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2. In the United States about two-thirds of a ton are generated for each person (including children). Compared to the
US, Japan and Europe generate about half that amount. One of the factors that probably does not contribute to this
difference is
A. the US collection and dumping processes mix and crush everything together so separation is not possible.
B. the fact that Japan is an island with limited space.
C. the high rate of recycling in Japan.
D. that people in the US have a higher standard of living than Japan and Europe.
E. All of these probably contribute to the difference in the waste stream.
Answer: D
Question Classification: Comprehension
4. Motor oil can be toxic at concentrations of only 1 part per million, which means that __________ of fresh water.
A. 1 quart of oil can pollute 1 million gallons
B. 1 liter of oil can pollute 4 million liters
C. 1 barrel of oil can pollute 1 million gallons
D. 1 quart of oil can pollute 1 million quarts
E. 1 liter of oil can pollute 1 billion liters
Answer: D
Question Classification: Comprehension
Answer: C
Question Classification: Knowledge
7. In the case of sanitary landfills, the cost of disposing wastes is _____ as technology provides safer alternatives.
A. slowly increasing
B. slowly decreasing
C. staying relatively stable
D. sharply increasing
E. sharply decreasing
Answer: D
Question Classification: Knowledge
8. If less-developed countries can make money while more-developed countries can rid themselves of waste, why
would opponents be against exporting wastes from developing countries?
A. Local people in the developing country probably do not know what is in the waste.
B. People in the developing country may not have the resources to test for toxic materials in the waste.
C. The practice can involve corrupt government officials who allow the wastes to be dumped illegally.
D. The waste that is being exported contains unwanted materials or it would not be exported.
E. All of these are reasons opponents are against exporting wastes from developing countries.
Answer: E
Question Classification: Comprehension
9. Many states, countries, and corporations dispose of their waste overseas because it is
A. more convenient.
B. the safest method.
C. extremely cheap.
D. the only possible method.
E. the best way environmentally.
Answer: C
Question Classification: Knowledge
10. The main method for disposing of municipal wastes in the United States is ___________ while _____ is the
main method in Japan.
A. incineration, recycling
B. recycling, landfilling
C. landfilling, recycling
D. landfilling, incineration
E. recycling, incineration
Answer: C
Question Classification: Knowledge
13. Refuse-derived fuel has _______ energy content than raw refuse, but requires energy ________ before burning.
A. a higher, enrichment
B. a lower, enrichment
C. about the same, enrichment
D. a higher, to sort
E. a lower, to sort
Answer: D
Question Classification: Comprehension
15. Which of the following is not a major toxic pollutant produced by incinerators?
A. dioxins
B. lead
C. cadmium
D. aromatic hydrocarbons
E. All of these are produced by incinerators.
Answer: D
Question Classification: Knowledge
17. One of the sources of dangerous heavy metal emissions is from incinerating
A. plastics.
B. bleached paper containing chlorine.
C. residue from household cleaning products.
D. aluminum foil.
E. batteries.
Answer: E
Question Classification: Knowledge
18. Using a refillable beverage container (returnable bottles) would be an example of __________ materials.
A. reusing
B. recycling
C. reducing
D. redefining
E. None of these.
Answer: A
Question Classification: Knowledge
20. Which of the following represents the three Rs of waste disposal in descending order of energy expenditure?
A. reuse, reduce, recycle
B. reduce, recycle, reuse
C. recycle, reuse, reduce
D. reuse, recycle, reduce
E. recycle, reduce, reuse
Answer: C
Question Classification: Comprehension
28. In order to find specific information about toxic materials in your neighborhood, you would consult the
A. National Priority List.
B. CERCLA.
C. Maximum Contamination Levels (MCLs).
D. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).
E. Toxic Release Inventory.
Answer: E
Question Classification: Knowledge
29. If the land around your home was designated as a priority site under CERCLA,
A. you would consider yourself a fortunate person because of the federal dollars that would soon be available.
B. you should prepare to move because you live on a leaking, abandoned hazardous waste site.
C. you might expect to see people protesting outside your home because of the loss of endangered and threatened
species caused by construction in your neighborhood.
D. you will have to pay to improve your sewage treatment system because of the release of nutrients.
E. you will have to pay for expensive emission testing for all of your automobiles, any boats, and your lawnmower.
Answer: B
Question Classification: Comprehension
Answer: D
Question Classification: Knowledge
31. A brownfield is
A. the area and property extending 200 meters around a landfill.
B. contaminated property that is not used to its full potential because of real or suspected contamination.
C. property contaminated by a sewage treatment plant.
D. property that was formerly contaminated and is now safe enough to be used for housing developments.
E. property within city limits that is used heavily but may be contaminated.
Answer: B
Question Classification: Knowledge
32. The questions of ____ and _________ are among the biggest problems in cleaning up hazardous waste sites.
A. liability, degree of purity required
B. appropriate technology, location
C. appropriate technology, liability
D. degree of purity required, appropriate technology
E. location, cost
Answer: A
Question Classification: Knowledge
$350,000
$250,000
$150,000
$50,000
White
Areas
Minority
Areas
High
Income
Low
Income
35. According to the graph above, penalties imposed in high-income areas are about _________ as low-income
areas.
A. six times as much
B. three times as much
C. twice as much
D. one half as much
E. the same
Answer: E
Question Classification: Analysis
36. According to the graph above, penalties imposed in white areas are _________ as minority areas.
A. more than three times as much
B. about three times as much
C. about twice as much
D. about one half as much
E. about the same
Answer: A
Question Classification: Analysis
37. Using the data provided in the graph above, what factor most determines the dollar amount of penalties imposed
for CERCLA?
A. Income
B. Race
C. Class
D. Income and Race
E. Income, race, and class
Answer: B
Question Classification: Analysis
39. According to the Household Disposal Guide, what is the best way to dispose of your aerosol cans (hairspray,
Lysol, spray starch, etc.)?
A. Dispose of empty in the trash.
B. Save and bring to a hazardous waste collection site.
C. Flush with plenty of water in the drain.
40. According to the Household Disposal Guide, what is the best way to dispose of antifreeze?
A. Dispose of empty in the trash.
B. Save and bring to a hazardous waste collection site.
C. Flush with plenty of water in the drain.
D. Flush with plenty of water in the toilet.
E. Recycle.
Answer: D
Question Classification: Knowledge
41. According to the Household Disposal Guide, which of the following materials should never be disposed of in a
drain or toilet?
A. Permanent wave lotion
B. Hair relaxer
C. Solvent-containing products.
D. Antifreeze.
E. None of these should be disposed of in the drain or toilet.
Answer: C
Question Classification: Knowledge
42. The old adage, One persons trash is another ones treasure is a potential option for industry to reduce
A. disposal costs.
B. purchasing costs.
C. hazardous wastes.
D. air pollution.
E. All of these.
Answer: E
Question Classification: Comprehension
43. Chemical processing is a way of __________ hazardous waste for safe disposal.
A. reducing the volume of
B. neutralizing
C. incinerating
D. filtering and precipitating
E. acidifying
Answer: B
Question Classification: Knowledge
47. Incinerator ash is commonly contaminated with highly concentrated toxic substances and taken to a landfill for
disposal.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
Question Classification: Knowledge
48. Demanufacturing is the disassembly of manufactured homes and is key to reducing the waste stream.
A. True
B. False
Answer: B
Question Classification: Knowledge
49. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulates clean up of Superfund designated hazardous
waste sites and the siting, construction, and operation of hazardous waste sites.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
Question Classification: Knowledge
50. The original pool of money available for Superfund cleanup projects was financed by taxes on the producers of
toxic and hazardous wastes. Now public taxes are the major sources.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
Question Classification: Knowledge
51. A site for a childrens playground and an industrial site have different criteria for cleanup.
A. True
B. False
Answer: A
Question Classification: Knowledge
53. Evaluate the use of dumps, sanitary landfills, and modern secure landfills in disposing of waste. In your
evaluation provide the pros and cons, and the context for which each disposal method would best work.
Answer: For a total of 30 points (Note: The numbers can be changed to fit your assessment needs.)
30 =
Provided an accurate evaluation of the positive aspects of the three waste disposal methods; Provided an
accurate evaluation of the drawbacks of the three waste disposal methods; Used an appropriate and accurate
context for the three waste disposal methods; Communicated effectively with a well written explanation
20 =
Provided an accurate evaluation of the positive aspects of two waste disposal methods; Provided an
accurate evaluation of the drawbacks of two waste disposal methods; Used an appropriate and accurate
context for two waste disposal methods; Communicated with a well written explanation
10 =
Provided an accurate evaluation of the positive aspects of one waste disposal method; Provided an accurate
evaluation of the drawbacks of one waste disposal method; Used an appropriate and accurate context for
one waste disposal method; Communicated with a fairly well written explanation
5=
Provided an accurate evaluation of the positive aspects of one energy source; Provided an accurate
evaluation of the drawbacks of one energy source; Used an inappropriate and inaccurate context for all
energy sources; Communicated with a poorly written explanation
0=
Provided an inaccurate evaluation of the positive aspects of all energy sources; Provided an inaccurate
evaluation of the drawbacks of all energy sources; Used an inappropriate and inaccurate context for all
energy sources; Communicated with a very poorly written explanation