkG l:d 207 msg&
32' iSj,S uyry;ka jykafia fndfyda ld,hla

ul=i la luh
f ysg wjqre y;l=;a udi y;l=;a k y;la ul=i ysr
la ug ish' u;=h jQ iqmamdjdidj g o fu;r ld,hla
orel=i ord isug ish' wjidkfha k 07 la ore.en yria
uy;a lgql la ug ish' fuhg fya;=j iQ.;hka jykafia jod<
fial' iSj,S ysfhda fmr rfcl=j ish j, rdcHhla w,a,d
.ekSug hqoaO lf<ah' kuq ta l=vd rg w,a,d .ekSug fkdyels h'
tg rgg wdydr mdk tk ud. ish,a, jid i;a wjqreoaol=;a i;a
uila /lj,a od isfhah' kuq rg w,a,d.;
fkdyels jQ w;r ujf.a Wmfoia m ta kqjrg wdydr imhk tlu
71
Wu.o jid h' miqj rg jeishka hg;a h' tod n,h md

lrka j, rglg ka la fya;=fjka fuod fufia la ug jQ
nj o uj ka Wmfoia fya;=fjka ujgo ta luh wd nj jod< fial'
tneka i;a m q r eIfhda n,h fkdu.g fkdfhdo;a j d'
^wd>d; rEm cd;lh&
33 iqf,dau hCIhd jQ NsCIqj

nq rcqka judk ld,fhys .hd m%foaYfhys iq f,dau k
llI jQ blgq n f,dau .ia we;s hCIfhla h' kla ;:d.;hka
jykafia Tyqf. Njkg jev Tyq oukh fldg fidajdka M,fhys
msysgqjd jod< fial' fmr msrE mdr we;s fudyq fuf,i blgq n
f,d we;s hCIfhla ug fya;=j fufia jod< fial' fudyq ldYHm
inq iiqfkys NsCIqjlaj ish kla .= ud.hl meK fndfyda
vyh ;snqKs' ta NsCIqj we msis lr fkdf.k we|g ;u
we;s,a,la o fkdf.k idx>sl we;s,a, u; wkdorj we,jqKd'
jir 20"000la me o msrej;a f jro u;= vyh tk
frdau l+m blgq n jQ hCIfhla bmks' ta fha o iir msrE
mdr we;s neka u. M, ksjka iqj o ,enq fial' f i|yka lf<a
idrF:mamldiskS k ixhq;a; ksldhG l:df 233 msgqj wkqjh'
kuq;a iq;a; ksldfha ksmd;G l:df 271 msgqf fudyq fmr
Wmdilfhl= ish nK weiSug f.dia ii;= we;s,s ls,s l<
mka by; wd;auh ,enQ nj fmkajd we;'
34' Lrf,dau hCIhd jQ Wmdil ;=ud

fudyq iqf,dau hCIhdf.a ;% hCIfhls' fudyqf.a Yrh
w;sYhskau llY fiau iu o f' tfia ug fya;=j fyf;u
ldYHm nq iiqfka Wmdil uyf;la ish ydrfhys is;=re
f,i idx>sl we;s<s u w;=rd ;snQ w;r tys ;udf.a W;=re ij
t,d fkdf.k kslu jd h' tfiau ii;= f;,a iys; w;ska
;u isrero msukak hehs lSfh' tfia ii;= f;,a o mfNda.
l< neka fufia llY jQ Yrhla we;s hCI wd;auhla ,enQ nj
jod< fial' fuys i|yka lf<a ixhqla; ksldhG l:dfjys
72
lu mdl
iqf,dau iQ;% jKkdj wkqjh' mruF: fcda;sld k iq;a;

ksmd;G l:djg wkqj ii;= f;,a fkdpdrd f.k ;udf.a
wefa .d .;a mka fufia jQ nj lshd we;'
35' W;a;r k idufkarhka jykafia W, ;eug

o fifk iehq;a uy ry;ka jykafiaf.a YsIH kula jQ
Wkajykafia kla iehq;a uyry;ka jykafia f,v Bg
fnfy;la fiu i|yd jefhah' u. h l;a;la l uqj
fodajkh lroa . orejka yqnkd fydre msila uqo,a fmdh
md;%hg od .sfhah' f orejka md;%fhys ;snQ uqo,a fmdh l
idufkarhka jykafiag myr jiaildr nuqKdg fmkajd Tyq wK
m W, ;shkak kshu h' jiaildr nuqKdf.a j fmr jdy
lr.kak lshoa jdy lr fkd.;a neka fufia fkd uid W,
;eug Tyq kshu l< nj o; hq;='
Is; kS;sfhka W, ;nk ,o uqka jykafia iehq;a ysg
fnfy; flfia f.k hkqfha hs is;Sh' fuh kqjKska gq iehq;a
uy ry;ka jykafia iq.;hka jykafiag fuh okajd msi yd
t;ekg je fial' tys fufia mdl ug l, w;S; luh jod,
w;r W;a;r ysfhda foiqu flf<jr ry;a h' fmr uqka jykafia
l=vd <ufhl=j ish fldfydU l+rla f.k ueiafila W, ;enq
luh yd ;u uEKshkag fmr tl ;hl ;ry f.k" Tn ojila
W, ;nkjd" hehs l< Ydmh o hk f lu fol fya;+fjka 500
jdrhla fufia fldfydU W,a Wv khla uq,af,ys ;nk ,o nj
jod, fial'
îoaOud,xldrh 197 msg&
36 moaudj;S foahf.a ;nk mshjrla mdid

u,a msfmk msk ke;s ug fya;=j
fu;=h fmr ldYHm nq iiqkg;a wm nq iiqkg;a w;r
ld,h ;=< t;a ;hl lsg jPf.a j Wudo;a; k odishla
jQjdh' kla l=Uqfrys l=re,a,ka t,jka ish mfia nq flfkla
l meye ,| yd fk u,la mqod me;=ula l<dh' f ,|
.Kkg orejka ,efnkakd;a ta wh mfia nqka jykafia wjfndaO
lr.;a Ouh wjfndaO lr.kafkda fjkak;a u;= ;ud ish
73
ia;%Skag jvd rEu;shla bmfokak;a me;=jdh' fk u, ms mskska

;nk mshjrla .dfka fk u,a msfmajdhs o me;=ula l<dh' miqj
mfia nqka joa mfia nqkag fk u,ska ljr m%fhdackhla
we;ahs is;d kej; jf.dia fk u,a b,a,d.;a;Sh'
miqj kej;;a is;kakS mfia nqka fk u, wkjYH k
f.k fkdhkq we;' th f.k .sfha m%fhdack we;s nekehs is;d
kej; jf.dia ta u, iudj .kakd ,' fu;=h l< me;=
ish,a, m;audj;S kka Wmka ;fha M,ka w;r rc ufyaIsldjla
o jQjdh' weh ;nk mshjrla mdid fk u,a o msmqfKah' miq lf,l
weh rcqg tmd hejQ w;r ;nk mshjrla mdid fk u,a msfmk
nj o ke;sh' fufia ug fya;=j tod ta fk u, mqod kej; .;a
neka nj o; hq;= miq lf,l wE rc fufyish jQ w;r fmr ;snq
biqreu;a h kej; ,enqjdh' Bg fya;=j .;a fk u, kej; ms
neka hehs o; hq;=h'
^ ioaOud,xldrh 172 msg &
37' kSf.%daO idufkarhka jykafia pKavd, .ul wkd:j

bmug fya;=j
fmr tla hl oUj OudfYdal rcq o ,xldf fojk
mE;sia rcq o ksf.%daO idufkarhka jykafia o meKs l=Kd
f.jk mjq,l bmkq w;r tys mfia nq flfkla .s,kaj isk
fyhska ta i|yd mfia nq flfkl= meKs fidhdf.k je fial'
nd, fidfydhqrd meKs l,hla f.k md;%h W;=rd hk ;r mqod
oUj wrdcH lsug me;=fh' fidhqrka ;sfokd yjqf,a lrk
fj<|dula neka jeuy fidhqrd fuh wid ysi uqvq l<
iefvd,ka o we;' tneka fudyq meKs l,h pKavd,fhl=g
fokak we;ehs .yd lf<ah' f odkh .ek k.;a fojeks whshd
lsf kqf Th mfia nqka wmg wjYH ke;' uqyqka tf;r oudmsh
hehs lSh' miqj nd, fidfydhqrdf.a mfia nq jKkdj wid msko
wkqfudaoka h' kuq uq, fodia ke.s neka tys mdl fufia h'
Y%oaOdfjka meKs mqod oUj wrdcHhd ug me;+ nd, fidfydhqrd
74
lu mdl
ta msfkka OudfYdal wrdcHhd h' mfia nqkg ke;s ;ek kuq

pKavd, jdofhka nekak jeuy,a fidhqrd tl, iefvd,a .ula
ueo kq. .ila uq, wkd:j bmso miqj mej kSf.%daO uy ry;ka
jykafia h' kqf mfia nqka uqyqka tf;rg ouj hehs lS fojk
whshd bkah uqyqka fjka jQ ,xld ;,fha fojk mE;sia rcq h'
tneka i;amqreIfhks" ;ud lshk lrk oE fndfyda l,amkdfldgu
lsh;ajd
ûyd jxYh isxy, 21 msg&
38' iajK ;s,ld l=uh iefvd,a l=,hl bmug fya;=j

fu;=h kla uj iu. ,xldf wNh.s ffp;H jeug
f.dia u,a wiqk wmsis neka th msis lsug meka f.k taug
uj .sh w;r fu;=h ta wmsis u,a wdikfha " kuq is;
myojdf.k f.kd ish u,a mqod gq gq mqreIhka ji lrjk rEm
im;a me;=jdh' u;=h meka f.ke;a n,k l, wmsis u,a
wiqfkau u,a mqod we;s nj l ;u jg iefvd,a fl,a, hehs lshd
l< jrog fodia ke.Sh' weho ;u ujg lsmS pKavd, fl,a, k
Tnuhs lshd lSjdh' miq lf,l f j oUj uOqrd kqjr Kd
jdokh lrk iefvd,a l=,hl Wmka w;r gq gq mqreIhka ji
lrk rEm im;a;shla o ,enqjdh'
weh ,nd .kakg fkdyels jQ rc orejka miafofkla ish kid
.;ay' wjidkfha wehg o rEm im;a;sh ksidu uefrkakg jQjdh'
tneka ;u umshkag fkdneKsh hq;= w;r lrk me;= o fuf,i
;ukag;a wkqkag;a la fok me;= fkdh hq;=h'
39' le<Ks f;reka jykafia llshk

f;,a lgdrulg oud urkak fya;=j
f f;reka jykafia le<Ks fjfyfrys iq w;r le<Ks
;siai rcqf.a ij yd W;a;sh k hqj rc w;r fkdukd inkaOhla
;sKs' fuh k.;a rcq Tyq urkak fidhoa Tyq mekf.dia
ie isg ;reKfhl= ys;j;a lrf.k Tyqg isjqre fmdrjd rc
75
foahg yiqka m;la fokak hehs tjk ,' f fydr meoaod

le<Ks f;reka joa miqmi f.dia oka j<|d tk .uka foahg
.kak fmfkk fia ta yiqkam; fy,Sh' th gq rcq th f.k lshjd
lsmS fuh le<KS f;reka ,shd fmd ku w; ijg fok ,oaola
hehs is;d f;reka f;,a lgdrf ,d .sks.id urjkak ksfhda.
lf<ah'
f;reka jykafia ry;a neka tys noaO mhxlfhka isg
fufia ug fya;= jQ wl=i,h ne fial' f;reka tl wd;auhl
f.dm orefjl=j ish ls WKqlrk g ueiafil= w,a,d oud
lldrd uerE wl=i,h l fuh keje;ah fkdyels luhlehs k
tysu msksjqk fial' miqj fohka lsmS uqyqo f.dv .,d rcqf.a j
<s weh ydr uyd foah hehs reyqKg f.dv neiaidh' mskaj;=ks"
ueiail= uerE luh fu;r nrm;, k fjk if;l= uerefjd;a
fldfydu mdl foa hs is;sh hq;=h'
40' id,sh l=uref.a wdorjka;sh wfidalud,d

iefvd,a l=,hl bmfka wehs@
gq.euqKq rcqf.a mq;a id,sh l=ure ks;ru odkuh mqKHlu lsug
is; keuqKq flfkls' kuq jdy lr.;af;a w;sYhskau mshlre rE
imqjlska hq;a iQ iegla ia;%s ,CIKhkaf.ka fy wfYdalud,d k
iefvd,a l=uhla f' id,sh l=ure wehg ne fmu ksid rc iem o
w;yefhah' u;= ffu;%S nq iiqfka ffu;%S nq rcqkaf.a n%yau jOk
k tlu mq;%hd bmfokafkao f id,sh l=ureh' fu;=udf.a |
iefvd,a l=,hl bmug fya;=j k weh fmr f ,laj iqukd
kka bmso ;reKshlj ish kla b,a bysrjd wdydr f.k we;s
nj gq wef.a u;=h wehg " iefvd,a fl,a, f;da l=ula ksid f
wmsis lrkafka hs" fodia ke.Sh' tys iqukdfjda uj flfrys lsmS "
pKavd, fl,a, k ud fkdj uEkShkau hehs" lSjdh' fuys mdl
jYfhka weh f ;fha iefvd,a l=,hl bmk nj Oufha olajd
we;'
41' odil ys odishlf.a l=i bmug fya;=j
76
lu mdl
f iajdka jykafia wfkamsvq isgq;=udf.a f.or ne,fufyjr lrk

odishlf.a l=i bmug fya;=j fufiah' fmr fu;=ud ldYHm nq
iiqfka tla uyry;ka jykafia kulg Wmia:dk l< w;r kla
hlsis iq jevla f;reka ,jd flfrfh' îajdks" T;k
;sfhk fmd; wrka fokak lshkakd jdf.a& ta lr.;a wl=i, lu
n,fhka wm nq iiqk ld,fha odishl l=i Wmka nj olajd we;'
tneka meoaoka Nckh lsu fndfydau miaifuka l<hq;= jevla
nj o;hq;=
^mru;a: mkSk f:r .d:dGl:d 69 msg&
42' wVldishf.a YsIaG rEm im;a ,eug yd .Ksldjla

ug fya;=j
fu;=h rc.y kqjr wNsrEmu;a ldka;djla jQjdh' wehf.a
YsIaG rEm fYdaNdj ksidu weh ish rc orejkag mfNda.hg
.ekSug .Ksldjla fldg ;nk ,' weh fufia fnfykau mrdk
jQ ; jD;shl kshe,Sug fya;=j fufia o; hq;=" fu;=h fmr
ldYHm nq iiqfka mej ukdj nUir wdrCId l< w;r tla kla
ry;a NsCIqjlg " .Ksldj" hehs wdfl%daI l< mka ksrfhys meiS
miqj ful, fufia mrdk my;a ;hla ,enqjdh' ldYHm iiqfka
nUir /ls msfkka YsIaG rEm im;a ,enQjdh' f;ak Wmimodj
,enqfo fu;=h f' miqj iiqfka mej ry;a jQjdh'
^wmodk md,sfha wVldis f:A wmodkh&
43' id;d.sr fyauj; keue;s hCIhka jQ

;%smsglOd NsCIqka foku
ldYHm nq iiqfka fndfydau ;% l+, mq;%hka fofofkl=
me jqKd' fofokdu ;reK ld,fhysu me jQ neka .%ka: OQrh
yeoErejd' m%lD;sfhkau m%{djka; jq f fofokd jykafia fkdfnda
l,lskau ;%smsGldOd jHla; nyqY%e; NsCIqka fokula jqKd' tfiau
kh ksYapfha o w;s oCI jQKd' tl tl kug 500 .Kfka oyila
ms jr Ns C Iq k a o jq K d' tkuq wjdidkjl uys u h"
wOujd YaiS, NsCIqkf.a ,dN i;aldr yuqf ysi kukak;a
77
jqKd'
78
lu mdl
ms<s.ekajQjd'
kla iiqfkka bj;a ug iqiq YaiS, NsCIqjlg fpdaokdjla

t,a, th ksYaph lsf ,dN i;aldr j,g .scq Ouh kh
Ydia;DD idikh jid nq iiqk fkd/l mqoa.,hka rlska
w.;s.dj kh frdaj ta m%Yak ksYaph l<d' ta fya;=fjka
YaiS, NsCIqj wdrCId jqKd' is,aj;a NsCIqj y`vka mrdkj hkakg
.shdh' tod ta ,dN i;aldrhg .scq f l< wOu l%shdj ksid ta uy
f;reka foku we;= Bg mCIjQ msjr 1000 la fokdgu foksia
fhdakshl Wm; wdjrKh jqKd' hCIhka Wmkakd'
jeys NsCIqj fyauj; k hCIhd jqKd' wks;a uy f;reka
id;d.sr k hCIhd jqKd' wOujd 1000 la NsCIqka o msjr
hCIhka bmkd' f whg fmr mej ish Wjgeka l< odhl
mskaj;=ka fof,dj bmkd' f hCIhka ta lreK l uy;a
,ecdjg m;ajqKd' f uy fmdf,dj tl fhdkla . ;=kla
jefvk ;=re wm nq iiqk olajdu ta hCI wd;aufhka w;a fokak
nejqKd' kla ;:d.; Ouh Y%jKh fldg fmr msrE mdr we;s
neka f fohCIhka m%Odk msjr 1000la hCIhka fidajdka jqKd'
kuq;a wog;a hCI fhdaksfhysuhs' tneka nqoau;a i;amqreIfhda
kh ksYaphl mqoa.,hka fkd/l inq iiqku rls;ajd'
tys Tyq ta ok kej; mfia nq ysg msjd' fuhg ;ry.;a

fu;=h mfia nq ysf.a md;%fhys ;snq odkh isfldg md;%hg uv
mqrd kakd' iajdhdf.a ke.Ksh odk md;%h fok g o " ;ud f
uv msrjq md;%h fok go" ta mfia nq ysf.a uqyqfKa fjkila
fkdjqKd' fuh gq ueh lmd iudj f.k md;%h kej; iqj|
fhka fidaojd b;d hqre odkhla mQcd l<d' kuq l< luhg
mdl f,i t;=hf.a uqka | jykh jkakg jQ nj Oufhys
i|yka f'
45' iqmamsh ry;ka jykafia my;a l=,hl bmug fya;=j

f iajdka jykafia fmr ldYHm nq iiqfkys me
nyqY%e; NsCIqjla h' tfiau .sysl, CI;%sh l=,hl Wmkafkla o f'
tneka cd;suofhka yd iq;uofhka u;aj ;ud Wiia fldg wkqka
my;a fldg is;ka lghq;= l< w;r ta wl=i, n,fhka ieje;akqjr
KS ojk lk;a;j,a n,d.kakd l=,fhys bmkq w;r iqmamsh hehs
k ;nk ,' ;u ;% fidamdl ysf.ka nK wid mej oiqka
jvd miq lf,l ry;a jQfhah'
46' i;s .=;a; ysf.a Yrh l=Kq je.sfrkakg fya;=j

^mruF: fcda;sld kdu iq;a; ksmd;G l:d - fyayuj; iq;a;
jKakkd 148 msg&
44' uqka | msgjk rEu;sh

fu;=h ldYHm uy ry;ka jykafia f.a mqrdK ;sldj N
ldms,dksh f' f mPsu fha fkdj fmr tla ;hl wehg
mdl ka luhla fmkajd we;' fu;=h ;reKshlaj jdy
ish iajd mqreIhdg fjkafldg ;nk ,o wdydr fldgi ksjig
je mfia nqka jykafia kulg iajdmqreIhdf.a ke.Ksh iska
mQcdlrkakg fhkd' iajd mq;%hd thg i;=gq fkdjqKq neka Tyq
flfrys we;s n,j;a wdorh ksid mfia nq
ys md;%fhka ta oka fldgi kej; wrf.k ;u iajdhdg
f iajdka jykafia fmr mfia nq flfkl=g " f uqvq

Y%uKhd we l=Kq we;s neka we jid fmdrjd hkafkhs ys"
lshd fodaIdfrdamKh lsufya;=fhka fndfyda l,a ksrfhys meiS
ldYHm nqoaO ld,fha msjefhla ish is,aj;a Wmdil uyk "
kqU l=IaG frda.sfhl= jkafkysh" lshd wdfl%daI lf<ah' kdk
f;dgqfmf,ys ;nk ,o iqkq inka wdh o kdY lr ouk ,' tys
mdl f,i ksrfhys meiS la | ukqf,dj bmso nq iiqfka me
ish uyd l=IaG frda.hla je< we l=Kqj hfj je.sfrkakg
.;ay'
.s,ka NsCIqkaf.a iqjla ne,Sug .sh iehq;a uy ry;ka jykafia f
NsCIqj l zhdj;d LkaOmamj;a;s kdu iqlaLx laL fj fokd
laLkafiq mk wikaf;aiq fhap kF laLxZ weje;aks
h;dla ialkaOhkays fkdmeje;au jQfha o tys l o ke;af;ah h
79
fokd oYkd lugyk jodr je w;r Wka jykafia ta lugyk

jvd ry;a h'
^f:ar.d:G l:d 175 msg&
47' wdkkao iajdka jykafia fmr cd;shl

ldka;djla bmug fya;=j
wm nq iiqfkys i;suka; .;suka; ;suka; nyqY%e; w.%
Wmia:dhl wdkkao iajdka jykafia o fmr tla ;hl Okj;a
rkalrefjlaj ish mrodr fiajkfha fh fndfyda la mdl
kafoah' tod rkalre ld,fha l<d jQ mdm luh whg .sksfuka
wjldYhla fkd,nd l=i, luhl mdl jYfhka isgq mq;%fhlaj
Wmkafkah' tys l,HdK ;% weiqr we;sj fndfyda l=i, lu
lf<ah'
kuq;a fmr rkalre ld,fha l<d jQ mrodr luh whg
.sksfuka u;= thska pq;j frdarej uyd krlfha fndfyda ld,hla
meiqfkah' fndfyda la | thska pq;j mrodr lufha mdl
jYfhka uy;a n, imkak ^.e,a j,& hdkdj, fhfokakd jQ Wrk
,o c we;s tfjla fj,d Wmkafkah' thskao uef.dia oika; rg
uy;a n,j;a f.dfkla cqoaOrKh fldg ^fokqka .e .ekaf
Yla;sh ke;sfldg& .e,a wka mrodr lufha mdl | tu mrodr
luh fya;=fjka kej;;a bka pq;j je rg ia;%shla o mqreIfhlao
fkdjq kmqxilfhlaj Wmkafkah' bka o uef.dia ;;sid
fof,dj fojkla Wmkafkah'
fufia kej;;a ;=ka j;djlau ila fo|f.a mdo pdldjla
o kej; fojrlau cjk k fokag w.fufyish o bka pq;
wx.d;S rcqf.a w.fufyish l=i ms,sis| recd k rdc lkHdjla ta
wd;aufhka w;a ;;sid fof,dj uy;a wdkqNj imkak jH
mq;%fhlaj Wmkafkah' fufia mdr mqrkakd jQ uy;a
mqKHjka;hkag mjd mrodr fiajkh fya;=fjka uy;a la mdl
kak ish' tneka iir iem leu;s i;amqreIhka iska mr
mqreI mr ia;%S fiajkfhka ;u ; wdrCIdlr .ks;ajd'
^kdro ldYHm cd;lh&
80
lu mdl
48' i;aj >d;kfha wdkj
tla ld,hl idmdfudla were ;=fula u;l y;la

fokafk hehs tfjl= ueug iQodk w;jeishd yg lSjd" tjd
kdjd fn,a,g ud,hla m<|jd Yrh w,xldr fldg f.k tk f,i
lSjd' tjd kdjd ;enQg tjdg fmr bm is wdldrh ne,sh yels
cd;siaurK {dkh my< h' miqj tjd tlmdrgu iskdiS kej;
yevqqjd' fuh gq YsIHdhg tjd yd l:d lsug yels neka Tyq fuh
tjdf.ka weiq l, wdpdka jykafia bmsg ish,a, lSjd'
;ud fmr fufiau Ydjkag m%Odk .=re W;=ful= isho
u;l y;la ug tla tjl= urd tlla wvq mkaish j;djla wd;auj,
ysi is|,Sug ,la jQ njo f wjika jdrh nj l iskd iqk njo
mejiqjd' w`vkak fya;=j ka ;ud ueu ksid fuf;la .= l,la
;udg la kak isjqKd jf.a fjr nuqKdg la kakg jk nj
l,amkd l< neKs hehs lSjd' miqj were;=ud tjd fkdueref
kuq" tku fyk myrla .,lg je .,a m;=rla .e, ;a
tjdf.a fn,a,g je ysi fjka f.dia tjd uereKq nj laf'
tneka i;aj >d;kfhka je,fl;ajd'
^cd;lG l:df u;l y;a; cd;lh -149 msg&
49' cl k odihdf.a mQj luh

cd;lG l:df kdro ldYHm cd;lfha tk wxd; k
rcqf.a recd k hKshg w;S; cd;s y;la o wkd.;h ms<sn| cd;s
y;la o lSug yelsf' f recd k rc j bms isfha l,am
,CIhla mdr mqrdf.k tk ,o wko ys f' fu;=hf.a ta w;S;
Njh ms<sn| ne,sh yels {dkfhka f cl k odihd odihl=
ug mQjfha l< mdm luh l n,d lSjdh' f odihd fmr
;hl NslaIQka jykafi kulg wdfl%daY mNj l< mka nj l
n,d lshk ,' tod ta cl k odihd bm isfha uq.,ka iajdka
jykafia nj o;hq;='
81

50' idu l=uref.a umsh fom,f.a weia wkaOug fya;=j
l=, l=udrfhda iy mdld l=uh fmr ffjoH jD;a;sfhys

ksr; ish weia fkdfmfkk ksfil=f.a weia fnfy;a fldg
iqjl<d' miqj weia iqj jqjo .ssi.;a fia , fkdkay' fuh
ffjoH ;=ud wUqjg lS g l=,S fkdfokafka k weia wkaO lrj
hehs wE mejiSh' wUqjf.a ni ms<sf.k weia wkaO jk f,i fnfy;a
.s,ajd fmKqkq weia kej; wkaO lf<ah' ta wl=i, n,fhka fuys
fofokdf.au oEia wkaO jQy' ldYHm ys yd Nldms,dks hk f
fofokd fmr f idu l=uref.a udmshka oEia wkaO jQ nj o; hq;=
îdu cd;lh&
51' uyd mske;s mqKaKd l=uh odishla ug fya;=j

fu;=h ieje;a kqjr j;=r wk odis f.orl bmk w;r
mqKaKd hk ku wehg jQjdh' fmr f;dfuda miaiS is fjiaiN+
ll=i| fldakd.u ldYHm hk iEu nq iiqklu mej is,aj;a
.=Kj;a nyqY%e; m%shYS,S Ou ll fufyklaj jdih l<dh'
fndfyau Ou ll neka ckhd w;r m%isoaO jQjdh' ;u nyqY%e;
Ndjh fya;=fjka tl m%shYS,S fufykla my;afldg is;+ mka wd;au
.Kkla odishla Wmkakdh'
f fhao tfiau lu mdl kakdh' fmr uyk o mssrE
msfkka ry;a jqjdh' udkh hkq my;a laf,aYhls' " udfkda ulalfgda
wlsudfkda l=lal=frda " hehs nq rcdKka jykafia jodrd we;s m
udkh fya;=fjka jrka f' f.dvla u Wv= u wyxldr u
fya;=fjka iqkLhska bmfoa' ukqf,dj ksfil= bmk o my;a
l=,hl bmfoa'
^wmodk md,sfha mqKakd f:A wmodkh&
52' ffu;%S nq rcqkaf.a Y%S yia;fhys f.hla taug

fya;=j
fmr tla ;hl wm uy fndai;dKka jykafia rfcl=j
bm ish ffu;%S fndai;ajhka jykafia ta rcqf.a we;a.df,a
we;=ka yslaujk we;af.djd h' kla rcq wef;l= msg hoa ta
82
lu mdl
we;dg we;skakshkaf.a yo kS uo lsmS le,Ejg hkakg h' rcq

we;=f.a .uk j,ld .; fkdyelsj .il t,a,S ;h frd
.;af;ah' miqj k.rhg ;a we;af.djd f.kajd fkdyslauqKq
wef;l= irid u .ek fyd|gu fodia ke.Sh' we;af.djd lreKq
lSjo rcq fkdms<s.;af;ah'
we;= lSm kla we;skakka yd isg rd. yeisu imqrdf.k
kej; we;a y,g wdfh' miqj we;af.djd f we;df.a yslau
fmkajk ,' we;af.djd lS yeu fohlau we;d lrkafkah'
wka;sf r;ajq .sksh jq hlvhla we;d fj; tjd fuh w,a,j hehs
we;dg lSfh' we;d l ms fofk;ska we;a f.djdf.a uqyqK n,d
fifkyiska ms lslre is;ska ta .sKsh jQ hlvh w,a,k ,' tys
fyd`vh .d .sfhah' miqj jyd th w;ykak hehs lS g
th w; yefhah'
f fyd| lSlre we;d o wlSlre we;l=fuka rd.fhka u;aj
.sh whqre ieug m%lg h' tod ta lSlre we;= k ldYHm uy ry;ka
jykafia f' wkd.;fha ffu;%S fndai;dKka jykafia nq fydr
mj; mduq,g je g f ldYHm uy ry;ka jykafiaf.a foayh
mj; w;r ie ;s Y%S yia;hg f.k fmkajkafkah' miq foayh
nqqysf.a Y%S yia;fhkau wdodykh jkafkah' ffu;%S nq rcqkaf.a Y%S
yia;h w,a, mqrd f.hla yg.kafkah' tys fmr ;ud
we;af.dfjl= j bm ish l< luh ful< M,ka nj jodrk
fial' tneka mdmluhg h fj;ajd'
53' khOrhka w;r w.;ekam;a Wmd,s ysfhda

lrKjEfhla ug fya;=j
uqka jykafia wkqreoaO ys wd ihfokd yd tlg uyK jQ
w;r .sysl, YdlHhkaf.a flia /jq,a ndk lrKjEhd h' nq
iiqfka mej oiqka jvd ry;a khOrhka w;r w.;ekam;a
h' fujka jdikd .=K we;s uqka jykafia fufia my;a l=,hl
bmfka fmr w[ach rcqf.a mq;a pkaok l=ure ish kla is;
k we;= mska hoa foaj, k mfia nqka ;ud bfhys fkdkej;S
tkjd l lSmS mfia nqka jykafia .eug we;d fufyh h' kuq
we;d ksYap,j isfhah' tneka lsisfjl=g
83
fmfkkfia lsisu jrola fkdjqj o isf;a we;sjQ my;a fldamh ksid

fndfyda <s iy.; h' msh rcqg lshd mfia nqkaf.ka iudj .;a
kuq l< lufhys mdl keje;ah fkdyels neka fufia
wkqkaf.a flia /jq,a ndk lrKjEfhlaj bmk nj jodrd we;'
^f:A wmodkh&
54' wnmd,sh ffjYHdjla ug fya;=j

fu;=h Yd,d uykqjr wU Whkl wU w;= w;r
mmd;slj ûdmshka ke;sj& my< jQjdh' wehf.a YsIaG rEmh ksid
ish rc orejkag isgqjrekag mfNda.hg k.r fidaNskshla lrk
,oah' weh fuf,i wirKshla jqfKa is nqiiqk ld,fha fu;=h
n%dyauK l=,hl bmso lsmqKq is;ska ry;a fufyKlg ffjYHdjl
fuka wkdpdr we;sj nqiiqk IKh lrkakSh hehs wdfl%daI l<d' ta
mka ksrdla kakg jQjdh' oiodyla cd;SkayS .Ksldjlau jQjdh'
kmqre jQ Ihla wkqNj l<dla fuka miqj nq iiqfkys mej
ry;aj inq jKshla jQjdh'
^mru;a: mks k f:a.d:G l:d 162 msg&
55' fndfyda iajd mq;%hkag o ysufka f.dia j;a jQ

ksidg o tmd jq wysxildh
ueh kka bisodish f' wjka; rg isgq;=udf.a tlu j h'
;u ;;ajhg .e,fmk isgq mjq,l isgq mq;%fhl= yd irK .sfha h'
weh wk,ij mKa;j W;aiyjka;j odishla fuka ish lghq;=
;u iajdhdg lrkakS kuq ksrka;rfhkau ta isgq mq;%hd wehg
neK jkakSh' wjidkfha Tyq iska wehj udmshka fj; hjk ,'
bisodishf.a mshd wehj kej; uOHu mka;sfha isgqjrfhl=g
irKmdjd kakdh' ta isgq mq;%hdgo ;u ;h fuka wdorh lf<ao "
fikyi lao " uehf.a luh ksid Tyqgo tmd h' Tyq o fu;=h
foudmshka <g hefh'
miqj isgq mshd mdf b,a lka hk yskafkl= l Tyq ;u
jg iajdfldg ta isgq uefu keje;ah' uy mquhls' wfyda
luhl we;s n,jka;lu' ueh Tyqg o w;sYhskau wdorfhka"
fifkyfika ujla fukao ihkfhys fjikla fuka o lghq;=
l< kuq f ysk ksidg o weh tmd isgq ueka neyer
84
lu mdl
hkakg .sfhah' wfyda f wl=i, luhkag kskaod fjd' miqj weh

uyK ug fyda ish kid .ekSug ;SrKh l<dh' fmr mska we;s
weh uyK jQjdh' uyK k i;lska ry;a ;%soHd,dNs jQjdh'
f ry;a fufyKska jykafia ;udf.a mQj luh fufia
lsjdh' weh fmr trlp kqjr uy;a Ok we;s rkalrefjlaj ish
;reK uofhka u;aj mrodr fiajkfha fh .= l,la ksrdla
kafoah' bka jehl l=i ms<sis| bmk l,ays kdhl jrd f
l=vd jrdf.a mqreI ,l=K kdY lf<ah' fuh o mrodr fiajkfhys
la mdlhls' miqj uef.dia wkaO jq l= jQ tfokl l=i ms<sis|
ys jQ w;r tys o fcdaoaOdrKh lrk ,' ;j o mqreI ks;a;
m%foaYfhys mKqjka .id wjqre fod<yla uy;afia la kakg h'
fuh o mrodr fiajkfhys mdl f' miqj wkaO uy;afia la|
ue odishl l=i kmqxilfhlaj bmks' fuho mrodr fiajkfhys
mdl f' miqj wjqre ;sfyka uef.dia <s jQ wirK mjq,l
Wmkakdh'
.sodi k .e,a whs;s ;reKfhla yd jdy jQjdh' Tyqg ;j;a
|la h' tneka f <s l; ta | flfrys iajdmQ;%hd |jd
;udf.a jifhau mj;ajd .ekSug oafIK luh l<dh'
îajdhdg ta | fmfkk g w;sYhskau lsfmk fia lrk
lghq;a;ls& ta l< my;a wl=i,h fya;=fjka f fha weh ;u
iajdhdg fldmuK wdorh l<;a fifkyi lajQj;a odishla fuka
ish jevm, l<;a fyd|la k wikakg fkd,enqKs' weh ish
iajd mq;%hkag tmd jQjdh' mdf b,a lka .sh ysk ksidg mjd
tmd h' tneka i;amqreIfhks lufha we;s nrm;,lu f;are
f.k w;sYhskau mfriaika wl=i,a fkdfldg j;a fj;ajd'
^f:a .d:d - p;a;d,Si ksmd;h- bisodiS f:ah &
56' wkqkaf.a jeisls<s msisfldg

j;ajk wirK iqkS;f.a mQj luh
fu;=ud fmr tla ;hl oldr l=vd <ufhl=j ish
kla mfia nq flfkla l " fudlo Tn jykafia ;=jd,ldrfhla
jf.a uq isreru fmdrjdf.k msKavmdf;a hkafka@ fudlo Tn
85
jykafiag neo lDIslu wd /lshdjla fldg j;afjkak@ bka

Tng fudkj;a nek wkqkaf.a jeisls<sj, wiqj;a weo j;ajk
tlfka ;sfhkafka" lshd lshk ,' fuys mdl jYfhka ksrfhys
meiS miqj fndfyda wd;au ish .Kkla wkqkaf.a jeisls<sj, wiQ
wk mqoa.,fhlaj j;a jkakg isjqKd'
wm nq iiqk ld,fha o rc.y kqjr wkqkaf.a jeisls<s msis
lrk wirKfhla bmkd uyd ldreKsl nqrcdkka jykafiaf.a
lreKd ,g yiqj fmr mdr we;s fu;=ud me l< w;r fkdfnda
klska oiqka jvd ry;a T!ri mq;% W;=ul= jqKd'
^mruF: mkS k f:ar.d:G l:d 540 msg&
57' fuda>rdc ysf.a l=IaG frda.hg fya;=j

wm nq iiqfkys r isjqre orK NsCIqka w;r w.;ekam;a jQ
f ysfhda Wm; ,nd isfha rc l=,hlh' iShdf.a wejEfuka
rch' kuq uy;a jQ l=IaG frda.hlska la neka rc iem o ysia
tlla h' ^wdfrda.Hmrud ,dNd- ksfrda.S lu mru ,dNh f&
tneka fuda>rdc hehs m%isoaO h' miqj iiqfka mej ry;a h' f
uyd l=IaG frda.hg fya;=j k mshqu;=rd nqiiqfka me ishoS
wdik Yd,djl .sks ;eu f' ta fya;=fjka wjqre odyla ksrfha
meiqk w;r wd;au mkaiShlu Wiia l=,jf;la jqK;a Wm;skau
Yrfha ,m le<e,a ^Wmka ,m& fndfyda we;af;la we;' f mPsu
fha o jd; frda.hlska uyd la f.k we;'
^wmodk md,sfha 540 jk wmodkh&
58' on u,a, mq;a; ys

wuQ,sl fndre fpdaokdj,g ,lajqk fya;=j
on u,a, mq;a; ys i;a wjqre fha meje ry;a jQ w;r
Wmka od isg isysfkkq f:Qk Oufhys fh ke;' kuq fu;a;shd
fufyK ;ud IKh lf<a hehs nq rcqka yuqf mjd fndre fpdaokd
lf<ah' ij. NsCIqka o fndfyda NsCIqka ueo ,dul yeis inkaOj
fnfyda fpdaokdjka t,a, lf<ah' tfia wN+; fpdaokd j,g ,laug
fya;=j uqka jykafia fmr miaiS nq iiqfka msis is,a we;s NsCIqka
kulg Wkajykafia msis NsCIqjla
86
lu mdl
hehs k ko wuQ,sl fpdaokdjla fldg kskaod l< neka nj

wmodk md,sfhys laf'
by; lajQ ish wre lufhda Y%djl Y%dld Wjiq
Wjeishkag mdl ka tajdh' ;=kaf,dalhg msysgjkakg f,dj my<
jod< Ydka;s kdhl nqrcdKka jykafiag o l< lufha
mdlfhka f isug fkdyels nj o;hq;= fuka nqrcqkaf.a u;=
mdl fok luho tnkaols'
59' uyje,s .fys lsUqf,l= jQ uyd jdpld, Wmdil ;=ud

fu;=ud is,l wka;r .x.d k .fuys iq w;r nq iiqfka
meye odkd msxl lrka fidajdka jk is;ska ;sia wjqreoaola
oaj;a;sxidldr luia:dkh jevq mske;af;ls' tfia Ndjkd lf<a o
mdr fkdms we;s neka yd jrojd l< neka wdf,dal ud;%hl=
fkd,nk ,' nq iiqk ffkhH_dksl fkdjk neka fYaIhla
,nkak fkdyels hehs jrojd jgydf.k igq .;af;ah'
urKdikakfha f igq woyi isysh'
f fya;=fjka uyje,s .fys kj bianla muK . we;sj
thg i,k uy;a Yrhla o we;s uy;a lsUqf,laj Wmkafkah' f
lsUq,d kl wdydr fidhd lid f;dgg meKsfhah' tk .,age
msrjQ .e,a iegla .ska tf;rg weo hk .j iuQyhd lr;a; iys;j
.s,sk , ' kuq l=i.skak ixis|jd.; fkdyels h' wm nq iiqfka
fmkajd we;s jer w;r f,dl=u jro k igq .ekSu f' fuh
mxpdkka;l luj,go jvd > ld,hla uy;a la ug jk
luhls' tneka ksjk olajdu igq .ekSula wm w;ska
fkdfj;ajd hehs m%d:kh lruq'
^Nx.G l:d ufkdar: mqrKs wgqjdj ioaOur;akdldrh - 162
msg&
60' wdorfha ji;ajhg f.dia kegqlaldrfhl= jQ

W.a.fiak isgq mq;%hd
rc.y kqjr W.a.fiak isgq mq;%hd kla kD;H ikaoYkhla

ne,Sug .sh w;r tys kD;H olajkakdjQ kdldjla flfrys is;
nefka mQj fifkyila u;=fuks' ksjig .sh isgqmq;%hd weh
87
;udg jdy lr fokak hehs udmshkaf.ka weho isfha

wdydr jckhlao fldgh' foudmshka mq;= is; fjkia lsug
W;aiy .;a kuq ta ish,a, ksYaM, h' miqj ta kdldj jdy
lrug ;SrKh lf<ah' bkamiq weh jdy lr fok ,' kuq
isgqmq;=f.a kelug is jQ jdyhla neka tu kdldj kD;H
laug hk hk ;ekg wehf.a mkaishla msi yd isgqmq;=g o hkak
is h' isgq mq;%hd lsis kD;Hhla laug fkdokakd neka
Tjqkaf.a nvqfmd we wdh o lrkakg ish'
ld,hdf.a wejEfuka tla mqf;l= ,enqfKah' kdldj tu
l=vd mq;= k,jk g nvqfmd wkakdf.a mq;d kdvd bkak wd
wekqmo lshkq ,ef' ka mSvd isgqmq;a ;udo kD;H laf
Ydia;%h bf.k f.k oCIfhl= h' miqj kla rc.y kqjr w;s
Yd, ck ikaksmd;hla yuqf isgqmq;%hdf.a Ys,am laula h' isgq
mq;%hd yeghka Wi WK.ila u; Ys,am olajkakg h' ;:d.;hka
jykafia o uyirejk msjrdf.k t;ekg jefial' nqoaO
wiaGdkh wkqj ish,af,dau isgqmq;%hdf.a Ys,am lau yd fkdn,d
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafi foigu fk;a fhduq lf<dah' tys isgq mq;%hdg
;ud W.;a Ys,amh .ek uy;a l<lsula we;sh'
miqj fuh gq Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia uq.,ka iajdka
jykafiag wudOuh foaYkdfldg jod< fial' foiqu fl<jr iQ
wiqoyila m%dKskag OudNsiuh h' isgqmq;= o yeghka WK .i
uqfkau isms<sishd ,dNS uyry;ka jykafia kula jQfh' miqj
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia yuqjg meK me h' kdgHdx.kdho uf.a
iajdhdf.a j;au hfiao uf.a j;au o tfiau hehs lshd
mej ms<sfj;a mqrd ry;a jQjd' ry;a ug mske;s f fom< fufia
kD;H olajk kdldjla yd kegqfjla ug fya;=jQ mQj luh ta
Nd.H j;=ka jykafia yuqf wid jod< wjia:df th jod< fial'
w;S;fha ldYHm nqrcdKka jykafia msks l, Y%S Od;=
ksoka fldg rka ffp;Hhla bl< w;r thg w;ajev ug f
fom< o hdkdjl ke.S fndfyda wdydr mdko we;sj hkakg jQy'
w;r u. msKavmd;fha yeisfrk tla ry;a yskula l odkhla
ug is;la h' miqj ldka;dj tu iajd mq;%hd ,jd iajdka
88
lu mdl
jykafiaf.a md;%h f.kajdf.k md;%h mqrjd odkh fnod fofokd

iu. f;reka fj; f.dia fuh mQcdfldg fofokdu m%d:kdjla o
l<y' iajdks Tn jykafia h Ouhla wjfndaO lf<a k f msk
wmgo ta W;== OudjfndaOh mssKsiu fya;= fjdhs lshdh'
f ry;a f;reka jykafia ta me;=u bgqjk nj jeiska k
isky my< l<y' fuh gq ta ldka;dj iajdhdg fufia lsjdh' "
iajd mq;%h wmf.a wdhka jykafia iskd my< lf<ah' ^we;e g&
tla;rd kegqlaldrfhla h yels hehs " iajdhd o " fidr tfia
h yels hehs" lshka fofokd msg;a jQy' ld,hla j;aj wdhqI bjr
j miq lh fldg f.dia l< mska u;= fof,dj bmso wmuK fo
iemlg ,dNS jqfjdah' wm nq iiqk ldf,ha fof,dka pq; wjq;a
tu ldka;dj fmr ry;aysg l< fodaIdfrdamKh u;= kegq olajd
uqo,a Wmhd j;ajk ;ekl WmkakSh' mqreIhd isgqf.orl
Wmkafkah' kuq Tyq tod " fidr tfia h yels hehs" thg m%;s
jpk ka neka ueh yd fmr fifkyiska tl;=j kegqfjlaj ta ta
;ek hkakg isjQ nj Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia fmkajd jod< fial'
tneka wka whf.a jer fpkhg fkdf.dia ye jpku l:d
lrkak wIaGdk lr.ks;ajd'
61' Wmkaodu .fa mdlr uq

lsle <sf|l=f.a wNsudkj;a l:dj
wl=i, luj, wfidaNk mdl;a l=i, lu j, fidaNk
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mskaj;=ks" fmr wE; w;S;fha ldYHm nqkaf.a msksfuka miq
nqrcqkf.a tal>K Od;= ksoka fldg fhdkla Wi ffp;H lrk
iufha uyry;ka jykafia kula ffp;Hhg r;arka iudo
lrka tla rkalrefjlaf.a ksfjilg jefhah' fug rkalre
;u Ndhdj iu. l<y lrka is neka f;reka jykafia
Tn,df.a ffp;Hhg jev ksuu i|yd rka fkdfmdfydkd nj
u;la l< g Ndhdj iu. ;snqKq fldamfhka kqU jykafiaf.a
Ydia;DDka jykafia c,fha oud hkak hehs lSh'
89
ta fudfydf;a ;u Ndhdj ud flfrys fldam jqKs k ug

fkdnek nqrcdKka jykafia,dg ffjr lsu^fodia lsu& jer nj
lS miq" rkalre ixf.hg m;a f;rekaf.ka iudj b,a,Sh'
nqqrcqkaf.ka thg iudj .kak hehs lSg l=ula fldg flfia
iudj .; hq;=hs weiQ g rkska u,a fmdl=re ;=kla fldg
ffp;Hfhys ksOka fldg f;;a jQ flia we;sj iudj .;hq;= nj
u;lafldg jefial' miqj rkalre" rkska u,a idoka ;udf.a
mq;=ka ;=kafokdf.ka jeuy mq;dg ta i|yd Wojg l:dl<
kuq;a Tyqf.ka ,enqfKa ;d;af;a Tn l< jro Tnu n,d.kak
lshdh' fojeks mq;d;a le|jd lS kuq;a lsisu hym;a m%;spdrhla
fkdh' Tyqo fmr fiau lSfh' umshkag wdorh we;s ;=kajk
mq;dg u;la l< muKska ms<sf.k umshka Wmka lD;H orejkag
ndrhs fkao is;d mshdg iyh fofokd iu. u,a fmdl=re ;=kla
idod Od;= ksOka fldg iudlr .;af;ah'
mskaj;=ks" fufia fudyq nqka j;=f oukak lS mka
y;ajdrhlau ysjqKq ld,fhau c,fha ouk ,oafoah' wjidk wd;au
Njfha wm inq rcqkaf.a ld,fha nrkeia kqjr tla
isgql=udldjla l=i uka;% n,fhka wyiska hk tla cdOrfhla
ksid ms<sis|f.k fydr ryfiau oi uila wejEfuka fuf,djg
ysfldg ;u odishla iu. idlPdfldg w;a Ndckhla f.kajd
f lsle orejd .eu, mjd fkdfidaod tys oud thd ukdfldg
jid u,aud,dj,ska irid ;ukaf.a Ndrhla Tmamqlsula hehs odish
,jd fkdfy,aufka .fa mdlr yehd' wo iudcfha wmg
fkdkqj;aj fun foaj,a fudk;r fjkjdo@
flfia fyda f mPsu Nl lslehd . my< kdka is
ldka;djka fofofkl=f.ka tlaflfkla ,ndf.k orejd fidaod
msis fldg fmdaIKh l<dh' flia lrle .eg.eiS ;snqK ksid
c, lshd ku ;enqjd' f ldka;dj uyd lpdhk uyry;ka
jykafiaf.a Wmia:dhsldjla neka Wkajykafiag uyK lrkak
lshd l=vd jhfiau mQcd l<d' uy ry;ka jykafia f orejd l=vd
nekq;a uy;a im;a k mq[a[jka;fhla ksido le|jdf.k
f.dia fjk Wmia:dhl l=,hlg fmdaIKh lrkak lshd ndrl,d' ta
ksjfia ysshka o wdorfhka /ln,df.k orejdf.a mska uysuh
lreKq iys ; j kf.k ;uka f .a l= u hj fudyq g
90
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fudyqg mq;%hka ;sfofkl= h' ta orejka je hg m;ajq miq
mef woyiska hq;=j ta mq;=ka le|jd rka oKav we;s jr ;,hla
iys; W,a,la fogqmq;dg rka mj;fhka rka msvla f.akak lshd
lSfh' fogqmq;= W,af,ka rka mj;hg myr kak;a .,lg
.eiqjdla fuka h' fofjks mq;do tfiau msg;a l< kuq;a rka
fkdlemqK neka nd, mq;d msg;a lf<ah' n,kak mskaj;=ks fmr
;d;a;dg rkau,a yod ffp;Hhg mqcdlsug iydh jQ neka yhg
ue f.dvlg .ikakdla fuka r;arka lems lems hkak mgka
.;af;ah' jeuy,a fidhqrka fofokd fmr rkau,a yeug iydh
fkdjq neka Tjqkag rka ,nd.ekSf Yla;shla fkdh'
ta fudfydf;a orejka ;=kafokd le|jd f rka mj;h
kqU,d i|yd my< fkdjqfh' udf.a iy nd, mq;df.a mskg my<
jqjls' ta ksid u,a,s;a iu. tlg mfNda. lrkak hehs ndrfldg wm
nq iiqfka me w.% wuduy ksjdK Od;=j wjfndaO lf<ah' ta
ksid i;amqreI orejka ;u foudmshkaf.a lghq;= fndfydu
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fkdflfr;ajd'
62' wiS; .=Ke;s uyd m%{d iud inq rcdKka

jykafiago mdl ka lu fod<y
oYn,Od nqrcdKka jykafia g o mQjfha lrk ,o lu
fod,yla fuf,dj mdl ka nj kla ysud,fha wfkda;ma; ,
wi, 500 la NsCIqka yuqf jod< fial' mqn lu msf,da;sl
wmodkhg wkqj ta fufiah'
01' iqkao mndldjf.a ydr ia:dkhg tkhk .uk
fya;=fjka
Yd, wmjdohla ke.=kd' Bg fya;=j fmr
uqk,SOq;lj ish irN k mfia nqrcqka g l<
fodaYdfrdamKh nj o; hq;=h'
91
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02 fmr f,dj my< jQ indNsN+ k nqrcqkaf.a kkao k

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fhkd' ta fya;=fjka iir fndfyda lg m;ajqKd' f
idrixfLhH l,am ,CIhlg;a fmr lrk ,o luh nqnj
,ndo nvore wudf.a fjia.;a x udkldj fya;=fjka
my;a jQ wmjdohlg ,lajqKd'
08
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fmr fljq,a mjq,l bm ish ;u {d;Ska fndfyda udka
f.dvod ;sfnkjd l i;=gq iskd my< l< mdmh nj o; hq;=h'
tod ta uiqka uerE ish {d;Ska f fha o {d;Ska bmkd' ta
ieug ta m%dK>d; luh mdl u f,i vqVN l=ure w;ska
hhkak jqk nj olajd we;'
03 miq ld,hl iqkao mndldj urd u,a wiqk , j<,d

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t<sjqKd' flfia kuq;a f kskaodjg fya;=j fmr NSu k
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09 ;=kaf,dalh mqrd me;=rek odhl Wmia:dhl Y%djl Y%dld

msila we;s ;:d.;hka jykafiag fodf<diajk jiald,fha
tla n;a weghl= fkd,e .shd' wYajhkag fok hjyd,a j<|<d
j;afjkak jqKd'fufia ug fya;=j fmr Mqiai nqrcdKka
jykafiag " Tn jykafia f m%Ks; we,a yd,a j<|kjdg jvd
fyd|hs hjyd,a je<jd k " lshd fodia ke.+ mdmh nj o; hq;=
04 uy fndai;dKka jykafia fmr jia;= f,daNh ksid ;u fidhqrd

lkaolska my<g ;,a lr .,la o fmr<d urd uqfh' ta
fya;=fjka iir fndfyda lg m;a nq jQ ;fha o foo;a
f;r .,la fmr nj o; hq;=h'
10
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11
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12
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94
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lu mdl
KARMA VIPAKA
m<uq uqKh 2002'05'26
w<yfldka ue;sKsh m%Odk msi
fojk uqKh 2003'01'07
w,aia ue;s;=ud m%Odk msi
i;amqreIfhks" Tn lsisfjl= fkdfjfyik uq f,djla

ikyk oE;la we;af;l= jkak' tnu wysxidjd fomd hq.auhla
we;af;l= jkak' ;u fofk;ska wkqka fkdrjgkak' wkqka
fkdojkak' uq f,djla ikyk fofk;la we;af;l= jkak' Tn
foijk fkdu.g fkdfhdokak' iqu.g fhdojkak' lh ixjr lr
.kak' ks;ru Tn l;dlrk jpk ksjer hs is;kak' hym;a jQ
iEu is;a ksjk ikik jpku l;d lrkak' Th is; fkdu.g
fkdfhdokak' iqu.g fhdokak' odka; jQ Ydka; jQ ixjr jQ ixiskd
jQ iqjm;a jQ ukila we;af;l= jkak' lsis lsisk my;a is;=<s
fkdis;kak'
isjk uqKh 2008'10'25

t't,a't'we'.=KjOk ueKsfla m%Odk msi
mskaj;=ks" u,la jqK;a meyeh muKla ;snqKdg u' oi;

me;sfrk iqj| o ;su jeo.;a' tfia Tno ,iaik iqj|j;a u,la
jf.a .+Kfhka kqjKska fy ksfil= jkak' mskaj;=ks" f,dalfha
.iafld,ka ;snqKg ika .ia fndfydu wvqhs' tfiau fkdfhla
mdIdK we;;a ueKsla .,a fndfydu wvqhs' w,s we;=ka ish;a .cuq;=
;sfnk we;=ka fndfydu wvqhs'
y;ajk uqKh 2012'03'07

u> udKjl l,HdK ;% ixiofha ish`M msi
mskaj;=ks" f jf.a ;uhs f,dalfha ksiqka ishdg l<.=K

okak my;a jev fkdlrk wkqkag la fkdfok yekq is;a we;s
ksiaiq fndfydu wvqhs' i;amqreIfhks" Tn .ia w;r ika .ila
jf.a' we;=ka w;r .cuq;= ;sfnk wef;la jf.a" uqjka w;r lia;=
;sfnk uqfjla jf.a" mdIdK w;r nenf,k ueKslla jf.a"
.=Kfhka kqjKska hq;a wkqkag la fkdfok id ckhdf.a wdor
f.!rjhg ,la jQ udkj ys;jd ohdkqlms; ksfil= jkak
wIaGdk lr.kak' Tn ieu fokdgu iud inq irKhs'
zzrx ;sG;= ioaOfuda iud inqoaO idikx
i;x iud.fuda fyda;= hdj ksndk m;a;shd"ZZ
f;jk uqKh 2003'08'05

m;sr;ak ue;s;=ud m%Odk msi
miajk uqKh 2010'03'04

fla' ' iqq;a ms%hka; we;=`M m%Odk msi
yhjk uqKh 2010'05'10
wgjk uqKh 2012'10'30

zz,dN Wmojk ms<sfj; wfklls' ksjkg
mefKk ms<sfj; wfklls' nqoaO Y%djl NslaIqj
fuh fYaIfhka k wOdl ,dN i;aldrh
flfrys i;=gq fkdjkafkah' ^ldh";a;"Wm&
flh jvkafkah' taldka;fhka Ndjkdfjka
kqjK Wmhs' Ndjkdf fkd fhfuka kqjK
jekfihs' jeu yd ydksh msKsi jk f fou`.
k kqjK jefvk fia ;u msysgqh hq;=hZZ
Ôu moh - 75282&

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