LOS 100 VERBOS MS USADOS EN INGLES

THE 100 MOST USED VERBS IN ENGLISH

accept
allow
ask
believe
borrow
break
bring
buy
can/be able
cancel
change
clean
comb
complain
cough
count
cut
dance
draw
drink
drive
eat
explain
fall
fill
find
finish
fit
fix
fly
forget
give
go
have
hear
hurt
know
learn
leave
listen
live
look
lose
make/do
need
open

aceptar
permitir/dejar
preguntar
creer
prestar
romper
traer
comprar
poder
cancelar
cambiar
limpiar
peinar
quejarse
toser
contar
cortar
bailar
dibujar
beber
conducir
comer
explicar
caerse
llenar
encontrar
terminar
caber
reparar
volar
olvidar
dar
ir
* tener
oir
daar, herir
saber/conocer
aprender
* salir/marcharse
escuchar
vivir
mirar
perder
hacer
necesitar
abrir

close/shut
organize
pay
play
put
rain
read
reply
run
say
see
sell
send
sign
sing
sit
sleep
smoke
speak
spell
spend
stand
start/begin
study
succeed
swim
take
talk
teach
tell
think
translate
travel
try
turn off
turn on
type
understand
use
wait
wake up
want
watch
work
worry
write

Una lista de palabras tiles en ingls y espaol

English

Spanish

cerrar
organizar
pagar
jugar
poner
llover
leer
responder
correr
decir
ver
vender
enviar
firmar
cantar
sentarse
dormir
fumar
hablar
deletrear
gastar
ponerse de pie
comenzar
estudiar
tener exito
nadar
* tomar
hablar
ensear
decir
pensar
traducir
viajar
intentar
apagar
encender
escribir a maquina
entender
utilizar/usar
esperar
despertar
querer/desear
mirar
trabajar
preocuparse
escribir

/ forward slash

barra

: two dots

dos puntos

@ (at)

arroba

address book

Libreta de direcciones

answer questions

responder a preguntas

attached files

archivos adjuntos

back (the name of the back button)

Atrs, Regresar

bandwidth

ancho de banda

banner

banner

bold

negrita

bookmark

Favorito, marcador

box (a little box on web forms)

casilla

browser (the programme)

navegador, explorador de Web

button

botn

check the box

marcar la casilla

choose (imperative)

elija

click (imperative)

haga clic (usted) haz clic (tu)

credit card

tarjeta de crdito

cyberspace

ciberespacio (m)

database

base de datos

digital signature

firma digital

dot com

punto com

download

bajar, descargar, hacer un download, bajar

archivos, capturar, copiar

drag

arrastrar

drop (as in drag and drop)

pegar

drop down list, drop down menu, pop-up menu

menu desplegable

email address

direccin de correo electrnico

encrypted mail

correo cifrado

FAQ (frequently asked questions)

preguntas ms frecuentes, preguntas formuladas

frecuentemente

file transfer

transferencia de ficheros

folder

carpeta

form

formulario

Forward (the name of the forward button)

adelante

frames: (as in frames pages)

marcos

guestbook

libro de visitas

handle (nickname)

apodo

homepage

pgina principal, pgina inicial

hyperlink

hiperenlace

icon

cono

inbox

bandeja de entrada

ISP

proveedor de servicios Internet (tambin ISP)

keyboard

teclado

keyword

palabra clave

laptop computer

equipo porttil

link

enlace, vnculo

loop

bucle

lurker

mirn

lurking

fisgoneo, mironeo

message headings

encabezados de mensajes

modem

mdem

motor de bsqueda

search engine

mouse

ratn

mouse button

botn del ratn

mouse pad

alfombrilla de rton

netiquette

etiqueta de la red, etiqueta de Internet

network

red

newsgroup

grupo de noticias

newsgroup

grupo de noticias

on-line auctions

subastas on-line

outbox

bandeja de salida

outgoing messages

mensajes salientes

padlock icon - (the little padlock you see on

secure web sites)

icono de cerradura

password

contrasea

preferences

preferencias

public domain

dominio publico

real time chat

charla en tiempo real

reply to all

Responder a todos

rough copy

borrador

run (execute)

ejecutar

save

guardar

secure server

servidor seguro

secure web site

sitio Web seguro

sent box (in email programme)

elementos enviados

shopping cart

carro de la compra

SPAM (unwanted messages)

mensajes no deseados

stop (the stop button on the browser)

detener

store

almacenar

subject (of an email message)

asunto

subscribe

suscribirse

surf

navegar

template

plantilla

the clipboard

Portapapeles

the internet

internet (note that they don't use "el" before)

the person a message is sent to

destinatario

the place (where something is kept)

la ubicacin

to attach (to emails)

adjuntar

to compose/write some text

redactar

to go back

regresar

to manage or look after.

gestionar

toolbar

barra de herramientas

trash, deleted items (in email programme)

elementos eliminados

updated, update, an update

actualizado, actualizar, una actualizacin

upload (verb)

subir, cargar, copiar

user name

nombre de usuario

web page

pgina Web

web page address, url

direccin de una pgina web, url

web site, site

sitio web, sitio

word wrap

retorno automtico de la palabra

face = la cara/el rostro

facial features

rasgos

she has a thin face

tiene la/una cara delgada

an oval face

una cara ovalada

a round face

una cara redonda

clean-shaven

bien afeitado

a bloated face

una cara hinchada/abotagada

a cherubic face

una cara angelical

a chubby face

una cara regordete

chubby-cheeked

mofletudo

a chubby/podgy face

una cara rechoncha, regordete, gordinflona

he had a weather-beaten face

tena un rostro curtido

a face lift

un lifting, un estiramiento facial

she has freckles

tiene pecas, es pecosa

spots/pimples

granos

blackheads

espinillas

moles

lunares

warts

verrugas

wrinkles

arugas

rosy cheeks

mejillas sonrosadas

acne

acne

a birthmark

un antojo/una mancha de nacimiento

a double chin

una papada

hollow cheeks

las mejillas hundidas

a dimple

un hoyuelo

smooth-cheeked/smooth-faced

lampio

a deadpan face

una cara de pquer/de palo

a doleful face

una cara compungida

a sad face

una cara triste

a serious face

una cara seria

a smiling face

una cara sonriente

a happy face

una cara alegre

smooth-cheeked/smooth-faced

lampio

to go red in the face (with anger/heat)

ponerse colorado/rojo

to go red/to blush (with embarassment)

sonrojarse/ruborizarse

he looks worried

parece preocupado

frightened

asustado

surprised

sorprendido

a smile

una sonrisa

a smirk

una sonrisita

a frown

el ceo fruncido
nose = la nariz

a bulbous nose

una nariz protuberante

a hooked nose

una nariz aguilea

a big nose

una nariz grande

a turned-up/snub nose

una nariz respingona

a pointed nose

una nariz puntiaguda

a flat nose/a pug nose

una nariz chata

a lopsided nose

una nariz ladeada/torcida

a hooter/conk (colloquial Br. Eng.)

a schnozzle (colloquial Am. Eng.)

una napia

to flare your nostrils/to snort

resoplar/bufar
eyes = los ojos

she has brown eyes

tiene los ojos marrones

hazel

color avellana

he has beady eyes

tiene los ojos redondos y brillantes como

cuentas

a black eye

un ojo morado

red eyes

ojos rojizos

bloodshot eyes

ojos sanguinolentos/injectados de sangre

to wink

guiar el ojo

to blink

pestaear/parpadear

she is cross-eyed

es bizca

a squint

una bizquera, un estrabismo

she's blind

es ciega

he's blind in one eye

es tuerto

to go blind

quedarse ciego

crow's feet

patas de gallo

sunken eyes

ojos hundidos

piggy eyes

ojitos redondos y brillantes

bulging eyes

ojos saltones

slit/slanting eyes

ojos achinados

a stye

un orzuelo

shifty eyes

ojos furtivos
eyebrows = las cejas

arched eyebrows

cejas arqueadas

bushy eyebrows

cejas tupidas

thick eyebrows

cejas pobladas

to raise your eyebrows

arquear las cejas

eyelashes = las pestaas

false eyelashes

pestaas postizas
mouth

harelip

labio leporino

chapped lips

labios agrietados

buckteeth

dientes de conejo/dientes salidos

false teeth

dentadura postiza

front teeth

paletas/dientes de adelante

wisdom teeth

muelas del juicio

to chatter (teeth)

castaetear

my teeth are chattering

me castaetean los dientes

hair = el pelo/cabello
she has blond hair

tiene el pelo rubio

auburn

castao rojizo

she has grey hair

es canosa, tiene el pelo canoso, tiene canas

mousy hair

el pelo castao desvado

she's red-haired/red-headed

es pelirrojo

a brunette

una morena

streaks

mechones

highlights

mechitas/reflejos/claritos

dyed hair

el pelo teido

long hair

el pelo largo

short hair

el pelo corto

shoulder-length hair

el pelo hasta los hombros

curly hair

el pelo rizado

wavy hair

el pelo ondulado

frizzy hair

el pelo crespo

spiky hair

el pelo de punta

she has permed hair

se ha hecho un permanente

crimped hair

pelo rizado con tenacillas

straight hair

el pelo liso

a fringe

un flequillo

a parting

una raya

a pigtail

una trenza

a ponytail

una cola

bunches

coletas

a bun

un moo

lank hair

el pelo lacio

dull

sin brillo

greasy hair

el pelo graso/grasoso

fine

fino

she has thick hair

tiene mucho pelo/tiene el pelo grueso

dry

seco

shiny hair

el pelo brillante

split ends

las puntas abiertas

dandruff

la caspa

a pageboy

un peinado/corte a lo paje

a bob

una melena

a hairdo

un peinado

a crew cut

un pelo cortado al rape

sideburns

patillas

a wig

una peluca

a toupe

un peluqun, un tup

bald

calvo

a bald patch

una calva/una pelada

he's balding

se est quedando calvo

build = complexin

thin

delgado

shes got a very good figure

tiene una figura estupenda

plump (a nicer way of saying fat)

gordito

slim

esbelto

fat

gordo

a beer belly

una panza

chubby

regordete/gordinfln/rellenito

strong

fuerte

weak

flojo

short

bajo

tall

alto

a hunchback

un jorobado

he walks with a limp

cojea

medium height

de estatura media

medium build

de talla media

he's a large man

es un hombre corpulento

Adjetivos para describir la personalidad

General Terms
handsome, good-looking, attractive

guapo

pretty, good-looking, attractive, lovely

guapa, bonita, linda,

hes quite a hunk

est buensimo

ugly

fea/feo

beautiful

preciosa, guapsima, lindsima, hermosa, bella

Other notes

He looks a bit ______

In Spanish "tiene pinta de ____" is very common
for giving a general idea about the appearance.
See examples on the right:

tiene pinta de delincuente:

he looks like a criminal

He looks sad
Note that when we say how something "seems"
or "looks" (probably because we are not certain)
we use parecer.

parece triste

tiene pinta de extranjero

he looks a bit foreign

a strong- looking man

un hombre de apariencia fuerte

clean-shaven

bien afeitado
Hablando sobre la esperanza (hope) en ingls

English

Spanish

I hope so!

Espero que s.

I hope not!

Espero que no.

I hope to be able to go in June

Espero poder ir en junio

I hope you like it

Espero que te guste

I hope (that) you are well

Espero que te encuentres bien

to be full of hope

Estar lleno de ilusin;

I dont want to raise false hopes

no quiero crear falsas expectativas

to give up hope

perder la esperanza

I was hoping youd say that

esperaba que dijeras eso

I feel very hopeful about ......

me siento optimista con respecto a .......

on

sobre
in

dentro de

above
over

encima de

under

debajo de

in front of

delante de

behind

detrs de

beside
near
next to

al lado de
cerca de
junto a
between

entre

among

English
cheerful
kind
ambitious
friendly
cantankerous
cowardly
sympathetic (understanding)
conservative
conventional
talkative
flirtatious
polite
big-headed
cruel
open-minded:
narrow-minded:
moody
bitchy
careless
carefree
trustworthy
argumentative, quarrelsome
selfish
charming
strict
two-faced
reliable: hes a very reliable person
loyal
generous
honest
naive
crazy, nuts
bad-tempered
naughty (children)
modest
proud
lazy
annoying
conceited, full of oneself
cautious
weird
self-confident: to be self-confident
sensible
sensitive
dull, boring
mean

entre

Spanish
alegre, jovial;
amable
ambicioso
amigable, simptico, agradable
cascarrabias
cobarde
comprensivo
conservador
convencional
conversador, hablador
coqueta
corts, educado
credo, engredo
cruel
de actitud abierta, sin prejuicios
de mentalidad cerrada, intolerante;
de humor cambiante
de mala leche, venenoso;
descuidado, poco cuidadoso
despreocupado
digno de confianza
discutidor
egosta
encantador
estricto, severo, riguroso
falso
fiable, confiable: es una persona en la que se
puede confiar
fiel
generoso
honesto
ingenuo, inocentn
loco, chiflado
malhumorado
malo, travieso (nios)
modesto
orgulloso
perezoso, vago
pesado
presumido
prudente, cauteloso, cauto;
raro, extrao
seguro de s mismo: tener confianza en s
mismo
sensato, prudente;
sensible
soso, aburrido
tacao

stubborn
hard-working
laid-back
shy - introverted
brave

terco, testarudo, tozudo

trabajador
tranquilo, relajado
tmido, vergonzoso - introvertido
valiente

120 palabras asocidas con ftbol en ingls e espaol

away game

partido que se juega fuera de casa

away team

equipo visitante

beat

derrotar / vencer

bench

banquillo

centre circle

crculo central

championship

campeonato

changing rooms

vestuarios

corner kick

saque de esquina. corner

cross

pase cruzado

crossbar

travesao

defender

defensa

draw

un empate

dropped ball (when restarting play)

baln a tierra

equaliser

la igualada

extra time

tiempo suplementario

extra-time

prrroga

field markings

marcacin del terreno

field of play

terreno de juego

first half

primer tiempo

fit

en forma / sano

fixture

encuentro

fixture list

programa de encuentros

flagposts

banderines

forward

delantero

foul

falta

free kick (direct/indirect)

tiro libre (directo/indirecto)

friendly game

partido amistoso

goal / penalty area /the box

rea de meta

goal average

promedio de goles

goal kick

saque de puerta / portera /meta

goal line

lnea de meta.

goal scorer

goleador

goalkeeper

portero / guardameta / golero

goalpost

poste, palo de la portera

half time interval

intervalo del medio tiempo / descanso

halfway line.

lnea media

handball!

mano!

header

cabezazo

heads or tails

cara o cruz

home

en casa

hooligan

gamberro

injured player

un jugador lesionado

injury time

descuento

kick

patada

kick

dar una patada

kick-off

saque de salida

laws of the game

reglas de juego

league

liga

linesman

juez de lnea

local derby

enfrentamiento de dos equipos vecinos

manager

entrenador

match

partido

midfield player

centrocampista

move

jugada

national team

(la) seleccin

opposing team

equipo adversario

own goal

propia meta

pass

pasar

penalty kick

tiro penal / penalti

penalty spot

punto penal

player

jugador

cup-winners cup

recopa

red card

tarjeta roja

referee

rbitro

replay

repeticin

restart of play

reanudacin del juego

score a hat trick

marcar tres goles (en un partido)

score draw

un empate a cero

scoreboard

marcador

season

temporada

second half

seguno tiempo

send a player off

expulsar un jugador

shinguard

canillera/espinillera

shorts

pantalones cortos

side

equipo

spanish equivalent of F.A cup

copa del rey

spectator

espectador

staduim / ground

estadio

strip

los colores del equipo (uniforme?)

studs

tacos

substitute

sustituto.

supporter

hincha / seguidor

sweeper

lbero / barredor

tackle

internada

tackle

team

equipo

terrace

grada

the ball

baln

the coach

el entrenador

the final score

el resultado final

the highest goal scorer this season

el mximo goleador de esta temporada

the net

la red

the pitch

el campo

throw-in

saque de banda

ticket tout

revendedor de entradas

to book a player

amonestar un jugador

to keep goal

jugar de guardameta / de portero

to score a goal

marcar / meter un gol

to shoot at goal

tirar a puerta / al arco; disparar

touch line

lnea de banda

tournament

torneo

turnstile

torniquete / molinete / puerta

underdog

el que tiene menos posibilidades

unsporting behaviour

conducta antideportiva

wasting time

perdida de tiempo

what was the score?

cmo termin el partido?

whats the score?

cmo van? / cmo va el marcador?

whistle

silbato pitido

winger

extremo

world cup

mundial

yellow card

tarjeta amarilla

Glosario de la comida espaol e ingls

achieved addalmonds anchovy apple arrange artichoke asparagus aubergine avocado bacon bake baking powder banana barbeque basil basting batter bayleaf beans bechamel sauce beef bitter black beans blade of a knife boil bone boned borage bowls brandy breadcrumbs broad beans brown brush brussel sprouts butter butter cabbage -

logrado
aadir
almendras
anchoa
manzana
poner
alcachofa
esprrago
berenjena
aguacate palta (S.Am)
beicn
cocer al horno
levadura (en polvo)
pltano
barbacoa / parrillada
albahaca
rociando
albardilla
laurel
habas/habichuelas/alubias
bechamel
ternera
agrio/cido
alubias negras
hoja del cuchillo
hervir
hueso/espina
dehuesado
borraja
cuenco
coac
migas de pan/pan rallado
habas
dorar
cepillar
coles de Bruselas
mantequilla
untar con mantequilla
col

can canneloni capers carrot casserole cauliflower cayenne pepper celery cheese chestnut chicken chicken breast chill chip chop chocolate cider clams cloves of garlic coat coarse cod combine confectioner's custard conger eel consistency cook cooked ham cornflour courgette cover cream crisps crouton curdle cumin dash dent diced dip dish dogfish dot with dough drain dry duck edge egg egg white egg yolk empty endives fennel fillets -

lata
canelones
alcaparras
zanahoria
estofado
coliflor
pimienta cayena
apio
queso
castao
pollo
pechuga de pollo
enfriar
patata frita
picar
chocolate
sidra
almejas
dientes de ajo
rebozar
de grano grueso
bacalao
combinar
crema pastelero
congrio
consistencia
cocinar
jamn York
harina de maz
calabacn
cubrir
nata
patatas fritas
cuscurro
cuajar
comino
chorrito
hueco
cortar en cuadritos
sumergir
plato
cazn
poner trocitos encima
masa
escurrir
secar
pato
borde
huevo
clara de huevo
yema de huevo
vaciar
endibias
hinojo
filetes

filling finely fish flatten flesh flour foam fold fridge frozen fry fry ... until soft frying pan garlic garnish gelatine get rid of gherkins golden gradually grated grease greased green pepper green beans ground grill grind hake halve ham handful hard-boiled egg hare heat high heat honey ice cream icing sugar instead of jelly jugged hare juice juicy junket junk food julienne kidney beans kitchen tissue knob of butter ladles lamb layer leaf -

relleno
en trozos menudos
pescado
aplastar/aplanar
carne
harina
espuma
doblar
frigorfico
congelado
frer
pochar
sartn
ajo
guarnicin
gelatina
quitar
pepinillo
dorado
lentamente
rallado
grasa
engrasado
pimiento verde
habichuelas
molido, pulverizado
gratinar
machacar
merluza
dividir en dos
jamn
puado
huevo duro
liebre
calentar
fuego fuerte
miel
helado
azcar glace
en vez de
gelatina
estofado de liebre
jugo/zumo
jugoso
leche cuajada
comida basura, porqueras
juliana
alubias rojas
papel de cocina knife - cuchillo
nuez de mantequilla
cucharones
cordero
capa
hoja

leaves leeks lettuce lid light liquidise liver loaf marrow mash mayonnaise medium-sized melt melted mince minced beef mince pork mint mix monkfish mortar mushroomsmussels mustard noodles nutmeg oil oil onion orange oregano oven ovenproof pan pancake paprika parsley pasta peas peel peeled pepper peppercorns pinch pine kernels pineapple poached pork potato peeler potato starch potatoes pour prawns pulses pumpkin -

hojas
puerros
lechuga
tapadera
encender
triturar
higado
barra
calabaza
hacer pur
mayonesa
de tamao mediano
derretir
derretido
carne picada
ternera picada
cerdo picado
menta
mezclar
rape
mortero
championes
mejillones
mostaza
tallarines
nuez moscada
aceite
engrasar
cebolla
naranja
organo
horno
de horno
cazo
crepe
pimentn
perejil
pasta
guisantes
pelar
pelado
pimienta
granos de pimienta
pizca
piones
pia
escalfado
cerdo
cosa para pelar patatas
fcula
patatas
verter
gambas
alubias
calabaza

pure quail quartered rabbit raw red pepper reduce remove rest return ribs rice rind rinse ripe roast roe roll roll out rosemary rub salmon salt cod salt salted sardines sauce saucepan saut scald sea bream seal seasoning season with salt season with salt and pepper seeds sieve shallot shapes shells sherry side simmer skin skinned sliced smear soak spaghetti spare ribs spicy spinach spoon spoon sprig -

pur
codorniz
cortado en cuatro
conejo
crudo
pimiento rojo
reducir
quitar
descansar
volver
costillas
arroz
cscara
limpiar con agua
maduro
asado/asar
hueva
rollito
aplanar
romero
frotar
salmn
bacalao salado
sal
salado
sardinas
salsa
cazo
saltear
escaldar
besugo
sellar
condimento
sazonar
salmpimentar
semillas
tamizar
cebolleta
formas
cscaras
jerez
lado
cocinar a fuego lento
piel/pelar
pelado
en trozos
untar
remojar
espaguetis
costillas
picante
espinacas
cucharada
sacar con cuchara
ramita

sprinkle squeeze squid stale bread stalk steak steamer stew stiff stir-fry stock strain strips stuff sugar sweet taste tender tepid thick thicken thickness thinly slice thoroughly thyme tie tin tinned toasted tomatoes topping transfer transparent trickle trim trout tuna turn turn off vinegar veal vodka walnuts warm wash watercress wedge whipped cream wild boar wipe yolks Yorkshire pudding sirve tradicionalmente con el rosbif

salpicar
exprimir
calamar
pan duro
tallo
bistec
vapor
estofado
espeso
frer
caldo
colar
tiritas
rellenar
azucar
dulce
sabor
tierno
tibio
grueso, espeso
espesar
espesura, grueso
cortar en lonchas finas
completamente
tomillo
atar
lata
en lata
tostado
tomates
lo que se pone encima de una base
transferir
chorrear un poco
cortar
trucha
atn
dar la vuelta
apagar
vinagre
ternera (de animal muy joven y de carne plida)
vodka
nueces (de california)
calentar
lavar
berro
pedazo grande
nata montada
jabal
limpiar con un pao
yemas
masa horneada a base de leche, huevos y harina que se

Casi todas las cosas de la casa en espaol e ingls

ROOMS

HABITACIONES

* bathroom

cuarto de bao

* bedroom

dormitorio

* dining room

comedor

* hall

pasillo

*kitchen

cocina

*living room

saln

pantry

despensa

study

despacho

*toilet

aseo

BATHROOM

CUARTO DE BAO

* bath

baera

bidet

bidet

* mirror

espejo

* shower

ducha

*soap

jabn

tap

grifo

towel

toalla

washbasin

lavabo

BEDROOM

DORMITORIO

alarm clock

despertador

*bed

cama

blanket

manta

bookcase

librera

carpet

alfombra

*chair

silla

*lamp

lmpara

mattress

colchn

pillow

almohada

rug

alfombra

sheet

sbana

*shelf

repisa

*shelves

estantera

*wardrobe

armario

KITCHEN

COCINA

bleach

leja

bowl

escudilla

broom

escoba

cloth

trapo

coffee pot

cafetera

*cooker

cocina

corkscrew

sacacorchos

*cup

taza

dishwasher

lavaplatos

*fork

tenedor

freezer

congelador

*fridge

frigorfico

frying pan

sartn

*glass

vaso/copa

hob

hornillo

iron

plancha

ironing board

tabla de planchar

*knife

cuchillo

*microwave

microondas

mixer

batidora

mug

tazn

oven

horno

*plate

plato

saucepan

cacerola

sink

fregadero

*spoon

cuchara

*table

mesa

teapot

tetera

teaspoon

cucharilla

tin opener

abrelatas

toaster

tostador

tumbledrier

secador

vacuum cleaner

aspirador

*washing machine

lavadora

washing powder

detergente

washing-up liquid

lavajillas

LIVING ROOM

SALN

ashtray

cenicero

*armchair

silln

bookcase

librera

*clock

reloj (pared)

*sofa

sof

*television

televisor

*video

video

OTHER

OTROS

*ceiling

techo

central heating

calefaccin central

*downstairs

abajo

fireplace

chimenea

*floor

suelo

*garage

cochera

*garden

jardn

lawn

csped

light bulb

bombilla

loft

desvn

*roof

tejado

*stairs

escaleras

*upstairs

arriba

Apuntes para principiantes verb "to be" pronombres

THE VERB "TO BE"

SPANISH

AFFIRMATIV
E

DIMINUTIV
E

NEGATIVE

INTERROGATIV
E

YO SOY

I AM

I'M

I'M NOT

AM I?

TU ERES

YOU ARE

YOU'RE

YOU
AREN'T

ARE YOU?

EL ES

HE IS

HE'S

HE ISN'T

IS HE?

ELLA ES

SHE IS

SHE'S

SHE ISN'T

IS SHE?

ELLO ES

IT IS

IT'S

IT ISN'T

IS IT?

NOSOTROS
SOMOS

WE ARE

WE'RE

WE AREN'T

ARE WE?

VOSOTROS
SOIS

YOU ARE

YOU'RE

YOU
AREN'T

ARE YOU?

ELLOS SON

THEY ARE

THEY'RE

THEY
AREN'T

ARE THEY

PRONOUNS

QUESTION WORDS

SUBJEC
T

OBJEC
T

POSS.
ADJ

POSS.
PRO

REFLEXIVE

ENGLIS
H

SPANISH

ME

MY

MINE

MYSELF

WHAT

QUE

YOU

YOU

YOUR

YOURS

YOURSELF

WHEN

CUANDO

HE

HIM

HIS

HIS

HIMSELF

WHERE

DONDE

SHE

HER

HER

HERS

HERSELF

WHO

QUIEN

IT

IT

ITS

ITS

ITSELF

WHICH

CUAL

WE

US

OUR

OURS

OURSELVES

HOW

COMO

YOU

YOU

YOUR

YOURS

YOURSELVE
S

WHY

POR QUE

THEY

THEM

THEI
R

THEIR
S

THEMSELVE
S

DEMONSTRATIVES
SINGULAR

PLURAL

THIS

THESE

NEAR

THAT

THOSE

FAR

DAYS OF THE WEEK

MONDA
Y

TUESDA
Y

WEDNESDA
Y

THURSDA
Y

FRIDA
Y

SATURDA
Y

"SOME" AND "ANY"

EXAMPLES
SOME

THERE IS SOME WATER

THERE ARE SOME GIRLS

ANY

THERE ISN'T ANY WATER

THERE AREN'T ANY GIRLS

ANY (NORMALLY)

IS THERE ANY WATER?

ARE THERE ANY GIRLS?

ESSENTIAL EXPRESSIONS
ENGLISH

SPANISH

YES, PLEASE

SI, POR FAVOR

NO, THANKS

NO, GRACIAS

I DON'T UNDERSTAND

NO ENTIENDO

WHAT IS YOUR NAME?

COMO TE LLAMAS?

MY NAME IS JOHN.

ME LLAMO JOHN.

RAILWAY VOCABULARY - VOCABULARIO SOBRE TRENES

to be late
llevar retraso
to miss the train
perder el tren
to book
reservar
to get on
subir
to get off
bajar
to reserve
reservar
don't lean out of the window No asomarse por la ventana
to change trains
transbordarse
embankment
terrapln
passenger
pasajero
steam train
tren de vapor
THE STATION - LA ESTACIN
change trains
dining car
from
information office

cambiar de tren
el coche restaurante
procedente de
ventanilla de informacin

SUNDA
Y

left luggage lockers

la consigna automtica
left luggage
la consigna
on time
puntual
platform
andn
railway station
estacin
ticket collector
el revisor
ticket office
ventanilla
to
con destino a
track
va
waiting room
sala de espera
departures
salidas
arrivals
llegadas
THE TICKETS - BILLETES
booking
la reserva
first class
la primera clase
public holidays
das festivos
reduced rate
tarifa reducida
reservation
la reserva
one way ticket
billete de ida solamente
return ticket
billete de ida y vuelta
second class
segunda clase
single ticket
billete de ida
standard rate
tarifa normal
timetable
horario
weekdays
das laborables
THE TRAIN - EL TREN
coach

un vagn

express train

tren rpido

fast train

un expreso

local train

un tren de cercanas

luggage rack

portaequipaje

sleeper

un coche-cama

do not lean out of the

window

no asomarse por la
ventana

62 IRREGULAR VERBS
SPANISH

INFINITIVE

PAST

PARTICIPLE

TRAER

BRING

BROUGHT

BROUGHT

COMPRAR

BUY

BOUGHT

BOUGHT

PENSAR

THINK

THOUGHT

THOUGHT

HABLAR

SPEAK

SPOKE

SPOKEN

ROMPER

BREAK

BROKE

BROKEN

DESPERTARSE

WAKE

WOKE

WOKEN

SOAR

DREAM

DREAMT

DREAMT

APRENDER

LEARN

LEARNT

LEARNT

CANTAR

SING

SANG

SUNG

SONAR

RING

RANG

RUNG

PRESTAR

LEND

LENT

LENT

ENVIAR

SEND

SENT

SENT

PONER

PUT

PUT

PUT

COSTAR

COST

COST

COST

PERMITIR

LET

LET

LET

CERRAR

SHUT

SHUT

SHUT

VENDER

SELL

SOLD

SOLD

DELETREAR

SPELL

SPELT

SPELT

GOLPEAR

HIT

HIT

HIT

VENIR

COME

CAME

COME

CONSTRUIR

BUILD

BUILD

BUILT

HACER

DO

DID

DONE

DIBUJAR

DRAW

DREW

DRAWN

BEBER

DRINK

DRANK

DRUNK

CONDUCIR

DRIVE

DROVE

DRIVEN

COMER

EAT

ATE

EATEN

CAER

FALL

FELL

FALLEN

SENTIR

FEEL

FELT

FELT

ENCONTRAR

FIND

FOUND

FOUND

OLVIDAR

FORGET

FORGOT

FORGOTTEN

IR

GO

WENT

GONE

TENER

HAVE

HAD

HAD

VOLAR

FLY

FLEW

FLOWN

SABER

KNOW

KNEW

KNOWN

TIRAR

THROW

THREW

THROWN

PERDER

LOSE

LOST

LOST

HACER

MAKE

MADE

MADE

PAGAR

PAY

PAID

PAID

LEER

READ

READ

READ

MONTAR

RIDE

RODE

RODE

CORRER

RUN

RAN

RUN

DECIR

SAY

SAID

SAID

SENTAR

SIT

SAT

SAT

DORMIR

SLEEP

SLEPT

SLEPT

NADAR

SWIM

SWAM

SWUM

ENTENDER

UNDERSTAND

UNDERSTOOD

UNDERSTOOD

LLEVAR PUESTO

WEAR

WORE

WORN

GANAR

WIN

WON

WON

ESCRIBIR

WRITE

WROTE

WRITTEN

ENSEAR

TEACH

TAUGHT

TAUGHT

THE ONE WORD TRANSLATION OF THE FOLLOWING VERBS IS VERY INADEQUATE

COGER

CATCH

CAUGHT

CAUGHT

QUERER DECIR

MEAN

MEANT

MEANT

GASTAR

SPEND

SPENT

SPENT

LLEGAR A SER

BECOME

BECAME

BECOME

CONSEGUIR

GET

GOT

GOT

ABANDONAR

LEAVE

LEFT

LEFT

ENCONTRARSE

MEET

MET

MET

TOMAR

TAKE

TOOK

TAKEN

The vocabulary of jobs and professions in English and Spanish.

Vocabulario del trabajo y profesiones en ingls y espaol
ENGLISH

SPANISH

ENGLISH

SPANISH

lawyer

abogado

bookseller

librero

actor/actress

actor/actriz

sailor

marinero

customs officer aduanero

doctor

mdico

farmer

agricultor

mechanic

mecnico

builder

albail

miner

minero

architect

arquitecto

model

modelo

consultant

asesor

instructor

monitor

astronaut

astronauta

monk

monje

air hostess

azafata

nun

monja

dustman

basurero

nanny

niera

fireman

bombero

labourer

obrero

waiter/waitress camarero/a

office worker

oficinista

lorry driver

camionero

baker

panadero

singer

cantante

shepherd

pastor

foreman

capataz

hairdresser

peluquero

butcher

carnicero

journalist

periodista

postman

cartero

fisherman

pescador

scientist

cientfico

pilot

piloto

surgeon

cirujano

painter

pintor

cook

cocinero

politician

poltico

driver

conductor

policeman

polica

accountant

contable

caretaker

portero

servant

criado

teacher

profesor

priest

cura

psychologist

psiclogo

dentist

dentista

psychiatrist

psiquiatra

shop assistant

dependiente

receptionist

recepcionista

electrician

electricista

watchmaker

relojero

employee

empleado

reporter

reportero

bank clerk

empleado de banco priest

sacerdote

nurse

enfermero

tailor

sastre

writer

escritor

secretary

secretario

student

estudiante

soldier

soldado

chemist

farmacutico

shorthand typist taquimeca

plumber

fontanero

taxi driver

taxista

farmer

granjero

technician

tcnico

engineer

ingeniero

bullfighter

torero

gardener

jardinero

translator

traductor

jeweller

joyero

salesman

vendedor

judge

juez

vet

veterinario

shoemaker

zapatero

The vocabulary of the human body in English and Spanish.

Vocabulario del cuerpo humano en ingls y espaol
Basic Level
ENGLISH

SPANISH

ENGLISH

SPANISH

arm

brazo

hand

mano

body

cuerpo

head

cabeza

ear

oreja

leg

pierna

eye

ojo

mouth

boca

face

cara

neck

cuello

foot/feet

pie/s

nose

nariz

finger

dedo

stomach

estmago

hair

pelo

ENGLISH

tooth/teeth
More Advanced level

SPANISH

ENGLISH

diente/s

SPANISH

ankle

tobillo

heart

corazn

back

espalda

hip

cadera

bladder

vejiga

jaw

mandibula

blood

sangre

kidney

rin

bone

hueso

knee

rodilla

brain

cerebro

liver

hgado

calf

pantorrilla

lung

pulmn

cheek

mejilla

muscle

msculo

chest

pecho

shoulder

hombro

chin

barbilla

skeleton

esqueleto

dimple

hoyuelo

skin

piel

elbow

codo

thigh

muslo

eyebrow

ceja

thumb

pulgar

eyelash

pestaa

throat

garganta

eyelid

prpado

tongue

lengua

features

rasgos

vein

vena

fist

puo

waist

cintura

forehead

frente

wisdom tooth

diente de juicio

freckle

peca

wrist

mueca

THE CHURCH / LA IGLESIA

BAPTISM/BAUTISMO
baptize
christen
godfather
godson
font
godmother
goddaughter
WEDDINGS / BODAS
aisle
bridegroom
ring
vows
bride
bridesmaid
confetti
FUNERALS FNEBRES
burial
grave
hearse
undertaker
tombstone
last rites
to bury

bautizar
bautizar
padrino
ahijado
pila
madrina
ahijada

nave lateral
novio
anillo
promesas solemnes
novia
dama de honor
confeti
entierro
tumba
coche fnebre
director de pompas fnebres
lpida
exequias
enterrar

cemetery
coffin
cremation
to mourn
PEOPLE / PERSONAS

cementerio
atad
incineracin
lamentarse

archbishop
arzobispo
chaplain
capelln
deacon
dicono
saint
santo
nun
monja
abbot
abad
disciple
discpulo
bishop
obispo
priest
cura
pope
papa
monk
monje
dean
den
cardinal
cardinal
pilgrim
peregrino
PARTS OF THE CHURCH / PARTES DE LA IGLESIA
chapel
aisle
font
nave
steeple
pulpit
vestry
bells
altar
pew
HOLIDAYS / FIESTAS
Christmas
Lent
Good Friday
Easter
Shrove Tuesday
Christmas Eve
MISCELANEOUS
a prayer
apostle
Bible
blasphemy
bless
carol

capilla
nave lateral
pila
nave
campanario
plpito
sacrista
campanas
altar
banco

Navidad
Cuaresma
Viernes Santa
Semana Santa
Martes de Carnaval
Nochebuena
oracin
apstol
Biblia
blasfemia
bendecir
villancico

cassock
cathedral
catholic
chalice
charity
choir
confession
confirmation
congregation
consecrated wafer
convent
first communion
God
gospel
halo
heathen
heaven
hell
heresy
heretic
holiness
holy water
incense
kneel
mass
miracle
monastery
offertory
parable
parish
piety
pious
preach
psalm
rosary
sermon
sin
the devil
theology
to pray
worship
vestments

sotana
catedral
catlico
cliz
caridad
coro
confesin
confirmacin
los fieles
hostia
convento
primera comunin
Dios
evangelio
aureola
pagano
cielo
infierno
hereja
hereje
santidad
agua bendito
incienso
arrodillarse
misa
milagro
monasterio
ofertorio
parbola
parroquia
piedad
piadoso
predicar
salmo
rosario
sermn
pecado
el diablo
teologa
rezar
adorar
vestiduras

Table of tenses in English with active and passive

Go to How to change a sentence from active to passive.

TENSE

ACTIVE

PASSIVE

SIMPLE
Present

He takes

It is taken

Past

He took

It was taken

Present Perfect

He has taken

It has been taken

Past perfect

He had taken

It had been taken

Future

He will take

It will be taken

Future perfect

He will have taken

It will have been taken

Conditional

He would take

It would be taken

Past Conditional

He would have taken

It would have been taken

Modal verbs

He may, might, could,

can (etc,) take

It may, might, could,

can (etc,) be taken

CONTINUOUS
Present

He is taking

It is being taken

Past

He was taking

It was being taken

Present perfect

He has been taking

Past perfect

He had been taking

Future

He will be taking

Future perfect

He will have been taking

Conditional

He would be taking

Past conditional

He would have been taking

OTHERS
Infinitive

(to) take

(to) be taken

Perfect infinitive

(to) have taken

(to) have been taken

Gerund

taking

being taken

Imperative

Take!

be taken!
CLOTHES VOCABULARY
LA ROPA

anorak - anorak

overall - mono

belt - cinturn

underpants - calzoncillos

beret - boina

pyjamas - pijama

bikini - bikini

raincoat - impermeable

blouse - blusa

sandals - sandalias

boots - botas

scarf - bufanda

bowtie - pajarita

shirt -camisa

bra - sujetador

shoes - zapatos

braces - tirantes

shorts - pantalones cortos

button - botn

skirt - falda

cap - gorra

slippers - zapatillas

cardigan - rebeca

socks - calcetines

coat - abrigo

stiletto - tacn de aguja

dress - vestido

stockings - medias

laces - cordones

suit - traje

cufflinks - gemelos

suspender - liguero

diner jacket - smoking

sweater - jersey

dress - vestido

sweatshirt - sudadera

dressing-gown - bata

swimming costume - baador

gloves - guantes

"T" shirt - camiseta

hat - sombrero

tie - corbata

high heels- tacones altos

tights - panty

jacket - chaqueta

tracksuit - chandal

jeans - vaqueros

trousers - pantalones

jersey - jersey

uniform - uniforme

jumper - jersey

waistcoat - chaleco

knickers - bragas

wellingtons - botas de goma

nightdress - camisn

zip - cremallera

mini-skirt - mini-falda
Associated Vocabulary

changing room - probador

get dressed - vestirse

it fits you - le sienta bien (tamao)

it suits you - le sienta bien

match - hacer juego con

naked - desnudo

put on - poner

size - talla

shoe size - numero de zapatos

take off - quitar

too tight - demasiado pequeo

try on - probar

undress - desnudarse

waist - cintura

wear - llevar puesto

50 EXPRESIONES MUY UTILES

50 USEFUL EXPRESIONS
A quid - una libra
A wet blanket - una aguafiestas
A hangover - una resaca
Better late than never - Ms vale tarde que
nunca
Bless you! - Jess! (cuando alguien
estornuda)
Bon apetit. - Qu aproveche.
By the way - A propsito
By all means - No faltara mas/Por supuesto
Chat someone up - Ligar con alguien
Cheer up! - Anmate!
Cheers! - Salud!
Cross your fingers. - Cruzando los dedos.
Get the sack - ser despedido
Help yourself - Srvete
How come ? -Cmo es eso? Por qu?
Hurry up - Date prisa
I must be off. - Tengo que irme.
I haven't got a clue. - No tengo ni idea
If only - Ojal
It serves you right. - Lo mereces.
It rings a bell. - Me suena.
It's up to you. - T eliges.
Keep the change. - Qudate con el cambio.
Keep your hair on! - Clmate!

Leave me alone - Djame en paz

Let the cat out of the bag - revelar un secreto
Let's have one for the road - Tomamos la
penltima
Make yourself at home -Sintete como en tu
casa
No wonder - No me extraa
Pissed as a newt- borracho como una cuba
Pull the other one. - Anda ya!
Really! - De verdad!
Same here - Yo tambin
Say when - Dime cuanto (para comida o
bebidas)
Talk of the devil - Hablando del rey de Roma
Ten bob - 50 peniques
To pay cash - Pagar en efectivo
To my mind - En mi opinin
Touch wood. - Tocando madera
Watch out! - Ten cuidado!
Were you born in a field/barn? - Cierra la puerta
What a rip off. - Qu timo!
What a mess! - Qu lo!
What a cheek! - Qu cara!
You're pulling my leg. - Me ests tomando el
pelo.
You're welcome. - De nada.
You're kidding. - Ests de broma.
TIENDAS Y LUGARES PBLICOS
SHOPS AND PUBLIC PLACES

SPANISH
agencia de viajes
banco
cabina de telfono
cafeteria
carnicera

ENGLISH
travel agent's
bank
telephone box
caf
butcher's

ENGLISH
baker's
bank
bookshop
bus stop
butcher's

SPANISH
panadera
banco
librera
parada de autobus
carnicera

farmacia
ferretera
floristera
frutera
hipermercado
joyera
lavandera
librera
ptico
panadera
papelera
parada de autobus
pastelera
peluquera
pescadera
supermercado
tienda de ropas
tienda de discos
tienda de deportes
tintorera
zapatera

chemist's
hardware shop
florist's
greengrocer's
hypermarket
jeweller's
laundry
bookshop
optician's
baker's
stationer's
bus stop
cake shop
hairdresser's
fish shop
supermarket
clothes shop
record shop
sports shop
dry cleaner's
shoe shop

caf
cake shop
clothes shop
chemist's
dry cleaner's
fish shop
florist's
greengrocer's
hairdresser's
hardware shop
hypermarket
jeweller's
laundry
optician's
record shop
sports shop
stationer's
supermarket
telephone box
travel agent's
shoe shop

cafeteria
pastelera
tienda de ropas
farmacia
tintorera
pescadera
floristera
frutera
peluquera
ferretera
hipermercado
joyera
lavandera
ptico
tienda de discos
tienda de deportes
papelera
supermercado
cabina de telfono
agencia de viajes
zapatera

66 ESSENTIAL PHRASAL VERBS (INTERMEDIATE)

AGREE WITH - estar de acuerdo - "All women are bad drivers." "I don't agree with you."
BE ABOUT TO - estar a punto de -I was about to leave the house when my friends arrived.
BE BACK - regresar -I'm working late at the office tonight so I won't be back until 10.
BE OUT OF - quedarse sin - We're out of eggs so we can't make a tortilla.
BE OVER - terminarse - When the football match was over, we went to the pub.
BE UP - estar levantado - "Phil isn't up yet: he's still in bed. Phone again in ten minutes."
BLOW UP - estallar (una bomba) - The bomb blew up killing six people.
BLOW UP - inflar - We blew up at least a hundred balloons for the Christmas party.
BREAK DOWN - averiarse - My car broke down on the way to Motril.
CALL BACK - volver a llamar - "I'm afraid the manager isn't here at the moment. Could you
call back later?"
CARRY ON - seguir. Continuar - I'm sorry if I interrupted you. Please carry on.
CARRY OUT - cumplir (una promesa) - The President carried out his promise to reduce
taxation.
CARRY OUT - llevar a cabo - The execution was carried out at seven o'clock in the morning.
CLEAR UP - poner en orden - It took four hours to clear up after the party.
COME ACROSS - encontrar, dar con - I came across an old friend on the metro in Madrid.
COME BACK - regresar - I'm going to England for two weeks. I'm coming back on the fifth.
COME IN - entrar - "Good morning. Come in and sit down."
COME ON - Vamos!, Date prisa! - Come on. We're going to be late.
CUT DOWN ON - consumir menos - You must cut down on cholesterol or you'll have a heart
attack.
CUT OFF - cortar, desconnectar - When we didn't pay the bill, the electricity was cut off.
CUT UP - cortar en pedazos - We cut up the birthday cake and gave everyone a slice.
DO UP - abrochar, atar - I was five before I knew how to do up my shoelaces.
DO WITH - tener algo que ver con, tener relacin con - "What's MS DOS?" "It's got something
to do with computers."
DO WITHOUT - pasarse sin, prescindir de - The shops are shut so we'll have to do without
sugar.

Sarah and John 1996 (c) http://www.lingolex.com/espan.htm

DRAW UP - pararse - The car drew up at the zebra crossing.
GET BACK - volver, regresar - Cinderella had to get back by twelve o'clock.
GET IN(TO) - entrar - I lost my keys and so I couldn't get into the house.
GET OFF - bajar (de un autobus, tren) - You have to get off the bus at the next stop if you want
the station.
GET ON - subir (a un autobus, tren, moto) - Quick! Get on the train, it's about to leave.
GET UP - levantarse - When I got up this morning it was still dark.
GIVE BACK - devolver - If you don't like the dress, the shop will give you your money back.
GIVE UP - perder la esperanza, rendirse - If you find phrasal verbs difficult, don't give up.
GIVE UP - dejar (de fumar, beber) - You'll get cancer if you don't give up smoking.
GO AHEAD - Siga! - "Can I use the telephone?" "Yes, go ahead."
GO AWAY - irse, marcharse - Are you going away for Christmas, or are you staying at home.
GO BACK - volver, regresar - Although she's forty, she's going back to University to study
French.
GO DOWN - bajar - The price of fruit goes down in the summer.
GO OUT - salir (por la calle) - I always go out and have a few drinks on Saturday night.
GO UP - subir - The price of cigarettes went up in January 1992.
HANG ON/HOLD ON - esperar - Hold on for a minute as Pablo will be back in five minute.
HANG UP - colgar (el telfono) - My ex-girlfriend hung up when I phoned her.
KEEP UP WITH - mantenerse (a la altura de) - I can't keep up with my father when we go
cycling as he goes too fast.
KNOCK DOWN - derribar, atropear, demoler - My grandfather's old house was knocked down
and a bank was built.
LEAVE BEHIND - olvidar, dejar - When I got to the airport, I realised I had left my passport
behind.
LET IN - dejar entrar - She opened the door and let in the cat.
LOOK AFTER - cuidar - My mother looks after the children when we go away.
LOOK FOR - buscar - I spent two hours looking for my glasses before I found them.
LOOK FORWARD TO - esperar con ilusin - I'm looking forward to the Easter holidays.
LOOK OUT - tener cuidado, Ojo! Look out! - There's a car coming. JOHN & SARAH 1996
(c)
LOOK UP - buscar algo (en un libro, diccionario) - If you don't understand the word, look it up
in a dictionary.
Sarah and John 1996 (c) http://www.lingolex.com/espan.htm
PUT IN - meter, introducir - Put ten pence in the machine and you will get a cup of coffee.
PUT ON - encender - Put on the light, it's getting dark.
PUT ON - ponerse (la ropa) - Put your coat on or you'll get cold.
RUN OUT OF - quedars sin algo We ran out of petrol so we had to get the bus.
SET OFF - ponerse en camino - We set off to Madrid at five o'clock to avoid the traffic.
TAKE AFTER - parecerse a - Pablo takes after his mother: they are both optimistic.
TAKE OFF - despegar - The flight was delayed for two hours and the plane eventually took off
at 6 p.m.
TAKE OFF - quitarse la ropa - Take off your coat and make yourself comfortable.
TAKE OUT - extraer, sacar - He took out a cigarette and lit it.
THROW AWAY - tirar (en la basura) - Don't throw these papers away: they're important.
TURN DOWN - bajar (el volumen) - Turn down the radio: it's too loud.
TURN UP - poner el volumen ms fuerte - Turn up the radio. I can't hear it.
TURN ON - encender (televisin, luces etc.) - Turn on the television, please, I want to see the
news.
Ms de 200 palabras que terminan con -ation

Abbreviation

Abreviatura, Abreviacin

Abdication

Abdicacin

Acclamation

Aclamacin

Accumulation

Acumulacin

Administration

Administracin

Admiration

Admiracin

Adoration

Adoracin

Affirmation

Afirmacin

Agglomeration

Aglomeracin

Agitation

Agitacin

Allegation

Alegacin

Animation

Animacin

Anticipation

Anticipacin

Application

Aplicacin

Assassination

*Asesinato

Assimilation

Asimilacin

Association

Asociacin

Authentication

Autenticacin

Authorization

Autorizacin

Automation

Automatizacin

Aviation

Aviacin

Celebration

Celebracin

Cessation

Cesacin

Circulation

Circulacin

Civilization

Civilizacin

Classification

Clasificacin

Collaboration

Colaboracin

Combination

Combinacin

Commemoration

Conmemoracin

Commendation

Recomendacin

Communication

Comunicacin

Compensation

Compensacin

Compilation

Compilacin

Concentration

Concentracin

Condemnation

Condenacin

Condensation

Condensacin

Confirmation

Confirmacin

Confiscation

Confiscacin

Confrontation

**Enfrentamiento

Congratulation

Feliciatin

Congregation

Congregacin

Consideration

Consideracin

Consolation

*Consuelo

Constellation

Constelacin

Consternation

Consternacin

Consultation

Consultacin

Contamination

Contaminacin

Contemplation

Contemplacin

Continuation

Continuacin

Conversation

Conversacin

Cooperation

Cooperacin

Coronation

Coronacin

Corporation

Corporacin

Correlation

Correlacin

Corroboration

Corroboracin

Creation

Creacin

Cultivation

Cultivo*

Declaration

Declaracin

Degeneration

Degeneracin

Degradation

Degradacin

Delegation

Delegacin

Deliberation

Deliberacin

Delineation

Delineacin

Demonstration

Demostracin Manifestacin (protest)

Deregulation

Dereglamentacin

Derivation

Derivacin

Derogation

Detraccin

Desecration

Desecration

Desegregation

Desegregation

Desolation

Desolacin

Destination

Destino

Determination

Determinacin

Detestation

*Aborrecimiento

Detonation

Detonacin

Dictation

*Dictado

Differentiation

Differentiation

Discrimination

Discriminacin

Disputation

*disputa

Dissemination

Diseminacin

Documentation

Documentacin

Domestication

Domestication

Domination

Dominacin

Donation

Donacin

Duration

Duracin

Education

Educacin

Ejaculation

Eyaculacin

Elaboration

Elaboracin

Elevation

Elevacin

Elimination

Eliminacin

Emancipation

Emancipacin

Emulation

Emulacin

Equation

Ecuacin

Evacuation

Evacuacin

Exaggeration

Exageracin

Examination

*Examen

Exclamation

Exclamacin

Excommunication

*Excomunin

Expectation

*Expectativa

Experimentation

Experimentacin

Explanation

Explicacin

Exploration

Exploracin

Expostulation

Expostulation

Extermination

Exterminio

Exultation

Exultation

Facilitation

Facilitacin

Fascination

Fascinacin

Federation

Confederacin

Fermentation

Fermentacin

Formation

Formacin

Formulation

Frmulacin

Foundation

Fundacin

Generation

Generacin

Germination

Germinacin

Gratification

Gratificacin

Gravitation

Gravitacin

Hallucination

*Alucinacin

Hesitation

Vacilacin

Hibernation

Hibernacin

Humiliation

Humillacin

Identification

Identificacin

Illumination

Iluminacin

Illustration

Ilustracin

Imagination

Imaginacin

Imitation

Imitacin

Immigration

Inmigracin

Implication

Implicacin

Inclination

Inclinacin

Indentation

Indentacin

Indication

Indicacin

Indignation

Indignacin

Information

Informacin

Initiation

Iniciacin

Innovation

Innovacin

Inoculation

Inoculacin

Insinuation

Insinuacin

Inspiration

Inspiracin

Installation

Instalacin

Instigation

Provocacin

Interpretation

Interpretacin

Intimation

Intimacin

Intonation

Entonacin

Inundation

Inundacin

Investigation

Investigacin (research)

Invitation

Invitacin

Invocation

Invocacin

Isolation

Aislamiento

Justification

Justificacin

Lamentation

Lamentacin

Legislation

Legislacin

Limitation

Limitacin

Litigation

Litigacin

Location

Ubicacin

Maceration

Maceracin

Machination

Maquinacin

Manifestation

Manifestacin

Manipulation

Manipulacin

Mastication

Masticacin

Materialization

Materializacin

Meditation

Mediacin

Mineralisation

Mineralisation

Moderation

Moderacin

Modification

Modificacin

Mutilation

Mutilacin

Narration

Narracin

Nation

Nacin

Naturalization

Naturalizacin

Obligation

Obligacin

Observation

Observacin

Occupation

Ocupacin

Operation

Operacin

Organization

Organizacin

Orientation

Orientacin

Ovation

Ovacin

Overpopulation

*Superpoblacin

Participation

Participacin

Penetration

Penetracin

Perspiration

*Transpiracin

Perturbation

Perturbacin

Population

*Poblacin

Precipitation

Precipitacin

Predestination

Predestinacin

Premeditation

Premeditacin

Preparation

Preparacin

Presentation

Presentacin

Preservation

**Conservacin

Privation

Privacin

Proliferation

Proliferacin

Prolongation

Prolongacin

Pronunciation

Pronunciacin

Propagation

Propagacin

Provocation

Provocacin

Publication

Publicacin

Punctuation

Puntuacin

Qualification

**Cualificacin

Realization

Realizacin

Recitation

Recitacin

Reconciliation

Conciliacin

Recreation

Recreacin

Rectification

Rectificacin

Registration

Inscripcin

Regulation

Regulacin

Rehabilitation

Rehabilitacin

Relation

Relacin

Renunciation

Renunciacin

Reorganization

Reorganizacin

Representation

Representacin

Reprobation

Reprobation

Reputation

Reputacin

Respiration

Respiracin

Restoration

Restauracin

Retaliation

Retaliacin Represalia

Revelation

Revelacin

Salutation

Salutacin

Salvation

Salvacin

Segregation

Segregacin

Sensation

Sensacin

Separation

Separacin

Signification

Significacin

Simulation

Simulacin

Situation

Situacin

Sophistication

Sofisticacin

Speculation

Especulacin

Stagnation

*Estancacin Estancamiento

Starvation

**Inanicin

Station

Estacin

Stipulation

Estipulacin

Temptation

*Tentacin

Toleration

Tolerancia

Transfiguration

Transfiguracin

Transformation

Transformacin

Translation

*Traduccin

Transportation

Transportacin

Tribulation

Tribulacin

Trituration

Trituration

Vacation

Vacacin

Vegetation

Vegetacin

Veneration

Veneracin

Ventilation

Ventilacin

Verification

Verificacin

Violation

Violacin (usually means rape in Spanish)

Vocation

Vocacin

PALABRAS IGUALES EN INGLS Y ESPAOL

A
abdom alfalfa aorta
en
alias area
abdomi altar aria
nal
amateu armada
actor r
arterial
admira amen artificia

ble
amnesi
adobe
a
adopta
l
amoral
ble
asexual
anal
adorabl
astral
angora
e
atlas
angular
aerosol
audio
animal
agape
aura
antisoc
agenda
auto
ial
album
azalea
anorexi
albino
a
alcohol
B
badmin base bingo
ton
begoni bisexua
backga a
l
mmon bestial boa
balance benefa bolero
balsa ctor bonanz
banana bicep a
bar
bidet boutiqu
barman bikini e
barracu bilatera bridge
da
l
brutal
basilica bluff bulimia
C
cabaret cereal confusi
cable cerebra on
cactus l
conside
cadaver ceremo rable
cafe nial
consul
cafeteri cervica consula
a
l
r
calibre chalet contine
canal charlat ntal
cancer an
contralt
canon cheque o
canton chocol control
capital ate
contusi
capon circula on
carbon r
convert
carcino circum ible
ma
cision convoy
cardina civil convuls
l
clerical ion
caries climax coral
carnal clitoris cordial
cartel club cordon
carton coaxial cornea
casino cobra corrosi
cassette colonia on
catama l
cosmos
ran
collar cosmop
caviar colon olitan
Celsius coma crater

combu
stible crescen
combu do
stion crimina
celestia compar l
l
able crisis
central compat croquet
centuri ible
crucial
on
concert culpabl
ina
e
conduc cultural
tor
curable
conclu cursor
sion
D
detecti
daiquirive
dean detente
decima detesta
l
ble
dispens
decisio detract able
n
or
diva
debate diabete divan
debut s
division
debuta diagon divisibl
nte
al
e
decima dial
doctor
l
dictato doctrin
decisio rial
al
n
diesel dogma
de
digesti domino
facto ble
doping
deficit digital dorsal
delta dimens dragon
dental ion
drama
deplora diplom duplex
ble
a
dumpin
dermati directo g
tis
r
detecto disco
r
diskett
e
E
eclipse emir excursi
editoria emulsi on
l
on
expansi
egoma enigma on
nia
Episco experi
elector pal
mental
electro erosion explosi
electro error on
n
exclusi expulsi
elemen on
on
tal
euro extensi
elision evasio on

exterior
elixir n
extra
embarg execra extracto
o
ble
r
eczema
F
Formic
a
facial fibrosis formida
facsimi film ble
le
final formula
factor flexibl fraterna
l
familia e
r
flora fresco
fatal floral frontal
fauna flotilla frugal
fax
folio fundam
federal folklor ental
funeral
femur e
festival forceps funicul
feudal formal ar
fusion
G
genital
gaga gigolo granula
gala giro r
gangste glacial gratis
r
glandul grave
gardeni ar
gringo
a
glauco groggy
gas
ma
guano
gay
global guerrill
gene gondol a
general a
guinea
genesis golf guru
gradual
H
habeas
corpus handic
homose
habitab ap
xual
le
hangar
horizon
habitat hockey
tal
habitua hobby
horror
l
hepatiti
hospital
haciend s
hotel
a
hernia
halitosi hippie
s
I
idea incons insular
ideal olable insuper
imagin incurab able
able le
intangi
imperc incursi ble

eptible on
impermindestr
eable uctible integral
impers
interco
onal indecis ntinenta
impertu ion
l
rbable individ interior
implac ual
intermi
able industr nable
imperc ial
interper
eptible inevita sonal
imperia ble
intestin
l
inexcu al
impers sable intolera
onal indecis ble
impertu ion
invasio
rbable Inexor n
impond able invento
erable inexpli r
impost cable invisibl
or
inferior e
impreci inferna in vitro
sion l
invulne
impract inflexi rable
icable ble
irascibl
incomp inform e
arable al
irrefuta
inaudib infusio ble
le
n
irregula
inaugur insepar r
al
able irrepara
incalcu insigni ble
lable a
irresisti
inciden inspect ble
tal
or
irrevoc
incogni instruct able
to
or
irritable
incomp instru
arable mental
J
jeep
Jacuzzi
jersey judicial
jade
jockey judo
jaguar
joggin junta
jazz
g
K
kayak
karate
kilo
kiwi
L
larva lector limbo
lasagna legal literal
laser legible llama
lateral legion local
latex lesion logo
laurel liberal lumbag

lava

libido

o
lunar

M
matern
minibar
al
machet
miniser
matrim
e
ie
onial
machis
ministe
maxi
mo
rial
mediev
Macho
miserab
al
macro
le
medioc
maestr
modem
re
o
modula
mega
mafia
r
megab
magent
molecul
yte
a
ar
melano
magnat
monitor
ma
e
mono
melodr
magnol
moral
ama
ia
Mormo
melon
malaria
n
memor
mandar
mortal
able
in
mosquit
mening
mango
o
itis
mania
motel
menstr
mansio
motor
ual
n
multi
mental
manual
multicu
menu
margin
ltural
mercur
al
multilat
ial
marihu
eral
metal
ana
multipl
miasm
marsup
e
a
ial
multira
mica
martini
cial
micro
mason
munici
microfi
matado
pal
lm
r
mural
minera
mate
muscul
l
materia
ar
mini
l
musical
minibu
mutual
s
N
negro noble
neo
nomina
napalm
neuro l
nasal
neuralg normal
natural
ia
nostalgi
nausea
neurosi a
naval
s
notable
nave
neutral nuclear
nectar
neutro numera
n
l
O
oasis operabloregano

e
oriental
opinio original
oboe
n
orname
octago
oral ntal
nal
oratori osteopo
opera
o
rosis
ordinal oval
P
penal
penins
post
ula
postal
pensio
pagoda
practica
n
palpabl
ble
percept
e
prenatal
ible
pan
prescrib
periton
panace
e
itis
a
present
perfum
pancrea
able
e
s
preside
permea
panda
pretensi
ble
panel
on
perpen
panora
primate
dicular
ma
primord
person
papa
ial
al
papal
princip
persuas
par
al
ion
paranoi
prior
pervers
a
probabl
ion
paranor
e
peseta
mal
profusi
piano
particul
on
picnic
ar
propaga
pingpasta
nda
pong
pastel
propuls
pizza
pastora
ion
pizzeri
l
proscri
a
pastor
be
placeb
paterna
protect
o
l
or
placent
pate
proton
al
patio
provinc
plasma
patron
ial
plausib
peculia
provisi
le
r
on
playbo
pedal
provisi
y
pedesta
onal
plural
l
pubis
polar
pelvis
pseudo
polio
pubis
poncho
puma
popula
puzzle
r
R
racial reflect revision
radar or
revolve

region
regiona
l
radial
regular r
radical
religio rifle
radio
n
ritual
Ramad
renal rival
an
reparab robot
rayon
le
rodeo
reactor
replica romanc
recital
requie e
record
m
rector
rectang
residua rotor
ular
l
rugby
rector
retina rural
reduce
retro
reunio
n
S
sonar
sonata
sacram
soprano
ental
suave
serial
saga
sub
series
sake
sublimi
sermon
saliva
nal
sexual
salmon
subnor
siesta
salon
mal
silicosi
sarcom
subtotal
s
a
subtrop
silo
sauna
ical
similar
secular
subvers
simple
sedan
ion
singula
semen
suite
r
semi
sultan
slalom
semibr
sumo
slogan
eve
superfic
sociabl
semiial
e
final
superio
social
sensor
r
soda
sensual
superso
sofa
sentime
nic
solar
ntal
supervi
solo
separab
sion
soluble
le
supervi
sepia
sor
suspens
ion
T
Tabasc tendon total
o
tenor transce
tampon termin ndental
tandem al
transfus
tangibl terrible ion
e
terror triangul

tango textual ar
tapioca tibia tribunal
tarantul tilde triceps
a
timbre trio
tarot tombol triple
taxi
a
tropical
televisi tornad tuba
on
o
tubercu
trans torped losis
trauma o
tubular
tri
torso tutor
U
ultra
univers
umbilic
union al
al
unisex usual
unilater
utopia
al
V
variabl
e
virus
vagina
vertical visa
Velcro
vertigo visible
venal
veto vista
venera
video visual
ble
vigilan vital
venial
te
voltage
verbal
viola vulgar
version
violin vulnera
vertebr
virtual ble
a
virtuos vulva
o

Pronombres Nom.

Ejemplos

I (i) - Yo

I am a teacher - (yo) soy un profesor

I live in Argentina - (yo) vivo en Argentina
I work here too- (yo) trabajo aqu tambin

You (i) - Ud, T

You are not a teacher - (t) no eres profesor

You don't live in Argentina - (t) no vives en Argentina
You don't work here either - (t) no trabajas aqu tampoco

He (j) - l

He is married - (l) est casado

He has two children - (l) tiene dos hijos
He lives in a house - (l) vive en una casa

She (sh) - Ella

She is not married - (ella) no est casada

She doesn't have any children - (ella) no tiene hijos
She doesn't live in a house - (ella) no vive en una casa

It is late - (referido a la hora) es tarde

It (it) - l , ella -objeto- It is cold - (referido a la temperatura) est fro
It is not difficult - (referido a algo) no es difcil
We (u) - Nosotros

We are here to learn - (nosotros) estamos aqu para aprender

We want to learn soon - (nosotros) queremos aprender pronto

We don't want to waste time - (nosotros) no queremos perder tiempo

You (i)- Ustedes

You are musicians - (Uds) son msicos

You play musical instruments - (Uds) tocan instrumentos musicales
You have to practice a lot - (Uds) tienen que practicar mucho

They (di) - Ellos,

Ellas

They live in Italy - (ellos) viven en Italia

They don't speak English - (ellos) no hablan Ingls
They are going to study English - (ellos) van a estudiar Ingls

Pronombres Acusa.

Ejemplos

me (mi) - me, m

She loves me - Ella me ama

They take me home - Ellos me llevan a casa
Can you show me the city ? - Puedes mostrarme la ciudad?
Dou you have anything for me ? - Tens algo para m?
They will go with me - Ellos irn conmigo

They want to tell you something - Ellos quieren decirte algo

I don't understand you -Yo no te endiendo
you (i) - te, t, tu, Ud She is giving you some details - Ella te est dando algunos detalles
This present is for you - Este regalo es para t
We want to work without you - Nosotros queremos trabajar sin t

him (jim) - le, lo, l

She doesn't love him anymore- Ella no lo ama ms

They don't remember him - Ellos no lo recuerdan
She is looking at him - Ella lo est mirando
Everybody is against him - Todos estn en contra de l
Nobody wants to be near him - Nadie quiere estar cerca de l

her (jer) - le, la, ella

I don't know her - No la conozco

They will see her tonight - Ellos la vern esta noche
Leave her alone! - Djala sola !
A crowd is around her - Una multidtud est alrededor de ella
There is a letter for her - Hay una carta para ella

It (it) - le, lo, la, ello

I have a new car. I have it here - Tengo un auto nuevo. Lo tengo

aqu
Do you see it ? - Lo ves?
Don't break it ! - No lo rompas!
There is a cat under it - Hay un gato debajo de l
And I also see a woman in it - Y tambin veo una mujer en l

He doesn't know us - l no nos conoce

They are telling us something - Ellos nos estn diciendo algo
Are you insulting us ? - Nos ests insultando ?
us (as) - nos, nosotros
Is there any doctor among us ? - Hay algn mdico entre
nosotros ?
This present is for us - Este regalo es para nosotros
you (i)- les, ustedes

They want to tell you something - Ellos quieren decirles algo (a

Uds)
I don't understand you -Yo no les endiendo (a Uds)
She is giving you some details - Ella les est dando algunos
detalles
This present is for you - Este regalo es para ustedes
We want to work without you - Nosotros queremos trabajar sin
ustedes
--Son los mismos ejemplos que YOU de arriba-- pero cambia el

sentido

them (dem) - les, los,

las, ellos, ellos

I have two dogs. I have them here - Tengo dos perros. Los tengo
aqu.
Do you want to see them ? - Quers verlos?
Don't touch them ! - No los toques!
Nobody can stay near them - Nadie puede quedarse cerca de ellos
I have to keep them inside - Tengo que mantenerlos adentro

Pronombres Reflex.

Ejemplos

myself (maislf)
me , yo mismo

I cut myself - Me cort

I painted the house myself - Pint la casa yo mismo
I am here by myself - Estoy aqu solo

yourself (iorslf)
te, se, t mismo

You will hurt yourself with that ax - Te lastimars con esa hacha
You have not been yourself lately - No has sido t mismo
ultimamente
Did you go by yourself ? - Fuiste solo?

himself (jimslf)
se, l mismo

He looked at himself in the mirror - Se mir en el espejo

He himself prepared everything - l mismo prepar todo
He learns English by himself - l aprende ingls solo

herself (jerslf)
se, ella misma

She burned herself cooking - Ella se quem cocinando

She sees herself as a good mother - Ella se ve como una buena
madre
She can not do that by herself - Ella no puede hacer eso sola

itself (itslf)
se

That computer can repair itself - Esa compu se puede reparar sola
The dog was washing itself - El perro se estaba lavando
The bird threw itself into the water - El pjaro se arroj al agua

We put ourselves in great risk - Nos pusimos en gran riesgo

ourselves (ourslvs)
Can we do that ourselves ? Podemos hacer eso nosotros mismos?
nos, nosotros mismos We ourselves repaired the car - Nosotros mismos reparamos el
auto
yourselves (iorslvs)
se, ustedes mismos

You will hurt yourselves with that - Ustedes se lastimarn con eso
You have to wash yourselves now - Ustedes tienen que lavarse
ahora
You must do that by yourselves - Uds. deben hacer eso solos

The boys bought themselves a dog - Los chicos se compraron un

themselves (demslvs) perro
se, ellos mismos
They decided that by themselves - Ellos solos decidieron eso
They will take care of if themselves - Ellos mismos lo van a cuidar
Pronombres Reflex.

Ejemplos

my (mi)
mi, mis

I am calling my girlfriend - Estoy llamando a mi novia

My brothers are working - Mis hermanos estn trabajando

your (ir)
tu, tus, su, sus

Your problems are not so bad - Tus problemas no son tan malos
What is your name ? - Cul es tu nombre?

his (jis)
su, sus

He is washing his car - l esta lavando su auto

He wants to sell his house - l quiere vender su casa.

her (jer)
su, sus

She went to her English class - Ella fue a su clase de ingls

Her teachers are very strict - Sus profesores son muy estrictos

its (its)

The house has a hole in its roof - La casa tiene un hueco en su

su, sus

techo
Its size is big - Su tamao es grande

We are painting our furniture - Estamos pintando nuestros

our (ur)
muebles
nuestro/a, nuestros/as
Argentina is our country - Argentina es nuestro pas
your (ir)
su, sus, vuestro,
vuestros

You will finish your work soon - Ustedes terminarn su trabajo

pronto
Will you bring your instruments ? - Traern sus instrumentos?

their (dr)
su, sus

They are educating their son - Ellos estn educando a su hijo

They love their children- Ellos aman a sus hijos

Pronombres Reflex.

Ejemplos

mine (min)
Your family is with mine - Tu familia est con la ma
(el/la/lo/los/las) mo/a His grades are better than mine - Sus notas son mejores que las
mos/as
mas
yours (irs)
My dog is here. Yours is there- Mi perro est aqu. El tuyo est all
(el/la/lo/los/las) tuyo/a
That problem is yours - Ese problema es tuyo
tuyos/as
his (jis)
I drive my car and he drives his - Yo manejo mi auto y l el suyo
(el/la/lo/los/las) suyo/a
Those books are his - Esos libros son suyos (de l)
suyos/as
My shoes are black. Hers are brown - Mis zapatos son negros. Los
hers (jers)
de ella son marrones
(el/la/lo/los/las) suyo/a
My car is faster than hers - Mi auto es ms rpido que el suyo (de
suyos/as
ella)
Their city is old. Ours is new - Su ciudad es vieja. La nuestra es
ours (urs)
nueva.
(el/la/lo/los/las)
Their country is bigger than ours - Su pas es ms grande que el
nuestro/a, nuestros/as
nuestro
yours (irs)
(el/la/lo/los/las)
vuestro/a vuestros/as

Our language is nice. Yours is practical - Nuestro idioma es lindo.

El de Uds. es prctico
Our house is next to yours - Nuestra casa est al lado de la de Uds.

Our city is as nice as theirs - Nuestra ciudad es tan linda como la

theirs (drs)
de ellos
(el/la/lo/los/las) suyo/a
My appartment is near. Theirs is far. - Mi departamento est
suyos/as
cerca. El de ellos est lejos

WH - QUESTIONS
What ? - Qu? Cul? Cules?

How often ? - Con qu frecuencia?

What else? - Qu ms?

How long ? - Cunto tiempo? Qu longitud?

Which ? - Qu? Cul? Cules?

How long ago? - Hace cunto tiempo?

How ? - Cmo? Cun?

How old ? - Qu edad? Cun viejo?

How else ? - De qu otra manera?

How soon ? - Cun pronto?

When ? - Cundo?

How big ? - Qu tamao? Cun grande?

Where ? - Dnde? Adnde?

How far ? - A qu distancia? Cun lejos?

Where else ? - Dnde ms?

How tall ? - Qu estatura? Cun alto?

Why ? - Por qu? Para qu?

How deep ? - Qu profundidad?

Who ? - Quin? Quienes?

How early ? - Cun temprano?

Who else? - Quin ms?

How late ? - Cun tarde?

Whom ? - A quin? A quines?

How heavy ? - Qu peso? Cun pesado?

Whose ? - De quin? De quines?

How thick ? - Qu espesor? Cun grueso?

How much ? - Cunto/a?

What time ? - Qu hora? A qu hora?

Terminaciones

Verbos terminados en...

Ver Sustantivos

Ver Adjetivos

ate ize ish ore oy

est ess ute ose ede eve ect ase ive ist

en

ine rm ort pt

ude end ent ain are ade ume ult ly

ire use

it
Verbo

ict

Sustantivo

abominate - (abminit)

abomination

accelerate - (akslerit)

acceleration

accomodate - (acmodit) alojar

accomodation

accumulate - (akimulit)

accumulation

activate - (ktivit)

activity

adulterate - (adlterit)

adulteration

advocate - (dvokit) - abogar por

advocacy

aggravate - (gravit)

aggravation

agitate - (yitit)

agitation

alienate - (ilienit)

alienation

allocate - (lokit) asignar

allocation

alternate - (lternit)

alternation

amalgamate - (amlgamit)

amalgamation

amputate - (mpiutit)

amputation

animate - (nimit)

animation

annihilate - (anielit)

annihilation

anticipate - (antcipit)

anticipation

appreciate - (aprsiit)

appreciation

appropriate - (aprpriit)

appropriation

articulate - (artkiulit)

articulation

assassinate - (assinit)

assassination

associate - (asusiit)

association

calculate - (clkiulit)

calculation

celebrate - (clebrit)

celebration

circulate - (srkiulit)

circulation

commemorate - (commorit)

commemoration

communicate - (cominikit)

communication

fer fy

compensate - (cmpensit)

compensation

complicate - (cmplikit)

complication

concentrate - (cncentrit)

concentration

conciliate - (consliit)

conciliation

confiscate - (cnfiskit)

confiscation

conglomerate - (conglmerit)

conglomeration

congratulate - (congrtiulit)

congratulations

congregate - (cngreguit)

congregation

consolidate - (conslidit)

consolidation

contaminate - (contminit)

contamination

contemplate - (cntemplit)

contemplation

cooperate - (coperit)

cooperation

coordinate - (cordinit)

coordination

correlate - (crrelit)

coorelation

corroborate - (corrborit)

corroboration

create - (criit)

creation

culminate - (clminit)

culmination

cultivate - (cltivit)

cultivation

debate - (dibit)

debate

decorate - (dcorit)

decoration

dedicate - (ddicate)

dedication

deflate - (dflit) - desinflar

deflation

degenerate - (deynerit)

degeneration

delegate - (dleguit)

delegation

deliberate - (delberit)

deliberation

demonstrate - (dmonstrit)

demonstration

denigrate - (dnigrit)

denigration

designate - (dsignit)

designation

deteriorate - (detriorit)

deterioration

detonate - (dtonit)

detonation

devastate - (dvastit)

devastation

deviate - (dviit) - desviarse

deviation

dictate - (dctit)

dictation

differentiate - (difernshiit)

differentiation

discriminate - (discrminit)

discrimination

dislocate - (dsloukit)

dislocation

disseminate - (disminit)

dissemination

dissipate - (dsipit)

dissipation

dissociate - (disushiit)

dissociation

domesticate - (domstikit)

domestication

dominate - (dminit)

domination

donate - (dunit)

donation

duplicate - (dplikit)

duplication

educate - (dchukit)

education

elaborate - (elborit)

elaboration

elevate - (levit)

elevation

eliminate - (elminit)

elimination

elongate - (longuit)

elongation

elucidate - (elcidit)

elucidation

emanate - (manit)

emanation

emancipate - (imncipit)

emancipation

emigrate - (migrit)

emigration

enunciate - (innciit)

enunciation

equate - (kuit) - equiparar

equation

eradicate - (errdikit)

erradication

escalate - (scalit) - intensificarse

escalation

estimate - (stimit)

estimation

evacuate - (ivkiuit)

evacuation

evaluate - (evliuit)

evaluation

evaporate - ()

evaporation

exaggerate - ()

exaggeration

exasperate - ()

exasperation

excavate - ()

excavation

execrate - ()

execration

exonerate - ()

exoneration

exterminate - ()

extermination

extortionate - ()

extortion

facilitate - ()

facilitation

fascinate - ()

fascination

fluctuate - ()

fluctuation

formulate - ()

formulation

frustate - ()

frustration

germinate - ()

germination

gesticulate - ()

gesticulation

graduate - ()

graduation

hesitate - ()

hesitation

humiliate - ()

humiliation

illustrate - ()

illustration

imitate - ()

imitation

impersonate - ()

impersonation

implicate - ()

implication

incarnate - ()

incarnation

incinerate - ()

incineration

incorporate - ()

incorporation

incriminate - ()

incrimination

indicate - ()

indication

infiltrate - ()

infiltration

inflate - ()

inflation

initiate - ()

initiation

insinuate - ()

insinuation

instigate - ()

instigation

insulate - ()

insulation

integrate - ()

integration

intimidate - ()

intimidation

intoxicate - ()

intoxication

invalidate - ()

invalidation

investigate - ()

investigation

irrigate - ()

irrigation

isolate - ()

isolation

lacerate

laceration

legislate

legislation

liberate

liberation

liquidate

liquidation

litigate

litigation

locate

location

lubricate

lubrication

mitigate

mitigation

moderate

moderation

motivate

motivation

mutilate

mutilation

narrate

narration

navigate

navigation

negotiate

negotiation

nominate

nomination

obliterate

obliteration

originate

origination

oscillate

oscillation

overestimate

overestimation

penetrate

penetration

perforate

perforation

perpetrate

perpetration

perpetuate

perpetuity

placate

placation

postulate

postulation

precipitate

precipitation

predominate

predominance

procrastinate

procrastination

radiate

radiation

refrigerate

refrigeration

rehabilitate

rehabilitation

regenerate

regeneration

regulate

regulation

relate

relation

repudiate

repudiation

retaliate

retaliation

resuscitate

resuscitation

reverberate

reverberation

rotate

rotation

saturate

saturation

segregate

degregation

separate

separation

speculate

speculation

stimulate

stimulation

stipulate

stipulation

suffocate

suffocation

tabulate

tabulation

tolerate

toleration

translate

translation

underestimate

underestimation

urinate

urination

vegetate

vegetation

venerate

veneration

ventilate

ventilation

vibrate

vibration

vindicate

vindication
Situaciones

Common Expressions

Expresiones comunes

At the Airport

En el aeropuerto

At the Hotel

En el Hotel

At the Restaurant

En el Restaurante

Traveling by Bus (Train)

Viajando en Tren

Public Transportation

Transporte Pblico

Shopping

De compras

At the Post Office

En el correo

Speaking on the telephone

Hablando por telfono

At the Doctors

En el consultorio del doctor

At the Drugstore

En la farmacia

At the Bank

En el banco

Movies - Theater - Concerts

Cine y Teatro
To Do / To Make

Los verbos to do y to make significan "hacer" pero se utilizan en forma diferente. Aqu hay
algunos ejemplos:

Mrs. Jones is a housewife

La seora Jones es una ama de casa
She has to do the housework
Ella tiene que hacer el trabajo de la casa

She has to make the beds

Ella tiene que hacer las camas

She has to do the cooking

Ella tiene que cocinar

She has to make breakfast

Ella tiene que hacer el desayuno

She has to do the washing up

Ella tiene que fregar los platos

She has to make lunch

Ella tiene que hacer el almuerzo

She has to do the washing/the laundry

Ella tiene que lavar la ropa sucia

She has to make dinner

Ella tiene que hacer la cena

She has to do the shopping

Ella tiene que hacer las compras

She has to make coffee/tea

Ella tiene que hacer caf/t

She has to do the ironing

Ella tiene que planchar la ropa

She has to make a cake

Ella tiene que hacer un torta

She has to do the dusting

Ella tiene que quitar el polvo a las cosas

She has to make sure that the house is in order

Ella tiene que asegurarse que la casa est en
orden

Mr. Jones is a businessman

El seor Jones es un empresario
He is doing business with important companies
He would like to make a long trip/journey
l est haciendo negocios con firmas
Le gustara hacer un largo viaje
importantes

He is doing well in his job

Va bien en su trabajo

His employees make fun of him

Sus empleados se burlan de l

He does his best to improve his company

Hace lo mejor que puede para mejorar su
empresa

He has to make a speech for a meeting

Tiene que hacer un discurso para una reunin
He has to make decisions every day
Tiene que tomar desiciones todos los das

He is making a lot of money

Est haciendo un montn de dinero

His secretary makes appointments for him

Su secretaria arregla citas para l

He is making a fortune
Est haciendo una fortuna

She also makes telephone calls and

reservations
Tambin hace llamadas telefnicas y reservas

He doesn't like to make mistakes

No le gusta equivocarse

He says that his employees make trouble

l dice que sus empleados causan problemas

Sometimes he makes a fuss when something

goes wrong
Algunas veces arma un lo cuando algo sale
mal

He also says that women make a lot of noise

Tambin dice que las mujeres hacen mucho
ruido

He rarely makes jokes

Casi nunca hace chistes

He often makes a fool of himself

A menudo se pone en ridculo

He doesn't have much time to make friends

No tiene mucho tiempo para hacer amigos

He makes use of his authority to threaten

people
Utiliza su autoridad para amenazar a las
personas

He is making an effort to increase sales

Est haciendo un esfuerzo para aumentar las
ventas

Some of his decisions don't make sense

Algunas de sus decisiones no tienen sentido

Otros Ejemplos
John is doing badly at school (he is not doing well) - John no va bien en la escuela
He doesn't like to do his homework - No le gusta hacer su tarea
The hurricane did a lot of damage in the area - El huracn caus mucho dao en la zona
The policeman was doing his duty when he arrested the thief - El polica estaba cumpliendo
con su deber cuando arrest al ladrn
Mary did her hair and her face and left for the party - Mary se pein, se maquill y sali para la
fiesta
"Can you do me a favor ?"- Me pods hacer un favor?
"I want to make a complaint about the service in this hotel" - Quiero presentar una queja sobre
el servicio en este hotel
The man and the woman were making love in the back seat of their car - El hombre y la mujer
estaban haciendo el amor en el asiento trasero de su auto
Johnny made a mess in his room - Johnny hizo un desorden en su cuarto
Bill made his way to the university - Bill se dirigi a la universidad
Jane made an excuse and left - Jane se disculp y se march

"What are you doing here?" - Qu ests haciendo aqu?

Let's
El Let's (let us) se usa para hacer una sugerencia en la cul uno mismo se incluye
Let's

Let's not

Let's work - Trabajemos

Let's not hurry - No nos apuremos

Let's make a party - Hagamos una fiesta

Let's not do that - No hagamos eso

Let's buy some beers - Compremos algunas

cervezas

Let's not waste time - No desperdiciemos tiempo

Let's play basketball - Juguemos al bsketbol Let's not wait any more - No esperemos ms
Let's go to the movies - Vayamos al cine

Let's not go so fast - No vayamos tan rpido

Let's eat some ice creams - Comamos

algunos helados

Let's not drink so much - No tomemos tanto

Let's take a walk - Tomemos un paseo

Let's not talk about that - No hablemos de eso

Let's consider this problem - Consideremos

este problema

Let's not bother them - No los molestemos

Let's see what we can do - Veamos que

podemos hacer

Let's not interrupt - No interrumpamos

Let's try to do it - Tratemos de hacerlo

Let's not say anything - No digamos nada

Let's start with this - Comencemos con esto

Let's not argue again - No discutamos de nuevo

Let's finish that - Terminemos eso

Let's not be upset about it - No estemos molestos

por ello
Adverbios

Se clasifican en adverbios de:

TIEMPO

LUGAR FRECUENCIA MODO

GRADO ASERCIN RACIOCINIO

After - despus

Never - nunca

Afterwards - despus

Newly - recin

Again - otra vez

Next - luego

Already - ya

No longer - ya no

Always - siempre

Now - ahora

As soon as - tan pronto como

Now and then - de vez en cuando

At last - al fin

Often - a menudo

Before - antes

Presently - luego

Early - temprano

Seldom - rara vez

Ever - siempre, alguna vez

Shortly - en breve

Finally - finalmente

Since then - desde entonces

First - primeramente

Sometimes - algunas veces

Formerly - anteriormente

Soon - pronto

Hereafter - despus

Then - entonces

Last - por ltimo

Till now - hasta ahora

Lastly - finalmente

Today - hoy

Late - tarde

Tomorrow - maana

Lately - ltimamente

Until now - hasta ahora

Latterly - ltimamente

When - cuando

Long - mucho tiempo

Yesterday - ayer

Meanwhile - entretanto

Yet - todava

En forma afirmativa

En forma negativa

Come here - Ven aqu

Don't cross the street ! - No cruces la calle!

Go there - And all

Don't say that ! - No digas eso!

Open the door - Abr la puerta

Don't be so mean ! - No seas tan malo!

Leave me alone - Dejme solo

Don't fight ! - No peles!

Turn on the TV - Encend el televisor

Don't drink so much ! - No tomes tanto!

Turn off the radio - Apag la radio

Don't invite so many people ! - No invites

tantas personas!

Be careful - S cuidadoso

Don't make noise ! - No hagas ruido!

Let me see that - Dejme ver eso

Don't interrupt ! - No interrumpas!

Call me up - Llamme por telfono

Don't drive so fast ! -No conduzcas tan

rpido!

Finish that report - Termin ese informe

Don't be late ! - No llegues tarde!

Sit down - Sentte

Don't come so early ! - No vengas tan

temprano!

Stand up - Levantte

Don't buy so many things ! - No compres

tantas cosas!
Agreement
Tambin (too) (so) --- Tampoco (either) (neither)

Affirmative (too) (so)

Negative (either) (neither)

I am hungry, and so are you.

I am hungry, and you are too.

I am not tired, and neither are my friends.

I am not tired, and my friends are not either.

My wife is a lawyer, and so am I.

My wife is a lawyer, and I am too.

My sister is not here, and neither are my parents.

My sister is not here, and my parents are not
either.

She was here yesterday, and so was he.

She was here yesterday, and he was too.

They were not working, and neither was she.

They were not working, and she was not either.

They were working, and so was I.

They were working, and I was too.

She was not from Brazil, and neither are they.

She was not from Brazil, and they are not either.

I can swim, and so can my brother.

I can swim, and my brother can too.

I can't play chess, and neither can you.

I can't play chess, and you can't either.

I could finish on time, and so could my

colleagues.
I could finish on time, and my colleagues
could too.

She couldn't see the film, and neither could I.

She couldn't see the film, and I couldn't either.

They might go fishing, and so might we.

They might go fishing, and we might too.

He might not stay longer, and neither might we.

He might not stay longer, and we might not
either.

We must work hard, and so must he.

We must work hard, and he must too.

We must not be late, and neither must you.

We must not be late, and you must not either.

I should study more, and so should you.

I should study more, and you should too.

I shouldn't drink so much, and neither should

you.
I shouldn't drink so much, and you shouldn't
either.

They will go to the movies, and so will I.

They will go to the movies, and I will too.

They won't attend the concert, and neither will I.

They won't attend the concert, and I won't either.

We wouldn't work on Sundays, and neither

I would earn more, and so would my partner.
would she.
I would earn more, and my partner would
We wouldn't work on Sundays, and she wouldn't
too.
either.
Bill is going to rest, and so are his friends.
Bill is going to rest, and his friends are too.

Mary is not going to come, and neither are her

children.
Mary is not going to come, and her children
aren't either.

Jane studies German, and so do I.

Jane studies German, and I do too.

Susan doesn't know you, and neither do I.

Susan doesn't know you, and I don't either.

I don't like novels, and neither does my

I like to go fishing, and so does my brother. girlfriend.
I like to go fishing, and my brother does too. I don't like novels, and my girlfriend doesn't
either.
John cleaned the house, and so did his wife. Bill didn't come, and neither did his brother.
John cleaned the house, and his wife did too. Bill didn't come, and his brother didn't either.
Jack didn't bring anything, and neither did his
Jack worked hard, and so did his colleagues. sister.
Jack worked hard, and his colleagues did too. Jack didn't bring anything, and his sister didn't
either.
He has lived in this city for years, and so
have we.
He has lived in this city for years, and we
have too.

She has not seen that film yet, and neither has her
boyfriend.
She has not seen that film yet, and her boyfriend
hasn't either.

They have gone on vacation, and so has their

son.
They have gone on vacation, and their son
has too.

Billy has not finished his work yet, and neither

have his companions.
Billy has not finished his work yet, and his
companions haven't either.

I had heard a strange noise, and so had my

friend.
I had heard a strange noise, and my friend
had too.

He hadn't been there, and neither had his family.

He hadn't been there, and his family hadn't either.

They have time, and so do I.

They have time, and I do too.

They don't have money, and neither do we.

They don't have money, and we don't either.
There Be (impersonal)
ver + - ?

Conjugaciones
THERE IS (singular)

Significado
HAY

Ejemplos
There is a house

THERE ARE (plural)

HAY

There are two houses

THERE WAS (s)

HUBO, HABA

There was a party last night

THERE WERE (p)

HUBO, HABA

There were many people

THERE HAS BEEN (s)

HA HABIDO

There has been a hurricane

THERE HAVE BEEN (p)

HA HABIDO

There have been two hurricanes

THERE HAD BEEN

HABA HABIDO

There had been many problems

THERE WILL BE

HABR

There will be a party tonight

THERE IS GOING TO BE (s) VA A HABER

There is going to be a
celebration

THERE ARE GOING TO BE

(p)

VA A HABER

There are going to be many

guests

THERE WAS GOING TO BE

(s)

IBA A HABER

There was going to be a party

yesterday

THERE WERE GOING TO

BE (p)

IBA A HABER

There were going to be many

guests

THERE WILL HAVE BEEN

HABR HABIDO

There will have been much

money

THERE WOULD BE

HABRA

There would be an orchestra

THERE WOULD HAVE

BEEN

HABRA HABIDO

There would have been many

musicians

THERE CAN BE

PUEDE HABER

There can be a fire

THERE COULD BE

PODRA/ PUDO
HABER

There could be many injured

people

THERE MAY BE

PUEDE HABER

There may be a storm

THERE MIGHT BE

PODRA HABER

There might be blackouts

THERE SHOULD BE

DEBERA HABER

There should be a warning

THERE MUST BE

DEBE HABER

There must be a way out

THERE HAS TO BE (s)

TIENE QUE HABER

There has to be a solution

THERE HAVE TO BE (p)

TIENE QUE HABER

There have to be several

solutions

THERE HAD TO BE

TUVO/ TENA QUE

HABER

There had to be a cause

THERE COULD HAVE BEEN

PODRA/PUDO
HABER HABIDO

There could have been a mistake

THERE MIGHT HAVE BEEN

PODRA HABER
HABIDO

There might have been an

explosion

THERE SHOULD HAVE

BEEN

DEBERA HABER
HABIDO

There should have been

warnings

THERE MUST HAVE BEEN

DEBE HABER
HABIDO

There must have been an error

THERE HAS TO HAVE BEEN TIENE QUE HABER

(s)
HABIDO

There has to have been a reason

THERE HAVE TO HAVE

BEEN (p)

There have to have been many

reasons

TIENE QUE HABER

HABIDO

THERE HAD TO HAVE

BEEN

TUVO/TENA QUE
HABER HABIDO

There had to have been a

purpose

What happens ? ----------- Qu pasa

Affirmative-------Subject + V1

V1

V2

V3

I go to the office - Voy

go
a la oficina

went

gone

You come from Brazil

come
- Tu vienes de Brasil

came

come

She buys everything buy

Ella compra todo

bought

bought

They live in Chicago live

Ellos viven en Chicago

lived

lived

We work here Nosotros trabajamos

aqu

worked

worked

I don't sell anything sell

No vendo nada

sold

sold

You don't do that

work - T no haces
ese trabajo

do

did

done

He doesn't give the

orders - l no da las
rdenes

give

gave

given

She doesn't visit

anybody - Ella no
visita a nadie

visit

visited

visited

traveled

traveled

Do I bring the beer ?

bring
- Traigo la cerveza ?

brought

brought

Do you take the

books ? - Llevs los take
libros ?

took

taken

What does he say ? say

Qu dice l ?

said

said

Does she accept

presents ? Acepta
ella regalos ?

accepted

accepted

work

Negative---------Subject + don't/doesn't
+ V1

They don't travel

anywhere- Ellos no
travel
viajan a ninguna parte
Interrogative----Do/does + subject +
V1 ?

accept

Do they believe in
God ? Creen ellos en believe
Dios ?

believed

believed

Simple Present: To go
Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

I go

I don't go

Do I go ?

You go

You don't go

Do you go ?

He goes

He doesn't go

Does he go ?

She goes

She doesn't go

Does she go ?

It goes

It doesn't go

Does it go ?

We go

We don't go

Do we go ?

You go

You don't go

Do you go ?

They go

They don't go
Do they go ?
Algunos Verbos Para Reportar

tell (tl) decir, contar

say (si) decir
ask (sk) preguntar, pedir
admit (admt) admitir
"OK, OK. Yeah. I broke that window"
He admitted that he had broken the window
agree (agri) estar de acuerdo
"Yeah, of course. I will give you the money"
He agreed to loan me some money
answer (nser) responder
"Oh, not now. I am too busy at this moment"
She answered that she was too busy at that moment
invite (invit) invitar
"Hey guys!. Don't you want to go to the beach with me?"
He invited us to go to beach with him
complain (complin) quejarse

"Oh, no. I have this terrible toothache again!"

He complained of a toothache
offer (fer) ofrecer
"I could help you with that math problem if you want"
She offered to help me with the math problem
suggest (soyst) sugerir
"It's a nice day. We could go to the country and have a picnic"
Bill suggested that we have a picnic
demand (dimnd) exigir
"I want to see the manager of this company inmediately!"
The man demanded to see the manager of the company
request (rikust) solicitar
"Excuse me, Madam. Could I use your telephone for a minute?"
He requested permission to use the woman's telephone
remind (rimind) hacer acordar
"Hey Bill. Don't forget to mail this letter today!"
Jack reminded Bill that he had to mail a letter that day
describe (discrib) describir
"The house is white. It has three bedrooms and a beautiful garden"
He described his house
confess (confs) confesar
"I must tell you something Jane... I love you with all my heart"
He confessed that he loved her
blame (blim) culpar
"It was your fault that I couldn't arrive on time"

The girl blamed the boy for her arriving late

propose (propus) proponer
"Sir, I think we should have a meeting this afternoon"
He proposed to have a meeting for that afternoon
refuse (rifis) rehusarse
"I won't do this job any longer"
He refused to continue working
congratulate (congrtchiulit) felicitar
"Congratulations Jack. Your performance was excellent!"
He congratulated Jack on giving a good performance at the theater
greet (grit) saludar
"Hi everybody"
Bill greeted everybody as he entered the room
introduce (introdis) presentar
"This is my mother. Her name is Nancy"
He introduced me to his mother
warn (urn) advertir
"Don't drink so much or you'll get drunk"
Bill warned Jack not to drink too much
insist (insst) insistir
"You must take me there!. Come on. I really want to go there!"
She insisted that she wanted to go
insult (inslt) insultar
"You... damned fat cow!. You ate all my cookies!"
She insulted her friend calling her a 'fat cow'

apologize (aployis) pedir disculpas

"I am very sorry for having insulted you in that way"
She apologized to her friend for having insulted her
thank (zenk) agradecer
"Thank you so much for your help, Mary"
Jack thanked Mary for her help
protest (protst) protestar
"Come on. It was not my fault. You are accusing the wrong person!"
The girl protested against the unfair accusation
threaten (zrten) amenazar
"If you don't give me the money, I will kill you"
The robber threatened to kill the man
advise (advis) aconsejar
"If you don't want to have problems with your health, you should stop smoking"
His doctor advised him to stop smoking
inquire (inkuir) preguntar
"Could you tell me where the main library is?"
She inquired the way to get to the library
praise (pris) elogiar
"I really think that the work you are doing is excellent"
Bill's boss praised him for the work he was doing
deny (dini) negar
"I don't know what you think, but I didn't break that window"
Billy denied that he had broken the window
assure (ashur) asegurar

"Don't worry. I will finish my work on time"

He assured me that he would finish his work on time
persuade (persuid) persuadir
"Come on. You'll have a great time a the party. Let's go!"
Jack persuaded Bill to go to the party
convince (convns) convencer
"Instead of going to France we should go to Brazil on vacation. It's cheaper, nearer and
warmer"
She convinced her husband to go to Brazil instead of France
beg (beg) rogar, suplicar
"Oh please, Mom, please, let me go. I promise I'll be back before midnight!"
She begged her mother to let her go the party
dissuade (disuid) disuadir
"I don't think it is a good idea to fly now. The conditions are dangerous"
The man dissuaded him from flying under those weather conditions
confide (confid) confiar
"I am terribly afraid of storms"
He confided his fear about storms to his companion
recommend (rkomnd) recomendar
"I think you should take these shoes. They are very nice and have a good quality"
The salesgirl recommended that I buy those shoes
scold (skuld) regaar
"Look what you have done!. You broke the vase!. You must be more careful with things in the
house"
Jack's mother scolded him for breaking the vase

order (rder) ordenar

"Fire!!"
The sergeant ordered the soldiers to fire at the enemy
accuse (akis) acusar
"I saw you when you stole my money!"
The man accused his colleague of stealing his money
explain (explin) explicar
"I couldn't call you because there was no phone nearby"
He explained why he couldn't call me
mention (mnshon) mencionar
"By the way, I am a bit tired after this trip"
Bill mentioned that he was tired after the trip
compliment (cmplemnt) felicitar, piropear, hacer un cumplido
"Jane.What elegant you are tonight !"
The man complimented Jane on being so elegant that night
encourage (enkridch) alentar
"Come on. Don't quit now!. You are about to win the game"
Bill's father encouraged him to continue with the game
discourage (diskridch) desalentar
"It is cold and it is raining. I think you shouldn't go out tonight"
Mary's mother discouraged her from going out that night
console (consul) consolar
"Don't feel so bad. It is not so terrible to fail an exam. You'll pass it next time!"
Bill's companion tried to console him for having failed at the exam
Tiempos Verbales
Direct Speech

Reported Speech

Simple Present

Simple Past

"I work in Argentina"

He said that he worked in Argentina

"I am a teacher"

He said that he was a teacher

Simple Past

Simple Past Perfect

"We saw a good film on TV"

They said that they had seen a good film on TV

"I was tired"

He said that he had been tired

Simple Perfect

Simple Past Perfect

"We have gone to that place before"

They said that they had gone to that place

before

"I have been here many times"

She said that she had been there many times

Simple Future

Simple Conditional

"I will visit my mother"

He said that he would visit his mother

"She will be happy to see me"

He said that she would be happy to see him

Simple Future perfect

Simple Conditional Perfect

"I will have arrived there by 5 pm"

He said he would have arrived here by 5 pm

"I will have sent all the products by tomorrow"

He said that he would have sent all the

products by tomorrow

Present Continuous

Past Continuous

"I am doing my job"

He said that he was doing his job

"We are living in New York"

They said that they were living in New York

Past Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous

"I was dancing with Mary"

He said that he had been dancing with Mary

"We were talking"

They said that they had been talking

Perfect Continuous
"I have been doing this for two years"

Past Perfect Continuous

He said that he had been doing that for two
years

They said that they had been trying to phone

him

"We have been trying to phone him"

Future Continuous

Conditional Continuous

"I will be flying to Chicago"

He said that he would be flying to Chicago

"I will be staying at a good hotel"

He said that he would be staying at a good

hotel"

Future Perfect Continuous

Conditional Perfect Continuous

"I will have been selling books for two years"

He said that he would have been selling books

for two years

"I will have been having a good life"

He said that he would have been having a good

life
Verbos Modales

Direct Speech

Reported Speech

can

could

"I can stay here until Sunday"

He said he could stay there until Sunday

"I can do this alone"

He said that he could do that alone

may

might

"I may go fishing next weekend"

He said he might go fishing next weekend

"We may travel to Europe"

They said that they might travel to Europe

will

would

"I will stay here"

He said that he would stay there

"I will not go away"

He said that he wouldn't go away

must

had to

"I must work everyday"

He said he had to work everyday

"I must not arrive late"

He said he didn't have to arrive late

Tiempo y Lugar

Direct Speech

Reported Speech

now

then, at that moment

today

that day

tonight

that night

last night

the previous night, the night before

this morning

that morning

tomorrow

the next day, the following day

yesterday

the previous day, the day before

this week

that week

next week

the following week, the week after

last year

the previous year, the year before

next year

the following year, the year after

here

there
Conditional Sentences

Type

IF clause

Main Clause

Type I

Present

will/ can/ may /must + V1

Type II

Past

would/ could/ might + V1

Type III

Past Perfect

would/ could/ might + have V3

Habitual

Present

Present

Imperativo

Present

Imperative

Sentence

Translation

If he is busy now, I will come back

tomorrow

Si est ocupado ahora, regresar maana

If I have time, I'll visit my parents this

afternoon

Si tengo tiempo, visitar a mis padres esta tarde

If it is warm tomorrow, we'll go to the

beach

Si est caluroso maana, iremos a la playa

If it is cold, you must wear warm clothes

Si est fro, debes usar ropa abrigada

If he doesn't do his homework, he can not

Si l no hace su tarea, no puede ir a la fiesta
go to the party
If she doesn't call you, you can call her

Si ella no te llama, tu puedes llamarla

If you work hard, you may become a

millonaire someday

Si trabajas duro, puede que te conviertas en un

millonario algn da

If you spend more than you earn, you'll

become a poor man

Si gastas ms de lo que ganas, te convertirs en

un hombre pobre

If they don't invite you, you must not go

Si ellos no te invitan, no debes ir

If we don't hurry, we'll miss our bus

Si no nos apuramos, perderemos nuestro autobus

If you pay now, you'll get a discount

Si pagas ahora, obtendrs un descuento

If they don't want to go out, they can stay

Si no quieren salir, se pueden quedar en casa
home
If you drink too much, you'll get drunk

Si bebes demasiado, te emborrachars

If you feel sick, you must stay in bed

Si te sientes enfermo, debes quedarte en cama

If they don't come here, we'll have to go

there

Si ellos no vienen aqu, tendremos que ir all

Voz Pasiva
Tiempos Simples

Tiempos Progresivos

Present

Past Perfect

Present Continuous

Past

Future

Past Continuous

Present Perfect

Modals

Future Continuous

Frmula : Subject + (am/are/is) + V3

Sentence

Translation

The products are inspected

Se inspeccionan los productos

Workers are replaced by robots

Se reemplazan los obreros por robots

Thieves are arrested

Se arresta a los ladornes

That car is washed very week

Se lava ese auto todas las semanas

He is asked to be quiet

Se le pide que est callado

He is told not to make noise

Se le dice que no haga ruido

A solution is found

Se encuentra una solucin

Those houses are painted every year

Se pintan esas casas todos los aos

I am given a good advice

Se me d un buen consejo

The student is ordered to leave the room

Se le ordena al estudiante que salga del aula

The kid is told not to cross the street

Se le dice al nio que no cruce la calle

I am asked to give a speech

Se me pide que d un discurso

A million copies are sold every year

Se venden un milln de copias todos los aos

The suspect is investigated

Se investiga al sospechoso

Bill is asked to pay what he owes

Se le pide a Bill que pague lo que debe

The murderer is sentenced to death

Se sentencia a muerte al asesino

Rules are changed

Se cambian las reglas

A skyscraper is built

Se construye un rascacielos
Pronunciacin

all (ol) todos - ball (bol) pelota - call (col) llamada - fall (fol) cada - hall (jol) sala - mall
(mol) centro comercial - tall (tol) alto - wall (uol) pared - small (smol) pequeo - stall

(stol) puesto de mercado - recall (ricol) recordar - squall (skuol) rfaga - pitfall (ptfool)
riesgo

jaw (yo) mandbula - law (lo) ley - paw (po) pata - raw (ro) crudo - saw (so) sierra claw (clo) garra - draw (dro) empate - flaw (flo) defecto - gnaw (no) roer - thaw (zo)
deshielo - straw (stro) pajita - bawl (bol) chillar - dawn (don) amanecer - hawk (jok)
halcn - lawn (lon) csped - pawn (pon) empear - yawn (ion) bostezo - brawl (brol)
pelea - brawn (bron) fuerza muscular - crawl (crol) gatear - drawl (drol) habla lenta y
aburrida - shawl (shol) chal

clause (clos) clusula, oracin - cause (cos) cause - gauze (gos) gasa - sauce (sos) salsa pause (pos) pausa, interrupcin - fauna (fona) fauna - sauna (sona) sauna - launch (lonch)
lanzar, lanzamiento - paunch (ponch) panza, barriga - haunch (jonch) cadera, anca - fraud
(frod) fraude - daub (dob) embardunar - fault (folt) culpa, defecto - vault (volt) bveda,
cripta - haul (jol) tirar, transportar - flaunt (flont) ostentar, lucir - haunt (jont) guarida gaunt (gont) demacrado, flaco - jaunt (yont) excursin

dine (din) cenar - fine (fin) bien, lindo, multa - line (lin) lnea, cola - mine (min) mina nine (nin) nueve - pine (pin) pino - wine (uin) vino - brine (brin) salmuera - shine (shin)
brillo, lustre - hide (jid) esconder - ride (rid) paseo - side (sid) lado - tide (tid) marea wide (wuid) ancho - bride (brid) novia - guide (gid) gua - pride (prid) orgullo - knife
(nif) cuchillo - life (lif) vida - wife (wif) esposa - bike (bik) bici - dike (dik) dique - hike
(jik) caminata - like (lik) gustar - mike (mik) micr(fono - pike (pik) pica - bile (bil) bilis
- file (fil) archivo, lima - mile (mil) milla - pile (pil) montn - tile (til) azulejo - vile (vil)
vil - dice (dis) dados - lice (lis) piojos - mice (mis) ratones - nice (nis) agradable, amable rice (ris) arroz - vice (vis) vicio - price (pris) precio - slice (slis) tajada, rebanada, rodaja spice (spis) especia - dime (dim) moneda de diez centavos - lime (lim) lima - time (tim)
tiempo, vez, poca - chime (chim) campanada - crime (crim) delito - prime (prim) primero,
principal - pipe (pip) tubo, cao, pipa - ripe (rip) maduro - wipe (wuip) limpiar - stripe
(strip) raya - dire (dir) horrible - fire (fir) fuego, incendio - hire (jir) contratar - mire (mir)
fango, lodo - tire (tir) cansarse - wire (wir) alambre, cable - bite (bit) morder - kite (kit)
cometa - rite (rit) rito - site (sit) sitio - trite (trit) trivial - write (rit) escribir - dive (div)
sumergirse, bucear - five (fiv) cinco - hive (jiv) colmena - alive (aliv) vivo - drive (driv)
conducir

face (fis) cara - lace (lis) encaje, cordn - mace (mis) maza - pace (pis) paso, ritmo - race
(ris) carrera, raza - grace (gris) gracia - place (plis) lugar - space (spis) espacio - trace
(tris) rastro - fade (fid) desteirse - grade (grid) grado, curso - shade (shid) sombra - spade
(spid) pala - trade (trid) comercio,oficio - safe (sif) seguro, caja fuerte - chafe (chif) rozar,
irritar - cage (kidch) jaula - page (pidch) pgina - rage (ridch) rabia, furia - sage (sidch)
salvia - wage (widch) salario - stage (stidch) etapa, escena - bake (bik) hornear - cake (kik)
torta - fake (fik) falso - hake (jik) merluza - lake (lik) lago - make (mik) hacer - rake
(rik) rastrillo - take (tik) tomar, llevar - wake (wik) despertar - brake (brik) freno - flake
(flik) copo, escama - quake (kuik) terremoto - shake (shik) sacudir - snake (snik) serpiente
- stake (stik) estaca, apuesta - dale (dil) valle - gale (guil) vendaval - male (mil) masculino,
varn - female (fimil) femenino, hembra - pale (pil) plido - sale (sil) venta - tale (til)

cuento - scale (skil) escala, escama - stale (stil) rancio, pasado - whale (uil) ballena - fame
(fim) fama - game (guim) juego - lame (lim) rengo - name (nim) nombre - same (sim)
mismo - tame (tim) manso - flame (flim) llama - frame (frim) marco - shame (shim)
verguenza, lstima - cane (kin) caa - lane (lin) callejn, carril - mane (min) crin, melena pane (pin) cristal - wane (win) menguar - crane (krin) gra - inane (inin) necio - plane
(plin) avin, plano - cape (kip) capa - gape (guip) mirar boquiabierto - rape (rip) violacin
- tape (tip) cinta - drape (drip) cubrir - grape (grip) uva - shape (ship) forma - escape
(eskip) fuga - base (bis) base - case (kis) caso, estuche - vase (vis) florero - chase (chis)
persecusin - erase (iris) borrar - phase (fis) fase - phrase (fris) frase - date (dit) fecha,
cita - fate (fit) destino - gate (guit) puerta - hate (jit) odiar - late (lit) tarde, atrasado - mate
(mit) compaero - rate (rit) razn, porcentaje, tarifa - crate (krit) cajn - grate (grit) rallar plate (plit) plato, placa - skate (skit) patn - slate (slit) pizarra - state (stit) estado , declarar
- estate (estit) propiedad, finca - create (kriit) crear - cave (kiv) cueva, caverna - nave (niv)
nave - pave (piv) pavimentar - rave (riv) ponerse furioso - save (siv) salvar, ahorrar, guardar
- wave (wiv) ola, onda - daze (dis) aturdir - gaze (guis) mirada fija - haze (jis) neblina laze (lis) holgazanear - maze (mis) laberinto - raze (ris) arrazar - craze (kris) mana
going to (gonna)

Affirmative
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They are

going to
(gonna)

come tomorrow
go next week
bring his sister
take her brother
be very easy
have a party
arrive early
leave late

Negative
I am not
You are not
He is not
She is not
It is not
We are not
You are not
They are not

going to
(gonna)

going to
(gonna)

Voy a venir maana

T vas a ir la prxima semana
l va a traer a su hermana
Ella va a llevar a su hermano
Va a ser muy fcil
Nosotros vamos a tener una fiesta
Ustedes van a llegar temprano
Ellos se van a ir tarde

Traduccin
come tomorrow
go next week
bring his sister
take her brother
be very easy
have a party
arrive early
leave late

Interrogative
Am I
Are you
Is he
Is she
Is it

Traducin

come tomorrow ?
go next week ?
bring his sister ?
take her brother ?
be very easy ?

No voy a venir maana

T no vas a ir la prxima semana
l no va a traer a su hermana
Ella no va a llevar a su hermano
No va a ser muy fcil
No vamos a tener una fiesta
Ustedes no van a llegar temprano
Ellos no se van a ir tarde

Traduccin
Voy a venir maana?
Vas a ir la prxima semana?
l va a traer a su hermana?
Ella va a llevar a su hermano?
Va a ser muy fcil?

Are we
Are you
Are they

have a party ?
arrive early ?
leave late ?

Nosotros vamos a tener una fiesta?

Ustedes van a llegar temprano?
Ellos se van a ir tarde?

Ms ejemplos:

I am going to travel to Paris. (voy a viajar a Pars)

I am going to visit my grandmother (voy a visitar a mi abuela)

She is going to make a cake for me (ella va a hacer una torta para mi)

They are not going to remember that (ellos no se van a acordar de eso)

We are not going to go anywhere (nosotros no vamos a ir a ninguna parte)

Who is going to come today ? (Quin va a venir hoy?)

Are you going to buy a new car? (Vas comprar un nuevo auto?)

Are they going to help you ? (Ellos te van a ayudar?)

What are you going to bring ? (Qu vas a traer?)

When is she going to arrive ? (Cundo va a llegar ella?)

Determiners

The Definite Article

The Demonstratives

The Quantifiers& Others

The Indefinite Article

The Possessives

The Numbers

The Definite Article: The (de / di) el, la, lo, los, las.
The boy - el nio

The box - la caja

The boys - los nios

The boxes - las cajas

The girl - la nia

The beach - la playa

The girls - las nias

The beaches - las playas

The bus - el autobs

The person - la persona

The buses - los autobuses

The people - las personas

The man - el hombre

The factory - la fbrica

The men - los hombres

The factories - las fbricas

The woman - la mujer

The foot - el pie

The women - las mujeres

The feet - los pies

Adjetivos

Contrastes

Comparativos & Adjetivos &

Superlativos
Verbos

Adjetivos &
Adverbios

Contrastes
Awake - despierto

Asleep - dormido

Adjetivos &
Sustantivos

Beautiful - hermoso

Ugly - feo

Big - grande

Small - pequeo

Bitter - amargo

Sweet - dulce

Black - negro

White - blanco

Careful - cuidadoso

Careless - descuidado

Dark - oscuro

Light - claro

Dead - muerto

Alive - vivo

Deep - profundo

Shallow - superficial

Difficult - difcil

Easy - fcil

Dirty - sucio

Clean - limpio

Drunk - borracho

Sober - sobrio

Expensive - caro

Cheap - barato

Far - lejano

Near - cercano

Fast - rpido

Slow - lento

Fat - gordo

Thin - flaco

Full - lleno

Empty - vaco

Glad - contento

Sad - triste

Good - bueno

Bad - malo

Happy - feliz

Sorry - apenado

Hard - duro

Soft - blando

Healthy - saludable

Sick - enfermo

Heavy - pesado

Light - liviano

High - alto

Low - bajo

Hot - caliente

Cold - fro

Interesting - interesante

Boring - aburrido

Late - tarde

Early - temprano

Long - largo

Short - corto

New - nuevo

Old - viejo

On - encendido

Off - apagado

Past - pasado

Future - futuro

Polite - corts, atento

Rude - grosero

Rich - rico

Poor - pobre

Right - derecho

Left - izquierdo

Right - correcto

Wrong - equivocado

Rough - spero

Smooth - suave, liso

Safe - seguro

Dangerous - peligroso

Same - mismo

Different - diferente

Simple - simple

Complex - complejo

Single - soltero

Married - casado

Straight - derecho

Crooked - torcido

Strong - fuerte

Weak - dbil

Tall - alto

Short - bajo

Thick - grueso

Thin - delgado

True - verdadero

False - falso

Useful - til

Useless - intil

Warm - clido

Cool - fresco

Wet - mojado

Dry - seco

Wide - ancho

Narrow - angosto, estrecho

Young - joven

Old - viejo
Conjunciones

According to - de acuerdo a

Namely - a saber

After - despus que

Neither... nor - ni... ni

Although - aunque, si bien

Nevertheless - sin embargo, no obstante

And - y

Nor - ni

As - cuando, mientras, a medida que, como

Notwithstanding - no obstante

As if - como si

Or - o

As long as - mientras, con tal que

Or else - sino

As soon as - en cuanto

Otherwhise - de otra manera, si no

As though - como si

Provided - siempre que , con tal de que

As well as - adems de

Providing - siempre que , con tal de que

Because - porque

Since - puesto que, ya que, desde que

Because of - debido a

So as to - para

Before - antes que

So as not to - para no

Both...and - tanto...como

So that - para que

But - pero

Still - sin embargo, no obstante

But - sino

Than - que ( en comparaciones )

Either... or - o... o

Therefore - por lo tanto

Even though - aunque

Though - aunque

Except - excepto, salvo

Unless - a menos que

For - porque

Until - hasta que

Furthermore - adems

Whenever - cada vez que, cuando

However - sin embargo

Whereas - siendo que, mientras

If - si

Whether - si

In case of - en caso de

Whether... or - si... o

In order to - para

While - mientrar, mientras que, aunque

Moreover - adems, por otra parte

Yet - sin embargo, no obstante

According to (acrding tchu) - de acuerdo a

- Everything was done according to his instructions -- Todo fue hecho de acuerdo a sus
instrucciones
After (fter) - despus que
- He started to eat after he had washed his hands -- Comenz a comer despus de haberse
lavado las manos
- After he had eaten, he went to bed -- Despus de que haba comido, se fue a la cama
Although (oldu) - aunque, si bien - (although = though = even though)
- Although he was not tall, he was excellent at basketball -- Aunque no era alto, era
excelente para el baloncesto
- Although she appears to be happy, she is actually very sad -- Anque parece estar feliz, est
muy triste en realidad
And - y
- Bill buys things and sells them at a higher price -- Bill compra cosas y las vende a un
precio ms alto
As - cuando, mientras, a medida que, como
- As the two boys walked down the street, they found a wallet -- Mientras los dos chicos
caminaban por la calle, encontraron una billetera
- As winter approaches, the temperature gets colder and colder -- A medida que se
aproxima el invierno, la temperatura se pone cada vs ms fra
- As she entered the restaurant, she saw us -- Cuando entr al restaurant, ella nos vi
- She acted as a crazy woman -- Ella actuaba como una loca
- He is not as intelligent as they think -- l no es tan inteligente como ellos piensan
As if - como si - (as if = as though)
- He acts as if he were rich -- l acta como si fuera rico
- They treat me as if they didn't know me -- Me tratan como si no me conocieran
- Bill started to shop as if he had won the lottery -- Bill comenz comprar como si hubiera
ganado la lotera
- They looked as if they hadn't slept for days -- Se vean como si no hubieran dormido desde
hace das
As long as (as lng as) - mientras, siempre que
- You can stay here as long as you work hard -- Te puedes quedar aqu mientras trabajes duro
- I will live in this city as long as I can -- Vivir en esta ciudad mientras pueda
- Nobody will know about this secret as long as you keep mum -- Nadie sabr de este
secreto mientras mantengas la boca cerrada
As soon as (as sn as) - en cuanto, tan pronto como
-- I will do this work as soon as I can -- Har con este trabajo tan pronto como pueda
-- She started to work as soon as she graduated from the university -- Comenz a trabajar
tan pronto como se gradu de la universidad
As though (as du) - como si - (as if = as though)
Ver " As if "
As well as - adems de
- My sister as well as John will go to the movies tomorrow -- Mi hermana, as como John,
irn al cine maana
- She is intelligent as well as kind -- Ella es inteligente adems de amable
- She works as well as she studies -- Ella trabaja adems de estudiar
Because (bics) - porque

- I don't want to go out because it is too cold -- No quiero salir porque est demasiado fro
Because of - debido a
- They stayed in because of the bad weather -- Ellos se quedaron en casa debido al mal
tiempo
- She can not play sports because of her illness -- Ella no puede practicar deportes debido a
su enfermedad
Before (bifr) - antes que
- Billy washed his hands before he started to eat -- Billy se lav sus manos antes de empezar
a comer
- He had trained for years before he decided to box professionally -- l haba entrenado
durante aos antes de decidirse a boxear profesionalmente
Both...and (buz...nd) - tanto...como
- He speaks both softly and clearly -- l habla tanto suavemente como claramente
- She plays both the piano and the harp -- Ella toca tanto el piano como el harpa
But - pero
- He spoke clearly, but I didn't understand him -- Habl claramente pero no lo entend
- She saw me, but she didn't recognize me -- Me vi pero no me reconoci
But - sino
- She is not from Argentina but from Brazil -- Ella no es de Argentina sino de Brazil
- He didn't work but he rested all day -- No trabaj sino que descanz todo el da
Either... or (der...or) - o... o
- Either start to work or quit this business -- O empezs a trajar o dejs este negocio
- He must be either very brave or very crazy -- l debe ser o muy valiente o muy loco
- You should either work or study -- T deberas, o trabajar, o estudiar
Even though (ven du) - aunque (although = though = even though)
- ver although
Except (excpt) - excepto, salvo
- They would go to Europe, except they have to go to Japan -- Iran a Europa salvo que
tengan que ir a Japn
For - porque
- We'll have to stay home, for it is raining outside -- Tendremos que quedarnos en casa
porque est lloviendo afuera
- He didn't greet her, for he was very angry -- l no la salud porque estaba muy enojado
- She turned on the lights, for she was afraid of the dark -- Encendi las luces porque tena
miedo a la oscuridad
Furthermore (ferdermr) - adems - (furthermore = moreover)
- She doesn't want to study , and furthermore she doesn't want to work either -- Ella no
quiere estudiar y, adems, tampoco quiere trabajar
- He was a bad person, and furthermore he was very proud of that -- l era una mala
persona y, adems, estaba muy orgulloso de eso
However (jaover) - sin embargo - (however = nevertheless = notwithstanding)
- They were not having fun, however they stayed all night -- Ellos no se estaban divirtiendo,
sin embargo, se quedaron toda la noche
- He didn't study much, however he got good grades -- l no estudiaba mucho, sin embargo,
obtena buenas notas
If - si

- If you drink too much, you'll get drunk -- Si bebes demasiado, te emborrachars
- If you spend more than you earn, you'll become a poor man -- Si gastas ms de lo que
ganas, te convertirs en un hombre pobre
- If he were in my place, he wouldn't do this -- Si l estuviese en mi lugar, no hara esto
In case (of) (in kis ov) - en caso (de)
- Break the window in case of emergency -- Romper la ventana en caso de emergencia
- Call this number in case you get lost -- Llam a este nmero en caso de que te pierdas
In order to - para
- They left early in order to arrive on time for the movie -- Ellos salieron temprano para
llegar a tiempo para la pelcula
- We are working harder in order to earn more money -- Estamos trabajando ms duro para
ganar ms dinero
Moreover (moruver) - adems, por otra parte - (furthermore = moreover)
ver furthermore
Namely (nimli) - a saber
- There were two people in the house, namely Tom and Mary -- Haba dos personas en la
casa, a saber Tom y Mary
Neither... nor (nder..or) - ni... ni
- I want neither to work nor to study -- No quiero ni trabajar ni estudiar
- She drinks neither wine nor beer -- Ella no toma ni vino ni cerveza
- Neither Susan nor Bill wants to see that film -- Ni Susan ni Bill quieren ver esa pelcula
Nevertheless (nverdils) - sin embargo, no obstante - (however = nevertheless =
notwithstanding)
- Ver however
Nor - ni
-- Bill didn't come today, nor will he come tomorrow -- Bill no vino hoy; ni (tampoco)
vendr maana
Notwithstanding (ntwidstnding) - no obstante
- Ver however
Or - o
- He never works. He is always sleeping or watching TV -- l nunca trabaja. Siempre est
durmiendo o mirando TV
- With all that money, they could buy a new house or travel around the world -- Con todo
ese dinero, ellos podran comprar una nueva casa o viajar alrededor del mundo
Or else (or ls) - sino
- You should study harder, or else you will fail the test -- Deberas estudiar ms duro, sino
reprobars la prueba
- They must leave now, or else they will arrive late -- Ellos deben salir ahora, sino llegarn
tarde
Otherwhise (derwis) - de otra manera, si no
- We should finish this now, otherwise we'll have to do it tomorrow -- Deberamos terminar
esto ahora, sino tendremos que hacerlo maana
- Fortunately they left early; otherwise they wouldn't have arrived on time -Afortunadamente salieron temprano; de otra manera no habran llegado a tiempo
Provided (provided) - siempre que , con tal de que - (provided = providing)
- I will buy the product, provided I can pay for it by credit card - Comprar el producto,

siempre que pueda pagarlo con la tarjeta de crdito

- They will believe you, provided you swear that it is true - Te creern, siempre que jures
que es verdad
Providing (providing) - siempre que , con tal de que - (provided = providing)
- They will go fishing next weekend, providing it doesn't rain -- Ellos irn a pescar el
prximo fin de semana, siempre que no llueva
Since (sns) - puesto que, ya que, desde que
- He didn't understand a word, since he doesn't speak English -- No entendi ni una palabra
puesto que no habla ingls
- Since it was too late, they decided to go to sleep, -- Puesto que era demasiado tarde,
decidieron irse a dormir
- She shouldn't eat so much, since she is a little fat -- No debera comer tanto puesto que est
un poco gorda
So as to - para
- They decided to take a plane so as to travel faster -- Decidieron tomar una avin para
viajar ms rpido
- She paid by cash so as to get a good discount -- Pag en efectivo para obtener un buen
descuento
So as not to - para no
- He took a short nap so as not to be too tired for the party -- El tom una breve siesta para
no estar demasiado cansado para la fiesta
- She wrote down his telephone number so as not to forget it -- Ella anot su nmero de
telfono para no olvidarlo
So that - para que
- You should learn more vocabulary so that you can speak better -- Deberas aprender ms
vocabulario para que puedas hablar mejor
- They decided to save extra money so that they would be able to go on vacation -Decidieron ahorrar dinero extra para poder ir de vacaciones
- He gave her a present so that she would feel better -- l le di un regalo para que ella se
sienta mejor
Still - sin embargo, no obstante
- Jack didn't study much for the test; still he managed to pass it -- Jack no estudi mucho
para la prueba, no obstante, se las arregl para aprobar
- He can not speak very well; still he understands everyting -- No puede hablar bien, sin
embargo, entiende todo
- They felt very sad; still they forced themselves to smile all the time -- Se sentan muy
tristes, no obstante, se obligaban a si mismos a sonrer todo el tiempo
Than - que ( en comparaciones )
- They started to have more problems than they expected -- Empezaron a tener ms
problemas que lo que esperaban
- She discovered that learning English is more difficult than she thought -- Ella descubri
que aprender ingls es ms dificil que lo que pens
Therefore (drfr) - por lo tanto
- I didn't have enough time to study for the test and therefore I couldn't pass it -- No tuve
suficiente tiempo para estudiar para la prueba y, por lo tanto, no pude aprobarla
- John left very late and therefore he didn't arrive on time -- John sali muy tarde y, por lo
tanto, no lleg a tiempo
Though (du) - aunque - (although = though = even though)

- ver although
Unless (anls) - a menos que
- You can not drink alcohol here, unless you are an adult -- No puedes beber alcohol aqu, a
menos que seas un adulto
- They won't be able to travel to Europe, unless they have their passports -- No podrn
viajar a Europa, a menos que tengan sus pasaportes
- Unless you can speak English very well, you can not study in an american university -- A
menos que puedas hablar ingls muy bien, no puedes estudiar en una universidad americana
Until (antl) - hasta que
- They listened in silence until he finished his speech -- Escucharon en silencio hasta que l
termin su discurso
- He looked for his keys until he found them -- Busc sus llaves hasta que las encontr
- Bill can not go out to play soccer until he completes his homework -- Bill no puede salir a
jugar al ftbol hasta que termine su tarea
Whenever (wenver) - cada vez que, cuando
- He goes to the movies whenever he has the time -- l va al cine siempre cada vez que tiene
tiempo
- Whenever they have to work, they feel sick -- Cada vez que tienen que trabajar, se sienten
enfermos
Whereas (uras) - siendo que, mientras
- The weather is very nice here in summer, whereas in winter it is not so good -- El tiempo
es muy lindo aqu en verano, mientras que en invierno no es tan bueno
Whether (wder) - si
- You must tell me whether you will come -- Debes decirme si vendrs
- I don't know whether to buy this computer or not -- No s si comprar esta computadora o
no
Whether... or - si... o
- I don't know whether to take it or leave it -- No s si llevarlo o dejarlo
- She didn't understand whether she had to go or stay -- Ella no entendi si tena que ir o
quedarse
While (wil) - mientrar, mientras que, aunque
- Many things happened here while you were out --Muchas cosas pasaron aqu mientras t
estuviste afuera
- While they didn't know her very well, they invited her to their wedding -- Aunque no la
conocan bien, la invitaron a su boda
Yet (it) - sin embargo, no obstante
- He wanted to reply to that accusation, yet he didn't -- l quera contestar a esa acusacin,
sin embargo no lo hizo
Preposiciones

About - de, sobre, acerca de

Into - en, a, dentro

Above - encima de

Near - cerca de

Across - al otro lado de, a travs de

Next to - al lado de, junto a

After - despus de, detrs de, tras

Of - de

Against - contra

Off - de, fuera de

Along - a lo largo de

On - en, sobre, encima

Amid - entre, en medio de

Onto - encima de, sobre, en

Among - entre, en medio de

On top of - sobre, encima de

Around - alrededor de

Out of - fuera de, sin

At - en, a, de

Over - sobre, ms de, durante, al otro lado de

Before - delante de, antes de

Per - por

Behind - detrs de

Round - alrededor de

Below - debajo de

Since - desde

Beneath - debajo de

Through - A travs de, por

Beside - al lado de

Throughout - por todo, durante

Besides - adems de

Till - hasta

Between - entre (dos)

To - a, hasta, hacia

Beyond - ms all de

Toward - hacia

But - menos, salvo, excepto

Under - debajo de

By - por, de

Underneath - debajo de

Down - por

Until - hasta

During - durante

Up - arriba de

For - por, para

Upon - sobre, encima de

From - de, desde

With - con, de

In - en, a, dentro, de

Within - dentro de, a menos de

In front of - en frente de

Without - sin

About (abut) - de, sobre, acerca de

- We are talking about the film we saw last night -- Estabamos hablando acerca de la
pelcula que vimos anoche
- What was it about ? -- De qu se trataba ?
Above (abv) - encima de
- There was an UFO above the house -- Haba un OVNI encima de la casa
Across (acrs) - al otro lado de, a travs de
- My apartment is across the street from the bank -- Mi departamento est al otro lado de la
calle desde el banco
- We ran across our neighbor's garden -- Corrimos a travs del jardn de nuestro vecino
After (fter) - despus de, detrs de, tras
- The dog is running after the cat -- El perro est corriendo tras el gato
- It is 5 minutes after 4 o'clock -- Es 5 minutos despus de las 4 (es las cuatro y cinco
minutos)
Against (egunst) - contra, en contra de
- The journalist wrote an article against the goverment -- El periodista escribi un artculo
en contra del gobierno
- The plane crashed against the control tower - El avin se estrell contra la torre de control

- He placed the ladder against the wall -- l puso la escalera contra la pared
Along (alng) - a lo largo de, por
- There are palm trees along the avenue -- Hay palmeras a lo largo de la avenida
- Many people walk along this corridor every day -- Muchas personas caminan por este
pasillo todos los das
Amid (amd) - entre, en medio de
- He was standing amid the crowd -- El estaba parado en medio de la multitud
Among (amng) - entre, en medio de
- I parked my car among the others -- Estacion mi auto en medio de los otros
- Jesus divided the bread among his disciples -- Jess dividi el pan entre sus discpulos
- There was a traitor among them -- Haba un traidor entre ellos
Around (arund) - alrededor de
- He is wearing a chain around his neck -- l est usando una cadena alrededor de su cuello
- A lot of reporters were around the actress -- Muchos reporteros estaban alrededor de la
actriz
At (t) - en, a
- My parents are at work -- Mis padres estn en el trabajo
- We usually get up at 8 o'clock, but on Sundays we get up at noon
-- Generalmente nos levantamos a las 8 pero los domingos nos levantamos al medioda
- She looked at me -- Ella me mir
- He is very good at sports -- l es muy bueno para los deportes
- At night -- Por las noche
- At times -- a veces
- At war -- En guerra
Before (bifr) - delante de, antes de
- The orator stood before the audience - El orador se par delante del auditorio
- Mary left before everyone else -- Mary se fue antes que todos
Behind (bijind) - detrs de
- There is a garden behind the house -- Hay un jardn detrs de la casa
- The boxer in white trunks is three points behind the champion -- El boxeador de
pantalones blancos est a tres puntos detrs del campen
Below (bilu) - bajo, debajo de - (under = below = beneath = underneath)
- She has an apartment below mine -- Ella tiene un departamento debajo del mo
- It is freezing. The temperature is below zero. -- Est helando. La temperatura est bajo cero
Beneath (binz) - bajo, debajo de - (under = below = beneath = underneath)
- Johnny hid all his toys beneath his bed -- Johnny escondi todos sus juguetes debajo de su
cama
- I was sitting beneath my beach umbrella -- Estaba sentado debajo de mi sombrilla de playa
Beside (bisid) - al lado de, junto a
- Mary sat beside me -- Mary se sent junto a m
- There is a garden beside the house -- Hay un jardn al lado de la casa
Besides (bisids) - adems de, excepto, aparte de
- There were two people at the house besides her -- Haba dos personas en la casa adems de
ella
- Besides his reputation, he has nothing else left -- Aparte de su reputacin, a l no le queda
nada ms

Between (bitun) - entre (solo referido a dos entidades)

- There are no secrets between you and me -- No hay secretos entre vos y yo
- I don't eat between meals -- No como entre las comidas
- There is a great distance between the two cities -- Hay una gran distacia entre las dos
ciudades
Beyond (bi nd) - ms all de, fuera de
- There is a river beyond those mountains -- Hay un ro ms all de esas montaas
- This problem is beyond my capacity. I can not understand it -- Este problema est fuera
de mi capacidad. No lo puedo entender
- Beyond doubt -- Fuera de toda duda
But (bat) - menos, salvo, excepto
- They work every day but Sunday -- Ellos trabajan todos los das salvo el domingo
- We eat any food but meat -- Comemos cualquier alimento excepto carne
- Anyone but her can go -- Cualquiera, excepto ella, puede ir
By (bi) - por, de, cerca
- This film was directed by Spielberg -- Este film was directed by Spielberg
-- I came by (train/car/bus...) -- Vine en (tren/auto/autobs...)
- I live by the river -- Vivo cerca del ro
- They will be here by 5 o'clock PM -- Estarn aqu cerca de las cinco de la tarde
- An even number can be divided by two -- Un nmero par puede dividirse por dos
Down (dun) - por
-- I was walking down the street when I saw the accident -- Estaba caminando por la calle
cuando v el accidente
During (diring) - durante
- The flowers blossom during the spring -- Las flores florecen durante la primavera
- He slept during all the class -- l durmi durante toda la clase
For (for) - por, para, a favor
- I have lived here for many years -- He vivido aqu desde hace (por) muchos aos
- This present is for us -- Es regalo es para nosotros
- They left for Chicago -- Ellos salieron para chicago
- She went for a walk -- Ella fue por una caminata
- Are you for or against that proposal ? -- Ests a favor o en contra de esa propuesta ?
- We walked for five miles that day -- Caminamos 5 millas ese da
- What for ? -- Para qu ?
From (from) - de, desde
- Where are you from ? -- De dnde sos ?
- I received a letter from my sister -- Recib una carta de mi hermana
- That city is far from here -- Esa ciudad est lejos de aqu
- She works from 9 to 5 every day -- Ella trabaja de 9 a 5 todos los das
- They think they are different from the rest -- Ellos piensan que son diferentes del resto
- I took a bus from Miami to Chicago -- Tom un autobs desde Miami a Chicago
In (in) - en, a, dentro, de
- In here - Aqu adentro
- In there - All adentro
-They will be in Miami in summer -- Estarn en Miami en el verano
- In the (morning/ afternoon/ evening) -- por la maana/tarde/noche
- I will see you in two weeks -- Te ver en dos semanas
In front of (in frnt ov) - en frente de

- My house is in front of the bank -- Mi casa est en frente del banco

Into (ntchu) - en, a, dentro, hacia adentro
- The cook went into the kitchen -- El cocinero fue a la cocina
- He put some vegetables into a pot -- Puso algunas verduras dentro de una olla
Near (ner) - cerca de
- My apartment is near a bank -- Mi departamento est cerca de un banco
Next to (nxt tchu) - al lado de, junto a
- The bank is next to a police station -- El banco est al lado de una comisara
Of (ov) - de
- The cabin is made of wood -- La cabaa est hecha de madera
- He is a friend of mine -- l es un amigo mo
Off (of) - de, fuera de (lo contrario de On)
- I took a book off the shelf -- Saqu un libro del estante (antes estaba on = sobre the shelf)
- He took off his coat -- l se sac su saco (antes su saco estaba on = puesto)
- The boat is 3 miles off the coast -- El barco est a 3 millas en frente de la costa
- They turned off the TV -- Ellos apagaron la TV (antes estaba on = encendido)
On - en, sobre, encima
- On the bed -- En la cama
- On the wall -- En la pared
- On foot -- A pie
- On the telephone -- Al telfono
- On the left/right -- A la izquierda/derecha
- On Monday/Tuesday... -- El lunes/martes...
- On the radio. On TV -- En la radio . En la TV
- On vacation -- De vacaciones
- She put her coat on -- Ella se puso su saco (antes estaba off)
- I turned on the lights -- Encend las luces (antes estaban off)
Onto (ntu) - encima de, sobre, en
- The soccer players walked onto the field -- Los futbolistas entraron al campo de juego
On top of (on tp ov) - sobre, encima de
- He was standing on top of a roof -- Estaba parado en el techo
Out of (ut ov) - fuera de, sin
- He came out of the bathroom -- l sali del bao
- He took a rabbit out of his hat -- Sac un conejo de su galera
- We are out of money -- Estamos sin dinero
Over (uver) - sobre, ms de, durante, al otro lado de
- The plane was flying over the city -- El avin estaba volando sobre la ciudad
- She is over 30 years old -- Ella tiene ms de 30 aos
- Bill will not work over the next month -- Bill no trabajar durante el mes prximo
- The dog jumped over the fence and ran away -- El perro salt la cerca y huy
Per (per) - por
- That model charges 1000 dollars per hour -- Esa modelo cobra 1000 dlares por hora
Round (rund) - alrededor de
- The shop is just round the corner -- El negocio est justo a la vuelta de la esquina
- The family sat round the table -- La familia se sent alrededor de la mesa

Since (sns) - desde

- Susan has been studying since 3 o'clock-- Susan ha estado estudiando desde las 3
- The champion has practiced this sport since he was a little boy -- El campen ha
practicado este deporte desde que era un muchachito
Through (zr) - A travs de, por, por medio de
- I was able to see a house through the fog -- Pude ver una casa a travs de la neblina
- They ran through the forest -- Corrieron a travs del bosque
- I learned about his divorce through the newspaper -- Me enter de su divorcio por medio
del diario
Throughout (zru ut) - por todo, durante todo
- It was raining throughout the country -- Estaba lloviendo por todo el pas
- It rained throughout the winter -- Llovi durante todo el invierno
Till (til) = hasta = Until
(ver until)
To (tchu) - a, hasta, hacia
- I want to give something to her -- Quiero darle algo a ella
- They turned to the left and went straight to the university -- Doblaron a la izquierda y
fueron derecho a la universidad
Toward (tuard) - hacia - (tambin se escribe Towards)
- A storm is going toward the city -- Una tormenta est yendo hacia la ciudad
- Billy started to run toward his mother -- Biilly comenz a correr hacia su madre
- We were all very hungry toward noon -- Estbamos todos muy habrientos hacia el
medioda
Under (nder) - debajo de - (under = below = beneath = underneath)
- The mouse went under the bed -- El ratn se meti debajo de la cama
- I have a T-shirt under my sweater -- Tengo una remera debajo de mi suter
- He is working under pressure -- l est trabajando bajo presin
- Everything is under control -- Todo est bajo control
Underneath (andernz) - debajo de - (under = below = beneath = underneath)
- There is rust underneath the paint -- Hay xido debajo de la pintura
Until (antl) - hasta
- They played soccer until they got tired -- Jugaron al ftbol hasta que se cansaron
- He studied until midnight -- l estudi hasta la medianoche
- The results will not be given until tomorrow -- Los resultados no sern dados hasta maana
Up (ap) - hacia arriba de
- He climbed up the mountain -- l trep la montaa
- They went up the stairs -- Subieron las escaleras
- Go up this road until you see a big house -- And por este camino hasta que veas un gran
casa
Upon (apn) - sobre, encima de
- He threw himself upon the floor -- Se tir al piso
- She sat upon the bench -- Se sent en el banco
- The engineers put their attention upon the new machine -- Los ingenieros pusieron su
atencin en la nueva mquina
With (widz) - con, de
- Will you come with me ? -- Vendrs conmigo?

- She went to the party with all her friends -- Se fue a la fiesta con todos sus amigos
- The girl with green eyes -- La chica de ojos verdes
Within (widn) - dentro de, a menos de
- The show will start within an hour -- El show comenzar dentro de una hora
- There is a gas station within two miles from here -- Hay una estacin de servicio a menos
de dos millas de aqu
- That is not within our reach -- Eso no est dentro de nuestro alcance
Without (widut) - sin
- I want coffee without sugar -- Quiero caf sin azcar
- He crossed the street without paying attention -- Cruz la calle sin poner atencin
Verbos Modales
Can

May

Will

Shall

Must

Could

Might

Would

Should

Ought to

p.ej. I can: (puedo/s)

Affirmative: can

Negative: can't / cannot

Interrogative Can ...?

I can drive
Puedo/s conducir

I cannot read
No puedo/s leer

Can you speak Spanish?

Pods/sabs hablar espaol?

You can play chess

T puedes/sabes jugar al
ajedrez

You can't say that

No puedes decir eso

Can you play chess?

Pods/Sabs jugar al ajedrez?

He can go if he wants
l puede ir si quiere

He can't finish this now

l no puede terminar esto
ahora

Can we tell you something?

Podemos decirte algo?

That can be very difficult

Eso puede ser muy difcil

She can't read without

Can she go out tonight?
glasses
Puede ella salir esta noche?
Ella no puede leer sin anteojos

It can be raining
Puede estar lloviendo

It cannot be so easy
(algo) No puede ser tan fcil

Can it fly?
(algo)Puede volar?

We can do that very easily

Podemos hacer eso muy
facilmente

We can't understand this

No podemos entender esto

Can we start tomorrow?

Podemos empezar maana?

Anybody can have bad luck

You can't be so crazy
Cualquiera puede tener mala
No puedes estar tan loco
suerte

Can I be with you?

Puedo estar contigo?

The film can be very boring

They cannot live here
El film puede ser muy
Ellos no pueden vivir aqu
aburrido

Can they stay with us?

Pueden ellos quedrse con
nosotros?

Affirmative
I
You
He
She
It
We

can

go
come
work
live
speak
...

You
They

Negative
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They

cannot
can't

go
come
work
live
speak
...

Interrogative
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they

Can

go ?
come ?
work ?
live ?
speak ?
...

Verbo To Be
TIEMPOS

Verbo To Have
Forma Afirmativa

Forma Negativa

Forma
Interrogativa

Present

I am a farmer

I have a farm

Past

You are tired

You have to rest

Present Perfect

He/ She/ It is sick

He/ She / It has fever

Past Perfect

We are musicians

We have instruments

Future (will)

You are shouting

You have to shut up

Fut (be+going to)

They are rich

They have money

Future Perfect

Traduccin

Conditional

Soy un granjero

Tengo una granja

Past Conditional

Ests cansado

Tens que descansar

(//) Est enfermo

(//) Tiene fiebre

Somos msicos

Tenemos instrumentos

(Uds) estn gritando

(Uds) tienen que callarse

Son ricos

Tienen dinero

Simple Present

Affirmative
long form

Negative
short form

long form

short form

I'm

I am not

I'm not

he's

he is not

he isn't or he's not

we're

we are not

we aren't or we're not

I:
I am
he, she, it:
he is
we, you, they:
we are
Simple Past
Affirmative
long form

Negative
short form

long form

short form

I was not

I wasn't

he was not

he wasn't

we were not

we weren't

I:
I was
he, she, it:
he was
we, you, they:
we were
Present Perfect
Affirmative
long form

Negative
short form

long form

short form

I've been

I have not been

I haven't been

he's been

he has not been

he hasn't been

I, we, you, they:

I have been
he, she, it:
he has been

Past Perfect (The verb be has the same form every time regardless the subject.)
Affirmative

Negative

long form

short form

long form

short form

I had been

I'd been

I had not been

I hadn't been

will-future (The verb be has the same form every time regardless the subject.)
Affirmative

Negative

long form

short form

long form

short form

I will be

I'll be

I will not be

I won't be or I'll not be

going-to-future
Affirmative
long form

Negative
short form

long form

short form

I'm going to be

I am not going to be

I'm not going to be

he's going to be

he is not going to be

he's not going to be or

he isn't going to be

we're going to be

we are not going to be

we're not going to be or

we aren't going to be

I:
I am going to be
he, she, it:
he is going to be
we, you, they:
we are going to be

Conditional I (The verb be has the same form every time regardless the subject.)
Affirmative

Negative

long form

short form

long form

short form

I would be

I'd be

I would not be

I wouldn't be or I'd not be

Conditional II (The verb be has the same form every time regardless the subject.)
Affirmative

Negative

long form

short form

long form

short form

I would have been

I'd have been

I would not have been

I wouldn't have been or

I'd not have been

The verb be can be an auxiliary verb or a main verb in English.

be as a main verb in the Simple Present (am, are, is)
affirmative

negative

I:
I am from England.

I am not from England.

he, she, it:

He is from England.

He is not from England.

we, you, they:

We are from England.

We are not from England.

be as a main verb in the Simple Past (was, were)

affirmative

negative

I, he, she, it:

I was here.

I was not here.

we, you, they:

We were here.

We were not here.

be as an auxiliary verb in the Present Progressive (am, are, is)

affirmative

negative

I:
I am reading a book.

I am not reading a book.

he, she, it:

He is reading a book.

He is not reading a book.

we, you, they:

We are reading a book.

We are not reading a book.

be as an auxiliary verb in the passive:

Simple Present: A house is built.
Simple Past: A house was built.
will future: A house will be built.
going-to future: A house is going to be built.
Vocabulary
LIST OF VERBS (Basic)
Presentamos aqu una lista de verbos para nivel bsico. Por cada verbo se incluye:

el infinitivo

la forma del Simple Past (Pasado Simple, por ejemplo: I arrived yesterday)

el past participle (Participio pasado, que se utiliza en el tiempo Present Perfect, por
ejemplo: I have broken a glass)

su traduccin al espaol

Los verbos regulares forman el Simple Past y el Past Participle agregando -ed al infinitivo. Los
verbos irregulares no siguen esta regla y debers aprenderlos de memoria (se encuentran
marcados con i ). Tambin hemos compilado otras listas de verbos:
Verbos para niveles avanzados
Verbos irregulares

Infinitive

Simple Past

Past Participle

Spanish

answer

answered

answered

responder

arrive

arrived

arrived

llegar

ask

asked

asked

preguntar

be i

was / were

been

ser

borrow

borrowed

borrowed

tomar prestado

break i

broke

broken

romper

buy i

bought

bought

comprar

catch i

caught

caught

atrapar

clean

cleaned

cleaned

limpiar

climb

climbed

climbed

escalar

collect

collected

collected

colleccionar

come i

came

come

venir

compose

composed

composed

componer

cook

cooked

cooked

cocinar

cut i

cut

cut

cortar

dance

danced

danced

bailar

describe

described

described

describir

discover

discovered

discovered

descubrir

do i

did

done

hacer

drink i

drank

drunk

beber

drive i

drove

driven

conducir

eat i

ate

eaten

comer

enjoy

enjoyed

enjoyed

disfrutar

fall i

fell

fallen

caer

feel i

felt

felt

sentir

find i

found

found

encontrar

fly i

flew

flown

volar

forget i

forgot

forgotten

olvidar

give i

gave

given

dar

go i

went

gone

ir

happen

happened

happened

suceder

have i

had

had

tener

help

helped

helped

ayudar

hurt i

hurt

hurt

herir, doler

invent

invented

invented

inventar

invite

invited

invited

invitar

kill

killed

killed

matar

know i

knew

known

saber

lend i

lent

lent

prestar

leave i

left

left

dejar

lie i

lay

lain

yacer

like

liked

liked

gustar

live

lived

lived

vivir

look

looked

looked

mirar

love

loved

loved

amar

make i

made

made

hacer

meet i

met

met

conocer, encontrar

miss

missed

missed

perder, extraar

open

opened

opened

abrir

pack

packed

packed

empacar

pay i

paid

paid

pagar

phone

phoned

phoned

llamar por telfono

play

played

played

jugar

prefer

preferred

preferred

preferir

prepare

prepared

prepared

preparar

push

pushed

pushed

empujar

put i

put

put

poner

rain

rained

rained

llover

read i

read

read

leer

remember

remembered

remembered

recordar

rent

rented

rented

alquilar

rescue

rescued

rescued

rescatar

return

returned

returned

volver, devolver

ring i

rang

rung

llamar por telfono

save

saved

saved

ahorrar

say i

said

said

decir

search

searched

searched

buscar

see i

saw

seen

ver

sell i

sold

sold

vender

sit i

sat

sat

sentarse

skate

skated

skated

patinar

ski

skied

skied

esquiar

sleep i

slept

slept

dormir

smell

smelled

smelled

oler

speak i

spoke

spoken

hablar

spend i

spent

spent

gastar

start

started

started

comenzar

stay

stayed

stayed

quedarse

stop

stopped

stopped

detener

study

studied

studied

estudiar

survive

survived

survived

sobrevivir

swim i

swam

swum

nadar

take i

took

taken

tomar

talk

talked

talked

hablar

teach i

taught

taught

ensear

tell i

told

told

decir

think i

thought

thought

pensar

throw i

threw

thrown

lanzar

touch

touched

touched

tocar

try

tried

tried

intentar

understand i

understood

understood

entender

use

used

used

usar

visit

visited

visited

visitar

wait

waited

waited

esperar

walk

walked

walked

caminar

want

wanted

wanted

querer

wash

washed

washed

lavar

watch

watched

watched

mirar

wear i

wore

worn

llevar puesto

work

worked

worked

trabajar

write i

wrote

written

escribir

Irregular verbs
infinitive

simple past

past participle

be

was/were

been

bear

bore

borne/born (AE)

beat

beat

beaten

become

became

become

begin

began

begun

bend

bent

bent

bet*

bet

bet

bid

bid, bade

bid, bidden

bind

bound

bound

bite

bit

bitten

bleed

bled

bled

blow

blew

blown

break

broke

broken

breed

bred

bred

bring

brought

brought

broadcast

broadcast

broadcast

build

built

built

burst*

burst

burst

bust*

bust

bust

buy

bought

bought

cast

cast

cast

catch

caught

caught

choose

chose

chosen

cling

clung

clung

come

came

come

cost

cost

cost

creep

crept

crept

cut

cut

cut

deal

dealt

dealt

dig

dug

dug

dive

dived/dove(AE)

dived

do

did

done

draw

drew

drawn

drink

drank

drunk

drive

drove

driven

eat

ate

eaten

fall

fell

fallen

feed

fed

fed

feel

felt

felt

fight

fought

fought

find

found

found

flee

fled

fled

fling

flung

flung

fly

flew

flown

forbid

forbade, forbad

forbidden

forecast*

forecast

forecast

forget

forgot

forgotten

forsake

forsook

forsaken

freeze

froze

frozen

get

got

got, gotten (AE)

give

gave

given

grind

ground

ground

go

went

gone

grow

grew

grown

hang

hung

hung

have

had

had

hear

heard

heard

hide

hid

hidden

hit

hit

hit

hold

held

held

hurt

hurt

hurt

keep

kept

kept

know

knew

known

lay

laid

laid

lead

led

led

leave

left

left

lend

lent

lent

let

let

let

lie

lay

lain

light*

lit

lit

lose

lost

lost

make

made

made

mean

meant

meant

meet

met

met

pay

paid

paid

prove*

proved

proven

put

put

put

quit*

quit

quit

read

read

read

rid

rid

rid

ride

rode

ridden

ring

rang

rung

rise

rose

risen

run

ran

run

say

said

said

see

saw

seen

seek

sought

sought

sell

sold

sold

send

sent

sent

set

set

set

sew*

sewed

sewn

shake

shook

shaken

shear*

sheared

shorn

shed

shed

shed

shine

shone

shone

shoot

shot

shot

show*

showed

shown

shut

shut

shut

sing

sang

sung

sink

sank

sunk

sit

sat

sat

slay

slew

slain

sleep

slept

slept

slide

slid

slid

sling

slung

slung

slink

slunk

slunk

slit

slit

slit

sow

sowed

sown

speak

spoke

spoken

speed*

sped

sped

spend

spent

spent

spin

spun

spun

spit

spat, spit

spat, spit

split

split

split

spread

spread

spread

spring

sprang

sprung

stand

stood

stood

steal

stole

stolen

stick

stuck

stuck

sting

stung

stung

stink

stank, stunk

stunk

stride

strode

stridden

strike

struck

struck

string

strung

strung

strive

strove

striven

swear

swore

sworn

sweep

swept

swept

swell*

swelled

swollen

swim

swam

swum

swing

swung

swung

take

took

taken

teach

taught

taught

tear

tore

torn

tell

told

told

think

thought

thought

thrive*

throve

thrived

throw

threw

thrown

thrust

thrust

thrust

tread

trod

trodden, trod

understand

understood

understood

wake*

woke

woken

wear

wore

worn

weave

wove

woven

weep

wept

wept

wet*

wet

wet

win

won

won

wind

wound

wound

wring

wrung

wrung

write

wrote

written

List of Irregular VERBS

Infinitive

Simple Past

Past Participle

alight

alighted, alit

alighted, alit

arise

arose

arisen

awake

awoke, awaked

awoken, awaked

be

was, were

been

bear

bore

borne, born

beat

beat

beaten, beat

become

became

become

beget

begot

begotten

begin

began

begun

bend

bent

bent

bereave

bereaved, bereft

bereaved, bereft

beseech

besought, beseeched

besought, beseeched

bet

bet, betted

bet, betted

bid

bade, bid

bidden, bid, bade

bide

bade, bided

bided

bind

bound

bound

bite

bit

bitten

bleed

bled

bled

bless

blessed, blest

blessed, blest

blow

blew

blown

break

broke

broken

breed

bred

bred

bring

brought

brought

broadcast

broadcast, broadcasted

broadcast, broadcasted

build

built

built

burn

burnt, burned

burnt, burned

burst

burst

burst

bust

bust, busted

bust, busted

buy

bought

bought

can

could

(kein Participle)

cast

cast

cast

catch

caught

caught

choose

chose

chosen

cleave

cleft, cleaved, clove

cleft, cleaved, cloven

cling

clung

clung

clothe

clothed, clad

clothed, clad

come

came

come

cost

cost

cost

creep

crept

crept

crow

crowed

crew, crowed

cut

cut

cut

deal

dealt

dealt

dig

dug

dug

do

did

done

draw

drew

drawn

dream

dreamt, dreamed

dreamt, dreamed

drink

drank

drunk

drive

drove

driven

dwell

dwelt, dwelled

dwelt, dwelled

eat

ate

eaten

fall

fell

fallen

feed

fed

fed

feel

felt

felt

fight

fought

fought

find

found

found

flee

fled

fled

fling

flung

flung

fly

flew

flown

forbid

forbad, forbade

forbid, forbidden

forecast

forecast, forecasted

forecast, forecasted

forget

forgot

forgotten

forsake

forsook

forsaken

freeze

froze

frozen

geld

gelded, gelt

gelded, gelt

get

got

got, gotten

gild

gilded, gilt

gilded, gilt

give

gave

given

gnaw

gnawed

gnawed, gnawn

go

went

gone

grind

ground

ground

grip

gripped, gript

gripped, gript

grow

grew

grown

hang

hung

hung

have

had

had

hear

heard

heard

heave

heaved, hove

heaved, hove

hew

hewed

hewed, hewn

hide

hid

hidden, hid

hit

hit

hit

hold

held

held

hurt

hurt

hurt

keep

kept

kept

kneel

knelt, kneeled

knelt, kneeled

knit

knitted, knit

knitted, knit

know

knew

known

lay

laid

laid

lead

led

led

lean

leant, leaned

leant, leaned

leap

leapt, leaped

leapt, leaped

learn

learnt, learned

learnt, learned

leave

left

left

lend

lent

lent

let

let

let

lie

lay

lain

light

lit, lighted

lit, lighted

lose

lost

lost

make

made

made

may

might

(kein Participle)

mean

meant

meant

meet

met

met

melt

melted

molten, melted

mow

mowed

mown, mowed

pay

paid

paid

pen

pent, penned

pent, penned

plead

pled, pleaded

pled, pleaded

prove

proved

proven, proved

put

put

put

quit

quit, quitted

quit, quitted

read

read

read

rid

rid, ridded

rid, ridded

ride

rode

ridden

ring

rang

rung

rise

rose

risen

run

ran

run

saw

sawed

sawn, sawed

say

said

said

see

saw

seen

seek

sought

sought

sell

sold

sold

send

sent

sent

set

set

set

sew

sewed

sewn, sewed

shake

shook

shaken

shall

should

(kein Participle)

shear

sheared

shorn, sheared

shed

shed

shed

shine

shone

shone

shit

shit, shitted, shat

shit, shitted, shat

shoe

shod, shoed

shod, shoed

shoot

shot

shot

show

showed

shown, showed

shred

shred, shredded

shred, shredded

shrink

shrank, shrunk

shrunk

shut

shut

shut

sing

sang

sung

sink

sank

sunk

sit

sat

sat

slay

slew

slain

sleep

slept

slept

slide

slid

slid

sling

slung

slung

slink

slunk

slunk

slit

slit

slit

smell

smelt, smelled

smelt, smelled

smite

smote

smitten

sow

sowed

sown, sowed

speak

spoke

spoken

speed

sped, speeded

sped, speeded

spell

spelt, spelled

spelt, spelled

spend

spent

spent

spill

spilt, spilled

spilt, spilled

spin

spun

spun

spit

spat

spat

split

split

split

spoil

spoilt, spoiled

spoilt, spoiled

spread

spread

spread

spring

sprang, sprung

sprung

stand

stood

stood

steal

stole

stolen

stick

stuck

stuck

sting

stung

stung

stink

stank, stunk

stunk

stride

strode

stridden

strike

struck

struck

string

strung

strung

strive

strove

striven

swear

swore

sworn

sweat

sweat, sweated

sweat, sweated

sweep

swept

swept

swell

swelled

swollen, swelled

swim

swam

swum

swing

swung

swung

take

took

taken

teach

taught

taught

tear

tore

torn

telecast

telecast, telecasted

telecast, telecasted

tell

told

told

think

thought

thought

throw

threw

thrown

thrust

thrust

thrust

tread

trod

trodden

understand

understood

understood

wake

woke, waked

woken, waked

wear

wore

worn

weave

wove

woven

wed

wed, wedded

wed, wedded

weep

wept

wept

wet

wet, wetted

wet, wetted

win

won

won

wind

wound

wound

wring

wrung

wrung

write

wrote

written

verb list

present

past

past participle

meanings

* Could be conjugated as a regular verb

abide (abid)

abode (abud)

abiden (abden)

sufrir, soportar,
cumplir

arise (aris)

arose (arus)

arisen (arsen)

levantarse,
surgir

awake (awik)

awoke (awuk)

awoken (awuken)

despertarse,
despertar

bear (ber)

bore (bor)

born (born)

aguantar,
soportar, parir

beat (bit)

beat (bit)

beaten (biten)

golpear,
derrotar, batir
Go to examples >

become (bikm)

became (bikim)

become (bikm)

convertirse en,
llegar a ser,
volverse,
ponerse

begin (bigun)

began (bigan)

begun (bign)

empezar

bend (bend)

bent (bent)

bent (bent)

doblar, torcer,
inclinarse

bet (bet)

bet (bet)

bet (bet)

apostar

bid (bid)

bid (bid)

bid (bid)

ofrecer, pujar,
licitar
Go to examples >

bind (bind)

bound (bund)

bound (bund)

atar, unir,
encuadernar

bite (bit)

bit (bit)

bitten (bten)

morder, picar

bleed (blid)

bled (bled)

bled (bled)

sangrar

blow (blu)

blew (bl)

blown (blown)

soplar

break (brik)

broke (bruk)

broken (bruken)

romper
Go to examples >

breed (brid)

bred (bred)

bred (bred)

criar, engendrar

bring (bring)

brought (brot)

brought (brot)

traer

broadcast (brodkst)

broadcast* (brodkst)

broadcast* (brodkst)

transmitir

build (bild)

built (bilt)

built (bilt)

construir

burn (bern)

burnt* (bernt)

burnt* (bernt)

quemar
Go to examples >

burst (berst)

burst (berst)

burst (berst)

explotar,
reventar

buy (bi)

bought (bot)

bought (bot)

comprar

cast (kast)

cast (kast)

cast (kast)

lanzar, echar,

emitir
catch (kach)

caught (kot)

caught (kot)

atrapar, asir,
tomar

choose (chus)

chose (chus)

chosen (chusen)

elegir
Go to examples >

clap (klap)

clapt* (klapt)

clapt* (klapt)

aplaudir

cling (kling)

clung (klang)

clung (klang)

agarrarse,
adherirse,
aferrarse

clothe (klud)

clad* (klad)

clad* (klad)

vestir, revestir,
cubrir

come (kam)

came (kim)

come (kam)

venir

cost (kost)

cost (kost)

cost (kost)

costar
Go to examples >

creep (krip)

crept (krept)

crept (krept)

gatear,
arrastrarse

cut (kat)

cut (kat)

cut (kat)

cortar

deal (dil)

dealt (delt)

dealt (delt)

tratar con,
repartir, dar

dig (dig)

dug (dag)

dug (dag)

cavar

dive (div)

dove* (duv)

dived (divt)

zambullise,
sumergirse,
bucear
Go to examples >

do (du)

did (did)

done (dan)

hacer

draw (dro)

drew (dru)

drawn (dron)

dibujar, extraer,
sacar

dream (drim)

dreamt* (dremt)

dreamt* (dremt)

soar

drink (drink)

drank (draank)

drunk (drank)

beber

drive (driv)

drove (druv)

driven (drven)

conducir, ir en

coche, llevar en
coche
Go to examples >
dwell (dul)

dwelt (dult)

dwelt (dult)

habitar, morar

eat (it)

ate (it)

eaten (iten)

comer

fall (fol)

fell (fel)

fallen (flen)

caer, caerse

feed (fid)

fed (fed)

fed (fed)

alimentar/se, dar
de comer

feel (fil)

felt (felt)

felt (felt)

sentir/se, palpar,
tocar
Go to examples >

fight (fit)

fought (fot)

fought (fot)

pelear, combatir

find (fund)

found (fund)

found (fund)

encontrar

fit (fit)

fit* (fit)

fit* (fit)

encajar, quedar
bien, instalar

flee (fli)

fled (fled)

fled (fled)

huir, huir de

fling (fling)

flung (flang)

flung (flang)

echar, arrojar
Go to examples >

fly (fli)

flew (flu)

flown (flun)

volar

forbid (forbd)

forbade (forbid)

forbidden (forbden)

prohibir

forecast (forkst)

forecast* (forkst)

forecast* (forkst)

pronosticar,
preveer

foresee (forsi)

foresaw (fors)

foreseen (forsin)

preveer

foretell (fortl)

foretold (fortuld)

foretold (fortuld)

predecir
Go to examples >

forget (forgut)

forgot (forgt)

forgotten (forgten)

olvidar

forgive (forguv)

forgave (forguiv)

forgiven (forguven)

perdonar

forsake (forsik)

forsook (forsuk)

forsaken (forsiken)

abandonar,

desamparar
freeze (friss)

froze (fruss)

frozen (frussen)

congelar

get (get)

got (got)

got/gotten (goten)

conseguir,
recibir, ponerse,
llegar
Go to examples >

give (guv)

gave (guiv)

given (guven)

dar

go (gu)

went (went)

gone (gon)

ir

grind (grind)

ground (grund)

ground (grund)

moler

grow (gru)

grew (gru)

grown (grun)

crecer, cultivar

handwrite (jand-rit)

handwrote (jand-rut)

handwritten (jandrten)

escribir a mano

Go to examples >
hang (jang)

hung (jang)

hung (jang)

colgar

have (jav)

had (jad)

had (jad)

tener

hear (jier)

heard (jerd)

heard (jerd)

or

hide (jid)

hid (jid)

hidden (jden)

esconder/se

hit (jit)

hit (jit)

hit (jit)

golpear, pegar
Go to examples >

hold (juld)

held (jeld)

held (jeld)

sostener,
celebrar, esperar

hurt (jert)

hurt (jert)

hurt (jert)

herir, lastimar,
doler

inlay (inli)

inlaid (inlid)

inlaid (inlid)

incrustar

input (nput)

input* (nput)

input* (nput)

entrar, introducir

keep (kip)

kept (kept)

kept (kept)

mantener,
guardar,
continuar, criar
Go to examples >

kneel (nil)

knelt* (nelt)

knelt* (nelt)

arrodillarse,
estar de rodillas

knit (nit)

knit* (nit)

knit* (nit)

tejer, tricotar

know (nu)

knew (ni)

known (nun)

saber, conocer

lay (li)

laid (lid)

laid (lid)

poner, colocar

lead (lid)

led (led)

led (led)

guiar, llevar,
conducir
Go to examples >

lean (lin)

leant* (lent)

leant* (lent)

apoyarse,
inclinarse

leap (lip)

leapt* (lept)

leapt* (lept)

saltar

learn (lern)

learnt* (lernt)

learnt* (lernt)

aprender,
enterarse

leave (liv)

left (left)

left (left)

irse, dejar,
marcharse

lend (lend)

lent (lent)

lent (lent)

prestar
Go to examples >

let (let)

let (let)

let (let)

dejar, permitir

lie (li)

lay (li)

lain (lin)

yacer, echarse,
quedar

light (lit)

lit* (lit)

lit* (lit)

encender

lose (lus)

lost (lost)

lost (lost)

perder

make (mik)

made (mid)

made (mid)

hacer
Go to examples >

mean (min)

meant (ment)

meant (ment)

significar, querer
decir, tener la
intencin de

meet (mit)

met (met)

met (met)

encontrarse con,

conocer
melt (melt)

melted (mlted)

molten* (multen)

derretir

mislead (mislid)

misled (misld)

misled (misld)

engaar,
despistar, llevar
por mal camino

mistake (mistik)

mistook (mistuk)

mistaken (mistiken)

confundir,
interpretar mal
Go to examples >

misunderstand
(misanderstnd)

misunderstood
(misanderstud)

misunderstood
(misanderstud)

entender mal

mow (mu)

mowed (mud)

mown (mun)

segar, cortar

overhear (ouverjier)

overheard (ouverjrd)

overheard (ouverjrd)

or por
casualidad, or
sin intencin de
ello

overtake (ouvertik)

overtook (ouvertuk)

overtaken (ouvertiken) sobrepasar

pay (pi)

paid (pid)

paid (pid)

pagar
Go to examples >

prove (pruv)

proved (pruvt)

proven* (pruven)

probar, resultar

put (put)

put (put)

put (put)

poner

quit (kut)

quit (kut)

quit (kut)

abandonar,
rendirse, dejar

read (riid)

read (red)

read (red)

leer

rid (rid)

rid* (rid)

rid* (rid)

librar,
desembarazar
Go to examples >

ride (rid)

rode (rud)

ridden (rden)

andar en, pasear

en, montar

ring (ring)

rang (raang)

rung (rang)

sonar, llamar por

telfono

rise (ris)

rose (rus)

risen (rsen)

levantarse, subir

run (ran)

ran (raan)

run (ran)

correr

saw (so)

sawed (sod)

sawn* (son)

serrar, serruchar
Go to examples >

say (si)

said (sed)

said (sed)

decir

see (si)

saw (so)

seen (sin)

ver

seek (sik)

sought (sot)

sought (sot)

buscar

sell (sel)

sold (suld)

sold (suld)

vender

send (send)

sent (sent)

sent (sent)

enviar
Go to examples >

set (set)

set (set)

set (set)

poner, ambientar

sew (su)

sewed (sud)

sewn* (sun)

coser

shake (shik)

shook (shuk)

shaken (shiken)

sacudir, agitar,
hacer temblar

shave (shiv)

shaved (shivt)

shaven* (shiven)

afeitarse, rasurar

shear (shir)

shore* (shor)

shorn* (shorn)

esquilar, cortar
Go to examples >

shed (shed)

shed (shed)

shed (shed)

derramar,
mudar, echar

shine (shin)

shone (shun)

shone (shun)

brillar, lustrar

shoot (shut)

shot (shot)

shot (shot)

disparar, matar a
tiros

show (shu)

showed (shud)

shown (shun)

mostrar, exhibir

shrink (shrink)

shrank (shraank)

shrunk (shrank)

encoger/se,
reducir/se
Go to examples >

shut (shat)

shut (shat)

shut (shat)

cerrar

sing (sing)

sang (saang)

sung (sang)

cantar

sink (sink)

sank (saank)

sunk (sank)

hundir/se

sit (sit)

sat (sat)

sat (sat)

sentar/se

slay (sli)

slew (slu)

slain (slin)

matar
Go to examples >

sleep (slip)

slept (slept)

slept (slept)

dormir

slide (slid)

slid (slid)

slid (slden)

deslizar/se,
resbalarse

sling (sling)

slung (slang)

slung (slang)

tirar, arrojar

slink (slink)

slunk (slank)

slunk (slank)

moverse
sigilosamente,
escabullirse

slit (slit)

slit (slit)

slit (slit)

rajar, cortar
Go to examples >

smell (smel)

smelt* (smelt)

smelt* (smelt)

oler

sneak (snik)

snuck* (snak)

snuck* (snak)

entrar/salir/pone
r a hurtadillas

sow (su)

sowed (sud)

sown (sun)

sembrar

speak (spik)

spoke (spuk)

spoken (spuken)

hablar

speed (spid)

sped* (sped)

sped* (sped)

acelerar, ir a
toda velocidad
Go to examples >

spell (spl)

spelt* (splt)

spelt* (splt)

deletrear

spend (spend)

spent (spent)

spent (spent)

gastar, pasar

spill (spil)

spilt* (spilt)

spilt* (spilt)

derramar, volcar

spin (spin)

spun (span)

spun (span)

girar, dar
vueltas, hilar,
tejer

spit (spit)

spat (spat)

spat (spat)

escupir

Go to examples >
split (split)

split (split)

splite (split)

partir, rajar,
dividir

spoil (spil)

spoilt* (spilt)

spoilt* (spilt)

estropear, echar
a perder,
arruinar

spread (spred)

spread (spred)

spread (spred)

extender,
desplegar,
esparcir

spring (spring)

sprang (spraang)

sprung (sprang)

saltar

stand (stand)

stood (stud)

stood (stud)

estar de pie,
pararse, soportar
Go to examples >

steal (stil)

stole (stul)

stolen (stulen)

robar

stick (stik)

stuck (stak)

stuck (stak)

pegar, clavar,
atascarse,
asomar

sting (sting)

stung (stang)

stung (stang)

picar, arder

stink (stink)

stank (stank)

stunk (stank)

apestar, oler mal

stride (strid)

strode* (strud)

stridden (strden)

andar con pasos

largos
Go to examples >

strike (strik)

struck (strak)

struck/stricken
(strken)

golpear, dar (la

hora)

string (string)

strung (strang)

strung (strang)

encordar,
ensartar, atar

strive (striv)

strove (struv)

striven (strven)

luchar,
esforzarse

swear (suer)

swore (suor)

sworn (suorn)

jurar, decir
palabrotas,
malcedir

sweat (sut)

sweat* (sut)

sweat* (sut)

sudar
Go to examples >

sweep (suip)

swept* (supt)

swept* (supt)

barrer, azotar

swell (sul)

swelled (suld)

swollen (sulen)

hincharse,
crecer, aumentar

swim (sum)

swam (suam)

swum (sum)

nadar

swing (sung)

swung (sung)

swung (sung)

balancear,
mecer, colgar

take (tik)

took (tuk)

taken (tiken)

tomar, llevar
Go to examples >

teach (tich)

taught (tot)

taught (tot)

ensear

tear (ter)

tore (tor)

torn (torn)

desgarrar,
romper, arrancar

tell (tel)

told (tuld)

told (tuld)

decir, contar

think (zink)

thought (zot)

thought (zot)

pensar

thrive (zriv)

throve* (zruv)

thriven* (zrven)

prosperar, crecer
mucho,
desarrollarse
Go to examples >

throw (zru)

threw (zr)

thrown (zrun)

tirar, arrojar

thrust (zrast)

thrust (zrast)

thrust (zrast)

empujar con
fuerza, clavar

tread (tred)

trod (trod)

trodden (trden)

pisar, andar

undergo (andergu)

underwent (anderwnt) undergone (anderwnt) sufrir, ser

sometido a,
recibir

understand
(anderstand)

understood
(anderstud)

understood
(anderstud)

entender

Go to examples >
undertake (andertik)

undertook (andertuk)

undertaken

emprender,

(andertiken)

acometer

upset (apst)

upset (apst)

upset (apst)

enfadar,
trastornar

wake (uik)

woke (uuk)

woken (uuken)

despertar

wear (uer)

wore (uor)

worn (urn)

usar, vestir,
gastar

weave (uiv)

wove (uuv)

woven (uuven)

tejer
Go to examples >

wed (ud)

wed* (ud)

wed* (ud)

casarse, contraer
matrimonio

weep (uip)

wept (upt)

wept (upt)

llorar

wet (ut)

wet* (ut)

wet* (ut)

mojar

win (wn)

won (wn)

won (wn)

ganar

wind (wind)

wound (wund)

wound (wund)

dar cuerda,
serpentear,
envolver,
enrollar
Go to examples >

withdraw (widro)

withdrew (widr)

withdrawn (widron)

retirar, sacar

withhold (widjuld)

withheld (widjld)

withheld (widjld)

retener, ocultar,
no revelar

withstand (widstand)

withstood (widstud)

withstood (widstud)

resistir,
aguantar,
oponerse

wring (ring)

wrung (rang)

wrung (rang)

torcer, retorcer,
estrujar, escurrir

write (rit)

wrote (rut)

written (rten)

escribir