wffiffiE

I]MVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG

FACULTY OF

CIVI

ENGINEERING & EARTH RESOIIRCES

FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE

EI{WRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

COT]RSE CODE

B4A3613

LECTI]RER

DR NGIEN SU KONG

NADIAH BT MOKIITAR
JANUARY 2015

DATE

DURATION

3 HOURS

SESSION/SEMESTER

SESSION 2OI4I2OI5 SEMESTER

PROGRAM CODE

BAA

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1.
2.
3.
4.

Answer

All

ALL

questions.

answer to a new question should start on a new page.

All the calculation

and assumptions must be clearly shown and stated.

Answer ALL questions in TWO (2) decimal points.

EXAMINATION REOUIREMENTS

1.

Periodic Table

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE TINTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of MNE (9) printed pages including front page

BAA/1415V8AA3613

CONFIDENTIAL

QIIESTION

Water samples were taken from the distribution point of a water treatment plant in
Skudai, Johor and tested to determine the quality of the treated water. The testing
proceeded until only three parameters were left
parameters tested were within the acceptable

to be determined. All the other

limit stated in the National Standard for

Drinking Water Quality expected for MPN, TDS and Hardness. The maximum
acceptable value for the three parameters still to be determined is shown in Table

Qla.

Table Qla :Parameter Limit in National Standard for Drinking Water Quality
Parameters

Maximum Acceptable Value

Total Coliform

Absent in 100 mL sample

Total Dissolved Solids

1000 mg/L

Total Hardness

500 mg/L

The results for the solids determination are as follows:

150

mL of the water sample was filtered. The weight of the filter paper before

filtering is 0.05 g. After filtering and drying at 1030C, the weight of the filter
paper is 0.0749. The water that passed through the filter was put in a drying dish
and dried at 1030C. The weight of the drying dish alone is 110 g. The weight

of

the dish together with the residue after drying is 110.336 g. Calculate the Total
Dissolved Solids in the water.
(4

Marks)

CONFIDENTIAL

BAA/1415I/BAA3613

QUESTTON 2

Water distribution depending on the topography of the distribution areas. With

suitable illustration, sketch and describe 'gravity and pumped combinations'
system in water distribution work.
(3 Marks)

b)

Bentong is estimated to become a new satellite city in 2040. A budget has been
allocated for heavy industrial area (40 ha) and light industrial area (80 ha)

development. Existing data taken from Jabatan Perangkaan shows the

following population data in Table Q2a:

Table Q2a: Population data for Bentong town

Year

Population (person)

980

35, 000

20t0

60, 300

If

daily water demand at the end of 2040 is estimated to be 300l/person.day,

heavy industry (22,000 Llha.day) and light industry (45,000 Lha.day), with..,r
service factor,

F 0.5, determine:

qF

)/.Vopulation groMh rate, r

Population in year zo4o
K

iii.

Total average daily water demand for 2040 (I\4LD)

4***,

c)

The overflow rate for sptlilrg cglumn is given as 500l/m2.hr.

If the floc settling

velocity is 1.5mm/s, will the floc settle? Veriff the answer.

(5 Marks)

d)

Differentiate the function

of

residual chlorine and chlorine demand in

chlorination process. Define breakpoint chlorination

(5 Marks)

BAA/141sy8AA3613

CONFIDENTIAL

,6

The results for the ionic content of the water are as follows:

Ca2*

:70 mglL

OH-

mglL
Na* : 8 mgll

50 mgll-

Coz2-:120 mglL
SO a2- :29.28 mglL

Mg'* = 45

Compute the Total Hardness in the water.

(12 Marks)

The results for the multiple tube fermentation tests are as shown in Table

Qlb.

Estimate the MPN/100 mL.

Table Qlb : Total Coliform Analysis

Size of Portion (mL)

10

0.1

0.01

0.001

Positive Tubes

Negative Tubes

a
J

(5 Marks)

Based on Table

Qla

and the results in part (a) to (c), judge whether the water

from the water treatment plant is fit for drinking.

(4 Marks)

BAA/1415I/8AA3613

CONFIDENTIAL

e)

In types 2 sedimentation, the flocculating particles are continuously changing in

size, and shape. Therefore, a settling column is used to determine the removal

efficiency of the column and the sedimentation column analysis result obtained
is shown in Table Q2b below.

Table Q2b: Analysis of sedimentation column for 180 minutes

Time of sampling, min

Depth

(m)
10

20

40

60

t20

90

Percentage removal (%oR)

0.6

50

60

67

72

73

76

t.2

33

45

s8

62

70

74

1.8

31

38

54

59

63

7l

From the data:

i.
ii.
iii.

Plot isoremoval lines

Construct vertical line at detention time, t--40min
Determine the removal efficiency
(7

Marks)

BAA/1415I/8AA3613

CONFIDENTIAL

QUESTTON 3

,{

Discuss THREE (3) methods that can be used in sludge disposal.

(6

Marks)

Design a waste stabilization pond system that treats 20 MLD of wastewater at a

temperature

"@

The system should contain all three types of ponds. other

information for the design is given in Table Q3.

Table Q3: Information for Waste Stabilization Pond

17500000 FC/100 mL

Depth of FacultativePond

,/

Maturation Pond Retention Time,

t< 10 mgll

<

1750 FC/100 m

(19 Marks)

, ' \-e\A$ "

\jN'^

BAA/1415I/8AA3613

CONFIDENTIAL

QUESTTON 4

a)

Point source pollution can be reduced or eliminated through proper wastewater

treatment prior to discharge. In Malaysia, the premises which contribute to point
source pollution are enforced to comply with Malaysia Water Quality Standard

A or B for effluent discharge purpose.

,/
fr

Briefly explain the definition of point source pollution

Explain the condition which requires premises to comply with
Standard A.

List down THREE (3) parameter and it acceptable value under

Standard

A
(8

Marks)

A new residential area of 600 single-family dwelling house and 50 shop lots

b)

are

being developed in the area of Kempadang Utama. For the purpose of solid
waste management, Majlis Perbandaran Kuantan OmK) has to schedule a trip to
the area for solid waste collection routine.

Discuss the activities associate

,/

with 'onsite handling' in solid waste

management

ii.

From the survey,

it discovers

that waste from the shop lots contains

iscuss the characteristics

of the hazardous waste and

give examples of each of them.

With the aid of suitable schemaiic diagram, explain the best management
practice of sanitary landfill
(8 Marks)

CONF'IDENTIAL

BLNt4t5uBAA36l3

APPENDIX 1: Formulas
Water tre atment process

p = G'lty

Fo = 0.5C oAro r' p

r _ QY (So-sj-iro
tL.

L^=

YX

[Qo

---.r*

+8,

P=

)r :

0.5CoApuip

(Q, + 8*)]r" + (0, +Q". ).}(',

R: ro +2( Lr.zil z" )

Il'ater quality

BOD,:ry
Wastewater trealment Drocess

)-, =

tf =

"o
I

BOD

:-

(1-10-(')

A,

1,,^*=3sofii -o.o02T)r-2s t,.=v, iQ

.ti,QlY,
k=rclt ,Qt{1,
,)/D tQ
@)=

./

z.oft

K,(r) = 0.3(1.05)r-'?0

Js)'-'o
Ni

(1+$r")(1+

\
Krtr)(t+ Krt,)n ',

{
(ti

(t+ Krt)Y+ Krt,)'

I =i-l'\"

-,Waler quanti4t

Temperature (C)

Volumefric-Ihndino (o/m'd)

,/

<10

l0-20

>20

P,:Po (1+r)*

m:n-0

100-

BOD removal (7")

40
2T+20

2Ay- 100i

300 ,/

r:(p,/ps)t/m

60*

_1

WD:(fxCxP")+WDr
API:conc.x11.l111l

9<conc<15

API

15<conc<30

API = 200 + {(conc.-I5) x6.66667

API: 300 + {(conc.-30) x 10

API:

100

+ {(conc.-9) x 16.66667

conc. x 1000
200 + {(conc.-0.2) x 500

0.2 < co-nq< 0.4

API

0.17<conc<0.6

API: conc. x 588.2

API: 100 + {(conc.-0.17lx232.56
API

API:
0.04 < eqna< 0.3

API=conc.x2500
API = 100 + {(conc.-0.04) x 384.61
API : 200 + {(conc.-O.3) x 333-333
API

50<conc<350
350<conc<420

200 + {(conc.-0.6) x 166.667

300 + {(conc.-1.2) x 250

API:

300 + {(conc.-0.6) x 500

50 + {(conc.-50) x 0.5
API : 200 + {(conc.-350) x 1.4286
API = 300 + {(conc.-420) x 1.25