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RNS means Radio Network Subsystem ,which is composed of one RNC and the the
NodeBs under its control.
The interface between RNC and NodeB is IUB interface. IUR interface may be
configured between two RNC, it is optional, used for inter-RNC cooperation.
By RRC signaling, RNC controls UE. So the RRC is the most important signaling in
UTRAN. The access success rate , handover success rate are all calculated based on
the RRC signaling statistic. RRC signaling is very useful to analyze the fault.
IUB interface signaling is called NBAP signaling, which can be used for locating
NodeBs faults.
By analyze RANAP signaling between RNC and CN, we can locate a fault in CN or in
UTRAN, especially for RAB assignment ,call drop, inter-RAT relocation and paging
procedure, RANAP signaling is very useful.
By analysis of RNSAP signaling between two RNC, we can trace inter-RNC handover
procedure.
In idle mode, UE reads system information , so as to control it self. The behaviors in Idle
mode include PLMN selection, cell selection and reselection, paging monitoring;
After UE receives a paging or when user initiates a service, UE will trigger RRC
setup ,in connected mode, UE will then send and receive NAS signaling with CN. After
that , CN may start RAB assignment procedure to set up a bearer for the service.
During the service ,UTRAN may handover the CELL-DCH UE to neighbor cell based on
the mobility of the UE or based on the load of the cell. CELL-FACH\CELLPCH UE may
trigger cell update procedure after it move to a area covered by a neighbor cell.
During the PS service period, UTRAN may reconfigure the radio bear of the service
based on the network load or users activity.
By the index in MIB and SB, UE can read the detail contents in SIB
By the drive test tool, we can trace the system information, so as to know some basic
information of a cell.
SIB: system information block, includes SIB1, SIB2, SIB3, SIB5, SIB7, SIB11.
PLMN ID
Scheduling
information for
SB and SIB
PLMN is broadcasted in MIB, that is MCC and MNC of the network, which is used for UE
PLMN selection
Besides that, MIB includes scheduling information of SB and SIB, that is the index, by
which UE can acquire the location of SB and SIB, so as to read the detail information in
SIB.
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Scheduling
information of SIB1
Scheduling
information of SIB2
Scheduling
information of SIB3
SB only tells the scheduling information of SIB, such as the scheduling information of
SIB1/SIB2/SIB3 in this example.
DRX means discontinuous reception, used to save the battery of the UE when
monitoring the paging.
Counters and constants are used to control the procedures of access , cell update ,
DCH setup of the UE, and so on, the meanings of the counters refer to 3GPP 25.331
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SIB2 indicates the URA ID of a cell, URA ID is used for mobility management of a UE in
URA-PCH state.
RNCID + cell ID
Intra/inter frequency
cell reselection threshold
Inter-RAT cell reselection threshold
Cell selection threshold
In the example of this page, what is the RNC ID and cell ID?
HEX2DEC(006F) = 111 = RNC ID
HEX2DEC(1BDB) = 7131 = Cell ID
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In the
exampleInformation
of this page
,check the
selection
parameters
and compare it with
the default setting, which parameter is changed , and what is the purpose of this
optimization? what is the disadvantage?
PICH/AICH power
PRACH configration
Question:
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For random access procedure, what is the required resource for a UE?
PCPICH power
Random access
parameters
AICH SF
Configuration
of SCCPCH
Configuration
of PICH
Question:
SIB7:System information 7
UL interference
Dynamic persistence level
Intra-freq
neighbor list
Scambling
code
BSIC
BCCH
Paging message may be initiated by CN or RNC. Based on UEs state , RNC may send
paging type1 or type2 on Uu interface.
Page type1 is for the UE in IDLE, CELL-PCH ,URA-PCH state. Paging type1 is sent on
PCCH and DRX is used.
Page type2 is for the UE in CELL-DCH , CELL-FACH. Paging type2 is sent on DCCH.
UE IMSI
UE TMSI
LAC
Paging cause
LAC/RAC
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Paging cause
After RNC receives a paging from CN, RNC will check the state of the UE. If UE is in idle
mode, CELL-PCH or URA-PCH state, RNC will page the UE with type1 on PCCH.
If the paging signaling from CN includes IMSI and TMSI (or P-TMSI) both, RNC will
page the UE by TMSI (or P-TMSI).
If the paging from CN includes IMSI only, RNC will page the UE by IMSI.
By setting up RRC connection with UTRAN, UE enters connected mode. This procedure
is triggered by UE sending RRC CONNECTION REQUEST on RACH.
Based on the cause value in RRC CONNECTION REQUEST signaling, RNC decides
the channel type for RRC connection, the channel for RRC connection could be DCH
(DCH3.4k ,DCH6.8k ,DCH13.6k ,DCH27.2k), CCH (RACH/FACH), and even HSPA
channel.
For RRC Setup on DCH or HSPA, RNC shall configure NodeB to prepare RL , after that,
by RRC CONNECTION SETUP signaling, RNC configures UE
For RRC CONNECTION REQUEST signaling, we should pay attention to the following
elements:
UE ID
CauseBased on this cause ,RNC decides the channel for RRC connection.
Service cell CPICH Ec/Noused for downlink DCH initial power calculation.
UE ID
Cause
Service cell
Ec/No
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Note:
For some
new version
mobile No
phones,
the UE
HSPA
capability is include in
URNTI
State of UE
DRX Cycle
RB information
Transport channel
TTI 10ms
TB size
TB number
Channel
coding
Transport
channel
TTI 10ms
TB size
TB Number
Channel
coding
Target
BLER
Question:
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to UE Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission
Power offset
Uplink power
Control algorithm
Uplink code
Question:
UL PSC is assigned by RNC in per call basis. There are 224 long & 224 short codes
divided between RNC, each RNC has its own planned range.
In this case, the uplink SF is 64, can you tell what is the rate of the channel?
Downlink power
control Mode
DL OVSF code
Question: The SF in uplink and downlink are different, are the channel rates
different also?
No, the channel rate is the same, the SF different is because for DL, the SF code is
subjected to a serial-to-parallel conversion before TM, which effectively double up the rate
of physical channel, means half of the channels data is carried on I while another half on Q,
while for UL there is no serial-to-parallel conversion. Hence DL SF = UL SF/2
Down PSC
Downling DCH
OVSF code
Question
Why downlink physical RLs are configured separately? How about uplink
configuration?
Which OVSF code is allocated in this case?
SF128
From the code allocation, can you judge if the HSDPA is active in this cell?
UE RF capability
Inter-RAT capability
HSPA capabilities.
The 2100M
measurement
capability
The GSM
measurement
capability
L2 capabilities
HSPA capability
NACC capability of
UE
The HSPA capability of UE affects the channel type of the traffic, rate
negotiation and HSPA scheduling.
If we want to setup RRC on HSPA, beside the configuration of the RNC , the UEs HSPA
capability is required also, because UE should report HSPA capability to RNC in
the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST signaling.
Via NAS signaling, UE can realize location registration (IMSI ATTACH power on and
attached to network), GPRS ATTACH (attach to GPRS network), PDP activation,
authentication, security mode, and so on.
Most of the NAS signaling are transparent messages in UTRAN, so they are called
directed transfer signaling.
Message type
Message content
LAC
Question:
CN sends Common ID to RNC, which is used for paging transmission during the
connection
Question:
The COMMON ID message is used to inform the RNC of the IMSI. The RNC will
use this information for paging co-ordination of connections from MSC and
SGSNs.
Hence IMSI is mandatory because it is needed for calculation of paging group and
also for WCDMA RAN paging co-ordination.
This signalings are called direct transfer message, because UTRAN does not process
these messages, just repeats to CN in uplink or to UE in downlink.
Authentication
Request
Since RNC does not process the DT message , so ,we can analyse the DT message on the
IU interface.
In this example,
CN requests
UEs
authentication.
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Authentication
Response
In this example, after UEs PDP Context Activation DT message, CN sends RAB
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST to RNC ,informs the QoS of the service and priority of the
UE to RNC.
RNC will make a decision based on the required QoS and start the bearer setup
procedure.
CN sends the service and UE related configurations to RNC via RAB ASSIGNMENT
REQUEST signaling.
Service
class
Service
bandwidth
Data format
In this example, PS CN assigned an interactive RAB, which is symmetric in uplink and downlink, the
Maximum bit rate is 8.64M with out guaranteed bit rate
RB SETUP Signaling
HRNTI and
ERNTI of the UE
UL Physical
channel
DL Physical channel
Questions
RB setup :
RB setup request :
RB setup request :
RB setup request :
When the measured signals satisfy some threshold configured in measurement control,
UE triggers a MEASUREMENT REPORT to RNC.
According to this MEASUREMENT REPORT, RNC may make a decision ,then triggers
the handover.
In this case, UE triggers a 1A event, then RNC executes a RL addition procedure (soft
handover). After that , UE is in soft handover state.
Measurement ID
PSC of a neighbor
By the Measurement control signalings with the same measurement ID, RNC can
modify the neighbor list of the UE.
Similar with SIB11, neighbor list in measurement control signaling includes the PSCs
of the neighbors.
Reporting value
for active set cells
Reporting mode
Measurement Report
Measurement ID
PSC of the
measured cell
Measured Result
When some of the measurement targets achieve the configured threshold, UE will
then trigger a measurement report.
For an event triggered report, the event and the PSC who triggers this event are
the most important information.
In a event triggered report, UE may report the signal of all the measured cells
MAX UE Tx POWER
OVSF code of
the new RL
After the admission and preparation, RNC configures the OVSF of the
new RL and PSC of the new cell to UE, based on which, UE can then
try to synchronize with the new RL.
In this case, UE takes handover several times, include HSUPA soft handover and HSDPA
hard handover.
HSUPA soft handover is executed by ACTIVESET UPDATE, which does not effect HSDPA
service.
HSDPA handover and HSUPA serving cell change is executed by PHYSICAL CHANNEL
RECONFIGURATION , By reading the information elements DL information per RL list", we
can know the handover information of HSPA.
Question : May HSDPA serving cell be different from HSUPA serving cell?
Although
not necessary,
butofit Huawei.
is typical No
thatSpreading
HSDPA and
HSUPA
serving cells are the same.
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Information
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Permission
Question : May HSDPA serving cell be different from HSUPA serving cell
From signaling, we can see the serving cell for HSDPA and HSUPA could be
different. But Huaweis algorithm keeps them identical.
In compressed mode, RNC send both MEASUREMENT CONTROL for inter-freq and
inter-RAT measurement.
2D Measurement
report
Start the
compressed
mode
Questions
Is it necessary for the RNC to configure 2D with Ec/No and RSCP separately?
What is the benefit from this?
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If 2F
is trigged
during the
compressed
mode,Without
what will
happen then?
Measurement quantity
2D parameters
2F parameters
2F report is used to terminate compressed mode. RNC ignores this report in case
of non-compressed mode.
UE triggers event 2D after the measured signal of current carrier is lower than the
threshold;
Configuration of
compressed slots
Measurement value
Compressed mode is
achieved by SF/2
In compressed mode, some slots are compressed to measure the inter-freq and
Inter-RAT neighbors. For GSM neighbor, measurement value can be RSSI and
BSIC, for WCDMA neighbors, measurement value can be Ec/No and RSCP.
Compressed mode can be achieved by SF/2 or high layer scheduling. For low
rate DCH, RNC configures SF/2; For high rate DCH, high layer scheduling is
used to achieve the compressed mode.
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Inter-freq and
Inter-RAT
measurement
configuration
UE reports
Handover
execution
Reconfigure the
Measurement in new
cell
Filtering coefficient
Value to evaluate
the cell signal
Reporting value
0.5ms interval
Periodical report
Inter-RAT neighbors
Measurement value
Reporting value
1s interval
Periodical report
FCN of the
neighbor
Measurement result
Neighbor cell
BSIC
UE max Tx power
UL physical channel configuration
DL physical channel
configuration
Compressed mode
Configuration
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In this case, RNC configures both inter-freq and inter-RAT measurement to UE,
but why UE handover to inter-freq cell at last?
Because the inter-freq neighbor satisfied the inter-freq handover
threshold firstly, so RNC made the decision to handover the UE to interfreq neighbor.
What are the functions of the Measurements control singalings after the
handover?
RNC executes the relocation(inter-RAT handover) after a GSM neighbor signal satisfies the interRAT handover threshold.