What happened in America?

Thursday, January 15, 2015

3:42 AM

1. New cinema (Censorship removed, liberalised)

The breakdown of enforcement of the US Hays Code[43] concerning censorship in motion picture production, the use of new forms of artistic expression in
European and Asian cinema, and the advent of modern production values heralded a new era of art-house,pornographic, and mainstream film production,
distribution, and exhibition. The end of censorship resulted in a complete reformation of the western film industry. With new-found artistic freedom, a
generation of exceptionally talented New Wave film makers working across all genres brought realistic depictions of previously prohibited subject matter to
neighborhood theater screens for the first time, even as Hollywood film studios were still considered a part of the establishment by some elements of the
counterculture.
The Motion Picture Association of America's (MPAA) film-rating system is used in the United States and its territories to rate a film's
suitability for certain audiences, based on its content. The MPAA rating system is a voluntary scheme that is not enforced by law; films can be
exhibited without a rating, though many theaters refuse to exhibit non-rated or NC-17 rated films. Non-members of MPAA may also submit films for
rating.[1]

Now even this rating system is being challenged

Slashfilm.com managing editor David Chen wrote on the website: "It's time for more people to condemn the MPAA and their outrageous antics.
We're heading towards an age when we don't need a mommy-like organization to dictate what our delicate sensibilities can and can't be exposed
to. I deeply hope that the MPAA's irrelevance is imminent."[2]

1. Rialto Cinemas (2012)."Frequently Asked Questions". Rialto Cinemas. Rialto Cinemas. Retrieved1 August 2012.
2. Chen, David (November 8, 2010). "Why the MPAA Should Be Ashamed of Itself".slashfilm.com. RetrievedOctober 3, 2011.

Cencorship->rating system ->

IC: Trend of censor board becoming more liberal, comments against censor

2. Changing lifestyles (Revealing clothes)

The "Generation Gap", or the inevitable perceived divide in worldview between the old and young, was perhaps never greater than during the
counterculture era.[49] A large measure of the generational chasm of the 1960s and early 1970s was born of rapidly evolving fashion and hairstyle trends
that were readily adopted by the young, but often misunderstood and ridiculed by the old. These included the wearing of very long hair by men,[50] the
wearing of natural or "Afro" hairstyles by Blacks, the donning of revealing clothing by women in public,

3. Emergent middle-class drug culture[edit]

In the western world, the ongoing criminal legal status of the recreational drug industry was instrumental in the formation of an anti-establishment social
dynamic by some of those coming of age during the counterculture era. The explosion of marijuana use during the era, in large part by students on fastexpanding college campuses,[52] created an attendant need for increasing numbers of people to conduct their personal affairs in secret in the procurement and
use of banned substances. The classification of marijuana as a narcotic, and the attachment of severe criminal penalties for its use, drove the act of smoking
marijuana, and experimentation with substances in general, deep underground. Many began to live largely clandestine lives because of their choice to use such
drugs and substances, fearing retribution from their governments. [53][54]
Other psychedelics[edit]
Experimentation with LSD, peyote, psilocybin mushrooms, MDA,marijuana, and other psychedelic drugs became a major component of 1960s
counterculture, influencing philosophy, art, music and styles of dress. Jim DeRogatis wrote that peyote, a small cactus containing the psychedelic
alkaloid mescaline, was widely available in Austin, Texas, a countercultural hub, as early as 1961.[122]

IC: Gurgaon school students incidents, rave parties

4. Sexual revolution (Promotion of lust as love)

Main article: Sexual revolution

The sexual revolution(also known as a time of "sexual liberation") was a social movement that challenged traditional codes of behavior related to sexuality
and interpersonal relationships throughout the Western world from the 1960s to the 1980s.[123] Sexual liberation included increased acceptance of sex outside
of traditional heterosexual, monogamous relationships (primarily marriage). [124] Contraception and the pill, public nudity, the normalization of premarital
sex, homosexuality and alternative forms of sexuality, and the legalization of abortion all followed.[125][126]
IC: Kiss of love

a. Contraception[edit]
As birth control became widely accessible, men and women began to have more choice in over the matter of having children than ever before. The
1916 invention of thin, disposable latex condoms for men led to widespread affordable condoms by the 1930s; the demise of the Comstock laws in
1936 set the stage for promotion of available effective contraceptives such as the diaphragm and cervical cap; the 1960s introduction of
the IUD and oral contraceptives for women gave a sense of freedom from barrier contraception. The opposition of Churches (e.g. Humanae vitae)
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the IUD and oral contraceptives for women gave a sense of freedom from barrier contraception. The opposition of Churches (e.g. Humanae vitae)
led to parallel movements of secularization and exile from religion.[18] Women gained much greater access to birth control in the girls world
decision in 1965, in the 1960s and 1970s the birth control movement advocated for the legalization of abortion and large scale education
campaigns about contraception by governments.

a. Free love[edit]
Main article: Free love
Beginning in San Francisco in the mid-1960s, a new culture of "free love" emerged, with thousands of young people becoming "hippies" who
preached the power of love and the beauty of sex as part of ordinary life. This is part of a counterculture that continues to exist. By the 1970s, it
was socially acceptable for colleges to permit co-ed housing.

Free love continued in different forms throughout the 1970s and into the early 1980s, but its more assertive manifestations ended abruptly (or at
least disappeared from public view) in the mid-1980s when the public first became aware of AIDS, a deadly sexually transmitted disease.

a. Explicit sex on screen and stage[edit]

Explicit sex on screen and frontal nudity of men and women on stage became acceptable in many Western countries, as the twentieth century
drew towards its close. Swedish filmmakers like Ingmar Bergman and Vilgot Sjman contributed to sexual liberation with sexually themed films
that challenged conservative international standards. The 1951 film Hon dansade en sommar (She Danced One Summer AKA One Summer of
Happiness) (directed by Arne Mattsson) starring Ulla Jacobsson and Folke Sundquist was notable in this regard for depicting explicit nudity

a. Normalization of pornography[edit]
Further information: History of pornography
Sexual character is closely linked with developments in technology, and the somewhat more open and commercial circulation of pornography was
a new phenomenon at the time of the sexual revolution. Pornography operated as a form of cultural critique insofar as it transgresses societal
conventions. Manuel Castells claims that the online communities, which emerged (from the 1980s) around early bulletin board systems originated
from the ranks of those who had been part of the counterculture movements and alternative way of life emerging out of the sexual revolution.[20]

a. Premarital sex[edit]
Premarital sex, which had been heavily stigmatised for some time became more widely accepted during the sexual revolution. The increased
availability of birth control (and the quasi-legalisation of abortion in some places) helped reduce the chance that pre-marital sex would result in
unwanted children. By the mid-1970s the majority of newly married American couples had experienced sex before marriage.
The idea of marriage being out-of-date came from the new development of casual sex between Americans. For those who were not there to
experience it, it may be difficult to imagine how risk-free sex was during the 1960s and 1970s, casual sex could truly be casual. With the
development of the birth control pill and the legalization of abortion in 1973, there was little threat of unwanted children out of wedlock. Also, during
this time every sexually transmitted disease was treatable; there was no incurable STDs, no AIDS.[12]

a. Politics of sex[edit]
Politics in the United States has become intertwined with sexually related issues, called the "politics of sex". A differing view of abortion pitted prolife activists against pro-choiceactivists.
Women and men who lived with each other without marriage sought "palimony" equal to the alimony. Teenagers assumed their right to a sexual
life with whomever they pleased, and bathers fought to be topless or nude at beaches.

3. Rialto Cinemas (2012)."Frequently Asked Questions". Rialto Cinemas. Rialto Cinemas. Retrieved1 August 2012.
4. Chen, David (November 8, 2010). "Why the MPAA Should Be Ashamed of Itself".slashfilm.com. RetrievedOctober 3, 2011.

5. Alternative media[edit]

Main article: Alternative media

Underground newspapers sprang up in most cities and college towns, serving to define and communicate the range of phenomena that defined the
counterculture: radical political opposition to "The Establishment", colorful experimental (and often explicitly drug-influenced) approaches to art, music and
cinema, and uninhibited indulgence in sex and drugs as a symbol of freedom. The papers also often included comic strips, from which the underground
comix were an outgrowth.

7. Religion, spirituality and the occult[edit]

Many hippies rejected mainstream organized religion in favor of a more personal spiritual experience, often drawing on indigenous and folk beliefs.
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Many hippies rejected mainstream organized religion in favor of a more personal spiritual experience, often drawing on indigenous and folk beliefs.
Timothy Leary was an American psychologist and writer, known for his advocacy of psychedelic drugs. On September 19, 1966, Leary founded the League
for Spiritual Discovery, a religion declaring LSD as its holy sacrament, in part as an unsuccessful attempt to maintain legal status for the use of LSD and
other psychedelics for the religion's adherents based on a "freedom of religion" argument. The Psychedelic Experience was the inspiration for John
Lennon's song "Tomorrow Never Knows" in The Beatles' album Revolver.[181] He published a pamphlet in 1967 called Start Your Own Religion to encourage
just that (see below under "writings") and was invited to attend the January 14, 1967 Human Be-In a gathering of 30,000 hippies in San
Francisco's Golden Gate Park In speaking to the group, he coined the famous phrase "Turn on, tune in, drop out".[182]
IC: Falldown of so called spiritual leaders

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