HSE/LS-05: Lab Ventilation

and Fume hood Training

A part of 30Hrs Lab Safety Training

HSE Department
The Petroleum Institute

HSE/LS-05: Lab Ventilation and Fume hood Training

Slide 1

The Petroleum Institute

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30-hr Lab Safety Training

HSE/LS-05: Lab Ventilation and Fume hood Training

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Slide 2

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Outline the importance and specifics of laboratory
ventilation
Discuss usage and functions of fume hoods
Explain the features various types of fume hoods
Apply safe work practice while using fume hoods

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Slide 3

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HSE/LS-05: Lab Ventilation and Fume hood Training

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Slide 4

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Laboratory ventilation is the single most
important factor used to protect people from
airborne hazards. Ventilation systems can be
separated into two categories:
Room ventilation (general ventilation)
Local ventilation

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Slide 5

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Laboratory room ventilation is comprised of an
air supply and an exhaust system. The supply
system introduces clean air into the room and
the exhaust removes contaminated air.

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Laboratory
Supply Air

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Return Air

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Slide 6

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Based on the volume of space in a laboratory
and the volume of air exhausted, an exchange
rate can be determined. This exchange rate is
expressed as air exchanges per hour
(ACH/hr).

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Slide 7

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The higher the exchange rate, the faster airborne

contaminates are exhausted or eliminated.

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Air exchange rates for laboratories range from 6 to 12

per hour based on chemical use.

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98.4% of the air will be exchanged by fresh air within
one hour.

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Slide 8

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Laboratories should exhaust air at a

higher rate than supplied so that the
room is under negative pressure to
surrounding rooms and corridors.

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Negative pressure prevents air from

migrating from the laboratory into
adjacent areas.
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HSE/LS-05: Lab Ventilation and Fume hood Training

Slide 9

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Most laboratory ventilation systems are
designed to function with doors and windows
closed. Therefore, laboratory doors should
not be propped open and windows should
remain shut.

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Slide 10

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Slide 11

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Local exhaust ventilation systems capture or
contain contaminates at their source.

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These contaminates are typically exhausted

through a roof stack.

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HSE/LS-05: Lab Ventilation and Fume hood Training

Slide 12

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Chemical fume hood

Slotted hood
Canopy hood
Snorkel
Glove box

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Slide 13

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Used to capture less toxic vapors and gases used
on a counter top. Air is drawn across the work
surface and exhausted through the slots.

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The biggest drawback is that the capture area is

limited, typically within 24 inches of the slots.

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Slide 14

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Used to capture less toxic vapors and gases
that are heated and rise. The canopy is located
over the source of emission.

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The biggest drawback is that the canopy does

not capture contaminates unless they rise into
the hood.

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Slide 15

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Captures less toxic substances located next to the
intake. The main benefit is that it can be moved or
located as needed.

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The biggest drawback is that the capture area is

small, typically within 24 inches of the intake
opening.

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Slide 16

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- isolates and exhausts highly toxic
materials. The box maintains negative
pressure to prevent migration of
contaminates.

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The biggest drawback is that the work

area is small and the manipulation of
materials can be difficult.

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Slide 17

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Slide 18

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The primary safety system used to protect the
laboratory worker from exposure to chemical vapors,
fumes and toxic gases.

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It also provides some protection to the laboratory

worker from fires and explosions.

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Slide 19

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Flow Sensor
Face
Sash

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Gas Connections

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Safety Glass

Baffles

Airfoil

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Slide 20

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Slide 21

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Conventional Fume Hood

Bypass Fume Hood

Auxiliary Air Fume Hood

Walk in Hood

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Slide 22

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All air enters through the hood openings from the
bottom of the sash, the sides of the hood and the work
surface. The lower the sash or smaller the opening,
the higher the face velocity.

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Slide 23

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As the sash is closed, some air enters through a bypass grille
instead of through the sash opening. This helps maintain a constant
face velocity. The bypass is usually located above the sash.

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Slide 24

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This hood is similar to a conventional hood with
the exception that a portion of the make-up air
is provided by a separate air duct or canopy
located directly above the fume hood.

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Slide 25

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A fume hood that functions properly will meet the following
criteria:
The face velocity will average 0.4-0.8 meter per second
with the sash open 18 inches

Air flow will flow evenly across the work surface

The hood will be structurally sound with no cracks in the
safety glass
Sashes will slide properly, no parts will be missing and
baffles will be open

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Slide 26

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BMM and HSE evaluate fume hoods on an annual
basis. Stickers that indicate the most recent
evaluation date are located on the sash.
If you suspect your fume hood is not working
properly, cease operations in the hood and call BMM
or raise a Help desk request

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HSE/LS-05: Lab Ventilation and Fume hood Training

Slide 27

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Slide 28

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1. Mark a line with tape 6 inches behind the sash and keep all chemicals and
equipment behind that line during experiments.
This will help to keep materials from escaping the hood when disturbances like air
currents from people walking past the hood, etc., interfere with airflow at the face
of the hood.

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Bad placement of materials

Good placement of materials

Best placement of materials

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Slide 29

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2. Provide catch basins for containers that could break or spill, to
minimize the spread of spilled liquids.

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3. Keep the sash completely lowered any time an experiment is in

progress and the hood is unattended.
Note: Lowering the sash not only provides additional personal
protection, but it also results in significant energy conservation.
4. Never use a hood to control exposure to hazardous substances
without first verifying that it is operating properly.

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Slide 30

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5. Everyday, check flow indicators to make sure the fume hood is
functioning properly
6. If you have an older hood that has not been upgraded with a flow

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indicator, hang tissue paper from the sash and observe the direction

and strength of flow

7. Contact or raise a Help Desk, if the hood is not functioning properly

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8. Know the physical, chemical and toxicological properties of all

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chemicals you use

9. Conduct all operations that generate contaminates at or above OSHA
exposure limits inside the fume hood

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Slide 31

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10.

Visually inspect the baffles (openings at the top and rear of the hood) to be
sure that the slots are open and unobstructed. For optimum performance,

adjust the baffles when working with high temperature equipment and/or

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heavy gases or vapors. See figure below for suggested baffle positions.

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Normal baffle position
- all open.

Slot position for high temperature

equipment, such as hot
plates. Lower slot is minimized
since heated vapors tend to rise.

Slot position for heavy

gases and vapors. Upper
slot is minimized.

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Slide 32

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Slide 33

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11. Do not block slots. If large equipment must be placed in the hood, put it
on blocks to raise it approximately 2 inches above the surface so that air
may pass beneath it. See figure below.

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Slide 34

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12. Do not use the fume hood as a chemical waste disposal mechanism
13. Do not store chemicals or apparatus in the fume hood
14. The Fume Hood as a Storage Device
Materials requiring ventilated storage (e.g., volatile and highly toxic, or
odorous substances) may be stored in a hood if they are properly segregated
and the hood is posted to prohibit its use for experimental work. (if the
hoods not in active use)

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Storage of materials should be eliminated altogether. (if the hoods are

actively in use for experimentation)

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Slide 35

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15. Keep the sash at the lowest possible
position and use the sash as a

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shield
16. Keep the slots in the hood baffle
free from obstruction

17. Keep laboratory doors closed,

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except when lab design requires the

doors to be open

18. Do not place your head or any

unprotected part of your body inside

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the hood when contaminates are

present / generated
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Slide 36

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19.Minimize foot traffic and rapid movement
past the face of the fume hood (to prevent air

turbulence)

19.Do not remove the sash or safety glass except

when necessary for apparatus set- up. Replace

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the sash and safety glass before use

20.Do not use a fume hood with a damaged

sash or

cracked safety glass

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Slide 37

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22. Label the fume hood if the sash is to remain
closed for an operation

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23. Keep the fume hood clean and free of debris

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Slide 38

Conclusion

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlAaEpWQdwA

In this presentation we have:

Covered the importance and specifics of laboratory ventilation

Discussed usage and functions of fume hoods
Explained the features various types of fume hoods
Outlined safe work practice while using fume hoods

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HSE/LS-05: Fume hood Training Handout

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HSE/LS-05: Lab Ventilation and Fume hood Training

Slide 39

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Presentation by:
Team HSE
The Petroleum Institute

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