In the figure, the base of pyramid VABCD is a square.

Find the volume of the

pyramid.

##
Volume of the pyramid

1
3 2 4 cm 3
3
12 cm 3

=============================================================
In the figure, the volume of pyramid VABCD with a rectangular base is 60 cm3. If AB
= 6 cm and the height of the pyramid is 8 cm, find BC.

##
1
(6 BC ) 8 cm 3
3
BC 3.75 cm

60 cm 3

=============================================================
The figure shows a right pyramid VABCD with a rectangular base. The lengths of AB,
BC and the slant edge VC are 8 cm, 6 cm and 89 cm respectively. Find
(a) the height of the pyramid,
(b) the volume of the pyramid.

##
(a) Consider right-angled triangle ABC.

AC2 = AB2 + BC2 (Pyth. theorem)

AC 8 2 6 2 cm
10 cm

1
AC
2
5 cm

OC

Consider right-angled triangle VOC.

VO2 + OC2 = VC2 (Pyth. theorem)

VO

( 89 ) 2 5 2 cm

64 cm
8 cm

The height of the pyramid is 8 cm.

(b) Volume of the pyramid

1
(8 6) 8 cm 3
3
128 cm 3

=============================================================

The figure shows a frustum ABCDHEFG. The upper base and the lower base of the
frustum are square of sides 10 cm and 8 cm respectively. If the height of pyramid
VABCD is 24 cm and the volume of the frustum is equal to the volume of pyramid
VEFGH, find
(a) the volume of the frustum,
(b) the height of the frustum.

##
1
volume of pyramid VABCD
2
(a) Volume of the frustum 1 1

10 2 24 cm 3
2 3

400 cm 3

(b) Let h cm be the height of pyramid VEFGH.

1 2
8 h 400
3
h 18.75

Height of the frustum

( 24 h) cm
5.25 cm

=============================================================
In the figure, VABCD is a right pyramid with a rectangular base ABCD. Given that AB
= 12 cm, BC = 6 cm and VE = 8 cm, find
(a) the slant edge VB,
(b) the area of VBC,
(c) the total surface area of pyramid VABCD.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)

##
(a) Consider right-angled triangle VEB.

VB 2 VE 2 EB 2

(Pyth. theorem)

VB 8 2 6 2 cm
10 cm

(b) Consider right-angled triangle VBF.

VF 2 FB 2 VB 2
VF

(Pyth. theorem)

10 3 2 cm
2

91 cm

1
BC VF
2
Area of VBC 1 6 91 cm 2
2
3 91 cm 2

28.6 cm 2

(c) VAB VCD (SSS)

and VBC VDA (SSS)

(cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

2
Total area of lateral faces 2 2 12 8 3 91 cm
1

(96 6 91) cm 2

Total surface area of pyramid VABCD

= total area of lateral faces + base area
[(96 6 91) 12 6] cm 2
225 cm 2 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

=============================================================
In the figure, the base diameter and the height of the right circular cone are 14 cm and
6 cm respectively. Find the volume of the cone in terms of .

##
Volume of the cone

1
14

3
2
98 cm 3

6 cm 3

=============================================================
The height and the slant height of the right circular cone in the figure are 7 cm and 8
cm respectively. Find
(a) the base radius of the cone,
(b) the volume of the cone in terms of .
(Give your answers in surd form if necessary.)

##
(a) With the notations in the figure,

VO 2 OA 2 VA 2
OA 8 2 7 2 cm

(Pyth. theorem)

15 cm

The base radius of the cone is

15

cm.

2
3
(b) Volume of the cone 3 ( 15 ) 7 cm

35 cm 3

=============================================================
The figure shows a cup in the form of an inverted right circular cone of base radius 6
cm and height 12 cm. How many cups of water are needed to completely fill up a
cylindrical container of base radius 12 cm and height 20 cm?

##
Let n be the required number of cups of water.
1

6 2 12 12 2 20
3

n 20

The required number of cups of water is 20.

=============================================================
The figure shows a frustum ABCD of a right circular cone. The radius of the upper
base is 5 cm, MN = 9 cm and NV = 6 cm.

(a) Find the radius of the lower base of the frustum.

(b) Find the volume of cone VAD.
(c) Find the volume of the frustum.
(Give your answers in terms of if necessary.)
##
(a) Consider the figure as shown.

VAN ~ VBM (AAA)

NA

MB
NA

5 cm
NA

VN
VM
6 cm
(6 9) cm
2 cm

The radius of the lower base of the frustum is 2 cm.

1

2
3
(b) Volume of cone VAD 3 2 6 cm

8 cm 3

2
3
(c) Volume of cone VBM 3 5 (6 9) cm
125 cm 3
Volume of the frustum
= volume of cone VBM volume of cone VAD

 (125 8 ) cm 3
117 cm 3

=============================================================
In the figure, the base diameter and the slant height of the right circular cone are 16
cm and 10 cm respectively. Find the total surface area of the cone in terms of .

##
16

2
Curved surface area of the cone 2 10 cm
80 cm 2
2

16
2
Base area of the cone 2 cm
64 cm 2

Total surface area of the cone = curved surface area + base area
(80 64 ) cm 2
144 cm 2

=============================================================
In the figure, the radius and the slant height of the right circular cone are 7 cm and
274 cm respectively.

(a) Find the curved surface area of the cone correct to 3 significant figures.
(b) Find the volume of the cone correct to 3 significant figures.
##
(a) Curved surface area of the cone

274 cm 2

364 cm 2 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

(b) Let h cm be the height of the cone.

( 274 ) 2 7 2

15

Volume of the cone

1
7 2 15 cm 3
3
770 cm 3 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

=============================================================
In the figure, sector VAB with radius 12 cm is folded to form a right circular cone by
joining VA and VB.

(a) Find the curved surface area of the cone in terms of .

(b) Find the base radius of the cone.
(c) Find the volume of the cone correct to 3 significant figures.
##
(a) Curved surface area of the cone
240
12 2 cm 2
360
96 cm 2

(b) Let r cm be the base radius of the cone.

240
2 12
360
r 8

2 r

The base radius of the cone is 8 cm.

(c) Consider right-angled triangle VOA.

VO 2 OA 2 VA 2
VO

(Pyth. theorem)

12 8 2 cm
2

80 cm

2
3
Volume of the cone 3 8 80 cm

599 cm 3

(cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

=============================================================
The radius of a hemisphere is 9 cm. Find the volume of the hemisphere in terms of .
##
Volume of the hemisphere
1 4
9 3 cm 3
2 3
486 cm 3

=============================================================

The figure shows a solid metal right circular cone of volume

640
cm3. The cone is
3

melted and recast into a solid sphere. Find the radius of the sphere correct to 3
significant figures.

##
Let r cm be the radius of the sphere.

Volume of the sphere

640
cm3
3

4
640
r3
3
3
3
r 160
r 5.43 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

The radius of the sphere is 5.43 cm.

=============================================================
A bullet is composed of a cylinder and a hemisphere as shown in the figure. If the
base radii of the cylinder and the hemisphere are both 3 mm and the length of the
bullet is 25 mm, find the volume of the bullet in terms of .

##
Volume of the bullet
volume of the cylinder volume of the hemisphere
1 4

3 2 (25 3) 33 mm 3
2 3

3
(198 18 ) mm
216 mm 3

=============================================================
A ball of radius 5 cm can just be fitted into a cylindrical can as shown in the figure.
Water is then poured into the cylinder until the cylinder is completely filled up. Find
the depth of the water if the ball is taken out from the cylinder.

##
Volume of the water

 volume of the can volume of the ball

4

5 2 (5 5) 5 3 cm 3
3

250

cm 3
3

Let h cm be the required depth of the water.

250
3
1
h3
3

52 h

1
3

The required depth of the water is 3 cm.

=============================================================
Find the total surface area of a solid hemisphere of radius 14 cm correct to 3
significant figures.
##
Total surface area of the hemisphere
curved surface area area of the flat surface
1

4 14 2 14 2 cm 2
2

1850 cm 2 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

=============================================================
The inner surface area of a hollow sphere is 729 cm2, and the thickness of its solid
part is 1.5 cm.

(a) Find the inner radius of the sphere.

(b) Find the difference between the inner and the outer surface areas of the sphere in
terms of .
##

(a) Let r cm be the inner radius of the sphere.

Inner surface area of the hollow sphere = 729 cm2

4 r 2 729
r 2 182.25
r 13.5

The inner radius of the sphere is 13.5 cm.

(b) The required difference

[ 4 (13.5 1.5) 2 4 13.5 2 ] cm 2
(900 729 ) cm 2
171 cm 2

=============================================================
The figure shows a solid composed of two hemispheres and a cylinder of same radii 6
cm. If the volume of the solid is 612 cm3, find the total surface area of the solid in
terms of .

##
Let h cm be the height of the cylinder.
Volume of the solid = 612 cm3

1 4

6 3 6 2 h 612
2
3

288 36 h 612
h9

Curved surface area of the cylinder

2 6 9 cm 2
108 cm 2

Curved surface area of the hemisphere

1
4 6 2 cm 2
2
72 cm 2

Total surface area of the solid

(108 2 72 ) cm 2
252 cm 2

=============================================================
The sides of two equilateral triangles are in the radio 2 : 5. If the area of the smaller
triangle is 12 cm2, find the area of the larger triangle.
##
length of a side of the larger triangle
Area of the larger triangle

Area of the smaller triangle length of a side of the smaller triangle
Area of the larger triangle 5

12 cm 2
2
Area of the larger triangle 25

4
12 cm 2

25
12 cm 2
4
75 cm 2

Area of the larger triangle

=============================================================
The ratio of the areas of two regular hexagons is 25 : 9. If the length of a side of the
smaller hexagon is 21 cm, find the length of a side of the larger hexagon.
##

Length of a side of the larger hexagon

Length of a side of the smaller hexagon

area of the larger hexagon

area of the smaller hexagon

Length of a side of the larger hexagon

25

21 cm
9
Length of a side of the larger hexagon 5

21 cm
3

5
21 cm
3
35 cm

Length of a side of the larger hexagon

=============================================================
The areas of two similar figures are 125 cm2 and 320 cm2 respectively. If the
perimeter of the smaller figure is 55 cm, find the perimeter of the larger figure.
##

Perimeter of the larger figure

Perimeter
of the smaller figure

320 cm 2
125 cm 2

Perimeter of the larger figure

55 cm

320
125

8
55 cm
5
88 cm

Perimeter of the larger figure

=============================================================
The ratio of the diameters of two spheres is 9 : 16. If the surface area of the smaller
sphere is 40.5 cm2, find the surface area of the larger sphere.
##
Surface area of the larger sphere
16

Surface area of the smaller sphere 9

Surface area of the larger sphere 256

81
40.5 cm 2

256
40.5 cm 2
81
128 cm 2

Surface area of the larger sphere

=============================================================
There are two similar bottles. The heights of the smaller bottle and the larger bottle
are 18 cm and 30 cm respectively. If the capacity of the larger bottle is 1.25 L, find the
capacity of the smaller bottle.
##
Capacity of the smaller bottle 18 cm

Capacity of the larger bottle

30 cm
Capacity of the smaller bottle
27

1.25 L
125

27
1.25 L
125
0.27 L

Capacity of the smaller bottle

=============================================================
Given that when a hemisphere contracts under cooling, its volume decreases by
27.1%. Find the percentage decrease in

(a) the radius of the hemisphere,

(b) the total surface area of the hemisphere.
##
(a) Let r0 and r1 be the original radius and the new radius of the hemisphere
respectively.
New volume = original volume (1 27.1%)
= original volume 0.729

r
New volume
1
Original volume r0

r
0.729 1
r0

r1
0 .9
r0

r1 = 0.9r0 = (1 10%)r0
The percentage decrease in the radius of the hemisphere is 10%.
(b) Let A0 and A1 be the original total surface area and the new total surface area of
the hemisphere respectively.
A1 r1

A0 r0
0.9 2

0.81

A1 = 0.81A0 = (1 19%)A0
The percentage decrease in the total surface area of the hemisphere is 19%.
=============================================================
The volumes of two similar pyramids VABCDEF and VGHIJKL are 512 cm3 and 64
cm3 respectively. The height of pyramid VABCDEF is 36 cm.

(a) Find the distance between the bases ABCDEF and GHIJKL.
(b) Find the ratio of the total surface area of pyramid VGHIJKL to that of pyramid
VABCDEF.
(c) Find the ratio of the volume of pyramid VABCDEF to that of pyramid VGHIJKL.
##
3

(a)

Height of pyramid VGHIJKL

64 cm 3

512 cm 3
Height of pyramid VABCDEF
Height of pyramid VGHIJKL 1

36 cm
2
Height of pyramid VGHIJKL 18 cm

The distance between the bases ABCDEF and GHIJKL

(36 18) cm
18 cm

Total surface area of pyramid VGHIJKL

18 cm

Total surface area of pyramid VABCDEF

36 cm

(b)

2
1

The ratio of the total surface area of pyramid VGHIJKL to that of pyramid
VABCDEF is 1 : 4.

Volume of pyramid VABCDEF

36 cm

Volume of pyramid VGHIJKL

18 cm

(c)

1
8

The ratio of the volume of pyramid VABCDEF to that of pyramid VGHIJKL

is 8 : 1.
=============================================================
In the figure, the base of pyramid VABC is a right-angled triangle. ABCFDE is a
frustum. Given that AC = 6 cm, BC = 9 cm, CF = 5 cm and DF = 4 cm, find
(a) VF,
(b) EF,
(c) the volume of the frustum.

##
(a) VDF ~ VAC

VF DF

VC AC
VF
4 cm

VF 5 cm 6 cm
2
VF (VF 5 cm)
3
VF 10 cm

(b) DEF ~ ABC

EF
DF

BC
AC
EF
4 cm

9 cm
6 cm
EF 6 cm

(c) Volume of the frustum

volume of pyramid VABC volume of pyramid VDEF
1 1

1 1

6 9 (10 5)
4 6 10 cm 3
3
2
3
2

3
95 cm

=============================================================
In the figure, the depth of the water in a cylinder is 4 cm. After a right circular cone of
the same base radius as the cylinder is put into the cylinder, the water level rises to a
level which is equal to the height of the cone. Find the height of the cone.

##
Let r cm and h cm be the base radius and the height of the cone respectively.
1
r2 h r2 4
3
h
h 4
3
h6

r2 h

The height of the cone is 6 cm.

=============================================================
The figure shows a frustum ABCD of a right circular cone. The radii of the upper base
and the lower base are 2 cm and 3 cm respectively, and the height of the frustum is 2
cm.

(a) Find the curved surface area of cone VDC.

(b) Find the curved surface area of cone VAB.

(c) Find the total surface area of the frustum.
(Give your answers in surd form and in terms of .)
##
With the notations in the figure,

(a) VMC ~ VNB (AAA)

VM MC

VN NB
VM
2 cm

VM 2 cm 3 cm
3VM 2VM 4 cm
VM 4 cm

Consider right-angled triangle VMC.

VC 2 VM 2 MC 2
VC

(Pyth. theorem)

4 2 cm
2

20 cm

2 5 cm

Curved surface area of cone VDC

2 2 5 cm 2
4 5 cm 2

(b) VMC ~ VNB (AAA)

VC MC

VB
NB
2 5 cm 2 cm

VB
3 cm
VB 3 5 cm

Curved surface area of cone VAB

(c) Curved surface area of the frustum

3 3 5 cm 2
9 5 cm 2

 (9 5 4 5 ) cm 2
5 5 cm 2
2
2
Upper base area of the frustum 2 cm

4 cm 2

2
2
Lower base area of the frustum 3 cm

9 cm 2

Total surface area of the frustum

( 4 9 5 5 ) cm 2
(13 5 5 ) cm 2

=============================================================
The figure shows a snowman composed of a spherical head and a spherical body. If
the radius of the body is twice that of the head, and the total volume of the snow used
is 4 m3, find the radius of the head of the snowman correct to 3 significant figures.

##
Let r m be the radius of the head of the snowman.
Total volume of the snow used = 4 m3

4 3 4
r (2r ) 3 4
3
3
1
r3
3
r 0.693 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

The radius of the head of the snowman is 0.693 m.

=============================================================
The surface area of a metal solid sphere is 324 cm2.
(a) Find the radius of the sphere.
(b) The sphere is melted and recast into three identical spheres.

(i) Find the radii of the small spheres.

(ii) Find the increase in the total surface area.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
##
(a) Let R cm be the radius of the sphere.
Surface area of the sphere = 324 cm2
4 R 2 324

R 2 81
R9

The radius of the sphere is 9 cm.

(b) (i)

Let r cm be the radius of the small sphere.

4
4
3 r 3 93
3
3
r 3 243
r 6.240 25
6.24 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

The radii of the small spheres are 6.24 cm.

(ii) Increase in the total surface area

(3 4 6.240 25 2 4 9 2 ) cm 2
450 cm 2

(cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

=============================================================

The figure shows a square ABCD. It is given that the area of square AEFG is
BCDGFE.

1
that of
3

(a) Find the ratio of the area of AEFG to that of ABCD.

(b) Find AE : AB.
##
(a) Let A0 and A1 be the areas of AEFG and BCDGFE respectively.

A0

1
A1
3

A0
Area of AEFG

Area of ABCD A0 A1

A0
A0 3 A0

1
4

The ratio of the area of AEFG to that of ABCD is 1 : 4.

2

(b)

1
AE

4
AB
AE 1

AB 2

AE : AB 1 : 2
=============================================================
The figure shows two similar right circular cones VAB and VDC. The volumes of cone
VDC and frustum ABCD are 250 cm3 and 436 cm3 respectively.

(a) Find VC : CB.

(b) Find the ratio of the curved surface area of cone VDC to that of frustum ABCD.
##
(a) Let V0 and V1 be the volumes of cone VDC and frustum ABCD respectively.
VC

VB

V0
250
125

V0 V1 250 436 343

VC
5

VB
7
VC
5

VC CB 7
7VC 5VC 5CB
2VC 5CB
VC 5

CB 2

VC : CB 5 : 2

(b) Let A0 and A1 be the curved surface areas of cone VDC and frustum ABCD
respectively.
Curved surface area of cone VAB = A0 + A1
A0 A1 VB

A0
VC

A1 7

A0 5
A1 49 25

A0
25
A0 25

A1 24

The ratio of the curved surface area of cone VDC to that of frustum ABCD
is 25 : 24.
=============================================================