3.

"Diophantus passed 1/6 of his life in childhood, 1/12 in youth and 1/7 more
as a bachelor. Five years after his marriage, was born a son who died 4 years
before his father, at 1/2 his father's final age." How old was Diophantus when he
died?
:
Let x = his final age
:
a lengthy but simple equation
:
Final age = child + youth + bach + marriage + son's age + 4
x= x+
x+ x+5+ x+4
:
Common denominator of 12*7 = 84
x=

x+

x=
:

x+9

x-

x+

x+5+

x=9

:
x=9
:
Multiply both sides by 84
9x = 84(9)
:
x = 84 is his final age
:
Check:
14 + 7 + 12 + 5 + 42 + 4 = 84

x+4

12. The The gasoline tank of a car contains 50 liters of gasoline and alcohol, the
alcohol comprising 25%. How much of the mixture must be drawn off and replaced
by alcohol so that the tank contain a mixture of which 50% is alcohol?asoline tank
of a car contains 50 liters of gasoline and alcohol, the alcohol comprising 25%. How
much of the mixture must be drawn off and replaced by alcohol so that the tank
contain a mixture of which 50% is alcohol?

15.i n a chemical laboratory one carboy contains 12 gallons of acids and 18

gallons of water. Another carboy contains 9 gallons of acid and 3 gallons
of water. How many gallons must be drawn from each carboy and
combined to form a solution that is 7 gallons acid and 7 gallons water?
In a chemical laboratory
A. one carboy contains 12 gallons of acids and 18 gallons of water.
B. Another carboy contains 9 gallons of acid and 3 gallons of water.
----------------How many gallons must be drawn from each carboy and combined to form
a solution that is 7 gallons acid and 7 gallons water?
---Acid Equation: 12A + 9B = 7 gallons
Water Equatio: 18A + 3B = 7 gallons
-------------------------------------Solve by elimination:
Multiply thru 2nd equation by 3 to get:
54A + 9B = 21
---------------------Subtract the 1st equation from that and solve for A:
42A = 14

A = 1/3
1/3 1st carboy gives 4 gals acid and 6 gals water
Substitute into 18A + 3B = 7 and solve for B:
18(1/3) + 3B = 7
3B = 1
B = 1/3
1/3 2nd carboy give 3 gals acid and 1 gal of water
==============================
1/3 of 1st carboy = 10 gals
1/3 of 2nd carboy = 4 gals
16. A tobacco dealer mixed 12 lbs of one grade of tobacco with 10 lbs of
another grade to obtain a blend worth $54. He then made a second blend
worth $61 by mixing 8 lbs of the first grade and 15 lbs of the second
grade. Find the price per lb in each grade.

let blend one price be $x

Let blend 2 price be y
12x+10y=54
8x+15y=61
2(12x+10y) - 3(8x+15y)= 2*54 - 3*61
24x+20y-24x-45y= -75
-25y=-75
y=3.... $3 for the secon blend
plug the value of y in equation 12x+10y=24
x=2
$2, $3 is the price

27. If A's rate of doing work is to B's is 6:8 and A does a piece of work in 50
days, how long will it take B to do it?
6/8=50/b
B= 66.7
29. The time required for two examinees to solve the same problem differs by
two minutes. Together they can solve 32 problems in one hour. How long will it take
for the slower problem solver to solve the problem?

So in 1 min, E can solve 1/x of a problem.

In one hour, E solves 60/x problems
Similarly, in one hour, E solves 60/(x 2) problems

Together they solve :

60/x + 60/(x 2) = 32
Solving for x, and getting x = 3/4 or 5,
but x = 3/4 is not possible since E solves (3/4 2) = 1.25 min to solve a problem.
So x = 5
31. A cyclist traveled a certain distance at her usual speed. If her speed
had been 2 mi/hr faster, she would have traveled the distance in 1 hr less
time. If her speed had been 2 mi/hr slower, she would have taken 2 hr
longer. Find the distance traveled and her usual speed.

peed__________time__________distance
Usual________________r_____________t_____________d
Faster______________r+2___________t-1____________d
Slower______________r-2___________t+2____________d

EQUATIONS

Use the second and third equations of the simplified system and the
Elimination Method to get values for r and for t. You can then use them in any
of the equations to find value for d.
You can put this solution on YOUR website!
system of linear equations

A cyclist traveled a certain distance at her usual speed. If her speed had
been 2 mi/hr faster, she would have traveled the distance in 1 hr less time.
If her speed had been 2 mi/hr slower, she would have taken 2 hr longer. Find
the distance traveled and her usual speed.

Normal speed:

mph

Distance:

miles

33 . A boat going across a lake 8 km wide proceeds 2 km at a certain

speed and then completes the trip at a speed of 0.5 km/hr faster. By doing
this, the boat arrives 10 minutes earlier then if the original speed had
been maintained. Find the original speed of the boat.

Let the original speed be x km / hour

Time taken at original speed = 8 / x hours
Time taken at increased speed after 2km = 2/ x + 6/ (x+0.5)

8/ x - 2/x - 6/ (x+0.5) = 10/60 = 1/6

6/ x - 6 / ( x+0.5) = 1/6
MULTIPLY BOTH SIDES BY x *(x+0.5) *6
36( x+0.5) - 6 *x*6 = x ( x+0.5)
36x + 18 - 36x = x^2 + 0.5x
x^2 + 0.5x -18 = 0
2x^2 + x - 36 = 0
2x^2 -8x +9x -36 = 0
2x ( x-4) +9( x -4) = 0

( 2x +9) ( x-4) = 0
x = 4km/ hour ANSWER
CHECK
8/4 = 2 hours
2/4 = 0.5 hours
6/4.5 = 4/3 hours = 1 hour 20 minutes
ADD = 1 hour 50 minutes
Difference = 10 minutes
43. coin bank contains $1.65 in nickels, dimes and quarters. There are twice as
many nickels as dimes and one more quarter than nickels. How many quarters are
there?
Total Number of Nickels = N
Total Number of Dimes = D
Total Number of Quarters = Q
Relations:
D=N/2
Q=N+1
Value of Quarters * Q + Value of Nickels * N + Value of Dimes * D = 1.65
0.25Q + 0.05N + 0.1D = 1.65
0.25(N+1) + 0.05N + 0.1 (N/2) = 1.65
taking two as common denominator, we get,
[0.5(N+1) + 0.1N + 0.1N] / 2 = 1.65
0.5N + 0.5 +0.1N + 0.1N = 3.30
0.5N + 0.1N + 0.1N = 3.30 - 0.5
0.7N = 2.80
N=4
Q=N+1=4+1=5
Total Number of Quarters = 5

44. a toy savings bank contains $17.30 consisting of nickels, dimes and
quarters. the number of dimes exceeds twice the number of nickels by 3
and the number of quarters is 4 less than 5 times the number of nickels.
how many quarters are in the bank?
5x+20x+30+125x-100=1730
150x+30 =1830
150x=1830-30
150x=1800
/150
x=12 nickels 15 2x+3 dimes = 27
5x-4 = 56 quarters
45. Mary Rose has $1.45 in coins. She has 14 coins in Nickels, Dimes and Quarters.
There are 2 more dimes and quarters combined. How many nickels does she have.
I'm going to assume that "There are 2 more dimes and quarters combined" means
there are 2 more NICKELS THAN dimes and quarters combined.
145 = 5n + 10d + 25q
n=2+d+q
n + d + q = 14
Now you have 3 equations in 3 variables, which you can solve.
Solve the first one for q:
145 = 5n + 10d + 25q
25q = 145 - 5n - 10d
q = 145/25 - n/5 - 2d/5
Drop that q into the second equation and solve for d:
n=2+d+q
n = 2 + d + 145/25 - n/5 - 2d/5
d = n - 2 - 145/25 + n/5 + 2d/5
Drop the d and q into the third equation and solve for n:
n + d + q = 14
n + n - 2 - 145/25 + n/5 + 2d/5 + 145/25 - n/5 - 2d/5 = 14
n + n - 2 = 14
2n = 16
n=8