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Further Calculations
Let us calculate the Knee Point Voltage requirement of CT for differential protection .
The following assumptions are made during such a calculation for stability under worst
external fault .The settings are such that the relay shall not operate for a spill current due to CT
saturation under worst external fault conditions
Consider a case where fault occurs outside the protected zone (i.e-external fault) .
If= Fault Current
RL= Lead Resistance
RCT = CT Secondary resistance
Vs= Voltage across the relay at the time of fault If
Neutral CT
Phase CT
G
If
Vs
Vs = If (RCT + 2RL)
Ifp = 25.295 kA (Primary Fault Current )
RCT = 0.582 ohms RL =0.11ohms ( Considering Length between AMF panel to DG as
15metres )
If = (Ifp*5)/3200
=39.52A
Let us calculate the knee point volatge of the CT under consideration (Class 5P10)
Vk = (VA x ALF ) / CT secondary + (CT secondary x ALF x RCT @ 75deg C)
ALF = 10
VA =15
RCT @75deg C = RCT X 1.15
Vk = (15 x 10) / 5
Conclusion The knee point Voltage Vk of the Class PS CT is much higher than the
voltage across the relay Vs for a worst external fault .Therefore Class 5P10 CT will
suffice as it will not saturate under this condition .