Electronic Instruments and Tools (EIT) Practical Contents

Termwork : 50Marks
Experiment : 1
Study of Components and Integrated Circuits
Downloading datasheets of different types of Components and ICs, Packages :
Diodes:
1. Rectifier Diodes : 1N4007
2. High Frequency Diodes : 1N4148
3. Zener Diode : 3.3V
4. Varactor Diode
5. LED
Transistors:
1. Small Signal Low Power Transistor : BJT BC547 / BC548 (Q Point and H Parameters)
2. Small Signal High Power Transistor : BD139, TIP 122
3. High Frequency Switching Transistor : 2N2222 (Switching Characteristics)
4. High Frequency Transistors : BF167, BF194
5. RF Transistors and High Power Transistors
FET:
1. JFET Low Power : BFW10/11, BF245A
2. MOSFET: IRF 840
IC Packages:
DIP, QFP (Quad Flat Package), SMD most widely used 3 Packages.
Important Electrical Characteristics and application area of each component mentioned above.
Experiment : 2
Study of Digital Multimeter (DMM)
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9.

AC Voltage Measurement : Line-Nutral, Line-Earthing, Earthing-Nutral

DC Voltage Measurement : Vary the DC Power Supply.
AC Current Measurement : Using Variable Dimmerstat.
DC Current Measurement : LED Current Measurement.
All types of resistors (MFR, CFR, Variable and Fixed) to be tested & measured.
Color code Measurement of resistor and wattage measurement on DMM.
To explain Resolution concept of DMM, measurement on 3 , 4 and 6 digit DMM.
Measurement and comparison of hfe BJT BC547/BC548
Testing of BJT, Diodes, FET : Forward / Reverse Biased, faulty conditions, Open and Short
Circuit conditions.
10. For FET, Both VGS and VGD should be same. If there is voltage difference in VGS and VGD then
FET is Faulty.
11. Find the transistor types : NPN or PNP.
12. Frequency Measurement with DMM, Limitation with DMM
13. Voltage measurement at maximum operating frequency : rms, true rms and peak to peak
voltages
14. AC Milivoltmeter

Experiment : 3
Study of transformers
1. Study of transformer and inductor
2. Using LCRQ meter : Measurement of L & Q
a. Low Power Inductor : color code based
b. High frequency coils : RF inductor or SMPS Coil, Tube Choke, Electronic Choke
3. Transformers
a. Audio Transformer : List audio transformers - Class A, B, C
b. List Step Down Power Transformers
c. Pulse Transformers
Measurement on LCR-Q Meter
d. L & Q of the Inductor Note the reading
e. Measure L & R of different winding of Transformer
4. Transformer resistance test, As current handling capacity increases, gauge factor increases.
5. Transformer Secondary voltage measurement.
6. Find applications on the internet.
Experiment : 4
Study of laboratory Instruments
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5.

Write Specifications of Function generator / Signal Generator

Front Panel Explanation
Difference between Function Generator / Signal Generator
Vary Amplitude and Frequency and measure
Select particular frequency and amplitude of given waveform and measure Amplitude &
Frequency on C.R.O.
6. Explanation of DC Dual power Supply for tracking and Independent mode of Operation
7. Current (CC) and Voltage (CV) Limit setting
Experiment : 5
Study of Digital Storage oscilloscope (DSO)
1.
2.
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4.

Study of various controls on DSO front panel

Analog and digital Storage oscilloscope difference
Measurement of voltage, frequency & time period. Phase measurement using XY mode.
Storing, charging & discharging waveforms of RC circuits using DSO. Measure rise and fall
time.
5. Store signals at different trace locations & retrieve it.
6. Find out Propagation delay of a logic gate.
7. Connect function generator output to DSO & observe different waveform at different
frequency.

Experiment : 6
Study of Frequency Counter
1. Measurement of frequency, time period, frequency ratio & external counter (Totalizer)
2. Connect frequency generator to frequency counter. Set frequency of generator to 100Hz,
1KHz, 10KHz, 100KHz, MHz & measure frequency and time period.
3. Connect two frequency sources A & B to frequency counter & measure ratio of them.
4. Check function of timer & counter using start & stop control of frequency counter.
Experiment : 7
PCB Design
1. Study of types of PCBs: Single sided, Double sided, Multilayer, Flexible - specifications and
applications of each type. Download Specifications.
2. General PCB Design Considerations or Rules for PCB Designing.
3. Soldering and Desoldering Practice on general purpose PCB (Actual PCB Design)
4. Breadboard wiring Build & Test given circuit on breadboard
Project Assignment- Project circuit can be
1. Burglar Alarm
2. Running Light using LED
3. Water Level Controller
Assignment of Termwork:
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4.

Observation table and Conclusion on each unit.

Search assignment ask five questions rating, specifications and features
PCB Design Performance of PCB
Continuous Assessment

Reference Books:
1. Walter C. Bosschart, Printed Circuit Boards Design & Technology, TMH.
2. RS catalogue for components
3. Dr. Madhuri A. Joshi, Electronic Components & Materials, Shroff publishers &
distributors
4. Operation Manuals of Instruments
5. Paul Horowitz, The Art of Electronics, Winfield Hall, Cambridge