Chapter 5- MOTION

Vehicles on land
Vehicles in water
Vehicles in the air

5.1 Vehicles
1. 2 types of vehicles
i) with engine (cth: ________________________)
ii)without engine( eg:
______________________)

vehicles without engine (land)

_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
____________________
How do we stop the bicycle?
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
______________________________

- label the bicycle

Vehicles With Engine
1. eg: motorcycle, bus, ________,_______
2. 2 type of engines :
4 stroke engine ( heavy vehicles)
2 stroke engine (lighter vehicles )
Stroke structure

__________

Bicycle part :
- pedal
- crank
- chain
- hub /cog
- rear tyre
- brake
- handlebar

_______stroke

______stroke

__________

___________
_

_________
_

Type of engines on land

How the bicycle move forward?

Engine On Land

4 stroke Engine
1. 2 types of 4 stroke engines:
4 stroke petrol engines
4 stroke diesel engines
Petrol Enjin 4 Lejang
1. why it is called 4 stroke petrol engine?
________________________________________________________________________
2. there are 4 stroke in the engines :
i.

Intake stroke

ii.

Compression stroke

iii.

Power stroke

iv.

Exhaust stroke

3. name the engine stroke below

* all must explain about :

- Piston go up or down

Intake stroke open or close

Exhaust stroke open or close
apa berlaku dlm lejanwhat happen in the stroke

a.intake stroke :

Compression stroke

Type Of Stroke
Intake stroke
Spark plug
Exhaust
stroke
stroke
close

Exhaust
stroke open

Intake
stroke open
Mixture of
Petrol and
air

i.piston move_________________
ii.intake stroke _________________
iii. exhaust stroke________________________
iv. mixture of ________ dan _______
enter the cyclinder
b. Compression Stroke

i i.piston move_________________
ii.intake stroke _________________
iii. exhaust stroke________________________
iv. ____________________________________
___________________________________
c. Power Stroke

2.

Four- stroke diesel engines are usually

used in
Enjin diesel empat lejang biasanya
digunakan oleh
A. Car
C. Aeroplane
B. Buses
D. Motorcycles

3.

The information below describes the

operation of a type of a four stroke petrol
engines.
Maklumat di bawah menerangkan operasi
sejenis enjin petrol empat lejang

Power stroke
Spark from spark
plug ignites the
mixture of petrol
and air

i. intake and exhaust stroke ___________

ii. spark plug produce _________
and ignites ___________________
iii. the fuel burns and gas expand will
push
pistons _______________

Which of the following represents the

stroke?
Manakah antara berikut yanag mewakili
lejang tersebut?
A. Exhaust stroke
C. Compression
stroke
B. Power stroke
D. Intake stroke

d. Exhaust Stroke
Exhaust stroke

4.
Intake
stroke close

the inlet valve and outlet valve are closed

injap masuk dan injap keluar tertutup
the pistons moves upwards
Omboh bergerak ke atas
the mixture of fuel and air is compressed
campuran petrol dan udara dimampatkan

Which of the following sequences is

correct for the four- stroke petrol engine?
Antara urutan berikut, yang manakah
betul bagi enjin petrol empat lejang?
A. Intake stroke
Compression stroke
Exhaust stroke
Power
stroke
B. Intake stroke
Power stroke
Compression stroke exhaust
stroke

i i.piston move_________________
ii.intake stroke _________________
iii. exhaust stroke________________________
iv. ____________________________________
________________________________

C. Power stroke
Compression stroke
Intake stroke
Exhaust
stroke
D. Intake stroke
Compression stroke
Power stroke
Exhaust
Stroke

Exercise
1.

Which of the following below is a vehicle

without engine?
Manakah antara berikut adalah jenis
kenderaan yang tidak berenjin?
A. Bicycle
C. Car
B. Motorcycle
D. Lorry

FOUR STROKE ENGINE DIESEL

c. _______________________________
* normally used for heavier vehicles(eg:
bus, lorry)
Power Stroke
a. _______________________________
Intake /exhaust
stroke close

Compression stroke
Fuel injector

Fuel
injector
spray
________

Intake
stroke
open
Exhaust
stroke
close

Air enter the

stroke

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

Piston ________________
Intake stroke ______________
Exhaust stroke _______________
__________enter cylylinder

i.
ii.
iii.

Intake stroke ______________

Exhaust stroke _______________
Fuel injector inject __________
into cylinder. Compressed air (hot)
will
burn the diesel
iv.
expand air will push the piston
________________
d. _____________________________

b. _________________________
Exhaust Stroke
Compression Stroke
Intake
/exhaust
stroke close

exhaust stroke
open

Intake stroke
close

piston
crankshaft

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

Piston ________________
Intake stroke ______________
Exhaust stroke _______________
Air _______________ and become
_____________

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

Piston ________________
Intake stroke ______________
Exhaust stroke _______________
_________________________________
_____________________________

# must memorize!!!

Four stroke diesel engine did not

have ____________________
Similarities And Differences
Between Four Stroke Petrol
Engine And Four Stroke Diesel
Engine
Similarities :
Both burn fuel in internal
combustion engines
The chemical energy involve is
_____________________________
Piston is moved by expanding
gas
4 stroke
petrol engine
1
2
3

5
6
7
8
9
9

Fuel used is
____________
Use spark plug
Petrol enter
cylinder
through intake
stroke
Engine is
cheaper,
smaller and
lighter
Exhaust gas
has less
pollutants
Engine is
quieter
For lighter
vehicles
Contain
carburetor
Less efficient,
wastes more
petrol
Efficient at
high velocity

4 stroke
diesel
engine
Fuel used is
____________
____________
____________
Diesel enter
cylinder
through
_____________
Engine is
_____________
_____________

______________
Engine is
________

Efficient at
_____________

Latihan
1. 4 stroke engine diesel is used in
Enjin diesel 4 lejang biasanya
digunakan dalam
A . kereta
C. bas
B . motorsikal
D. kapal
terbang

2. Which of the following are the

similarities between 4 stroke petrol
engine and 4 stroke diesel engine?
Manakah antara berikut adalah
persamaan antara enjin petrol 4
lejang dengan enjin diesel 4 lejang?
A. Both used in heavier vehicles
Kedua- duanya digunakan dalam
kenderaan berat
B. Both experiences 4 stage in every
cycle of operation
Kedua- duanya mengalami empat
peringkat dalam setiap kitar
operasi
C. Mixture of petrol and air will enter
the cylinder during the intake
stroke
Campuran petrol dan udara akan
disedut masuk ke dalam silinder
semasa dalam lejang pengambilan.
D. Both use spark plug to ignite fuel
Kedua- duanya menggunakan
palam pencucuh untuk
menyalakan bahan api

3. Which of the following occur in the

power stroke of four stroke diesel
engine?
Manakah antara berikut berlaku
semasa dalam lejang kuasa dalam
enjin diesel empat lejang?
A. Spark produced by spark plug
Cetusan elektrik dihasilkan oleh
palam pencucuh
B. Pressure in cylinder increased
Tekanan dalam silinder meningkat
C. Intake stroke open
Injap masuk terbuka
D. Exhaust stroke closed
Injap ekzos tertutup
4. Which if the following are true about
differences between 4 stroke petrol
engine and 4 stroke diesel engine?
Manakah antaraberikut adalah benar
mengenai perbandingan antara enjin
petrol empat lejang dengan enjin
diesel empat lejang?
Enjin Petrol
Empat Lejang

Enjin Diesel
Empat Lejang

Enjin lebih
bising

Enjin kurang
bising

Enjin lebih
ringan

Enjin lebih
berat

Gas ekzos
kurang bahan
pencemar

Gas ekzos
lebih banyak
bahan
pencemar

Untuk
kenderaan
lebih berat

Untuk
kenderaan
lebih ringan

5. Without spark plug, how 4 stroke

petrol engine ignites the fuel?
Tanpa menggunakan palam pencucuh,
bagaimana enjin diesel empat lejang
menyalakan bahan api?
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