Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
G.A.N Obligado
ABSTRACT
Purification of benzoic acid from a mixture containing benzoic acid,
sodium chloride and congo red was performed by crystallization. The addition
of charcoal and the techniques utilized such as heating, stirring and cooling
aided the steps on the way to crystallization which are the following:
elimination of impurities, nucleus formation and promoting the growth of
crystals. The color of the filtrate, the color, size and shape of the crystals
formed were observed as well as the appearance of the dissolved purified
crystals after adding the nitric acid and the silver nitrate. The recovery
percentage was 48.3% .
INTRODUCTION
Purification
of
organic
compounds
is
performed
to
eliminate impurities. Impure liquid
is usually purified by distillation
while impure solid can be purified
through
crystallization.
Crystallization is a technique which
involves
the
following
steps:
removal of impurities, nucleus
formation, and encouragement of
growth of crystals.
In case of colored impurities,
adsorption
by
the
use
of
decolorizing carbon is usually
employed. A common way to
remove impurities is to dissolve the
organic compound in a heated
mixture of solvent and adsorbent.
The solvent must not react with the
solute, can dissolve the solute
readily at a raised temperature but
cautiously at a lower temperature
and
suitably
volatile.
Excess
amount of decolorizing carbon can
be a cause of loses for the reason
METHODOLOGY
One gram each of benzoic
acid, sodium chloride and congo
red were weighed and combined in
a 150-ml beaker. Few amounts of
the mixture were used as sample.
In that case, 50 ml of distilled
water was added in the sample and
was heated. When the benzoic acid
dissolved, 0.5 gram of charcoal was
put. Stirring was continuously done
during the heating. The solution
was filtered right after it boiled.
Equal amounts of the hot filtrate
were collected separately in two
test tubes. One test tube was
Percent Recovery =
Amount of solid recovered
100
Amount of solid
Percent Recovery =
1.4 g
100
3.0 g
REFERENCES
1) Skoog, D.A.; West, D.M;
Holler, F.J.; Crouch, S.R.;
Chen, S.C.; Introduction to
Analytical Chemistry, Eighth
Edition; Cengage Learning
Asia Pte Ltd: Singapore.