,s :t.

rn

, frE^. &-rE+'e]F

q {8, k,x /v d,a:tg+&L'

L,

-rfrffiwi+ztn

ifEl-

E-yj+yniE

DD

^,*ffi.ffi@tr

drEE, E,

^,

+l'fi,i(' E, # L,

+t#, k, +
tri

{s,

it(

tr, k. +

H,

_rfrffi+H

=WB\+k

Ei_"\E

)XiF

-)

..................

..

-lts

(-r'.........'........

H=ffi

(=)

#trtR
E

E.\g

f4nLlft

a+?

............

....................

................... ...........6

......'..................."'.............................I2

......... ..".................... .................I8

1&n ? ......... ...................................-.-.................24

l friH ? (r) +E,^tHtit...............,................,..30

H

i.R

t:L4!

Ht;R

Ag

)12 ...."

H/\)4

-**,_

.. ................................................................32

...........'.................................... ...'.40

.................................................,............. 47

+..8

8Aftt F?"""""":""'.............'..54

H+X

tbffi7.

{ $iH

............. .'.................62

? (2) &)E+fr!&+................................

.6e

H+-X

riEiI tr .,...............,'..........................................70

s-1- -:E

6+1+7 nE? . .................... ....................................80

tn*R Glgfr ....'........... .........................................88

s+=iR
H+roffi

ffi+5;F

txx lEA#? ...........'""........................................e6

................104
-+ E*,J.fi&2
(3)
......
{fr1[iH

H+&r*

iFtE-,,

y.'tTtz

-t--r-:E

s+i \tx
g-J-+:s

ftffi
ry,EF..)

Ffigl&itH4t1m1t...........

...III

lEEr........... .. ...............".. ......".....122

tfttlHt#8, if rs? .......... ..................... 32
1

ffEe............. ......,.................................r40

'l

ELEMENTA

H=+iF
g--L_,\rE

H-+:in
H-+=$F
-

-+ rmlg

s--]-rla

SPOKEN CHINESE

inLdgiEi6+ EW.Rffi 6!*IEIiE. e UIt.!f

?8, tl4lEB9rr,.ftHifrI*{FriE**4ffi "

iEgttrlEg, l:.1Iti'i'H,#{S

The common language of the Han nationality in the People's Republic of China is
Mandarin Chinese. Beijing phonetics

axe

regaded as the standard pronunciation and the basic

dialect is the dialect of the northern part of the country. The standard modem Chinese writter
works become grammar examples.

EeiFtr, -ffireii,, -^n+-+g'15" {riFB9$f4iElt&ffiS, ..&6

FS. ffiAfflFffirEfr. F4ag.$dittJ<, *A21^" F4EEAI*FTIffi, n
ar-+Br4. F$!&fi SS!& -4 " *iE iF +Ft*J EtH{ft l+p+BEEfl Hr, &iE#g
AfieBgt4/EBrffid " - ,''" Efiffi**zrFiE.
Gerrelally speaking, a sing,le chincse character is equal to a syllable. The stluctule of

an "initial" and a "final"

with a tone. An "initial" is the first part of a syllable and thsre are 2l in total, Following
the "initial" is the "final" , which can be classified into three types: the simple final,
a Chinese syllable is quite simple, usually being composed

of

compound final and final with a nasal ending. Tones can distinguish meanings in Mandarin
Chinese. The Chinese phonetic alphabet have four tone
placed on the major vowels of

7n

the "final"

Pr '

q,

,Sh

marks,

"

, which are

ELEMENTARY SPOKEN CHINESE

-/v\

FWzTHK;

Fififili,EfiiE$-ffffit4n$t, nF/+-ftX,.o

oe

iu ij,,.

Tone marks are marked on the main vowels of the syllable, and
tfte order normally as

iui.i".

d6dd

666d

666d

iiii

0[ut

6-: !'
la\

iel

Ldpl

i#l
L:i

b6

00il

,.

oo

H-fi

bo

bo

bu

po

po

PU

mo

mo

mu

lo

lo

fu

do

t
n

no

lo

go

ka

h0

;n

iFtfrE

dl

du

ll

IU

nl

.nu

nu

lu

ju

qi

qu

zo

ze

co

ce

so

se

si

zh

zho

zne

znl

zh!

ch

cho

cnl

chu

sh

sho

sne

shl

shu

re

rl

ru

zl

z\)

Icg
,

sLl

(-)

ELEMENTARY SPOKEN CHINESE

i4TEfi1:*S

(-)

w6

(.:)

bi

Read the following syllables

(1\.)

nI

(4,t)

()

ch6

$"
shD

t6 (.t&)

(4)

(6)

(a)
'snu (d).
snl
.

$r

(Al)

h6

()

(r4)

zhu

k0 ( 9t)

nU

.ji

bd

(4f

(J.

chi (pa)

m6

(4)

cho

(4)

trri*rm*fi, flimlii*
! First
read the following syllables aloud, then distinguish the syllables
(-) md md md md

l0 16 ru

rD

la

f6 fd

fd

qr qr

ql

I
I

H-+n ;lmAiE (-)

(:)

l.

a;ti'x
dd

ld(

li

n0

lnil

2,c

a--.
.-;'\
zo zno

zhr

4.[,t

str*ct

4En!

ch

chd

]cf

Lc0l

chrj

d1

huxr ( *'i. )

sli ( sJir)
Itisd ( 46 )

4ti4+!

ru

]cd chl

Listen and read

4++Tl

ld

F"-3

I
zd znd
I
zr zhI
I

chizUch6 (

Fl,l
nI

zh

qiche ( i{.4

f6
]m6
mu tu
tu
f0
Imu t0

[,85i*

tdurlLJ
2. n

(=) 1.m I
r---: fdro.imo
lo

lzi

td

l" t6.'

(E) I. z

3.

*fi4

nji ( s.rL )

dddT

(*rii)

fs6 (x&)

dishu

nUti

*z

piru ( Ax*.

lzne \ aLa

.r

v' Mndor

ziji ( 6 e)

How are

Xidxiel

Thanks!

Zdijidnl

Goodbyel

Du)buqll

Sony/Ex{use me!

B0 kdqil

Not at alll

'ou!

(*S
t

r
F'

on

ton

uon

ln

qng

Uon
UN

eng

ueng

ong,

SEifi4'.H

er t er;

ft,fi AiB.FTffiF4, btrfl

":

The syllables consisting of er [er] do not have an

two). JL (6r, son). 4 (6r, ear)', andsoon.

'tyiffE4q4Ffrat

WrnL#EAtFffi fr,

"

(dr),

"initial"

(6r). B (6r) " 4F.

,, : (ilr,
, for exampte:
JL

)LiLffi-, tn,

Reftoflex-the rolling of the tongue can be used to pronounce

some syllables in Chinese.
For example:

xidohdir
,tL play )

(,l.tirL kd).

yididnr

-dtL

little

) , t6ur()fJLleader), w6nr(rA

llrl

f.il

xiFlf E

iti
Sili

1$i

p.

i,
s,

@y//

3
e.

e.

r
s

I
F

E.

a.

6 !

g d

t I

6 E g

d d

II

s $

o-

I
I
I

liii

llri

li'
$

s
ir

p +

lr.

"j

,:l

5 5

4.

3 g
$
ii I s 8
.:

a
a E

q c 3

,F

,j'

;
3

9-

ill'
E

I aI

g
3

p.
,B

e E

3.

il
ri
{.,

li'

il
l!:

g
.

rLil

a
q

;,
3

_3

3 as

tll

I,

I I I

a'

l1;'

il'

d
E

l"r
't;:

E:

,/fig

ilil

g:

ii
l:i

r.it

L
e.

d
s

3 c

E
E

2 g

1.

ri

=F'

E_

i
.t:

i:

I
a

rl

t:
fll
di

tt

{.1

il

ii,
It1

EIUIFEiGI , /.'

ELEMENTARy spoKEN cHTNESE

ii
Exercises

rii
I

! i*lma.:et Read ihe following sy abtes

bdi (E
r6n

f6i (-()
IAna (irt)

(A)

l6ng (,+

h6ng'"(,!

nl[ (f)

(5)

fdn (ff,)

d6u (*F)

( .{S )

.jid ( a)
jln (!t )

nido (!l)

xi

lidns

qlng (-it)

qi6ng ( f'

shul

( zK )

sudn

(&)

kin (6)

chu6ng (,4. )

xu6

(*)

xudn

jun (F)

A. /-l

( ffi )

shudl ( /f

qt) (*)

mdo

txei*r-mm*fi,

'6

qi6n
hud

( 4{, )

(it

zud

(4)

r*trri+H

First read the following syllables aloud, then distinguish the syllables

(-) cdi c6i cdi cdi

sh6u sh6u sh6u shdu
jido ji6o jido jido
tdng t6ng tdng tdng
gud gu6 gu6 gud
xud xu6 xu6 xud
(I) l. oo,/ ou
2. ot / el..
3. B /

(a)

1.

on

ong

2.

en

ue

m di

xue

pd I

ju6

h6 I

qu6

tel

tud

eng

3.

ln ,/ ing

4. iong

,/ long

son

song

fdn

l6n

l6ng

ch6n ch6ng

min ming

qi6ng qi6ne

mdn

mdng

bEn bdng

iln

irns

iidns

bdn

bdng

hdn

bin

bing

f6ng

hdng

xTn

xrng

xiong

xi6nl

jiSng

fr:x tE#F (-)

ddxu6

jiddn ( 4&

shit6ns

pi)iu ( 'giE

Af

xidngjido

shulgtr6 ( ,FX

*.*

6fi

xYzdo ( 4R

lonqt

wffi
shdnSdidn ( 6E

^'1"

-'-)ll
,0

/.

0;

t
i6nqi[ ( fir*

ni(ndi ( +4ri

ns (4t4i

ch0zuph6 (

ndini0 ( 4't*

*tE+

E
I

ff

ELEMENTARY SPOKEN CHINESE

(&6)

midnbdo

F'
I

tido

wU ( th#

hDzhdo ( #ts,

Z
I

lri

iiI
nl

gongsdnd

(:)

Sche ( z,}+,i+

hudr ( it,)L

w6

(fr,)l>

gudzhir' ( X.'f

10

.rL )

bdngdngshi ( r+a\E

gdir (.#..rt )

cdiddnr ( *.+rL )

binggDnr ( }F*!?lL )

xidoh6ir ( d.i*rL

kdim6nr

(f il/L)

hudr ( ,4rL )

H:*

xiF#g (-)

Po!!yIslffEffi:[
t'tk:(ft,.

2 9,r1h2
3 +\"tr'Xtt.
4 ti'.6tt,-iA.
5 qAAl .

M6lgudnxi.
Du6shoo qi6n?

How riluoh?

Wd tTng bu d6ng.

I can't catch it.

QYng zdi shu6 yi bidn.

I beg your pardon.

Ny'ingbaile.

I got it.

It doesE't matter,

i
\J

11