201O International Conference on Optics, Photonics and Energy Engineering

Research on Maximum Wind Energy Capture Control Strategy

Hongliang Jiang 3

Xing}ia Yao 1 ,Shu Liu 1,2 and Xiaodong Wang 1

Faming Sui

and

Zuoxia Xing 1 ,

1 . Wind Energy Institute o/Technology

1 . Wind Energy Institute o/Technology

Shenyang University o/Technology

Shenyang University o/Technology

Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110023, China

Shenyang, Liaoning Province, II0023,China

3. Research Institute Company Limited

2. The college 0/ economy and management

Shenyang Vision Automatic Identification

Shenyang institute 0/ chemical technology

Technology
Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110004, china

Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110142, China

lhljhw@163.com

lhljhw@126.com

Abstract -In order to most effectively utilize the

operation characteristics, the principle and process

wind energy and improve the efficiency of wind

of

generation system, an optimum control strategy

analyaed.

was proposed. Maximum wind energy capturing is

confirmed by Simulation and come to a conclusion.

one

of

the

most

important

technology

capture

the

maximum

Finally,

its

wind

control

energy

were

strategy

are

for

improving the conversion efficiency of wind power

Index Terms-wind power generation; maximum

generation system and achieving maximum power

wind energy capture; control strategy

point tracking. Based on analysis of wind turbines

I . INTRODUCE
Energy and environment are the urgent

is increasing day by day. In order to study the

problems for human to solve now for survival

largest wind energy capture of wind generator

and

energy

system, this paper analyzed the performance

resources are not only limited, but also prone to

characteristics of wind generators in detail to

cause environmental pollution. Therefore, the

track the largest wind power capture curve in the

development and utilization of renewable energy,

different wind speeds, and maximized the use of

especially the wind energy is attached great

wind energy in order to increase generating

importance to by national attention more and

capacity.

more.

II .

development.

Conventional

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF WIND

At present wind power share in the power

GENERATOR

grid is growing. Most of the existing wind

According to the aerodynamics can know

generators adopt the operation mode of constant

the input power of wind generator is:

speed, and the speed of wind generators can't

Pr

change with the wind speed, and can not achieve

the optimal utilization factor of wind energy.

Cp is

Wind generators which run in variable-speed are

favored by

domestic and

foreign scholars

"2CpApv

(I)

the power coefficient, and p is air

density, and

is the swept area of wind

because of their advantages of maximizing the

generator blades, and v is wind speed . In the

wind energy capture, and their installed capacity

case of a given wind speed, wind generator

978-1-4244-5236-1110/$26.00 201O IEEE

OPEE 2010
34

As can be seen from Fig.!, for a set wind

power obtained will depend on power factor Cp ,

p

and

is the function of tip speed ratio

generator, in a certain wind speed and pitch

angle, there is a largest wind energy conversion

factor to achieve the best wind generator output

power. Thus, in a certain wind speed, adjusting

and blade pitch angle /J .

the speed of wind generator to run in the

Tip speed ratio is the ratio of tip speed of

conditions of the best tip speed ratio can

achieve the goal of capturing the maxImum

wind wheel and wind speed

,.1,= OJrRr

wind energy [I].

(2)

III. THE CONTROLOFLARGESTWIND

ENERGY CAPTURE

OJ is the wind wheel angular velocity of the

T

wind generator; and R

A. the operation area of wind power system

When the wind speed is become from small

is the blade radius,

to large, wind generator will run in the largest

and V is wind speed.

wind energy capture area, the constant speed

Fig.! is the function curve

area and the constant power area, as shown in

C (A, /J) , and

Fig.3. In Fig.2,
in the fixed pitch cases (

11/J = 0

) , the tip speed

Cp

'

is the rated output power of

the wind generator.

ratio determines the size of wind energy

utilization factor

Fig.3 is the speed-power

operation area of the double-fed generator.

p

For a particular wind

generator, there is a unique optimal tip speed

ratio

AOP1

to

make

achieve

the

maximum Cp max . When the tip speed ratio A IS

deviated from the optimum tip speed ratio AOP1
it

will

coefficient

make
p

wind

energy

o-----V
Fig.2 the operation area of wind generator

'

utilization

decrease, reducing the wind

B
A

energy utilization and conversion efficiency.

According to Bates theory, the limits coefficient

O--
Wo-p -------w-

of wind energy utilization is about 0.593.

Fig.3 the operation area of double-fed generator

In the Fig.2 and Fig.3, region one is the

largest wind energy capture area of wind
generator and generator. Region 2 is the constant
speed area, and region 3 is the constant power
area, and uses the line segments OA to stand for
the wind generator is in the state of fixed blade
Fig.l The curve of

--

pitch. When the angle of blade pitch is 0, in

accordance with the characteristics of wind

35

generators that the power output is only related

N is the speed up ratio of the gear box. n p is

with the generator speed; so as long as the best

the number of pole pairs of the generators.

reference speed of the generator is given to

control the speed of generators, and track the

Fig.4 shows the curve of output power and

speed of the wind generator in different wind

maximum wind power capture.

B. the Theory ofLargest Wind Energy Capture

speeds, when the wind speed is V 3'

Fig.4 shows the relationship between axis

output power Pm and speed

OJr of the wind

generator

wind

under

different

the

system can be stable to capture the maximum

wind energy at the point of A ; when the time the

speeds

wind speed is

( VI> v2 > v3) in the condition of fixed blade

v2

instantaneous, the wind

generator runs jump from the point of

to

pitch. It can be seen that when wind speed is

B, and the output power of wind generator

certain, the output power of the wind generator

suddenly increases; due to the role of inertia,

is different because of the different speed.

generators are still running on the point of

There is always a fixed optimum speed OJr -opt

corresponds to the speed and power status. Then

to make the wind generator run in this speed,

than the electromagnetic power and torque, and

and the optimum tip-speed ratio will reach to

the speed is up. In the speed increase process,

capture

the wind generator and generator runs along the

the

maximum

wind

energy

the generator input power and torque is greater

and

curves ofBC and AC. When reached the point of

maximum power output.

C where the wind generator power curve and

4 r--------'

"b

E
"-

the best power curve intersect, power once again

reaches a new balance and the speed is stable.

IV. SIMULATION
This paper simulated the natural wind speed
o

Fig.4 the curve of

to carry out the simulation verification.

40

Pm

A. Wind Speed Model

OJr

The simulated wind speed Vw in the

composition of wheel department consists of

The speed of double-fed generator OJg is N

four components

times the speed of wind generator. As long as we

(4)

control the speed of double-fed generator OJg-opt'

VB is constant value basic wind, and VWG

fixed blade pitch wind generator runs in a certain

wind speed corresponding to the best point to

is gust of wind, and VWR is gradient wind, and

achieve the maximum output power. According

to the equation (2) and OJg = NOJr , it can be

VWN is random noise wind. The simulation of

inferred:

the wind conditions is shown in Fig.5

( 3)

36

I',

tmJs)

speed difference will make a different output

12 ,.------,---"";"I;---.--,

power of wind generator. There is always a fixed

II

maximum speed to make the wind generator run

in this speed to reach the optimum tip speed ratio

10

and the maximum wind capture and maximum

<)

power output.
5

10

REFERENCE

[1) Ermis A, Ertan M, Akpinar H B, et alAtonomous wind

Fig.5 Wind speed signal at turbine blade

B. Simulation Results

energy conversion system with a simple controller for

In the action of simulated wind, the system

maximum

can track the best tip speed ratio (Fig.6)

-:-

wr

o 0

Applications,IEE

Zhong.Maximum

(3)

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Proceedings

...

..

.......

Doubly

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and

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Capture the Maximum Wind Energy of wind Generation
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Cp

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V. CONCLUSIONS
analyzed

capture

Simulation. VoI.19.No.15.

10

tis

Fig. 7 Process of Power efficient

paper

energy

[4) Hui Li, Li Han, Pei He.Simulation for Strategy of

Maximal

wind

Yang,Qing

Applications.2007.

Tracking of optimum tip speed ratio

.sr'

Jianlin
Capturing

0.2

This

Power

passivity-based theory

'" 0.3

[J)'Electric

[2) Jinming Yang,Jie WU,Ping Yang,Junhua

tis

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Fig.6

-power

Wind Turbine System and Simulation.Application of

the

performance

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a control strategy to capture the largest wind

Wind

power in order to achieve maximum wind power

Constant-Frequency Double-Fed Wind Power Generation

tracking. When the wind speed is certain, the

System. Telecom Power Technologies. VoI.22.No.3.

37

Energy

Capturing

Control

for

Variable-Speed