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24. Huraikan berserta definasi dan contoh-contoh apakah kebaikan penggunaan

sistem perolehan pembinaan tradisional?
Explain with definition and examples what are the advantages in using traditional
construction procurement system?

DEFINITION OF TRADITIONAL PROCUREMENT SYSTEM

Procurement describes the merging of activities undertaken by the client to
obtain a building. This process was categorized into eight elements such as initiation,
finding, design, statuary approval, tendering, construction, maintenance and demolition.
Traditional procurement system is the most common method of construction
procurement and is well established and recognized. In this arrangement, the design
has to be done before the tender obtained and the contractor appointed. The architect
or engineer acts as the project coordinator. His or her role is to design the works,
prepare the specifications and produce construction drawings, administer the
contract, tender the works, and manage the works from inception to completion. There
are direct contractual links between the architect's client and the main contractor. Any
subcontractor will have a direct contractual relationship with the main contractor.

EXPLANATION ( ADVANTAGES OF THE SYSTEM )

The main advantages of using a traditional approach to procurement are:

Accountability due to a competitive selection;

The procedure is easy to understand;
Competitive equity as all tendering contractors bid on the same basis;
Design lead and the client is able to have a direct influence which can facilitate a
high level of functionality and improve the quality in the overall design;
Price certainty at the award of the contract;
Variations (changes) to the contract are relatively easy to arrange and manage;
and
A tried and test method of procurement which the market is very familiar with.

CONTRACT & ESTIMATION | 2014

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EXAMPLE
In the traditional approach, the employer accepts that design work will generally
separate from construction, consultants are appointed for design and cost control, and
the contractor is responsible for carrying out the works. This responsibility extends to all
workmanship and materials, and includes all work by subcontractors and suppliers. The
contractor is usually appointed by competitive tendering on complete information, but
may if necessary be appointed earlier by negotiation on the basis of partial or notional
information.
Based on Jabatan Kerja Raya (JKR), they defined traditional construction
procurement system is based on a design provided by the agency or consultant
appointed by the agency. Contractor is only responsible for the construction and
completion of the project based on the design. Project supervision is also done by the
agency itself or consultants appointed. There were many examples of this system used
in Malaysia such as Agreement and Conditions of Pertubuhan Arkitek Malaysia Contract
2006 (with Quantities), CIDB Standard Form of Contract for Building Works 2000
Edition, and Standard Form of Contract to be used for Contract where Drawings and
Specifications form part of the Contract PWD 203 (Rev. 2007) published by JKR.

CONTRACT & ESTIMATION | 2014