Sie sind auf Seite 1von 2

DENMARK

Economic Freedom Score


25

World Rank:

10

Regional Rank:

Least
free

enmarks economic freedom score is 76.1, making its econD


omy the 10th freest in the 2014 Index. Its overall score is
the same as last year, with improvements in investment free-

50

75
Most

100 free

76.1

Freedom Trend
80

dom and trade freedom counterbalanced by declines in the


management of public spending and fiscal freedom. Trailing
Switzerland and Ireland, Denmark is ranked 3rd out of 43
countries in the Europe region.
Over the 20-year history of the Index, Denmarks economic freedom score has advanced by nearly 9 points, a top 10
improvement among developed economies. Leading the way
have been notable score improvements of 20 points in investment freedom and financial freedom. Overall, Denmarks
economic freedom score has remained the same or increased
in all but two areas: labor freedom and monetary freedom.
Charting a relatively steady rise in economic freedom over
two decades, Denmark reached mostly free status in 2002
and achieved its highest score of 79.6 in 2009.
Strongly underpinning Denmarks economic dynamism, the
judicial system, independent and free of corruption, enforces
contracts reliably. Openness to global trade and investment
has enabled Denmark to become one of the worlds most competitive and flexible economies. On the other hand, the overall
tax regime that finances Denmarks large-scale government
programs remains burdensome and complex.
BACKGROUND: Helle Thorning-Schmidt became prime
minister after a center-left coalition led by Social Democrats
defeated Prime Minister Lars Lkke Rasmussen in the September 2011 parliamentary elections. She is Denmarks first
female prime minister. Denmark has been a member of the
European Union since 1973. Its economy depends heavily on
foreign trade, and the private sector is characterized by many
small and medium-size companies. Increased immigration
spurred by the 2011 uprisings in North Africa has caused the
government to consider more restrictive immigration laws.
Although not party to the euro, Denmark has felt the impact of
the European economic crisis. Growth is sluggish, but unemployment remains relatively low.
How Do We Measure Economic Freedom?

See page 471 for an explanation of the methodology


or visit the Index Web site at heritage.org/index.

79
78
77
76
75

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Country Comparisons
76.1

Country
World
Average

60.3

Regional
Average

67.1

Free
Economies

84.1
0

20

40

60

80

100

Quick Facts
Population: 5.6 million
GDP (PPP): $210.1 billion
0.6% growth in 2012
5-year compound annual growth 0.9%
$37,657 per capita
Unemployment: 7.6%
Inflation (CPI): 2.4%
FDI Inflow: $2.9 billion
Public Debt: 50.1% of GDP
2012 data unless otherwise noted.
Data compiled as of September 2013.

181

DENMARK (continued)
THE TEN ECONOMIC FREEDOMS
Score

RULE OF
LAW

Country

World Average

Property Rights 90.0


Freedom from Corruption 93.7
0

20

40

60

80

Rank

1Year
Change

2nd
2nd

0
0.3

100

Levels of corruption are generally very low in Denmark, which consistently receives some of
the highest marks in Transparency Internationals Corruption Perceptions Index. Protections
for property rights are strongly enforced, with an independent judicial system institutionalized throughout the economy. Intellectual property rights are respected, and enforcement is
consistent with world standards.
Fiscal Freedom 39.3
GOVERNMENT
Government Spending 0.5
SIZE

182nd
176th
0

20

40

60

80

0.5
5.4

100

The top individual income tax rate is 56 percent, and the corporate tax rate is 25 percent. Other
taxes include a value-added tax (VAT) and a tax on fatty foods. The overall tax burden is equivalent to 48 percent of GDP. Public expenditures finance 57.6 percent of the domestic economy,
and public debt is about 50 percent of GDP. The eurozone crisis has slowed growth, hurting
public finances.

REGULATORY
EFFICIENCY

Business Freedom 98.1


Labor Freedom 91.2
Monetary Freedom 80.0

2nd
5th
30th
0

20

40

60

80

0.3
+0.1
0

100

Denmarks regulatory environment remains one of the worlds most efficient. Starting a business takes only four procedures, and minimum capital requirements have been reduced. Relatively flexible hiring and dismissal regulations sustain an efficient labor market. Monetary
stability is well established, but rents are controlled, and medications are heavily subsidized.
In 2013, green energy subsidies were reduced.

OPEN
MARKETS

Trade Freedom 87.8


Investment Freedom 90.0
Financial Freedom 90.0

11th
2nd
1st
0

20

40

60

80

+1.0
+5.0
0

100

EU members have a low 1.1 percent average tariff rate and, in general, few non-tariff barriers
to trade. Denmark is very open to foreign investment as well. The financial sector is competitive and diversified. After undergoing a period of uncertainty, the banking sector has become
more stable. Banks dependence on state guarantees has been reduced, and prudential banking
regulations have been strengthened.

Long-Term Score Change (since 1996)


GOVERNMENT
SIZE

RULE OF LAW
Property Rights
Freedom from
Corruption

182

0
+3.7

Fiscal Freedom
Government
Spending

+7.8
+0.5

REGULATORY
EFFICIENCY

OPEN MARKETS

Business Freedom +13.1


Labor Freedom
8.7
Monetary Freedom 11.4

Trade Freedom
+10.0
Investment Freedom +20.0
Financial Freedom +20.0

2014 Index of Economic Freedom

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen