*

AN

ADVENTURE

PHOTOGRAPHY

ILLUSTRATED
BY

"

NEW

THE

PHOTOGRAPHS

ADVENTURERS

"

SCRIBNER'S

1893

THANET

OCTAVE
FROM

CHARLES
YORK

BY

IN

SONS
"

1893,

COPYRIGHT,

BY

SONS

SCRIBNER'S

CHARLES

Press
Astor

of

J.

Place,

J.

Little
New

"
York

Co.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER

1
PAGE

How

Showing

Meant

we

Well,

CHAPTER

The

Composition
Glass

of

Double

II

Picture

it

How

and

or,

Our

Ground-

Us

Undid

.18

!
.

CHAPTER

Makeshift

III

Studio,

35

......

CHAPTER

The

Negative,
The

Its

Mark

Photographic

Sky,

Light

Development,

Films,

the

the

Various

Limitations

of

IV

Long
Can

Chapter, including
we

Save

Orthochromatic
Plates

the

and

Instantaneous

It?

White

Plates,

Developers,

and

Shutter,
.

44

Contents

CHAPTER

PAG"

:
Printing

With

TruthfulAccount

of

of Different
Papers ; Also,
in
with

the

the Blue

Paper

and

Our

meanors
the Misdecation
Edu-

Our

Wrestle
88

Aristotype,
CHAPTER.

VI

Printingby 'Development;

How

we

"Brilliant Bromide

How

the

and

Conquered the
PeacefulPla-

tinotypeConquered Us,

CHAPTER.

121

VII

Interiors,

138

CHAPTER

Vlll

Portraits; a Confession,

CHAPTER

Tricks,

IX

158

CHAPTER
To

745

Amateurs

Only,

...

viii

772

LIST

OF

ILLUSTRATIONS

Frontispiece

"Lamed,"
The

Title

Gateway,

......

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24
26

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List of Illustrations

28

"Jane's Flightof Fancy,"

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A

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38

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138
142

List

of

Illustrations

FACING

How

the

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148

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AN

IN

ADVENTURE

PHOTOGRAPHY

CHAPTER

SHOWING

WHEN
this

book

HOW

kind

my
to

friends,
I

me,

at

MEANT

WE

the

publishers,

laid

once

WELL

the

first

proposed
before

proposition

partner.

my

and

Jane

I have

and

printed
for

four
"

said
u

But

"

don't

we

And

they

burst

tographs
pho-

together,

photographs,

know

enough

write

to

book,"

of

similar

want

us

continued,

information,
to

the

illustrate

to

under

the

although

feeling

it

produced

with

our

impetus
I

felt

by

own

of

my

distinct

unexpected

water.

But

illustrate
I

mounted

developed

Jane.

shock,
cold

photographs,

years.

photographs,"
first

taken

did

we

not

don't

make

book,"

said

discuss

the

good

enough

photographs

to

Jane.

question

of

fact;

Jane

has

An

great deal
and

"

better

and

made

We

have

and

"

about

them

to

get

Photography

than

any

flank

movement.

failed

in

so

"

ways," I urged,
and

in

her side of the argument,

on

I know

order

Adventure

amateur

know

should

book

did

that

action

of

mathematics

we

the
in

not

have

about

been

word

say

developer,or

tow

be

pected
unex-

interesting

photographersto

profitableto
; I

it would

I think

good

and

different

many

in

retreated

; I

one

the ash-barrel

as

the

have

grateful

very

about

read

the scientific

all the

higher

and

exposures

the

shutter/'

admitted;

"but

I don't

photographicswells

when

all

Jane

"Well, maybe,"
be

pretend to

to

make

is to

this

little book

authority,neither
simply

of two

be

their

done

by

any

large expenditure of
If

else

nothing

any

mone}r
be

accomplished, the

as

the

sterner

de

siecle

the

amateur,

and

for the

the moral

Educator, I

may

simpler virtues

discourages.

The

shows

siderably
con-

what
a

very

of time.

or

photography

fortunes

depend

to

student,without

amateur

that it will reveal

the

good

ingenuity; and

own

shall

originaldiscoveries;

circumstances

by

fondlyhopes

of

do

pretensionto

no

the failures and

of

forced

amateurs,

makes

it claim

can

the record

upon
may

can

passablepictures."

Therefore

it is

we

want

of
possibilities
the

say

that

author

Compeller,

luxurious

fin

photographer especially
"

professional
photographer has

con-

how

Showing

veniences

be

must

"

Meant

we

stoic, not

Well

heeding cold, heat,

sinister sniff at his

a
mosquitoes,strange dogs sniffing

heels,or

playfullycharging down

cows

lowered

with

He

peril,or

orderlyand

be

must

exceeding patience and

be slow of

must

and
few.

don't

is

modesty

join a

that

virtue

wills

character,by

detectingfaults
for

to

of

sort

Our

camera

be

of

were

owned
who

muscle.

advice

be

of the

he

He

apostle

to

modest,

if
particularly

temper

very

because

upon

him

attempt

to

be

all the

in

spiritual
re-agent,

habit of which

the possessor,

salutaryenlightenment,
to

seems

that it

me

theologicalschools,as

annex.

introduction

own

for

and

as

it almost

aware,

taught

moral

benefit of the art-science

this bitter but

present.

spending the
jointlyby
manages

my
the

to

photography

friend's mother

advertisements,and
we

of

force herself

its action

unpremeditated.My
a

should

the further

the

ought

he

no,

I consider

never

deal

have

must

holding fast

likelyto

or

When

might

but

spair.
de-

club.

camera

but

"

flaringand

He

exact.

good

tance
dis-

middle

exasperation,or

faith,
followingthe

say

he

whether

to

trying all things;

"

gurgling and

horns, or

bursting red lanterns,or

the

We
we

winter

read
were
on

friends and

some

and

was

I gave

Arkansas
a

gentleman

plantation. The

Jane

especially
ing
glow-

captured. At
an

quite

this time

plantation,
of Arkansas

planterwas

going

St. Louis

to

An

Adventure

in

to

buy goods

for

agreed to buy

with

all the

sold

who

man

Waterbury lens,and
all taken

are

and

illustrations

of

eight plates,a

humble

package of
coated

blue

which

paper

at the

handsome

life:

twenty-six

cost

graphic
Ortho-

to counteract

the

price,was
dozen

usual

five-by-

fixing tray, a

bottle of

and

our

chapter

first winter

a
developer,

hyposulphiteof

paper,

this

was

plates,a developing tray, a

holder,a printingframe, a

toning fluid,some

lens

of

only

printing tray, a washing tray, a

of

obliging

an

bought

in the

half

dozen

quantityof

the camera,

camera

it,included

photographicoutfit

Camera,

lens,an
fifty-dollar

first

returned

Model

The

camera.

largerthan

The
With

the

following,we

size

distortion.
dollars.

He

from

lens,during our

year

camera
fifty-dollar

lens

obtained

the

this

by

The

camera.

time.

same

Optical Company's

information

; he

plantationstore

accompaniments thereof,and

miscellaneous
young

the

at the

camera

Rochester

with

Photography

soda

for

slide
bottle

a
fixing,

package of

that

albumen-

English cousins

call

preserved

paper.
"

Where

ventured

are

to

we

ask ;

"

going to

have

don't

need

we

"

studio?
some

of

one

us

do the

place to

picturesin, Madonna?"
u

book

Oh, no,"
in

inclosed

the

said

Jane, cheerfully.There

outfit.

in these

There

outfits,
by
4

some

is

always

was
a

little

little book

thoughtfulmanufact-

how

Showing

of

urer

of the

specialbrand

ought

we

feel for

to

It, justas

"it

He!)

as

don't have

and

water

dark

the

they

went

once

in

human

of

dow"
while

is

of

as

husbands
if you

or,

It says

night.

at

room

the

poisonous?"

the other

the

running

donna,
Ma-

says

shudder

into

the

to

potash (a very
goes

the

have

the

that

doctors

that she

kitchen

was

little of which

great way,

said

was

only

it

call

to

taken
am

Jane

very

spoons

down

gone

compute.

drain, and

left what

used

assassin!"

poisons

many

of the firm.

member

out-and-out

an

we

she

system

little book

do,

draught, standing about, and

oxalate

little book

will

from

sink

whenever

getting

dubiously.

little book

kitchen

of the

closet

mixtures

Nevertheless, how
our

with

their

closet,
any

Deadly," comes

"Your

is

pans."

little

about

over

convenient, because

very

grateful

beautiful

always speak of
dark

any

says

aren't your

"But

"

is

kitchen

women

some

heart.

by

anything.

says" (she always spoke

"it

lore;

be

must

we

Oh, no," says Jane, brimming

"

missionary

how

five senses, how

into

soda

hyposulphiteof

aforesaid

platitudesabout

our

the

to

of
glorification

little book

our

careful

how

and

nature,

knew

all its

mastered

had

She

the

of the

goods

Jane

manufacturer.

and

amateur

of

Well

It is devoted

photographicimplements.

encouragement
the

Meant

we

lethal

lar
particustir

our

into the

informed) to

An

Adventure

them

covered

the

that it

might

oxalate

in

stove

the

lest

Jinny (our black

She

did not, slie said

at

but I

I had

them

seen

of the

hen) at

It

darkly,know

poisoned,and

stove, in order

preparing on
left it alone

never

taste

it

by

what

might

life in

pyrogallicacid

sprinkledon

mistake.

have

such

small

They

return

We

never

zest.

hypo

as

studio.

our

our

sheet

the drain.

the

fly.

but flies
a

fact in

marvellous
Two

grains

simply dote

medicinal

powder

again and again to

by

any

chance

the

wary
he

in the

could
and

oper
devel-

fly sipped

flew,and

of the inhuman

the

we

and

were

stickyfly

screens.

began without
That

from

drown
occasionally

bath ; but

stick up

help

inquisitiveness

Mosquitoes,gnats,

rejoicing,singing as
to

to

dog;

beverage or

banditti did

away

fatal

house

common

will kill

fly in

the

reduced

the

disease,"for

vague

discovered

we

escaped,

cat

should,like Lady

entomology,namely,

meat.

dead

find

as

fresh

with

and

poisonsas they oozed

our

tenacityof

or

with

pecking (with the

rather

it,either

dog

fowls

later,I think, that

was

feast

the

our

"sicken

Vere,

zoology,or

We

she

cook) should

surprisedthat

not

was

de

paper

time; and

same

not

was

Clara Vere

flew

the

on

always

Jinny

on

heatingit

she

spatter into the viands

not

the

of

Photography

thoroughly afterwards,and

cleanse

done

in

is what

studio.
the

We

little book

sing.
spent days in focusadvised.

So

we

Adventure

An

that

has

been
The

taken.

exposed
book

but

exposure;
can

you

will not

out

come

seems

We

thought so

to

stock

our

details

must

will

an

careful,

important to

don't,the details
not

too

expose

but

come,

there

will

in

often

more

sneaking

through cracks,or
dust

is

slide,and

used

into the bellows

After

picking.

sin.

as

threw

development.
with
it

the

Out

of

and

sky

the

all black

was

shadow,

Either

or

"

the

the

"

cap, and

The

light

plate-holder

which

all the
up

perilsof
in

detail

it did not

plateswe

was

flash,

tint of

same

no

cotton

plate on

the

while

focusing-cloth

pall over

white, with

of

the

picturecame

frequenttragedy

one

stops, although

the

were

foliageof

and

first box

presumable picture,there

the

by

many

of the camera;

Once

secured

we

so

sometimes

stops.

getting into

lens and

the

slippedover

the

rolled

are

sometimes

the wrong

of

way

insidious

as

There

pictureswithout
we

days

taking a picture;

the
took

we

feebly.

the

as

more,

platesdiminished.

remove

sometimes
much

of

and

more

remember

forgetsto

or

It is very

you

for

are

I ventured
difficult,"

be

"It

thingsto

littlewhile, if you

the

time

proper

contract."

no

has

the

all ; but

at

picturewas

professional
photographers

even

enough.

then

long,because

and

the

long enough, because, if you

expose

be

in

near

guess

that

mistake

that

Photography

long when

too

says

sometimes

in

secured

come

two

ash,

in

the

at

all !

nega-

how

Showing

did

box

second

first time

the

about

as

with

the

take

the

of
for

waited

no

that

plate without

day'swork

moonless

platewith
in

in

up

but

of the slides at

of

The

night,and

at

of

water,

Then

and

Jane

"The

book

so

as

we
plate-holder,

the

first taken

had

safe

as

as

merce.
com-

our

and

paper

this

the

wrapping

box

period

full

was

had

we

no

mysterious picturesthan

to

taste

We

to

be

more

told

we

sure

also three

have
to

place

the

dark

in

table.

bucket,

enough

only says
in

the

second

put

trays, a jug

to

have

well,'and
"it

take

to

us

water-bucket

Wash

and

no

took

dry," said Jane, musingly;

developing,'rinse

covered
dis-

then

not

it is

were

take

it.

'

says,

an

to

suggested that

full of water,

was

dared

empty

an

dark

pictures,taking

black

little book

took

we

for

one

cloth,and when

black

those

drugs.

our

even

it into
night and shifting

empty plate-boxes
; besides,we
with

make,

plate-box of

dozens

pasting it securely. But

liberties

made

night,which

common

plate-box,covering with

the box

can

pictureon

the

took

we

out

we

I think

plate-holder.We

one,

Later

I recall

dining-room

picturesuntil

more

of the

safelyout

the

little book.

inconvenience, because,having
could

And

more.

the amateur

as

corner

we

much

us

encourage

developed,because

of
a

Well

possibleto print.

was

mistakes

aid

and

room,

not
we

many

used

We

it

which

from

tives

Meant

we

water.

rack

to

'rinse' after

fixing solution.'

An

What
two

do you

suppose

three

times?"

or

I
of

thought it
the

over

we

chilled

"

running

it must

all say,

"We

want

"

take

risk his

to

It ended

in

largeenough
into

could

hold

to

an

hour.

somewhere)

faucet-cock

kerosene

of

water

and
and

on

the
drain

so

well

negative-boxfrom

with
industry,

pause

water

"

do,

as

or, if you

lief pump

negatives
"

zinc

and

suspect we

the

scheme

not."

as

"

box

pumping

minds

our

don't

ously
simultanemust

of

have

fittinga

barrel,placing the negative-

off into space.

the whole

hypo."

sink," suggested

hogshead drip down

whole

It

washing

it will not

too;

for you,

Then

evolved

respects,

gallons of

and
beneath,turningthe cock partially,

box

to

the

negative-boxof

(so simultaneouslythat
it

other

negatives soak."

I would

dozen

times

whatever

hour's

an

kitchen

pump

buying

our

that

eliminate

"to

the

the bucket

platesthoroughly.

let the

it at

off

wash

several

other

gallons on

pumping,

it for half

read

each

running water,

Jim

took

we

stream

the

ought

pump

To

development in

simply

to

might

Madonna.

told

the

water

cried Jane, "and

they

means?

read, later,that half

to

Why,

well'

narrow

washing

were

us

we

with

Photography

that ; and

mean

poured

wrong

least

in

'wash

plate,and

might be

with

did

We

water.

at

Adventure

"

So

much

said,"about

below,

and

for remarks
10

lettingthe

on

the

has

been

tives
nega-

said,

the water

entering

rising,like

honest

at

every

stage,until

how

Showing

it flows

bought
and

end

to

who

one

were

end

the

the

the

according

and
the

to

let

Our

is to

custom

hour,

then

with

size)of

to
a

wash

little

in

that

and

while

an

digestionwill

poor

we

the
and

the

tific
scien-

flow

out
to

seem

plantation.

go

takes

disturb

may

have

to

and

is Jane's

This

any

high

Southern

"

dab

cotton.

drip

the

aimlesslyabout

off well

piece("a

streakyeffect

pains me

put the negativesto

them

absorbent

negative,as

on

at

and

gravitation,which

even
pretty steadily,

work

one

in accord

so

abandoned

water

of

laws

was

negatives stranded

our

at

arrangement

same

it

careered

we
dry. Therefore, reluctantly,

method,

box

usuallyslippedoff

water

yard, leaving

back

into the

comfortable,and

one

and

gone,

the cock

to

on

inserted

easilymake

and

that

impressed, and

were

of science,
that
principles

the

Well

Anthony's Washing-box,

can

neat

so

mention

to

is

it

uses

It looked

with

box

The

other.

little funnel

we

and fitted it

tube

rubber

top, that

tbe

over

Meant

we

for

soak

the

over

face
sur-

definition
a

away

of

able
disagree-

otherwise
the

an

less
blame-

of
disposition

saint.
Our

be

first

sure;

negatives had

they

washed

were

ought by

all the chances

of

but

grief;

live to

they were

ninetyin spiteof

printedfrom

them

such

no

to
as

advantages,you

but
have

not

their

for years ;

to the

come

obstinate

cleansed.

as

whiskey
they were

worst

the sinners

and

may

They
kind
who

tobacco;

we

thin,they were

An

took

flat,they
stains ; but

In

Adventure

to

fine,they acted

as

conduct

one

caused

kind

every

did

they

that hypo
whispered a cynicalsuspicion,
he

than

is

painted; that

fix your
But
into

to

it is

image than

return

to

improvisedstudio

our

lit our

of the

and
fist,

in the

Oculist's

known

Friend.

table

dollar.

graduate

had

we

"

the
placeof graduates,

learned

be

by

of accidents
Jane

in

herself for
book.

which

"

sat

heart

the

the

all sorts and

does

not

have

to

The

other

the contrivance

so

by

which

as

hand.

parts of the

positionof

12

the

began, for
She

fear

anyhow
had

fortified

by reading the
very

dark.

Plate-holders

thing which

he shall unload
the

plate

seance

was

plateis

held

the

the trays, all must

It

waiting.

soon

papers.
news-

the

on

tle
lit-

The
are

of

the amateur

he
always consider,in buying plates,
consider

we

and

beforehand

One
descriptions.

plates

the bottles that took

operatingchair.
in

the

the size of

The

generallyoccurred

in Jane's

was
plate-holder

circle

the

before

fixing?

floor,with

"

oughly
thor-

photographersas

chemicals

occasion

I stood

one

took

about

was

darkness.

but

villain

off the

We

the

among

Cimmerian

in

were

It

it be,

dining-room,where

on

It illumined

bigger than

rather

the

lantern.

type

Can

is less

it is to wash

protectedthe matting
artlessly
We

Their

importantto

more

first efforts.

our

they spot, in

did

doubts.
disquieting

us

silver

washed.
perfectly

they were

of

in
dissipation

of

fade,neither

not

if

Photography

is like to

them, namely
in

placewith-

how

Showing

Our

in the holder.

attachment

screw

the

first

had
plate-holders

For

grip of

our

nails,and

of

one

us

the

plateit is
platepops

abruptnesswith

off into ruin !

even

dare say I should

bought

new

have

kind

of

is

discovered

not

to

the

its

did not

Jane

risk my

fair hands

own

she

extricated

into the

says

the

should

we

the

we

love them.
had
lias

not

we

honest

an

prisoner;

and

had
taining
per-

photography.

impetuous

"

she, the book

to

its

several

field of usefulness

the wide

hairpinextends

clutches

more,

many

which
plate-holder,

that

anything

I broke

why

begin to

or

broken

is

rap, to

treasures,before

spring,easilypersuadedto release
we

her temper;
smart

for

pointsof

it lets it go, and

proven

their features

see

edge of

which

That

word

off the

wore

that holder

which

negatives that might have

could

advertisements

faithful custodian

tenacitywith

the

said,"held

the
precisely

off the

wore

of

kind

resulted, for if there

Grief

things.

equal to

is

plate-holder!We

that

used to hit the too

loosen

the

once

immovable
quitetruthful,

the

Well

which, the advertisements

platesimmovable."

were

and

Meant

we

; with

treatment

plate.
out

pour

her

Now," said

"

the

developer

graduate

"That

"

stuff that looks

like port wine

is the

developer,

isn't it?"
"

Yes, pyrogallicacid
else in it.

the

The

"

book

pyro

says

plate."
13

they
to

call

flow

it,with
it

thing
some-

evenly over

An

She did not

Adventure

dust the

in

first season's

that the
and

have

we

Jane

laid the

of

and

covered

the

made

what

such
rather
This

feat

she

"

ascribed

rocking;

to

I cannot

it.

confidence,because,although I
has

dish

speak

and

to

little stranger has

turned

out

this ; it
But

may

first

be

sure

baby, this

studio
special

is the

of them

with

once,

rocking,and

without

the others.

I do not

rocked

if the

likelyto spatter.
and

"

we

time.

One

as

explain

and
Jane

the

dim

amazingly

slow !
14

having a

in the enthusiasm

the
light,

did not, but Jane

negatives

for

reason

necessityof rocking ;

of the moment

careful

as

fro.

it
conscientiously,

rock

up

was

simply happened.

you
a

well

quiteas

grown

scribed
pre-

of advantages

number

this

that

happened that,developingseveral negativesat

some

were

little book

fluid

and

finally

Having

the

sway

we

thought most

we

wrong.

quantity of
to

although

singularappearance

plate"the

the

the book

what

was

plate;

gone

began

is named

motion
are

of

limited

the tray, and

book,

the

the

on

had

surface

the

obeyed

we

emulsion

thought

we

scrupulously,

dust

we

it ; that

puddle having dried

likely the

pinholes;

glimmering white platein

wondered

sometimes

of

the dust for

blame

we

said

opinionof plates.

poured the developerover

commanded,

did

Now,

poor.

better

Nor

plenteouscrop

plateswere

the little book

because
plate,

nothingabout dusting.
our

Photography

was

scientist is

amazingly

Slowly, carefullyshe

Showing

how

strained

her

and
roclced,

Meant

we

to

eyes

Well

The

see.

platewas

glimmering rectangle.
What

fascinatingthing

negative!

Even

"Where's

and
invisible,

while;

plategoes

for

the

that

I,,
too,

had

"First,the high lightswill

"the

sky

and
first,

comes

is

; what

reversed

negative, and

the

only a
"

out

came

that

platewould

be

the

snow-

read the littlebook.

out,"

come

said

Jane;

it is

actly
ex-

the

pictureis

black

in

very

deepest

of the

afraid it's over

"What

shall

"When

it

we

is

darkness

shadow

began

the outlines of

gloom ; but
black ; and

darkness,not

gray
am

but I knew

black, for

lightin

the

deepen,to spread;then
cattle

only

it will be

Surelyenough, a pall of
and

of

mercy
can

wrong,

is clear

look !"

Now

glass.

the

at

are

you

picture?"said I;

the

picturewas
for

if your

and

development of

it go.

see
helplessly

white

first,when

at

exposure,

your

is the

the
Jane

exposed,"said

to

to

creep,

house, of trees,
darkness

was

sighed.

she.

do?"

exposed

over

it is better

to

use

old

developer."
"

But

how

can

you

tell whether

you

have

exposed

"

your

negativeright?

"

You

"

But

you

can't tell until it

can

have

you

stop

develops."

it then ?

It

seems

to

me

that

if

put it in the strong developerit will have

15

An

taken

such

"The

book

says it should

tray of water,
old

some

but I
So
oper

and

and

then

poured off

we

that had

all thin

be

before

but
clearly,

work

fast

so

have

the

and put
developer,

the

not

the first

roostingin
sky

of the desirable black

developerpoured back, and

will not

nothing happened !

into

immediately put

we

ushered

the chickens

be

the

developerthat

can't,because

more

Photography

it that it will

grip on

in

take it out."

can

you

Adventure

the

on

pictureinto

cows

and

the

trees

appeared

"

and

house

and

more

acquireany deepening

not

tint,and

the

devel

world

the

The

did

trays."

more

any

poured in

"

clear

in

glassappeared

alarming abundance.
kind

Presently a
quieted my

Jane

only the

that

does

alum

breath

calmly and put

would

harden

of scandal

harden

loves

which

thingswhich

did any
is

harm

baby

The

other

and

good

as

It is

us.

it

was.

this

on

escaped
every

doing

so,

Except

16

graphic
photoit never

frequently,
things!

brake.

I declare

that

pictureshould

for thinness

the

varietyof

because

nuisance,but

day why

was

Undoubtedly

not

enumerate,

cypress

it

of alum.

bath

film.

of

that

completed,and

blow

to

picture.

other,in the main, valuable

many

to

said

it has

is accused

I shall not

picturewas

understand
so

to

she

it into

the

films, but

benefactor; it
evil

the

spread over

for it to look when

way

it off

said

She

veil

apprehensions
;

proper

she washed

of

(and how

not
can-

be

many

how

Showing

I often wish

sure

negative;yet
I

theory

same

for

celebrated

Mr.

hypo

which

by

the

whist-player
the

plays equal

on

of the
is

not

we

did

have

not

hypo

ideal

an

the

and

"

am

least notion

plain saturated
"

while

wards.
perfunctorywashing, after-

our

realize

not

walking. If

the

on

the

lightheart,and gone

to

two

developer

bath ; I

fixingbath

negativesup

were

the

hypo

had, we

our

the art.

language of

out

we

we

stood
such

did

we

already described
Happily

wash

put it into the

we

take it out

solution of

didn't

we

equally convinced

have

the

"

thoroughlybefore

to

of

rubber;namely,

hit
Foster, accidentally

quite sure

when

the

use

beautiful

success

scientific
up

sometimes, to

was

am

of genius."
inspirations

best

am

the

"

rudiment

undeserved

our

that consoles

that the duffers

to the

know

thin !

are

myself!)it

bumblepuppyist marks

the

when

thin

did not

we

Well

giftedpeople

were

only account

can

and

amiable

lovelyand

Meant

we

17

bed

pitfalls
among
might

piano
so

to

not

have

dry,with

cheerfully.

CHAPTER

COMPOSITION

THE

OF

GLASS

"

WE

the

DOUBLE

of

idea

our

eye

that

and
can

be

on

the

river
"

the
is

It

but

be

could

sheep
that

sweet

are

the

looked

little

cow

sheep

under

picture

pinheads,
objects

in

but

pastoral

peaceful

prettier, daintier,

larger

glass,

it appears,
looks

pretty

photograph

she

picture
somehow

of

the

one

18

they
of

large

bank,

and

The

what

that

She

small

said

on

they

didn't;
fence

and

cows

white.

looked

hoped

corner

any

the

on

of

had

ask,

scene?

map

blur

could
in

shade,

the

Well,

negative.

large except

the

than

river

the

the

in

grazing

it is like

"

one

as

beautiful

nothing

course,

of

dots

ground-glass,
look

of

given

Jane's

"But

the

on

the

bend.

as

white

pretty

It

of

impression

Nothing,

took

in

more

supposed.

Everything

Jane

is

there

the

ugly.

truth.

the

US

had

we

look

look

To-day,

grand,

nothing

few

from

glass.

than

would

scene

that

repeated

sun

would

one

farther

at

sense,

pretty

ugly

an

the

UNDID

IT

discover

picture

that

to

HOW

GROUND-

OUR

OR,

PICTURE;

AND

beginning

are

composing

was

II

the

would

nothing

which

had

The

Composition of

giganticshadow
"

is the

something
for

they

This
the

first

semblance
witch's

of

phase

passes.

beginsto

work.

which

books

and
artist,
disdain

; she

sun

"

talk of

of
the

The

and

kept

we

make

camera

any

such

seems

get any obedience

ever
what-

buys

the

as

soon

artist's

soul,does

her hook.

He

the

nique,
tech-

"clearness

what

not

not

beginsto

perspective"and

I know

he

as

gelatineand

and
"brilliancy,"

shadows," and "luminous

fire

that harries every

in silver and
on

catches

photographs,"of composing,of
pictorial
"pluck"

us

photographic

Directly,he

him

and
half-tones,"
out

that

to
ability

jade Ambition,

cleverlylures

either

with

or

the

in

student

dabbler

poor

and

beginner.

artisan with

every

our

all.

able to

be

words."

the

delightat

the

the

camera

our

earlystage

amazes

it

this

But

to

landscapes;

diaryof gloom

pictureat

toy that

from

with

from

and

of

prosaicfor

The

season.

reared

tiny plain.

matter

extract

an

landscape,and

number

too

is wonder

career

from

all

are

is

the

on

tried

have

We

the

into

crept unobserved

Picture

of

in

monious
"har-

phrases

of the books.
Then

the

rocks

littlepinnaceof

hope !

unexpectedsentence
royal road

to

rise out

of the

This

river

affects me,

as

than the assertion that

photography;

"

thing.
19

but

it

comes

and

stab

being a
"

more

there is
to

the

his

no

same

in

Adventure

An

do

theosophistfriends

Our

of

one

was

believe that

tempted to

been

objects; but
first

doing justwhat
trick

mean

itself

of

front

of

miles

away

could

not

the

; above

call

hole!

was

be

to

the

"

wealth

flaunted

with

expanse

Arabian

and

assumed

up

If

we

it

itself in
be

to

for you

"

The

middle
"

lowered

we

alarming

more

white

ground

three-fourths

growing like

Nights/'

air

If

of shadowless

taking

grass

efface

looked

sky I

drag it out.

we

to

planterssay they are

cotton

as

The

pushed

of vacant

tint

gray

foreground only

and growing
picture,
of

tends

camera

foreground

could

a great
proportions,

speckled

The

uniform

Nor

focus,the

turn, and
our

Its first

distance.

stripof perspectivethat

seemed

distance

modest

sight.

thin

middle

The

delight

do.

to

we

once

to take

it not

encouraged;

when

even

quite out

in

is of

distance

middle

the

snub

to

was

asked

have

we

camera

"contrary."

as

innocent-lookingmahogany thing seems

in

the

think, grant

our

known

children

those

not, I

inanimate

privilegeof preexistenceto
have

Photography

of

the

enraged genius

an

lifted the lens

we

got

unmitigatedsky.
One
us

"

middle
the

of

one

which

the

day,

one

"

us;
we

lightning flash
modesty

determined

distance ; out

flower,safety. Two

amateur

whom

will not

of

the

to turn

of

visited
inspiration

permit
the

me

to

mention

foregroundinto

nettle,
danger,we

plucked

thingsare necessary, oh, gentle

fondly prefigureto myself following

The

these

distance.
wide

those

and

cloud

One

thing is

visions

field and

like

are

You

way.

color

into

like

other

dear

our

landscape behold, in
"

composition;
interest.
bits

the

by

restingfor
down

of trees
colors

or

on

these

The

and

same

translation,

charm

of

the

beautiful

lightand shade, no

translation

appliesto

but

the

and

Light

the

the

"

these

distance

much

slightmotives, and

you.
21

less

is

more

missed

nitely
infimore

deceitful

lad

fishing

figure walking

white, they retain

middle

are

little

trees, a wagon

woodland
look

are

less
A

of

stream,

bits

shade

scene.

clump

vista of

river road

in black

of attraction.
in

nooning by

country road, a

very

witchery of

the

ground-glassis

under

edge

white

the

not

vivid

no
life,

of
picturesqueness

river's

the

largerviews,
the

and

and
The

are

the

shade; and

translate.

And
intelligible.
the

sky

print,a flat,
tame, unrelieved

the

to

to

of

yourselflooking at

the

course

as

easier

about

translate

contrast,no

no

Of
well

as

they have

but

loses
translations,

fancied

panoramas.

Both

country.

plain lightand

original. You

capture

the steerage agents about

obliged to

are

abandon

to

like the black

more

their way,

good thingsin

to

necessary

iridescent water, lie like fun.

the fables of

photograph than

Picture

jewelledhues

all the

ground-glass
pictureis no
America

of

things are

adventures,two

middle
In

Composition

or

glimpse

the
the

same

same

in
kind

manageable
if

it eludes

is
happy result,

tried with

plan we

object after
interesting
of your
time.

See
in

distance;it

has

option,the

no

The

other

either

level

on

The

thing

necessary

of

growing

the

of

out

in
inequalities

angle

of

this

glass.

It

not

cost

with

as

is

is to

take

boys

ing
rest-

middle

the

squarelyon

the

of

tender

submit,

picture

better,slightlyup

One
of

rows

for

reason

trees

that

we

made

we

were

as

our

of

account

no

houses

or

likelyto

another
the

trick

of the

take

conscience

of

values

and

If it

knowledge of

some

of

out

houses,and

photograph

ground-

artist calls values.

I could
reproducing photographs,

amateur's

to

what

concerns

is

one's

up.

brings me

for

be

ground;

larger than

presences
For

the

illustrations

fences
what

wagon

view.

shelf,was

hill

down

All

the

the

perspectiveis vastlyhelped by

earlypicturesappearingto

were

in the centre

find

go

or, what

ground,

depth

little lift to

view

the

distance,every

pictureof
must

eye

on

of it.

edge

hill.

The

shade.

the

the middle

the

in
yourself,

for

focus

to

placed it

have

you

that catches

planes;

Photography

in

Adventure

An

gear,

as

fill pages

it were;

lop-sided
scenery.
album

has

missed

But
such

single example,observe,in
the

size of

they
It is

are

those

black

Gullivers

and

the

pictureI sadly

children
the

impossibleto imagine

in

ground;
fore-

tians!
Lillipu-

women

them

the

ever

getting

The

through that

Composition

cabin

door.

ground-glass
; I

the

lenses

angle

eye

would

make

pay

for

their

abnormal

it is the

The
the

We

only certain
sure

width

for

the

of

than

angle by distorting;

mad

dog

field than

good

dog !

parts of the picture"witness

A

lens that

will
ground-glass

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24

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Carbutt,and

cheap

; and

not

that

of

come

the

why

developing table hangs

our

has

will

know

opposite."

develop in

expects (in my

experience:

our

cheerful;"but

to

what

see

but they are

expect it,too !),
book

still

going

of it; I do not

comes

whom

dignitythat

those bottles

am

light,and

from

one

to

face.

on

by

with

Jane,

read the labels

almost

face
answer

I," says

can

more

it is

glimmering,but

failures,
quite another

your

before

hand

my

"No

are

in

flaunted

see

walls

of your

aware

; I

can't

To

white

expectedsympathy

you

can

odious

the

see

can

develop

useful.
For

long

ventures
recurringmisadthe

admit

lanterns
was

or

to

versatile

An

and
fist,

pretty

called The

was

It does

oil.

negative

harm

not

its

takes

of it until it

for

life.

is cast

made

but
little,

made

ringson

popped

the

instantieties.

the

negative for

her

course,

in

It

next

mortal

venture

It

give
sin in

was

much
dark

platethe better;the
and

be

stand

It

aside

was

an

and

when

it

let nature

in

pluming

but

it declared

anyhow

desideratum

disagreeableoil

about

take

The

itself

did

; the less

was

for

training!

lantern; it

room,

for

didn't,we

we

ascetic

light;

the

safer

was

splendid lantern

lantern

plate,or

got anything that

we

always

was

the

the

the density
visiting

that

seen

When

him

poured

deadly alkali waiting for

thankful;

were

philosopher,it kept

to

will
to

us

surprised.

innocence.

the

of

die

the

and
tray positions,

our

into

unhampered.

print we

Our

whole

unevenly and

slightmistake

its character

it,intensify

lantern,we

not

nothing

sees

with

this

solution,was

were

as

not

woe,

putter over

can

or

operator

instead
rapidlythinningnegative,

would

weal

of

The

in the least.

with
Occasionally,

developeron
we

We

with

blackness

fixingbath

of the

hinder

reduce,help or

or

the

such

some

or

efficient smell

very

for

course

own

out

formed

negative,not

comes

Jewel

sacred

the

by anything,because

affected

the size of one's

was

The

or

and
light,

of red

hardly a gleam

Gem

disturbed

It

name.

Photography

first lantern

persistent.Our

and

in

Adventure

to have

on

not

lightto
lighton
no

lantern

its

tend
prebe

the

ous
dangerin ques-

Makeshift

tion had

no

Any

reader

dark

lantern

oil ; it burned

of

who

this book

box

other

collected at the
third

Scribner's
skies

and

the

us, and

ing
sendto

be

read

in

spared

his

reluctant

of

we

who

one

some

were

foliagewith

strong
his

lingerlong over

to

surpassingbeauty.

paint by

to

see

have

can

because

bought

the

they

couldn't

He

explode

accustomed

was

perfectlysafe

transportation.Express

about

paintedin

negatives,and

desires

used it twice.

by applyingto

was

Magazine

We

end.

lantern

developer. He
"

for

candle.

never

treasure

suitable

Our

will

that

before-mentioned
a

Studio

lantern,"observed

our

Jane.
"

Anything
lantern

our

"

;
"

and
don't

"Why

I read

These

earth

on

both

were

remark;

same

which

pained rne

photography on
we

say

believe

in

"

and

she

Arkansas,

had

"

anything they

so

Why, Jenny, you

to

say

done

said

donna
Ma-

"

ments,"
advertise-

beautiful

I could

make

bitter
bitter,
the

witness

but
gentlespirit,

photograph books, either

"

in

added, in

for I hate

that

negativeby

lantern?"

partner, before

interruptedmy
the

advertisement

beautiful

lanterns

to

it,"I agreed,sadly.

get another

you
a

know

not

we

might happen

tone

of

ravages

the littlebook,

its do

"

''
"

in advertisements

can't

You
or

as

in

the

!"

said you

much."
37

liked

Burton's

Printing

An

"

I don't

in

him," said

Jane

mean

the books

professionals
; I

to

That

worse.

We

is

bought

of

not

that

say

exploded, served

they sent

without

the flame

would

was

to

risk

We

happen

the

it

gave

"Whir!
and
we

were

I cannot

of

the

when

we

air,we

of the

set

the

it

at

it did

doom

to

its worst, and

us

them.
The

and,
light,
did

it

plode
ex-

hissing and
kind, and

some

naturally

the most

critical

negative; consequently
felt at

we

on

instant

began

jugglingwith

of

make

were

sent

trust.

unpleasantly. This

we

pshutt! hiss-s-s !

into the Black

be

trusted

our

fit of

continue,but

to

the flame

relief when

in

person

evolution

did,

we

well

that supplied

Neither

to

always stood ready to

we

whatever

well.

us

; it used

flare up

forced

and

not

firm

fair amount

gave

warning

snortingnoises,like

were

might

we

nature

we

they betrayed

until it

juncture in

left the

things,and

other

that

we

It could

of the St. Louis

judgment

lantern

sure

books,

photographicimplements. They

with

would

But

of

any

amateur

books.

We

lantern.

good drugs and

very

mean

compensation."

one

the

luminary to
us

the

lantern, I suppose.

another

I don't

"

mean

photography-made-easykind
buy

Photography

Adventure

flee for

it

caper,

On
we

our

frightful
lives.

high, dry box;

well

were
"

into

gurgled and
and

the

whole, it

threw

ness,
busi-

tered,
sput-

knew

we

the

but

that
was

fragments

Eiver.

recall

anything about

our

next

lantern,ex-

WHERE

WE

THREW

THE

LANTERN.

lined with

the tacks that

and
box.

Thus

for

toning or

one

its

itself.

wooden

own

Thanks

to

stick

among

the

of

fixing

their backs

have

lined with

with
oilcloth,

sides.

Each

with

tiny saw

tools that
over

the matter;
could

We
and
until
two

do

have

the boxes

them

the average

on

vantages.
disadto the

on

bath

hypo
wood

we

half

did

on

hold

dozen

of

considerable
an

posite
opthe

the grooves

out

saw

make

to

the
fuss

ordinarypenknife

well.

quantity of porcelaintrays

"

flat

many

smooth

use

we

soon

very

negatives,a deep box

just as

trays, and

very

quick fixingas

our

suspect that

business

but for

with

We

boxes.

own

wrought

little grooves

handle; and

the

they broke
"

stripsof

keep

we

will get

such

For

for

have, and

but

enamelled-tin

weeks

is not

its work.

we

in

corne

has

with

in the bath

striphas

negative firmly to

its

discovered

attended

but
prints,

that

measuring glass,

own

We

us.

hypo, is

for

hypo

and
stirring,

for

platestands upright.

flat boxes

of the

cheap

so

are

Our

its

negative,and there

film of the

the

them.

It has

sediment

Any
when

they

negativesby laying

the

in

seams,

the outside

on

exclusiveness,
hypo

our

little mischief
that

And

plenty of

by

all

are

no

innocent, deep tray,

perfectly

washing.

have

stand

on

have

you

may

it

secure

oilcloth has

The

oilcloth.

white

Photography

in

Adventure

An

have

life of the

and

rubber

glasstrays
glass tray

is

washing and fixingnothing excels

the oilcloth

lining.
40

Makeshift

understand

don't

get along without

use

it,and when

on

the

and

negativesin

in

box

when

For

of

business

quarters,

made

ourselves

of

out

packing-box that

developingpedigree of
in

rows

bromide

sight,the

almost

facts

marked

in

out

cut

handling.
mottoes

the

the

box

an

this sounds

which
idle

cast,like "To-Day
the

one

very

of

afternoon,are
is Ours"

"

procrastinating
partner

"

41

the

name

; and

in

names

platino-

negativeare

semicircular

envelopeto
orderly;

and

tion
por-

facilitate
the

little

the walls of the

of the

the

cent.

third.

sternest

naturallythe
but

paper)

us

their

of
a

two

(inenvelopes

box, the

one

our

us

negativewithin
with

of

the camera,

bear

adorned

us

keep

cost

cost

not

is

front of each

glass

yellow Manila

career

There

dozen

pair

to

them

in

in the

envelope.

of the

All

with

studio,on

lamp

many

which

and
legibly,

negativesin

of interest

the

on

as

used

we

did

type in another,and the albumen

written

depend

beautiful

stored

we

and

stand

without

large followingof

our

envelopesare

Any

to

alcohol

an

polished wood

The

they

always

we

warm

both

while

their

cast-off

too

sizes,and

various

dollars; but

we

the

on

carry

scales.
apothecaries'

which

have

supply,we

not

graduates of

outgrew

washing;

grows

printingframes, and

of

so

or

for

boilingwater

oil stove.

could

We

professional
photographers

the weather

kitchen
wee

how

Studio

moral

favorite of

painfultruth

is

that

before,

mean

to

It is easy

to

to

even

be

the

in

swarm

tub, which

floor with

in

pigsor

studio.

rats

"obsessed"

These

They

love

leak

and

this is to lure

the

tain
cer-

or

ing
by all,rul-

shunned

brute

promptly springsa

poison;

low

too
imagine intelligences

white

our

forces

occult

that

depraved things.
things,
totally
creatures

intimated

I have

believe

allowed

and

little black

As

none!

coming

are

matter.

sway
and

we

Photography

determinedlyuntidy room

most

plantation,bar

the

on

is the

studio

our

in

Adventure

An

bewitch

to

floods

and

cat

our

dogs

the

that

imported dogs
(good,well-bred,high-descended,
money)

cost

to

death

fluids will trickle

the baneful

floor and

flow

and

Jane's

that

awful

an

off under

the

through the
house

specialpets,

hens, imported in the shell,at

and

die.

would

They

Pending
to fill the

sailor

dust

with

room

make

room

or

are

more

Twain
In

keep
on

any

high

vast

like

the

We

to

and

that
vacant

the
42-

well-born
may

do

and

drink

their

best
cook

the

to

pharmacy, we

must

we

in
not

are

inhabitants

during

-yard,

that!

suggest

room,

of

"always washing

consequence,

back

expense,
in

of the

storeroom.

dark

space

the tables.

found

the

and

good

traps about

many

to

into the

fairlyrevel

Being printingroom,
so

cracks

gradual destruction,they

our

that it would

have

hope, also,that

They

and

be

tidyas

the middle

tidyas

of the

we
sailor,

Italy whom
never

Mark

clean!"

photographicseason,

we

weekly

have

almost

point
just

as

of

as

sweeping
to

find

abstract

the

time

taking

an

as

work

regular

apprentice

dusting
principles.

that

house-cleaning

to

washing,

and

The

only

apprentice.

43

and

him

teach

teach

lawyers

country
and

of

seasons

much

Studio

Makeshift

law,
and

take

business,

beginning
so

difficulty

the

at

am

the

up

with

climbing
will

up

be

to

IV

CHAPTER

AND

PLATES

LIMITATIONS

THE

AND

IT?

SAVE

WE
ORTHOCHROMATIC

VARIOUS

THE

FILMS,

PLATES,

CAN

DEVELOPMENT,

LIGHT

WHITE

ING
INCLUD-

CHAPTER,

SKY,

PHOTOGRAPHIC

THE

LONG

MARK:

ITS

NEGATIVE,

THE

OF

THE

OPERS,
DEVELNEOUS
INSTANTA-

SHUTTER

whist

CELEBRATED

on

exceptions,

game,"

rules

"These

effect:

this

noblest

the

"

treatise

hold

it should

but

So

is

thing
that

conduct

the

about

expected

be

to

the

but

are

you

hundred

normal,
that
in

that
proper,

you

varying

friend,

you

may

may

that

easily

surprise.

and
the

you

not

are

is

chances

and

one

to

will.
44

you

the

will
are

only
told

are

under

exposed;

about

get all three

negative.

The

normally
are

moral

or

You

classes,

the

exposure;

contrive

into

to

whist

regular

particular negatives

perfect

and

mind

three

to

that

your

degrees

there

nothing

it is

from

told

where

in

lucid

something

gelatine dry plate.

exposed,

over

not

is

belongs

negative

exposed,

of

good

of

!"

There

negative.

close

remarks

borne

be

everlastingly exceptional

the

at

expert,

in

one

hit
not

on

told

exposures

Nevertheless,

my

The

developerin

of the

shadows

are

there

poor,

under

exposed

half-tones

whites,detail

back

with
are

no

is

to

more

differ in

doctors

developerand
the

the

than

the

details.

We

eikonogen will get more

there

hopelessto get

it

the

of the

profess no

scientific,

not

are

opinion;
out

of

we

simply

sullen

plate

hydroquinone.

or

"

have

never

we

in about

harmoniouslyand
the

that

normally exposed negative should (accordingto

the books

in

The

the operator that hinders

that

appear

their

to

but the weakness

know

either pyro

up

maintaining that

school

I, and

The

harsh

point they jib,

hold

it is

and

than

and

jibbinghorse.

and
plate,

Jane

we

Most

ignoranceof

of

luring out

whipped

certain

picture;it is

the

be

them.

is another

all the

makes

sun

be moved

on

there

But

look

they

must

after

regardto

nothing more

out.

blacks

violent

are

shadow

and

and
alkalies,

is

of this ; in them

reverse

Under-exposed negatives come

slowly;they hang
work

thin,the

is

lead-pencil
drawing.

in

it

not

the sky
high lights,

no

the

are

is masked

unfinished.

and

and

are

wanting, there

are

that it does

hurry

it is all out;

half-tone;it looks like

The
the

such

before

get its densityon

dull

Mark

but jumps
over-exposedplatehas plentyof detail,

An
out

Negative,its

minute

frock

and

any
a

evenly (ours

brightsky,

child's white

had

and

the

forming
45

such

half;it should
never

delicate
and

children of

did);
shadows

light)

develop

the clouds
of

shaping themselves

the
in

the

with

communion

sweet

over-exposedought never

The

There, again,we
it

as

was

supposed,for
it could

We

comfort,that

our

dense,it could

be

detail,and

without

dense

bromides
had

have
Our

over

under

act, under

the

; and

as

too

with

the

fog for
the

During
sheer matter
out

We

could

not

that

gave

of

and

strong for them, and

sky

chance

knew
coax

that
a

and

smudge

how

they

mark

manageable
un-

We

loved

to

out

our

were

into stronger

on

pretendthat

come

for

up

first year

our

when

flash,

it

was

plate;
thin

we

turn

under-exposed,if

they were
46

negativesshould

of the

in

the

the shadows.

over-exposedif they were

detail ; and
it up

as

exposures.

hand, have

on

greater part of

they were

plentyof

made

over

stronger developer; then they would

without

thin

were

other

inveiglingus

developerwas

we

pretty nearly

with

thin

as

can

like under-exposed
gentlefirst developer,

our

negatives,thus
and

thin

be

they did anything else.

as

on

We

stir.

Ours

both.

be

not

contrast

exposures

exposures,

for half the

was

negativecould

; that

photographic crime

everv

it

negativesstained

had

have

tions;
excep-

under-exposedplatesto

our

the other half didn't

pictureto "flash,"while

exposed.
under-

the

like

act

vanquishedby

were

for

easy

to

over-exposedplatesas

like

thin out

bery
shrub-

dense

the

of

leaves

the half-tints of the lawn.

and

or

Photography

in

Adventure

An

we

supposed

thin,but with
without

detail

The

Such

wild dream

its way

on

and

when

one-solution

it

occurred

that
first,

to us,

gone

developer,that

told

us

sad

the

scene

the

reason,
succeeds

He

entire

in

making, now

doesn't

spoilsit

he

make

in the

plates we

secured

winter

dark

plates!

occasions

makes

four

was

used

to

the

see

brow

it, it

willingthat
Our
the

first

is

the

nearest

not

Jane

gleam

be

thin.

of
an

The

wise

him

dozen

lightin

wrong

in

Can

That

we

matter

patiencefor

47

of

those
and

What
for

pray
If

about

so

feared for

side up,

any

they only
us.

am

two.

murky ignorancewas

under-exposedplatemay
action

first

perseverance

patches.

dearest?

our

of

halo, sometimes,

platesin

have

from

boxes

"

and

tive.
nega-

Generally,

on
sight particularly

much

so

should

discoverythat

rightto

and

that I almost

quality is patience!

have

more,

keeps

for the

school

I put the

our

it

good negatives.

beautiful

giftfor

ought

itself!

least half

developed weirdly

fairer

some

it

then, a reallygood

were

they

that

that

and

it,it

I admired

when

it went,

darkling first experiences,

encirclingJane's
distinctly
the

for

sent

the camera,

his

of at

room

saints.

of the

quickly

varnishing. But

despair. Out

our

with

came

repeated. For, doubtless,some

was

amateur,

in

the ruin

was

over-exposed. We

its outside

we

"

; it

us

was

how

on

develop fiftyplates!

to

it

and

"

over-exposedplate

to

developerthat

was

Mark

stoppingan

as

ruin,never

to

that revealed
had

Negative, its

have

lightin making

the
con-

increases

trast

in

the
apparently
Don't

"

short

Our

we

the

slowly and

it

to

Later

motion.

own

posed
ex-

thin,were

so

all ? " said Jane.

came

we

negativeswe

time, and yet they were

discoveryconcerned

next

exposure;

those

answered.

reckon," I

ratio.

same

under-exposedafter
"

it decreases

point,then

certain

reckon,then,that

you

so

to

up

Photography

in

Adventure

An

whole

of
painfully,

confirmed

were

of

nature

in

it

by

our

the

authorities.

expressedit

Jane

rhetorical
"

truth

well

as

You
scene

we

but

look

to

got

to

divide

have

our

present strong
have

subjectswhich
and

are

we

walls
its

concluded

take,

thingswe

she.

cannot)expect to
to

find

enchant

stupid

it into

subjectsinto

very

much

Londe, namely, "Subjects

perfectharmony

After

rugged

negativeby simple conjuringof development.

classes of M.

which

the

at

stiff,
matical,
gram-

full of

one

monotonously lighted,and

three

and

sentence,

(atleast

cannot

came

white

sentence, not

one

light,"said

the

as

brilliant
We

have

We

in

of

not

which

gradation; subjects

tone

and

contrasts

the

enough

oppositions;and
and

contrast

tion,
opposi-

consequentlyweak."
took
and

the blacksmith

road, and

its

dark,dark

dusky depths within, of

that

shop,with

little over-exposure
48

its

blazing

water-oak

sunny
would

tree

morning, we
have

had

BAD

LIGHTING.

Negative, its

The

softening,soothing effect
A

oscuro.

saved

hour

an

took

we

few

occurred

pictures,it
have

would

done

weak

scene's
And

of

number

any

it

and

illuminated

by good

book

development

the

H.

W.

Burbank.

subjects,and
did

the

this

ambitious

dreams

operator

for

to

we

of

expose

method.

read

of the

two

dozen

were

so

is

will

advance

Burton's

; and

the

Eev.

over-exposures
for tame

exposures

subjects.
increase in

months;

summer

at

the

plates.
far

along

that
To

exposures.

some

has

been

skilful

exposed

taking a picture

of

us

hope

development

recommendation

had

we

in

day

one

that.

compassionate even
in

little

possible
way,

hopelessthat

enough

it in

enormous

only unpardonable sin

first real
we

us

places

for harmonious

remedying

exposure

the

whole

the

obscure

advised

that in the surest

developerthat

Our
when

no

; the

enough
is not

time

given

negative,by

lightduring the

of

of less than

By

of the

the

found

We

Burbank

to tell

energy

discovered

expense

all

exposures

need

not

radiant
had

we

normal

exposure

have

upon

short
contradictory
subjects,

for harsh

He

shorter

came

we

sense.

Mr.

palely lighted

might

subject clearlydiscussed, and

on

After

reducer.

have

fillip.

that

was

that

us

harm,

no

would

exposure

monotonous,

to

character

then

extra

exaggerated chiaro-

putteringwith

two

or

such

on

seconds

Mark

was

made

of the tentative

put your negativeinto

suit the

proportionsto

We

tried it

have

in

case.

little

more

try it."

to

mean

increasing
continually
the

gratitudeto

and

in the method

confidence

it ;

drop by drop,changing

since,with

ever

"you

developerto try

weak

very

the alkali

then add

and
density,
the

said Jane;

strong enough put

if it is not

then

"

sensible?
perfectly

isn't it

"Why,

Photography

in

Adventure

An

first

suggester.
We

always put

the

first

place in

absolute

does

not

to

seem

there

and

was

into the trays

or

total

wooden

darkness.

holders,and
baths,we
the

Annual"

of

simplerand
off

our

Since

Before

we

put

that

1890,

less

took

obtained

from

wearing on

pinholesin

we

we

advance

fond

0.

P.

the
than

in

the

moral
to

far in

so

cloth

(a

wipe
bit of

"Photographic
find

we

nature

to

stop them

out

of

the

negative
also

off; we

Havens);

farewell
50

the

damp

bath

stiff pasteboard

All

into

them

with

camera

with

and

plates into

our

them

put

we

we

ment
develop-

holders

with

painted black.

our

advice

the

them

cover

dust
always carefully

inside of

valuable

platesfrom

covers,

before

for

the time

prepared for them,

we

times

platesby moonlight,

our

When

the

remove

developer. Then

of

in

ill effect.

no

we

comes

slipthem

gelatine.Several

affect the

the

Moonlight,however,

darkness.

obligedto put

been

have

in
plate-holder

the

plateinto

our

it

brush
wards.
after-

one-solution

developer is

Old

it is not

ours,

tends

too

to

and

little

it does

hand.

on

in the

But

good, but

any

delightfulpictureby

trays of

in

developer only

the

become

results

nate
alter-

developer proper.
the

by weakening
full

alkali,giving

the

it.

sometimes

will

and

excellent

obtained

have

We

reallythink

don't

we

of

bottle

development,using

slow

alkali

the

keep

spiritof

afraid to be without

are

we

keep

the

it in

people,who

over-exposed negative

An

do

we

for sickness

house

half-tints

the

Nevertheless, we

shadows.

the

temperance

stern

brandy

affidavit that it

make

great contrasts, to masking

always

those

photographers;

the favorite of many

being willingto

we

mussing

to

Photography

in

Adventure

An

strength of

eikonogen.
have

We

and

of

stone

foliage,one

sky

and

the

the

normal

and

normal
no

alkali

has

more

Yet

even

Where

must

truth about

whole

long

too

other

or

the merest
alkali

for the

here

the

under

by water,

with

and

has

developing agent
the

trace

than

begin

we

it is weakened

while
proportions,

the

the
scene

expose

stick

landscape,every

obtain

to

exposures

eiko

or

the

it

as

brightlylightedportions.

but
developer,
alkali

But.

it.

the

In

story about

the whole

insures

prefera slightover-exposure,

to

come

the

of

it,and

normal

the

both

it,in

over-exposed has

subject casts
exposure

in

weak

the

either

under-exposed

developer contains.
foregleams

has

been

of

advice.

deliberate,to

"*::-

The

in

contrast

more

secure

Negative,its

landscape of commonplace

a slow
development with
lighting,

the

After

time

covered

first

More

visible.

side will hint

a

often
the

add
little,

what

blocked
and

out

white

the

of

the

case

be

to

our

and

objectof

which
first,

there,the

the

lift the
and
"

little

examine
It is

details

"

"

corning,"pronounces
else but

twig yet.

am

developer,to try
fast."

boldlyto

the

now

has

black

sky

begin to

the

the

tude.
solici-

fences,

sky.

We

yellow light,

the operator;

sky visible?

How

"

nice

sky !

is the

"

age
foli-

asks the other operator.

Dense," is the

coming

it

tray, carry

in

the

it.

"Anything
?

leafage,fleecyclouds

the

requirein

to

seems

shake

shape themselves,patches of high light on

glintson

the

distinctly

We

sky.

to the next

on

return

Here

utes,
five min-

yellow lightat

with
shadowy, unreal landscape,

trees.

life and

little darkening in the upper

the
go

perhaps

picture will

only a

dawning

Presentlywe

by

peep
the

developer,and

of

way

Sometimes

one.

tray

take

help

develop

brevity of

wait

we

"

then

will

we

"

of the

length of development
and

negatives

our

account

on

restrainer

the half-tones.

bring out

have

we

several at
the

and

contrast

Mark

all

"

mournful

going
to

answer,
to

spare

right,good

paint it
the

detail.

sky

Only

it hasn't

with

put

out

concentrated

everything else
the

is

foliagesticks

Alas!

lovelysky

shall

demand

to

consulted

We
that

could

we

matic

only a

mere

printingin
From

the

skilful

two

"

one

the

of

sky

used

we

general;

and

is,all

the books

an

orthochro-

to

say

cynical,with
said

ordinaryplates. Burton
appears,

and

that

recommended

skies.

books

went

we

and

modest

superiorboy

to
our

the

and
professional

celebrated

the

acquaintance,including

photographers in Davenport,
in

Boston

establishment.

Davenport photographersfavored

his

developingthe foliageand

leavingthe sky only an

in

sad, not

were

on

tiltingthe tray, and

The

That

books.

"

answer.

They recommended

find.

trace

itselfto

photographersof

amateur

of

all the

skies

to

and

bother

plate. They

regard

"

didn't

which

"

space.

in

universe

the

mated,
ani-

ing
until it is resolv-

"

beautiful skies ?

our

save

we

of
pathetically

the universe

blacker

blank, unshaded
cloudless,

itself into
How

whiter

and

little the

by

and

blacker

grows

whiter
eventually,

means,

"

little

powerful pusher, and

more

adds

paintingand

of

works, she wearies

she

as

Photography

in

Adventure

An

intermittent

photographerwho

Scribner's Magazine about

this

One

sky by
grass,

wave.

told his

experiences

time,paintedhis

age,
foli-

under-exposedparts, in strong developer,

using a camel's-hair brush,and flowingthe brushed portions
or

any

immediately,to guard againstany

showing.
54

line of demarcation

(A

SUMMER

carbutt

SKY.

eclipse

sky.)

but
as

have, for

we

tbiii

them

negatives,
almost

gettingthem

long time,been

strong negatives. But

freelyon

found

Photography

pretty skies appearedon

first these

At

in

Adventure

An

have

we

never

negativesdeveloped very quickly,and,

on

favored

indeed,they never

until

us

used

we

the tentative

method.
We

give

We

power.

our

After

they are
with

skies every

our

tray

of

then

concerned,and

One

should

no

without

of

sensitive nature

the

"

pusher

but
recklessness,
that must

not

be

come,

its protracted
bath
foliage

of its

quick

with

all the

of

flashes of the
delicate

"

for

to

blackness

are

shoot
a

the

56

is

sort

is

owner)

spoken fair.
all is

not

lost.

"hands
Give

the

stronger developerinstead

strongest; it

but

strong

quick-temperedand

gradationsthat

ing.
paint-

the

(which

will

you

True, the sky,the charming,varied,natural

darkened

advanced

after every

If,in spiteof brushinguntil incipient

fogwarns
off,"the foliagewill

the negative

half-tones

careful,however,

likelyto
hair-trigger
explosive,
promoter

oper
devel-

ing
paintthe deep shadows, wash-

we

be

put

high lightsand

edges by rockingthe tray

even
developer,

of

the

as

We

development being

water,

the distance

develop in

we

in

carefully.

and

greenery

the skies.

harm

advantage

slowly and

but
specialdeveloper,

far
so
sufficiently

off the

paint the

out, we

that will not

in

them

develop

and

luxury

it is not

are

out

come

seeking.

sky, will
case

of

be

lost,

The

of

only

fit of

the last shrub.

quantityof

back

away

with

half-inch

sky

immediate

almost

an

lest the

had

We
window

that

reduced

the

vine

dab

After

You

it is

window

far

be

tious
cau-

to

on

any

reducing the

as

complete success.

that

and

of out-of-focus

that

result is

to

trickle down

liked, but

we

the

dead

it had

white.
of

tablecloth

the other side of the window

on

for reducing

The

have

simply a splashof

was

off

gone

tray of fresh water,

reduction.

so

our

fixing,we

Solution

brush.

interior

an

has

camel's-hair

reducing solution

high lightsgoes,

sky

sky, and neatlywash

part of the plate. But

other

The

the

from

develop

Farmer's

placethe negativein
negatives,
tilt the water

We

If the

bring it

sulks,we

small

prepare

Mark

disappearance.

temporary

negativesto
in

Negative, its

the

We
table.

appeared,and

beyond, likewise

scenery

the pattern

of the tablecloth.

Negatives

evenly reduced
a

sharply contrasted

too

water-bath,and
for

treatment

for
nieces

whom

naturallyfull
children.

We

that
tried

Jane
to

and

not

drop by drop to

good deal

I, having

experimentat

of theories
are

solution

safelyand
The

rocking the negative therein.

negative is

child.

upon

the

by adding

be

can

about

the

hampered by

besets

the

mother

like the

had

nephews

safe

distance,are

proper

the

of

57

and

trainingof

bewildered

six, who

of theories and

promisingassortment

ment
treat-

found

couragem
dishas
them

all

going

we

have

the wrong

had

like

save

its own,

character.

know

must

of the

and

must

based

on

deal

the

character

doses

it

coax

dose

rather

weaker

Often

will

watch

be

too

He
or

must

it

concentrated

narrowly,
back

forward) with

great

developerand
always

conquered by

minute

be

of

ready to give
And

sit out

the

must

more

water.

willingto

lenly,
sul-

hurry, he

of

peculiarities

picturehang

under-exposednegative,that

an

of its

the nature

mood

citrate and
is

ment
treat-

study

the

every

alkali

patiencethat
than

and
plate,

(not drive

bromide,

of

have

must

of the exposure,

of alkali ; if it is in
a

individual

an

negative,the operator

If the

densitysolution.
a

tell

treatment

any

individual

an

must

action.

restrain it with

it

tives.
nega-

heart and

my
that

have

of the

make

his

he must

book

justlyby

developer.He

adapt

the

one

To

the
subject,

the

this

on

our

negative. No, negatives are

particular

any

children,every
of

hand

my

of

she feels;

how

know

we

experiencewith

same

lay

not

confidingbuyer

would

by

the

Photography

But

way.

ranch

I could

the

in

Adventure

An

the

naughty
would

he
ing
even-

child.

be ruined

developersurprisingits crude

develop harmoniouslyif given plentyof

nature,

time and

graduallystrengtheneddeveloper.
When
a

negativehas nearlydeveloped,it

good plan (I

decide

whether

head's worth

"

say
our

said,''because

negatives,so

better than

any
58

we

is said to be

reallycannot

developed,are

of the others.

It is

one

pinof

ideal

The

pace.

in

Adventure

An

Photography

is

temperature

sixty-fiveto

from

seventy degrees.

remedied

eikonogen,

and

more,

is beautiful
it makes

to

heart swell with

your

You

pictureagain when
about

ghost

of

able

to

thou
did

cruel

us

the

How

saved

his soul

fair !

'

"

stay ; it made
and

tempt

reproachesthe
had

not

virtue

moments.

(of

one

been

But

that

to

to

the

as

many

by

the

not

its
and

for

same

come

the

will

hardly

way

eikonogen,

pale
be

has
developer,

times

have

doing, and

we

said
'

Stay,
never

beauty off

in the

unseemly

use

other, because

prolonged.

off,

all you

moment
particular

quarrel

CO

is

development):

haste to hustle
us

will

this

the

upon

You

In

other

every

it

ly
put it proud-

which

"

hypo

same.

passingmoment

art too

hypo,

of that

it the

Faust

what

gaze

superb negative!

has almost

caused

to

it out

take

you

wash

that it has taken

art,and you

expect

Out

believe

to

which

done

it !

your

of your

master

hypo.

know

atom

one

negative; it

You

pride!

the brief space "of time

become

into the

assure

well-balanced,
richlycontrasted,
Brilliant,

on
reflecting

you

bear

lift up the

You

just,

density that

all the

taken

believe them.

you

be

to

arid valued

dear

their littleinsides cannot

they need, that

easily

so

density. They

untrusty about

are

not

plates,or,

particularly
my

solemnlythat they have

you

"

Some

temperature.

as

and
developers,

some

negatives is

for

trouble

Another

the

ment
develop-

Negative, its

The

noticed in many

I have

the

when

It is not

harass him

not

all her

more.

any

skill.

does

She

nearlyruined
it is

; but

more

knack."
There

only

of

is

"knack

"

why

many

; in

pipingof chickens; and yet

overquelled.

they were

these

densitywith

much

for the

margin

trades.

horse

shrouded
of

out

fellow.

And

I have

sort, and
In

Reducing

sleeves,as the French

We
we

stillkeep the

ruined

several

try

we

in

say
to

get

as

how
too

fish stories and

seemed

of his bath

and

the

nothingfor

sure.

say, to

give

negativethat
is

first-rate

did
same

nothing
sooty

it but reducing.

It is another

pairof

intensify.

solutions
intensifying

promising young
61

nearly

ruined, in fact,come

sharp, and

and

there

is safe

that

does

looked

out

this event

Once

harmless

hardlycan

one

one

seen

came

secret

it means?

what

negativesthat

seen

clear

her

no

exaggeratingdevelopers,
leaving

that
density,

hypo

the

prints!
of the

in

them

development

I think

future,as

I have

that

is all in the

"It

acquired,the capricesof negativesbecome

the

things

disturbs

knows

teach

why

reasons

say:

about

they simply do
cannot

of words

who

magic!

after he

cook

now

much, and

as

time

does

to

name

form

Word
a

know

her dainties

will admit

soul she

good

not

happen, herself;she puts

which

student

the

trade,that stops them

the

has mastered

comes

lose their potency.

to

seem

thing that

one

any

that there

arts

for failure

causes

Mark

with

which

negatives,whose

only fault

that

was

they were

do

have

we

or

The

bromide

is to

increase

print bromides.

we

negative,for

its nature

not

the intensifier.

use

tissue

printunder

we
negative,

thin

we

do

We

intense.

not

keep the negatives. Neither

If

Photography

in

Adventure

An

paper
thin

the

loves
contrast.

Intensifyingis generallya dangerous performance,

the
fatal to
sometimes
deadly
operator, for it uses
poisons,and

it

wherefore

have

we

invariablydisappointing,

almost

is

of it.

more

no

Having developed the negative,the washing-bathis

the next

step. Some

doctrine

of increase

tender

helpfulif

bother,

will

tenacious

of

off for almost

long a

as

hypo, and

with

the

rate

until

the

grip as

from

the

the

are

made

excellence;

sure

ruined

They

child.

enough

for

hypo
an

with

all the

argument.

assert

They

appearance

The

of

be washed

that it mixes
a

prodigious

have

the

out

of

remedy, of

of

example

apparentlydense eikonogennegativesthat
the

thing

should

developingat

on

portionat
pro-

developer is nearly as

hypo, and

time.

in

developed negative comes

perfectly

a
fixing-bath

of the

goes

that

only be

can

it that

have
its

it

the

to

a
being necessarily

photographicconsciences
be

must

of trouble

increase
disproportionate,

or

hold

people who

of those

emerge

ment,
over-developcourse,

is

limited
un-

washing.
Jane, who
looked

on

is
this

naturally
painstakingand
theory with
G2

favor.

But

conscientious,
after

had

Negative, its

The

developeda

with

trouble

no

dozen

or

so

of

them

merely rinsed
leak

was

As
Now

this is done

before

soda.

about

that

to

occur

with

negativesoff

potassium.

that

history,and
At

first

solution of
were

the

in

running water,

fixed in

by

hypo

bath

iced the

came,

the

An

but

tray

bath

alum

and

of

bath

It did

alone.

of

on

washing

formula

for
of

the

We

have

written

dip

to

Then

we

We

rated
simple satu-

followed.

well

iced the

Then

enough

the

hypo
to

us

came

to

until the

and
"frill,"

glassentirely.
; but

ice is not

ice the

head
hogs-

Carbutt's

upon

found

and

it in the

dark

professional photographer

Davenport, already mentioned.

results.

platesbegan

our

fixingbath.
amiable

be

regardingalum,

for
plantation

water.

hyposulphite

tragediesof cyanide of

the evil reports

we
developer,

enough
plentiful

good

in

the writer

signs of intendingto slipoff

to show

room

experience.

our

chapter might

used

we

hypo.

scared

weather

warm

of

that there

me

they have generallysoaked

I suppose

ancient

used

had

cases

statelytheory.

were
fixingmethods, especially

into

We

did

negativeswashed, they are

Our

we

in

all the

for twenty minutes.

of water

of

the

in

potash

perfunctoryhaste

compromised

we

rinse

we

the

of

carbonate

soda, and

face,it

somewhere

usual,

I used

off with

washing its own

child

found

eikonogen negatives and

density if

instead of carbonate

Mark

used
63

He
it

ever

had

used

since.

in

it with

It will be

found

tried and

Some

is

be

in

trusted

film

to

acid

sulphitebath, also.

plateof

clear the

weaker

And
also

and, indeed,
its

smooth

little to

"

the

used

have

seems

bath, it

which

choose

dry

the

rag, and

little

dry

them

we

dry

When

half-inch camel's-hair
absorbent

brush

the

go,

in
properly,

times

the
we

in

it out

off

rinse

before

we

washing-barrel.

take

it out.

delight to

glassside

on

take

we

several

of the

We

collect

on

plate,with

negative side,with

in the first

placea negativethat

it should

adhered

place,and

with

later.

cotton
we

will

for fifteen if

advantageto

our

water

the

them

which

impetuous temperament,

an

globulesthat
on

good thing

have

may

twenty minutes,or

repeat the operationwhen

we

is

running water,

negative-boxunder

the

glass. We

way

in

find it to

we
solution,

it in

Then

There

solution.

hypo

negativein running

put

is of

one

or

presses,

fresh and

the

We

water.

sediment

any

to fix for

then

it,and

of this

amateurs

It deserves

books.

the

warm

negativeoff

the

wash

time

also ;

the Seeds

the first hypo

fixingin

After

to

chapter.

the two.

between

to

given for

tough, glassy,and

film

giving a
popularity,

of this

end

thing.

given in

favorite often

the

will be

is
fixing-bath

Carbutt

The

of

kind

Photography

at

formulae

true

that

wish

who

formulae

the

among

in

Adventure

An

and

the

ought to

has been

know

how

frame,upon
printing
64

trained in the
to

demean

the rack

to

self
it-

dry.

I would

not

don't,and

have

it understood

with

again,find
and

Many
have
lost

make

hold

'Take

made

read

holding it
without

level

as

back
the

keep
drained
the

the

with

but

not

It should

never

thing

of

the

has

so

the

plate. This

on

hopelessly

low, awestruck

previouslybeen
scrub

All

world),'and

varnish.

65

quickly

as

Lower,

in

thus impartplate,
ing

Flow
is

the

should

varnish

the

important. Then
do

but
bottle,

varnish

motion

the varnish

the

tine
gela-

quite deliberately,

slow,rocking

slowlythat

been

the

in

into the

while

ridges.
fall

if
rarely,

if to

of the

corners

surplusvarnish

of

will

firm,true hand,

pool

off; give it

ing
varnish-

varnishing.

possible,
pour

as

plate motionless

formation

for

undulatory motion.

over
evenlyentirely

pour

easiest

small

of

kind

(he speaks as

of the four

turn, each

in

which
plate,

'

stoppingand

a
possible,

our

ing.
varnishover-indulgent

or

the directions

the

is to

advise

reader

happy,has

together as,

of the

were

the

mistaken

clean
perfectly
film

books

speak of

can

we

pages.

home

shivered

them, if

take
do.

we

the

to

always take

we

negativethat might (as a print)

by negligentor

voice,Jane
"

these

many

helped to
We

all

confidence

on

that

ought

we

negative. And

the

method
ever

that

thing

Mark

sorry when

never

are

we

next

varnish

as

Negative, its

precautions
; but

all these

The

The

be
has

is

not

being

to

prevent

done

ately,
deliber-

time to

platein drops,but

in

dry.
an

and

even

"

when
the

this

plate"
"

bath

what

to

adopted

Mr.

for
.

too!"

Wilson

lessness
"In
"

He

said
'

says

expended

But

man.

method

I have

when

spiritvarnish.'
It

to

seems

the first

in
negative,

dry

coat

to

times

Two

of

varnishingis

me

All

dismally.

the labor and

negativemay

all the art

thus far

be sacrificed

by

heed-

"

in

varnishing.'
it

case

our

says

And

be heated

at

in the

take

undoubtedly would
varnishes

some

manage.

might

the

the partner,

the

upon

and
application

up

it

upon

of all ! "

hardest

"

borne

'The

varnish,and

risky proceeding!

"Me

improved hypo

like the other

ordinary hard

it with

films off

peel the

and
past is simple,efficient,

dilute amber

place with

heat

"

be

does:

it :

negative'

our

can

It is to flood
.

the

used

he does

time

reliable.

that

to

we

England

some

enough

hand

the

pain.' Then

without
listen

before

was

'until

"heat

"

is almost

weather

the

the

our

about

says

heat

method

convenient

any

dry.'

of

one

up

Wilson

is what

allow

not

before it is

added, taking

here

guides,

Do

undulatingstream.

here," Jane

trustiest

Photography

dust to strike the varnish

of
particle

'By

time

all the

"And

in

Adventure

An

for their

the

fire
"

to

time.

same

chest with

requireheat

drying;

it will have

be," said

dry
We

and

should

spiritlamp, and

it could!"
66

both

heat is

without

I.

any
have

for their
hard

so

to

dust and
to

the whole

shut it

thing

not

the

even

trial of

"

in the

first

saw

the account
six

fell upon

it at

"Let

try

us

us

experimenterof
haven't

We

"

bring us

an

The
to

swamp

box, and

in the

of

one

aloud.
description

read the

evening,"cried

this

one

the

we

tograph
anxiouslyexpectedpho-

was

She

once.

that

for 1890

reckless

the

the firm.
any

developer made

oxalate

it

up," said

particularly
says

we

that"

"

anyhow,

let

that made
the iron ;
that

this

of

:
impressively

known

our

generous

"

'

And

of bromide

ferrous

oxalate

the very

finest

of

we

friend,it

mixture

the

have
we

light-

answer;

easy

plentyof
try with

can

for those mill

direct answer,

mixture?
light-defying

word

work,

in the

negatives

to-day,anyhow."

deigning any

read aloud

much

care

taken

have

we

Not

don't

we

the

try with eikonogen,we

If it shouldn't

up.

difference

was
developers,"

of
us

is any

there

think

don't

defying powers

and

the better influence

what
hear
is

is the
you

say.

oothingbut

iron and

developer
"

plate.'
68

nature

of

On

the

that

well-

potash,known

developeryielding

negatives,stainingneither

"

nor

"

through

"

Annual

"

"

need

as

to

influence, and
restraining

the

"

toiled

had

The

box.

use.

Higgins'sdiscoveries.

of Dr.

oxen

railwaystation

the

be of

made

have

to

seem

PhotographicAnnual

was

and

Boston,

experiencemay

It

wagon

in

superiorboy

it,our

Photography

in

Adventure

An

the hands

Negative, its

The

She

"

added,

It

done

was

Mark

iron

the

by

developerand

gaslight."
to-nightby

be done

rash

cheerful

Very well,"repliedthe

"

it will

"

one,

eikonogen developerand

the

sene
kero-

lamp."
Do

"

justplunge into

will you

I shall follow the

''

to

as

the

lose

platemust

do

developer will
tell

how

me

in
dark

the

has

Jane

do

tell Jim

to

argument.

"

right, any

If I

am

develop

to

wrong,

our

tives
nega-

light seeping into

"

soul ;

Well,

to

They

interested
be

were

article about

by

the

put

something that
"

platesbeforehand?
have

development

am

other.

is,that

our

she

I don't

could

not

much

care

"

I'll

the barrel full."

pump

isn't there

much

"

it does?"

way

last

If

manage

the

at it

said she, pleasantly

spoilthese negatives,"
;

"But

as

we

any

look

after the

candid, reasonable

gainsay the
we

do

way

secret.
as

Or

Jane, except
implicitly,

The

daylight,with

the

room

well

all ?

at

lightdevelopment?

sensitiveness

as

ever

directions

directions

is the

that

the

white

developer.

the iron

begins, and

if

follow

to

want

you

said Madonna,
in

into

our

the

new

be done

must

anxiously
"

toy

as

we;

put in that way," said Jane

platesbeing fogged
red

and
light,

'

in
plate-holder

we

before

determined

she

was

"don't

they

total

ness'?"
dark-

"

the

to

we

read

they were
to

put

an

posed,
ex-

ours

Adventure

in

light. I

think

An

in without

any

got

will

fog

will show

they

or
light,

white

the

readilywith

just as

they

matter,

not

of them

two

or

one

it will

side out; but

wrong

Photography

they haven't fogged."

That

its lambent

glow

door.

wick, and

them

said

The

their way

Jane

to

"

prepareda tray

solution of
of

chance

huge spot

removed

from

the

absolute

darkness

the

with

; after

with

over

does, to
the

it

slide

and

one

her

break

it

cover

lighted. Jane

who

"

"

minutes,'

'

Let

The

light

be

tray it

is
a

this

the tray.

as

book

the

plateremain

she read.
70

the

as

rubbed

she

it is

it

always
now

in

well behave.

The

the

in

fore
Be-

brushed

was

negative that
may

tray

nameless.

something

and

no

negativewas

tray the operator

placed on
from

shall

the

can't get out

read

Higgins'ssuccess.
three

gentlyto

was

to

moon

slippedinto

finger,which

developerand
black

in the

was

alone,our

negative and give

in the air.

putting the plateinto

usual

lamp-

experiment

were

gibbous

the

enough developer(a feeble

cover

out

by

the

sure

an

festival."

eikonogen)to
a

of

the shadows

scientists

having taken

randa
ve-

crossed
figures

dark

with
difficulty
felt

three

east

our

soughed through

had

somehow

she

succeed.

on

wind

the

within,Jane

retainers

black

filled

moon

disappearedin

and

Without,

leafless trees;

wouldn't

gibbous

unearthlyradiance,three

with

open

the

night,as

lamp

account

was

of Dr.

for two

or

The

It is almost

"

Mark

five !" cried Madonna

reallygrowing

am

minutes

Five

"

Negative, its

read

Jane

with

"

desire for the

I

'

You

the

clock,"said

can

I.

lift the

now

and

cover

examine

that is all that you

one

"

purpose.'

going

am

look

somebody

excited."

fairlystrong white light;

"

by

"

look,"said the discouragerof

to

tancy,
hesi-

boldly.
"

It will be

privacyof

sacred

the

was

Is it a

caustic

each

other

blooming negative?

use

down

three

I lifted

spine,as

my

tinct
dis-

Is it

Jane

"

fogged?

We

wiped

"

the

of alkali.

which

slightly

had

half the

hazarded

strength.

the

five

started;

was

the

that

way

negative.
the solution and

strengthof

another

Another

out

that

developernow

touch

hasn't

enough."

strengthof

The

eikonogen and
We

Jane, with

firmly,"it

suggested that perhaps

increased

trace

said

said Madonna.

be strong

lightacted

white

"

accent.

developercan't

in

less than

No

"Neither," I answered

the

ourselves

in

"

cover.

"

"

allow

we

moment.
thrilling

thrills chased

the

home

Jane

dialect of the country.

of the
It

I reckon," said
plumb spoiled,

contained

the normal

added
a

tion
solu-

developer

of alkali.

platein
minutes
71

solution of the

passed;

no

mark

same

on

looked

we

uttered

at

remind

of

Jane

me

was

the

originalexperiment was

she

said

maybe

and
over-exposed,

been

be

out,

without
strongly,
delicately,

with

our

kerosene

the

in

lamp

preciselyas
non-actinic
the

least.

examined

with

interior,on

have

have

We

It

was

taken

then

since

coming

was

fog.

said

Madonna,

former
on

further

it

by

Carbutt

not

it

usual

injuredin
white-

developedmany

eikonogen,hydroappear
kitchen

white-lightnegative.

Eclipse plate,the

plates. We
72

of the

the

security. The

is

arrests

fine, treated

pyrocatechin.They

page,

sensitive of the Carbutt

in

was

tried pyro,

and
equal facility
a

"

had
had

it in front

treated

have

quinone,eiko-hydro,and
work

held

photographiclight. It
We

that

negative freely,

and,

necessary,

should

we

the

deep shadow,

when

lightnegatives.

to

hint of

development without

We

hopes.

painted it

strong.

relief.

finished the

We
to

sigh of

developer!

the

been

have

It must

"

lo ! it

vigorous;

dared

very

too

was

not

iron

with

which, therefore,we

with

not

to

did

one
negative,

other

the

examined

the solution

palpably

she

that

considerate

so

tray

spectator

was

that

developer;
we

the

it

dismay;

the

minutes

three

or

and
speculation,

later

our

In two

tray.

exclamation

an

fogged.

Then

first

touching the

the

developerin

puttinga nearlynormal
developer,
but not

strengthof

the

increased

plate. We

last white

the

Photography

in

Adventure

An

have

most

developedin-

The

stantaneous

certain

As

reader

the

which

negatives,I

have

have

both

instantaneous

plate be

and

'Annual,'

plate-boxes,the

"The

rare

cause

our

orange

light,and quite

to

up

the

insertion

for

of

to

the

'

for immersion

in the

of course,

'

Novitiate

the

that

and

to

personallysee

must

plates into

thing
some-

plate-holdersis

and

camera

plates

exposures

development,

granted.' Next,

the

of

of

of

use

The
the

of

foggy plate is

individual

advice

kind.

any

demand,

time

Times

thousands

even

given, making

to have
results

each

my

to

up

for

at least five years,

attainable, and

and

perfection

in

For

"

light of

Such

Higgins'sword

the

in

your
of

opening

holders

and
be

developer, must

ceding
prethe

their
ness
dark-

in

darkness.

having

plate now

light,except

only fog

timed,

'nothing

therefrom
total

an

"Photographic

here

course

sensitive

known.

himself, taking, as

removal

the

requisites.This

the

to
plates,

by

Dr.

the

developed

most

absolute

have

non-actinic

uninjured

this,
of

have

nor

never

have

to

not

may

pursued

been

I have

white

give his description:

I

the

used

secure

time

dark-room

neither

no

be interested

may

hand,

at

developersnamed,

habituallywork

equivalentto

experiments,and

during

"

least

at

illuminatingpower.*

in

Almanac"

to

We

is almost

equal

own

one

With

sensitive

most

your

knowledge.

light,that

the

the

platesby

results.

same

of the different

safelytrust

may

you

his

orthochromatic

the

mixtures

oxalate,and

with

and

Mark

ferrous
developers,
pjro, eiko,hydro, pyrocatechin,

five

its

and

exposures

method

same

Negative, its

from

occurrence

is either

incident

that

having
"

or

in the

seen

been

from

so

the

I presume,

(the word,
upon
sent

exposure
out

by

the

development.

composition

of the

to view

is
or

pardonable)
object,can

manufacturer
In

the

developer, or

latter
from

"

case,

the

very
the

light

An

Our

which

secured

any

I knew

why

than

do

why they
For

now.

and
plates,

orthochromatic

them

manipulating

than

use

that

your

of in the

filled out

manipulating their

to

cover

slide

motions

three

in

the

the

removal

absolute

fairlystrong

will

white

light, until

more

satisfied

time

than

succeeding plate in
negative
and

not

is
of

five

that
or

one

the

the

creation

chance

more

that

minutes

for

examine

as
(i.e.,

goes), for it is of 'the things that

far
are

74

own
as

seen

for

ferrous

or
a

the
posure
ex-

oxalate
of

amount

is finished.
will

normal,

ably
require consideras

developing solution.
of your

two

(a normal

more

for

exposure
been

tray.

with

desire

re-examine, iisingany

has

rocking

the

remain

you

holder

its entire

over

and

cover

or

the

evenly over
cover

less

nor

several

plate

development

that

will be sufficient

once

film

minutes

insufficient

same

the

is all

fifteen

then, having

plate from

at

let the

that

nata, and

re

it,and

deep, neither
your

lift the

now

about

instantaneous

"An

and

for, say,

pro

of

air-bubbles, and

light,one

average

development),

your

can

Re-cover

purpose.

of

posed-tosup-

first make

our

quantity as

remove

wetting

darkness,

You

minutes.

asked

developer,giving

to insure

tray

in

certain,therefore,db initio,

inch

an

good reasons),

into

to the

far

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can

more

no

think

developing tray such

are

it

surface, and
So

all that

plateone-eighth of

your

(forthis there
and

Make

into your

bother

in

development.

developer is

using Carbutt's

have

more

slightest

we

brothers.
made

the

us

been

have

we

year

give

not

don't,any

we

trulywish

them.

; but

many

before

box

of action with

spoiledso

we

orthochromatic

was

spoiled about

we

freedom

I know

trouble

Photography

developing sensation

next

plates,of

in

Adventure

personal
the

matter

and

not

also

By

will

this

skill

and

each

method

ment,
judg-

of

development

of

the unseen.'"''

The

but
Carbutt's,

not

was

of

blame

Negative, its

failure

our

used

too

strong

then,in

Red

only red fog.

inclined

am

solution

of

claim

for

half-tints.

tried

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the

glass. The
curls and
is

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must

glass(ittakes
and
to

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damp,

holes; at

damp,
The
of
we

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or

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the Harvard

all that

mirable
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stick to

with

glvcerine(which
same), and

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it

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plateof

late),
plate of glass immacu-

of

films,having been exposed

broke

in

them
or

out

perfectsmallpox of pinand

pinholescame,

to

for

the

sentiments

our

cause
gifted plate-maker,

We

damp.

do

not

ever

advised

to

know

stick to

follow the advice?

lists
through the advertising

Cramer
and

of

what

when.

he

plates. Does
tried

shall

we

all the

under

beginneris always

wandered

do

not

large

easilydeveloped,but
out

make

admiration

to ascribe

is

nuisance

to

obtain in

entire box

least the

and

esteem
us

one

time

secured

so

in interiors.

films ; but

obligedto print it

were

density,

secure

in
satisfactory
particularly

smoothed
a

the

exposed
over-

they certainly
give

work

film

matter, but

small

celluloid

celluloid

but

are

do good
and the}'
portraits,

we

eikonogen,and
platesmay

them,

They

think

to

did
certainly

fog we

shift

facturer's
platemanu-

effort to

an

quantities.Orthochromatic
enthusiasts

disposedto

not

am

that unremembered

on

shoulders.

them, and

Mark

and

the

the Seeds.
75

one

We
from

make

didn't;
C to S.

Carbutt, the Eagle and

For

have
we
brilliancy,

than

fool of himself

plate than
two

its

on

avoid

The

babes.

They give

contrast.

far less apt to

are

Sens. 23

skill will

They

He

ing
long-suffer-

the

of

cause
be-

gloom

photographersto

26, Cramer's
food

not

plates all

tend

50, and

for
to

graphic
photo-

increase

generously,they

more

astray in development; the

better

can

ure,
kindly creat-

out

new

are

half-tints

go

produce a

is

But

beg

slow

littledifference

to make

tolerant.

Eclipse!

Carbutt

that

B.

make

the market.

rapid plates,Seeds

all the

Carbutt

photographer to

seem

Seeds

patience. The

For

plate I know, simply

tragicexperience we

the

slow

any

too, gentle and

of

plates.

nearlyon

more

three seconds

or

Seed

platein

any

right exposure

hit the

to

for the

leeway

gives more

the

are

unqualifiedly
praisethe

should

beginner,I
It

softness

and

half-tones

Photography

unequalled,but equallysuperiorin

Carbutt

the

found

in

Adventure

An

pictureout

of them

same

than

out

of the others.
As

for

we
developers,

of the

the formulae
of

platescomes

Eagle, or
eiko-c

emulsion

little

Eastman

Nevertheless

making

up

we
our

have
own

With

with

the

The

paper.

sometimes

as

as

of

the

use

box
the

Carbutt,
Carbutt

neat,

developercan

fancied

developersfrom

to

every
use

developer is

convenient

76

it pays

the best

librarycomes

plates and

as

that

makers.

urn-hydro,two-solution

and
satisfactory,

found

printedguide to

plates. Quite

have

as

be.

advantagesin
drugs.

We

The

had

of

season

but

water;

Negative, its

adversitystrugglingto get distilled

found

we

Southern
thriftless,
effectual,

solution of the riddle.

We

make

the

negativeson

use

it

it.

Indeed, we

have

band,

littleold

will show

beginningof

honored

pyro.

platesif

you

dared

that
hands

our

Then

could

we

in latei*

steeds of

be

were

when
life,

we

daintier virtues of

It will

be

any

we

mortal

reignof

us

recommended

follow

Annual"

by

an

spent

fiery

that it lacked

found
For

the

with

clear conscience.

the

(whose

the

quinone
beginnerhydro-

contrast

was

my

happy

example given
77

praise,

our

manage

Eikonogen

Burton

it

refuse

to

negativeswith

make

to

developer can.

to

we

tyro, hydroquinone.

could

hydroquinone Jane's, until

struck

pyro

if

work

not

the studio in scrubbing

we

eikonogen.

him

enable

made
home-

manufacturer

it would

the

developersbetter,we

can

as

tried the time-

we

from

spare

blessingof

Ungrateful should
because

the

use

the

came

the

wise
like-

dirty,it fogged the

push it,and

to

can

that is the test

slow,it was

was

pushed ! During

not

the time

It

one

first trials of

adventure

our

unless

with

materials and

developerfrom

done

are

it is better to

littledifference;it is time

the

it was

dawn,

developeras possible.The

developerand
At

and

once

purityof

of the

as

enough developerfor

opinion that

unblemished

freshness

of the

are

the most

Mark

in the

book

on

if

ite,
favor-

thought
graphic
"Photo-

printing

been

has

We

went

of

unsurpasseddetail

the

doing

my

to

"

not

few

the

experiment,and

for

that

of
spoiled),

might

we

We

not

developed
edge of

the

on

summon

courage
We

pyro.

did,

light; being negatives

in composition
uninteresting

regret their fate if they were

not

beautiful

they were

course

negatives. They

uncertain

white

by

about

up

class.

could

Jane

with

none

was

good
they particularly

were

the great middle

again

however, try

(inorder

mixed

Jane

developedtwo

entire time.

venture

taken

and

of

contrast

tell why, it

can

two

eikonogen.

shaking hearts,for they were

with

fog the

to

pyro;

neither

poor,

they belonged to
them

alone

the stuff and

gallonof
were

Jane

back"

of

the

mix

to

acquiring the densityand

together,thus
and

Photography

guide), and

constant

our

hydro

in

Adventure

An

specimensof

their

kind.
The
in

respects is the

some

quickly,and

very
a

developer,pyrocatechinor

new

brown

pyro

to

fog or

needs

choice

and

we

It

under

found

soon

with

It works

better than

have

to

seems

no

tion
inclina-

protracteddevelopment,and

it for

our

developerand

putting up
the best

are

negativeprints even

negative.
stain

desirable of all.

most

little alkali.

very

But

the

brenz-catechin,

with
one

stick to

them,
may.

good
particularly

with

advantageto

as

it,findingits

wives

instantaneous

our

faults

of their

say

Eikonogen
78

make

and

bands,
hus-

pyrocatechin

pictures.

then

alkali,and

tion of

But

constitution.

give

draw

its best.

Out

plate,which

achieve

to

small

fogs at

reconcile

must

and

doses

the sensitive
a

negative

one's reward

we

the instanti-

The

We

And

somehow

we

give

to

often

can

negatives at
On

alarming
coaxing
receives

one

And, owing

once,

the

preferthe mild, persuasive method

the

pass
com-

the alkali in

hour

an

sometimes

result.

hands.

to

problems,the

two

only way

are

class ; but

our

humoring

gradually,thereby not

in the excellent

developingseveral

negative,

alkali,and the sensitive

is
reconciliation,

this

ing
bewilder-

every

of alkali.

excess

the two.

very

hang heavily on

the

calls for

any

emulsion.
of

have

You

under-exposure,which

you

directions ;

considered,requiresindividual

be

different

strain the tender-

to

under-exposednegative,as

especially
every
ety may

two

the other ; both

to

not

tions,
solu-

in two

superfluousand

it is

cast-iron

any

in
alkali,
one

warranted
solutions,

being weak

to

of

one

negativefrom

travs, shiftingour

est

Photography

developed slowly

eikonogen and

of

one

in

Adventure

An

time

to

does

our

riot

whole, therefore,
rather than

the

forcingof strong developer.

As

reader

some

know

our

Seed

and

have

Carbutt
can

and
be

Cramer

obtained

perfectly
trustworthy. So
sold

the

curiosityto

development formulae,I append

and
plates,
are

may

by

the several

formulas all

by

any

are

firms named.

the

come

care

few.

to

The

with the

purchaser. They
made-up developers

The

Negative, its

ferrous

good

Mark

good eiko,and

oxalate,a

hydro developerare

given below, also

catechin

I cannot

developer.
help

to

and

hands

any

providinghim

with

Sulphite of

sodium

using

EIKONOGEN

Thoroughly dissolve,then

ounces.

45

ounces.

add

No.

ounce.

ounces.

15

ounces.

2.

crystals

(or carbonate

of

potassium,1J ounce.)

Water

develop take

If

Bounces.

No.

each

time

The

2.

little of

to above

required,increase
be
developer can

each

proportions.

take

once,

is

contrast

of No.

more

of

No.

more

by

Eikonogen,

To

of pyro,

1.

(crystals)

sodium

science
con-

my

DEVELOPER.

water

Carbonate

pyro-

formula.
plausible-sounding

No.

Hot

the

nice, white

with

amateur

young

TRUSTY

of

gem

reconcile it with

trustingheart, to

good

of

ounces

of fresh
For

No.

the amount

developing
1 ;

Nos.
number
of

ounces

of No.

1 ; if

less,

repeatedly* by adding

used

solutions

ounce.

No.

1 and
of

2, according

negatives at

2, and

12

water

ounces.

With

this

developerwe

good negative.
*

But

do

we

not

to obtain

density at

you

save

may

dollar

and

It works

better,we

recommend

using

the expense

dime's

worth

of

of the

old

find,with
developer.

the

You

81

potas-

are

purityof your shadows.

developer and ruin half a dozen

quarter plates.

(6)

expect anything but

never

likely
And
of

No.

of half

We

with

start

EIKONOGEN

GOOD

DEVELOPER.

"

"

CHAUTAUQUA

A.

IN

EIKONOGEN

WITH

DEVELOPER,

128

Eikonogen

"

Dissolve

in

of sodium

take 3

exposures

intensityadd
potassium.

''CHAUTAUQUA"

1"

few

of

drops

Eikonogen
Crystallizedsulphiteof
in 8

of hot

ounces

and

10 per

ounces.

solution

(In

dilute

use

10 per

cent,

GEN.
No.

solution, for

work.)

sodium

gr.

l"
and

add

ounce.

carbonate

of

1.

with

equal

an

solution

BROWN'S

of bromide

TREASURED

Sulphite of

"

bulk

soda

of
of

water, and

add

potassium

HYDROQUINONE

(pure crystals)

2.

"

Saturated

Developer :
to

240

solution

hydroquinone
of

carbonate

two

drams

; No.

developerwas

the

joy of

four

This

No.

add

1,

few

drops

DEVELOPER.

Dissolve, and
No.

potassium.

Water

As

mote
pro-

grains.

For

up

To

of bromide

one

120

water

ounce.

part of B.

cent,

EIKONOGEN.

WITH

DEVELOPER

parts of

instantaneous

120

ounces.

10

normal

Dissolve

ounce.

16

Water
For

gr.

water

warm

Crystallizedcarbonate

B."

SOLUTIONS.

TWO

Crystallized
sulphiteof sodium

of

gradually

it alkaline.

make

of

solution

water, and

half

and

solution

Photography

the sodium.

with

than

siurn

in

Adventure

An

2,

one

grains.
ounces.

60
of

grains.

soda.

dram

; water

to

make

ounces.

brilliant developerit has

Jane
no

for

many

superior.

months.

Negative, its

The

"

CHAUTAUQUA

"

DEVELOPER,

A.

HYDROQUINONE,

WITH

DRY

Mark

PLATES.
120

Hydroquinone
Sulphite of sodium, granulated

"

"

grains.

ounce.

of potassium
Meta-bisulphite

30

grains.

Water

16

ounces.

Carbonate

V).

GELATINE

FOR

\\

potassium

Water

16

DEVELOPER

FERROUS-OXALATE

GELATINE

FOR

ounce.
ounces.

DRY

PLATES

(DR.

EDER'S).
A.

oxalate

Neutral

"

Distilled

Proto

B."

oxalic

sulphate

Distilled

Distilled

800

C.c.

100

Gm.

300

C.c.

acid.
of

iron, crystals

5 minims.

2 Gm.

of sodium

take

three
with

To

of

volumes
a

less of the

portionsas required.

few

iron

drops
solution

of

C.

and

add

gradually
use

C.

1.

Water

3
15

Pyro-catechin
SOLUTION

3 drams.

oz.

grains.

2.
1\

potassium

Water

This

volume

one

DEVELOPER.

SOLUTION

of

with

give the negativebody,

PYRO-CATECHIN

Carbonate

C.c.

200

water

over-exposure

C.c.

100

immediately before use

B, and develop. Restrain

in small

10 Gm.

water

Mix

For

Gin.

water

Hyposulphite

"

Distilled

of

200

Sulphuric acid
Bromide
of potassium

C."

D.

water

with

Acidulate

potassium

simplestof developersworks
83

like

ounce.

16

ounces.

charm.

Photography

in

Adventure

An

DEVELOPER,

PARAMIDOPHENOL

GIANT.

THE

OR,

1,000 C.e.

Water

120 grams.

sulphite

Sodium

40 grams.

carbonate

Potassium

4 grams.

Paramidophenol
MIXED

BURTON'S

EIKO

HYDRO

AND

DEVELOPER.
4

parts.

12

parts.

Hydroquinone
Sulphite
A

of

soda
solution

saturated

Water

DR.

10 per cent.
200

HIGGINS'S

1000

IDOL,

OR,

GEN.

BROWN'S

IMPROVED

Dissolve

filter ; when

and

Tartaric

OXALATE.
ounces.

16

(hot)

parts.
parts.

FERROUS

sulphate

Water

parts.

25

(in crystals)

to

up

Ferrous

soda

of

eikonogen in

soda

sulphiteof
Carbonate

of

ounces.

cool, add

acid

5 drams.
"

"

be used
copperas,"or
even,
green vitriol
may
be prepared by the gallon,if
select clear crystals. It may
if we
and if kept in the lightand exposed occasionallyto the sunshine,
necessary,
it will always remain
a clear, bright-green,limpid liquid.
The

commercial

Thus

"

prepared,and

usuallydirected
be added

added

(though by

without

to the

neutral

cautious

oxalate

additions

much

it will give you

precipitate),

stock

solution
iron

more

as

may

developer infinitely

gelatineplate than the alkaline pyro in any form,

and
only equalled,according to my competitive experiments, by a
it far excels
in
properly prepared hydroquinone developer, which
rapidity.

better suited

But,

as

to the

developersis

have
a

say, of eiko and

"

favorite

said,our

mixtery,"as

the

among

the old negro

cooks

hydro,prepared accordingto

formula,which
Eiko-curn-hydro
84

goes

with

older
would

Carbutt's

all his

plates.

The

We

reader

quart

ounces

Metric

Troy Weight.

English Measures"

identical
see

may

Weights

for

ounce

ounces

Sulphite

Chrome

Dissolve

and

Measures.

1 litre.

of sodium

120 grams.

crystals

add

Sulphuric acid

and

Water

being dissolved

15

this into

pour

pounds Hyposulphite

quarts Water

c.c.m.

90 grams.

alum, powdered

This

is almost

by comparing them.

himself

After

the

given below, as

bath

the

Mark

also,his fixingbath, which

use,

with

Negative, its

solution

of

of soda

1 kilo.
3 litre.

clear
following advantages : it remains
after frequent use
not discolor the negatives,and forms
: it does
no
them.
It also hardens
the gelatineto such a degree
precipitate
upon
that the negativescan
be washed
in warm
water, provided they have
been

bath

left in the

to remain

upon

fresh

bath

have

freedom

sufficient time.
five to ten

been

The

plate should

minutes

after

The

permanency

dissolved.

be allowed
of silver

the bromide
of the

negative
stain,as well as the hardening of the film, depends
Wooden
of plates,
boxes, with grooves to hold a number
both convenient
the
and economical
for fixing. When
weakened
be replacedby a
by constant
use, it should
from

this.

will be found
bath

the

in the bath
to

appears
and

combines

becomes

solution.
*

CARBUTT'S

NEW

ACID

FIXING

AND

Hyposulphite of sodium
Sulphite of sodium crystals
Sulphuric acid
Chrome

Warm
Dissolve

and

64

hyposulphiteof
in 6

to the

ounces

pour

of

ounces.

1 fluid dram.
1

of water, and
add

ounces.

water

of sodium
ounces

16

alum

the

BATH.

CLEARING

sodium

in 48

water;

mix

slowly

into

hyposulphite;then
85

the

dissolve

ounces.

phite
of water, the sul-

ounces

the

ounce.

sulphuric acid

sulphitesodium
the

chrome

with

solution,
alum

in 8

An

of

ounces

both

the

water, and

clears

remain

the

of

solution,and

of

discolor

will not

shadows

two

of

appearance
less than
the

the

up

bulk

the

to

Photography

until

negative

after

and

bath

the

long

hardens

and

usage,
the

is

film

at

of

all

time.

same

Let

add

fixingbath

This

ready.

in

Adventure

half

minutes

silver bromide.

hour,

an

with

surface

three

or

wad

Then

to free

from

of cotton
,

And

here

BELITSKI'S

three

are

after
wash

in

trace

any

of

hypo

to

ferric oxaiate

Crystallizedneutral
Powdered

oxalic

solution

sulphite of

salt is reduced

made

30

in

this

under

as

ferrous, the

to

drams.

2
45

to

gr.

1"

bottles; and

tightlyclosed

sodium

acid, from

be

must

ounces.

2" drams.

of soda

Hyposulphite

taneously.
spon-

PLATES.

Potassium

dry

GELATINE

FOR

Swab

solution.

good reducing formulae

REDUCER

for not

water

rack

Water

The

cleared

running

place in

rinse, and

FERRI-OXALATK

ACID

negative is

ounce.

order, filtered,and

the

influence

of
be

preparation must

be

kept

light the

in

ferric

in subdued

kept

light.
REDUCER

PLATE

NEGATIVES

ferricyanideof potassium

Sat. sol. of

Hyposulphite

of sodium

REDUCER
Perchloride
Citric

DRY

GELATINE

FOR

of

FOR

solution, 1
GELATINE

in 10

DRY

10

iron

any.

parts.

30 gr.

acid

60 gr.
1

do

not

this
intensify
as

part.

PLATES.

Water

We

(FARMER'S).

believe
formula

in

but
intensifying,

will

hurt

your

pint.

if you

negative as

must

little

CHAPTER

PRINTING

"

is the
we

kinds

choice
the

Let

would

frame,

he

does

as

in

not

amateur,
a

no

not

like

risk

him

who

everything

lastly,

but
the

without

confess
half

would

we

dozen

suggest

concession

begin

to

single

may

washing

blue

on

fixing;

make

his

season.

to

and

on

would

with
I

less
un-

paper,

of

which

marriage,

it

ghostly platinotype,

printing,
and

as

paper

fussy toning

best

courtship.

time.

same

recommend

bromide

throughout;

the

allowed

be

light nature,

the

the

one

one

know

to

messing

were

as

we

as

phrase,

plate,

one

now

people

are

irrevocable

We
at

are

developer,

of

speaking

ones,

privilege

paper

requires

as

much.

compromise.

We

wise

There

too

of

WRESTLE

recurring

thing

one

But,

wobble?

permitting
rambled

"

best

photographic

the

to

plate, the

best
do

paper

one

ignorant, how,

the

OUR

continually

Stick

wobble

developer,

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have

pundits

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OUR

ALSO,

AND

PAPER,

DEMEANORS
MIS-

ARISTOTYPE.

THE

WITH

THE

BLUE

IN

EDUCATION

PAPERS

DIFFERENT

OF

THE

OF

ACCOUNT

TRUTHFUL

WITH

act

watch
is

paper.

prints

but

out

in

distinctly ;

of

judgment,

the
much

process

simpler

Printing

and

Its

paper.
with

the

than

easier

grievous fault

one

first paper

brightness. We

fresh

We

the

from

shop,

our

I have

effort at

the

way

that

the

formulae

day

there

eyes

were

lost

the paper
could
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came

paper

dazzled

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pearly white.
of

more

that

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it

paper

The

from

came

adelphia,
Phil-

of its

always loved, because

its well-descended
virtues,its magnificentcharities,

again did
Queen

"

fine names,

the

beg

we

adorable

its

people, and

the

never

problem.

paper

received

instead,we
but

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good

too

the dealers

things

dealers

our

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the

been

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send

us

all kinds

We

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he

Again
of

more

of paper
often

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and
the

with

pondered

failed ?

manufacturer

he

Was

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to

Queen."

sell,and

to

leave the business?

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obliged to

by jealousrivals?

crushed

persuaded to boycott his superior

wares

We

know

of

longerany

no

was

its name,

think, was

citythat

like

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we

"Queen,"

solid

one

tints and

ravishingchina-blue
How

that

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that

its utmost

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lights. But

white

talk of

light blue

supposed

always acted.

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kinds

it deteriorates

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customer.

tints,a faded

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his

is that

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was

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other

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Our

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of

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never
"

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out

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found

; it remains

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the

Iron

darksome

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"

riddle,
We

paper'slike again.

But

only
we

suppliedits placein

found

the

Where

stale.

where

preparing it,but

of

chances

of its age, it is well worth

that

the formula

broad, brushing the

"

paper

few

angles,leaving as
may

though, truth
in the

of them

at

use

salts with

iron

apply the

we

to

we
tell,

in the
look

begin to

then
From

this

where

it

with

its

brilliant

bath,

and

print we

we

in

still face

step

to

thus

get

certainlyare

trace

that

was

shadows
of the
a

minutes,

last
in

cannot

hour

to

or

be done

brilliant

able

baths,

company

printsan

ing-box.
wash-

downward.

the

float about
blue

right

out

fifteen

or

fancy that thorough washing

that

the

face downward

like to wash

We

time, and

less

fresh

its face

show

mates.

in

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portion of

the paper

ten

at

find

least

printuntil

some

give

conveniently

we

only mistake

stage there is only a

can

We

more.

stay

then

could

take

we

place it

let it
it to

remove

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We

brush, flat and

skipping the

bronzed,then

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the

brushing.

printing-frameand

as

never

printedpage;

always brutallyplain,was
the paper

marks

the

chapter.

lengthwiseand

brush

take

the effort
of this

he

taket

to

must

camel's-hair

daily from

while
one

the end

to

infinitely
superior

hardly worth

trouble

advice,

thing

easy

very
is

the

his

get it fresh

can

one

it is

the manufacturer

article

fresh

the

that

is

paper

recommended

followed

We

paper.

blue

that

make, and
to

blue

of

manufacture
and

Photographer,"

"Amateur

the

in

Beach,

Mr.

expensiveway.

less

Photography

in

Adventure

An

print.

get from

(White

COUNTRY

ROAD.

light negative.

See

Printing

negatives.Very strong negativesare

moderate

be harsh

to

in blue

blue

The

be flat.

the albumen
much

as

paper?

remedy
I

in

append

We

the hand.

is rubbed

too

it

water,

dry it,and

in the

bottom

for the

brown,
too

was

After

have
one

do

that

what

old, we

choose

is

paste.

is that

unless

paste

when

unevenly.

it dries
soak

blue

our

albumen

the

print in

of
prints,

ammonia, and
toned

could

we

would, for

only get

afterwards

saucer

bought

with

some

maddening

streaked,reddishcolor.

our

made

The

paper

discovered.
divers

that it does not

of

we

course.

We

paper.

tapes strung across, and

we

bicarbonate

it,with

encaustic

sudden

is to

experimenting with

concluded

has

the

ready-made toning fluid,which

slowness, so

But

it

afresh.

satisfied with

little fuming-box with

"the
possibly

happens when

This

into
plunged recklessly

We
a

not

were

start

gives

and

happens,the only cure

When

as

lurch

give

or
lavishly,

it

printthat

only danger

may

but

blue

printwith

The

detail

However, there

not.

blue

crumple under

We

aspect

trow

the paper

on

much

it be

urged against the

formula.

is careful

one

surface,unless

rubbing the

our

negativeswill

give as

not

sunken
disagreeable,

fresh

is

weak

very

gelatino-chloride
papers,

mat

any

platinotype.It
has

printdoes

the

or

as

and
prints,

likely

matter

toning baths, we
so

much

whether

soda, tungstate of soda, or

something else; the great point is

91

to

wash

off the free

An

in

Adventure

nitrate of silver after the

before

and

they

Of

time.

the

toning operator can

and

Iowa, toningwhat
all the

ease

operators, we

are

and

throw

not

studio,of
view
fix at

by

see

how

developer and

equally bad

and

whist

"

too

none

that

quantity
skilful

are

take

time

more

floor

the

of

last time

them

in

have

in

wash

our

to

witnessed

formerly allo-

our

individual

in

very

to

cr

to

many
we

tone

first time

treatment.

moderately strong
weak

How

one.

the

inquiringphotographer

its

part in

change

of

may

the

decrees

course

of nature

you

and, out

through
of sheer

in

safety!

idiotic

may

on

almost

escape

; there

wiser
And

you

greed, lead

the

have

that protect

dull,sickeningthump

you

will

as

the

change between

fixing bath,
Of

well

printing as

temperature between

fixingbath, or

effects.

inscrutable
a

the

toning bath

see

they

prints

gave

plays

and
developing,,

may

my

formulae.

our

fall with

we

weak

Temperature

are

but

many

think

the

and

next

strong and

seen

unlimited

an

preferto

unity of

to

twice;

bath, the

me

we

is

we

printssince

fix

We

world

dozen

distinct advance
chroic

in

so

skilful

printingafternoon,is disgracefulenough

time,but

to

away

it is.

as

seemed

not, and

I have

at

one

the

that

; and

frame,

Hubinger, of Davenport,

Mr.

the

only

tone

to

twenty

of the

out

tell you

books

tone

friends,Mr. Hostetler

with

printscome

toned, and

are

course,

Photography

folly,and

heads

may
for

the

they
play
first

or

twice

filled with

to

of acetic

ounce

one

trayfulof

one

solution

acid

weak

acid,or,

water

completelyimmersed, one

they are

the

minutes,according to
wash

them

thought

desirable

myself,I
used
an

cannot

is faithful in

Jane

more,

she is

Jane

sniffs

until
vigilantly

toning bath

understand

Wide

mysteriesof
do

we

tone, and

why

do

to

answering,because

scientific
We

have

not

to

over

we

It is

but,

acetic acid is

be any

wash

we

danger

with

the

the acid

the last odor

of
be

do

Why
fix?

we

the

to

on

from

my

departed.

stage,in

wash,

have
some

is

off,and

clean

little wise in

among

has

in

prints.

toningfluids.

we

qucte

can

rummage

stock,left

wash

sensitized

to

Then

followingdirections;she

must

the process.

ten

of water.

coming

is the range

wide, one

how

them

Keep

toning bath

should

comes

now

acid),where

one.

where

case

And

obsequious!

porcelaintray.

shall

in the

daring,

all the acid is washed

the

whiff of it

minute

additional

The

into

water

They stay about

that

toning bath,there

in the

However,

why,

see

the

changes

sure

placing them

before

away

be

to

is

authorities.

best

several

in

again

by

in this bath.

motion

constantlyin

2, which

bold and

are

drops of

few

of

gallonof

(to one

if you

changes

five

or

washing-box No.

into

they go

Photography

all,four

in

making

more,

before

water

in

Adventure

An

no

one

rather

and

To
the

why

objection
else, and

shop-worn

schooldays.

get rid of the nitrate of silver in the silver

albumen

paper.

We
94

try

to

get rid of it,be-

Printing
don't

we

cause

As

gold.

our

the part the

to

solution of chloride

"A

is what

Gold

might
the

its salts to

be

valuable

gold playsin

covered

the

time of

business,

of chloride

solution

willinglywith

its

find

expectedto
with the

chlorine

by

the

gold, having

lost that

do

but

gold, and

silver

than

chloride

the silver has

of

been

and
light,

unaltered; and

is

held

down

come

gold parting

more

no

brought into

having a great

the

course

which

metallic

so

is

as

can

is

gold

be
ing
unit-

of silver ;

reduced
the white

then, the

solution,has

it in

of
precipitate

of

sheet

this

silver
and

the action

chloride, when

when

from

leaving the gold and

silver,
forming of

when
sub-chloride,

nothing to

So

chlorine,it

; it likes

easilyreduced

is
silver salts,

the chlorine

to the sub-chloride

is

gold,the

naturallyfor

attraction

the dark

of

this do?

can

ascetic metal

an

state.

with

over

What

gold.

words, it

metallic
all

of

called

In other

to live alone.

paper,

the

up

is,clearlydefined:

here it

it to take

want

lic
metal-

deposited upon

the

*
picture."

We

use

rather weak

bath

principle
; a

our

rule

our

by

tone

The
*

H.

preferringa

"

in the

up

weak

white

toningbath

moment
M.

liberal

to

in

hand

slow

take

Mclntyre, quoted

the

in "Wilson's
95

gets beyond

gradual toning. We

and
we

keep

well covered

away

least,that is

at

"

sometimes

and
light,
and

gold

the

printface

with the fluid.

printsis

the riddle of

Photographies,"p.

202.

Adventure

An

toning

the

doomed

to

tint,and

printingwas

to take

the risen

dough

the operator must

have

only

can

many

all

are

You

effects.

tint than

they have

ashen

of

our

while

before
taken

it

they

all the

degraded point,it is
to
infallibly

In both

eye, and

the

few

cases

amateur

great

or

"

that

she is

justwhen

of the bowl.

trained

you

wish

of

acid reaction
is

acid

test

the
the

to

last

printers
put
bath

to

allow

that

may

creature

year, for
the

(threeto

colors

for the

several

eventual

toning

always a good

get enough
Some

have

several

therefore to tone

plan to

an

and

shades

useful

an

before

by spoilinga

eye

always

hypo, and

paper

Yet

one

prints.

"

There

the

his

train

"degraded."
little dears

out
a

sunken,
Most

it is to tell a cook

of fate than

hospitality

"degraded."

the

raw,

contrary,

direct the student

possibleto

moment

the

assume

this side

absorb

gold they can

more

not

picture,
moreover,

the

rescue

degraded,but

become

no

called

then

are

important to

so

the reckless

for

even

before

away

will have

depositedyou

earlyfading. If, on

an

first season's

them

take

you

long, the printswill

too

tone

been

Photography

photographicalbum

amateur

an

is

has

unfit
picture,

streaked
of

If

process.

enough gold

in

to

for any

have

deeper in

be.

quarter.

It is

subtle thief

crept in.

in

toning

bleachingof

shades

result

bath

of

studio, and

Litmus
you

can

printsthat

have

been

toned,in

five grammes

of

pure

muriatic

96

Printing

litre of

acid

to

hypo

; others

merely wash

in the

them
had

enough

the

muriatic

of

At

acid

complete and
desired

we

will

give naturallyone
tint.

In

time

one

Mr.

to

came
"

also

We

we

with

The

his

were

paper

In

If

warm

we

very

wanted

we

salt and

of

soda

if

water;
and

water.

that certain brands

author

certain

other brands

purpletints

sensitized

ready

on

toning (for

follow Burton's

to

carbonate
our

in

the

which

paper,

we

mongrel bluish-brown,
"color

as

certainlyfar

agreeable."And

for

belief that

use

brand

than

to

brown."

certain

quite

such

toning papers;

requiredto

that

conclusion

certain

of brown

from

toning,other

with
not

we

have

we

tint of which

printin

tint and

sensible

temperature

tepid.

used

getting a

picked up

be used

should
that

but

put

aptlycharacterizes

suitable

not

was

in

Burton

indescribable
we

colors

get every

the

craved

we

that

aware

efforts to get the

our

only succeeded
which

to

agreed with

we

at

different

soaked

But

other

and

slightingit.

purple,in

soon

we

directions.
intelligible

tone,"we

"warm

the

without

printingprocess

are

read),we

or

into

always thought that

our

nor

hankered

heard

ever

for

obtain

naturallywe
had

act ;

singletime

have

circus in

first,to

them

We

hypo.

punished

been

water)before putting them

toning baths
for

instance,

purple toning bath

tendencies.

of the

weather

toning bath should

the water
97

is

likelyto

be

barely

attend to

of the

Some

that,itself.

ninetydegrees for

The

washed

printsare
in

five minutes
has

turn

make

the

outwit

the

"

like to

soon

Ammonia

we

as

jured.
in-

not

were

alkaline

by

and

"

it is

is

and

importantto

simple,and

has the

sufficient

perceivesthe

the operator

it

sly acid

it is present in

it

prints

take

in,we
so

on

repeatingthis

odor

We

hypo.

the lowest

printout

company.

secondary bath
valuable

and

stronger proportionof hypo than

of water.
has

He
his

fixing

put it in and
As

the

the

placedin

soon

all the

as

and

then

put it

on

advises

Burton

four times.

find

to

it is

downward.

through

advises the

came

of the

under, face

are

top, and

give each printas

wash

good

press

He

everything

stop adding alkali.

can

We

we

be not

fade; therefore

alkaline.

quantities. As

He

still

painstakingamateur

printsmay

the bath

bath

about

seventy

sometimes
certainly

hypo

advantage of tellingwhen
he

than

perversityof photographicmaterials

the usual

loves to

If

never

fixed for twenty to twenty-

now

hypo.

Burton

more

and
seventy-five,

than

warmer

were

temperature of

had

have

of temperature, and

the way

in

show

to

must

we

advise

solutions; but

all the

think

degrees. I

Photography

wise

thermometer

his

allows

in

Adventure

An

would

ample

have
bath

from
98

of weak

he
two

hypo, which

would

not

ounces

to

largequantityof
principle;we

the

had

use
a

pint
bath.

it be-

Printing

it makes

cause

and

quickly

more

up

easilywith

the

larger measures.
the

After

soda

of
hyposulphite
of lead."

He

of

the

of

it should

and

so

has

better

during

kindred

proper

his

and

obtainable,is

one

tray

his

or

four

of clean
for

it."^

"

keep

to

"

"

or

final act

method
few

so

of

of

the

istence.
ex-

guild

stage of satisfaction,

her

work, while

them

the

now

giver

is to

clothes
is to be

the

until

minutes,
water

Wilson's

f Burton,

"

while

running

is best to

is

wringerfrequently
kept up

for "three

operator faints

place each print

water

motion, and shift from

in

face downwards,
glass,first,

"Warm

for
prints,"

when
prints,

"

The

few

wash

another, using a

hours

trays!

condemn

printsthat they are

or

operations."* This

between

help feelingthat

brother

or

callow

friends

to

way

not

to

nence
perma-

in the fire?

them

The

impair the

cannot

of

nitrate

or

quietly slip out

sister

displayingheedlesslyas
wishes

"a

reallydemanding indestructibilit
is the

not,

given his

not

permanence

would

many

Where
that

the

impair

has

the acetate

much

not

Newton

cleaningthe prints of

it does

prints. Myself,I

prints are

our

of

by employing
that

says

for the amateur

"

washing.

effectual method

simple and

if it do

the

fixingcomes

stream

then
of

"on

face

water

at
a

54.

sheet

upwards,
plays on

use.

Photographies," p. 208.
Photographic Printing,"p.

the

\ Ibid.

in

Adventure

An

This, I repeat, is

the way

wash

ought to

doubtless

we

that

prints;the simple,actual, unpretentiousway

our

printsabout

the

separated
;
for

and

as

we

them

leave

When
hoist the

huge

in

then

We

two, or, in
or

too

are

we

tired

method

will be

past. We
and
At

paper.

printedon
some

to

We

very

we

so

had
and

sometimes
prints,

little

think

in the

amateurs

three

been

late

glass,in

on

inclined to

silvered

that

or

the
our

future,as

popularin

the

in this way,

some

Saxe

paper

surprisewhen

my

pretty prints!
in

evening

slightexperience with plain

Imagine

placid

deterioration.

signsof

no

try plain paper

had

to the

trained
four-year-olds

some

salted
it.

am

prints

of

it is too

printsoff

of it has

variation

time

one

popular with

have

they show

the

and

go

seasons,

unless

"

wash

"

recommended.

some

part

visit to the

generally

we

manner

suspect

second

period

conscientious
particularly

four,and

even

pay

our

tions.
avoca-

sozzle the

Another
on

other

hypo

gallonsof water,

and

water

the

hour, we

an

be

they may

with

our

the

out

pour

devoted
elimination,
generally
meal.

half

it,in

while.

that

so

can,

depends on

fresh

with

for

it

of

and

box

fillthe box

about

think

we

huge washing-box

fightit out

to

which
varying period,

and

well

as

in

gallonsof water, distributing

four

about

contains

that

is to put them

them

do wash

we

Photography

Tn consequence,

rather

more

100

we

exhaustive

difficultythat is,the
"

poorer

and

obtained
are

going

fashion.

photog-

Adventure

An

she held

when

as
distinctly

as

Photography

in

print before

the

out

my

gaze.

one!"

"Every

beautiful

Our

she, in

tragictone.

and

all over,

mottled

printswere

extraordinaryburnished

an

sented
pre-

among

appearance

mottles.

the

should

"What

spots,"I

They

read

we

by

went

the Black
and

Burton

Another

Wilson

the

trouble

all the
effect

As

measles

of

toning.

are

caused

paper, the nearest

discard

the

than
can

the

is apparent.

some

belongsgenerallyto
on

paper

very

(when

common),
from

weak

too

from

instant

considerate,
sparing

the

part by the

most

reproach the

dealer and

mischief-maker, in which

Mealy printsare

measly prints,because
always find

evening.

appeared the

was

for
is to

hopes.

Sometimes, however, the hypo

paper.

(when acid) is
remedy

remedy

one

the

in

the

else to

makes
too

from
little,

much

too

plain
gold

using

the

case

latter trouble
but

one

mealiness

from

comes

ing
print-

littlesilver in the

paper

in

bath

dispiriting

more

blame,

printer. It

from
negatives,

one

the

road, like the others,and

river

printsleft the frame, which

the

do with

long line of crushed

the mottled

time

nothing to

was

after

them

send

Jane.

says

measles,complicatedby metallic

There

answered.

printsbut

call it?"

you

call it the

should

"I

us

said

the

prints

this

is

toning bath, or

toningbath

too

fresh,or

Printing
the

washing

from

printstoo

trade that needed

do, be

but don't tone

not

bold

!"

ruin, grim and

happen

can

tolerable
stains

to

the

manipulation of
hypo
have

bothered

not

that

neat, but
from
time

we

but it

lazyto

make

their

also

gets into

the

the
Some

as

happen

of

of

with

our

the

bath

hypo
bath.

up

we

the

careless

least trace
Clean !

paper

too

to

promise

of

103

They

kept apart

are

hands

each

weather

any
will

every
ing
Yellow-

careful

from

of

especially

are

our

fresh

many

patchesand

who
careless,

time

Warm

printsused

every

that

to the most

gentlecall to

hypo

keeping

the

so

contaminatinginfluence.

to
happens persistently

happens

or

may

is

from

wash

we

thingsthat

Yellow

come

not

be

evermore

marvel

remedy is,Be
"

strong, but

the

hypo arrangements

the

of the paper

bath

fresh,

either side stands

from

or

paper,

things,and

near

go

They

much

us

our

other

the

On

print,the

fingers. The

the

on

enough,

toning bath

Consideringall

terror.

photography.

bold ! and

all the time.

appear

another

are

bold

Allen's

Tone

hypo

Whatever

megum

the

the

albumen

an

ones

Have

too

Josiah

much.

too

bold ! be

not
sure

Be

there

was

oftener than

or

Make

Be

"

be

But

more

much.

too

strong.

"

don't wash

fresh.

too

too

not

!"

megum

enough,but

Wash

but

for its motto

great rule of conduct

Wife's
you

have

to

Never

long.

printer,
too

are

time.

It

acid that
cause

it,

long.
go
a

all the

esses
proc-

future,and

then

through
fair

but
light,

reflected

Many
of this

"

print did

needless waste

fixed

not

of

the

because

until

the

in

can

you

the

white

see

parts

If this is not

light.

turn

or

have

longer. Spotted

paper

to

fade

to

useless

as

Prints," says Wilson,

solution

held up

apt

are

the

"

fibre of the

printwhen

done, they

ing
queer-look-

good printsthat might

enough

left in

be

nothing but
of the

aside

throw

we

by merely fixing them

printsare
"should

spotty and

light.

saved

been

looking well enough by

and

curdled

transmitted

by

Photography

fixingbath

the

from

emerge

in

Adventure

An

yellow

in

short

time."
the

Sometimes
at all ;

ours

most

the

And

the

from

know

we

refuse to tone

this wicked

is to

"

habit

of

the

habit ;
them."

warm

varied, and

albumen

paper

is its

blister.

and

thicker

the greater the

come

to

and

most
exasperating,

most

frequentevil

tendency to

that

remedy

Probably

perverse

greatlyaddicted

were

the best

but

printsturn

richer

of
probability

the

defective

the

albumen

coating,

blisters ; because

preparationof

the

blisters
albumen

coats.

Nothing
blisters.
caused

makes

The

action

uneven

by change
That

print look

is

experiencewith

of

of

temperature

common

loathsome

more

the

albumen

may

be

in the different solutions.

and
explanation,

blisters bears it out.

104

than

was

my

worst

using fresh

Printing
obtained

paper,

the

admirably in
the

entered

from

toning bath, but

it blistered

hypo

the space of

not

warmed
from

the

bath; both

of

ounces

Wilson's

ventative

lay the

is to

The

sponge.
heat

We

salt

to

declares that

and

blottingpaper
red

causes

had

Arnold,

in

at

almost

next

out

free
perfectly

no

of alcohol to every

And

here
of

one

FEW

are

few

which

REMEDIES

off the
dried

trouble

ounce

every

of

is

water

of paper, before
back

in the

nearly the

one

pre-

printing,

with

air,as

wet

drying

AGAINST

of

excellent

from
to

be

BLISTERING

Photography"

formula,adding
of

ounces

maxims
know

we

blisters.

Annual

ten

temperature,

same

from

the

toning bath.
same

book,

good.
ALBUMEN

OF

dry the paper by excessive heat.

Avoid
acidityin solutions.
the
Moisten
print before washing with

PAPER.

not

sponge

alcohol.
Immerse
Add

print I

reliable
absolutely

an

wash

1892, gives a simple but

Do

print

one

the

gallon

one

American

The

"

to

for

I put

was

spots.

solutions

keep

sheet

is then

paper

have

and

printscame

There

it

formula.

Schnaus

Dr.

by

for

that

blisters.

Sixteen

on

the instant

completely.

and

water

It acted

town.

largepin-headfree.

strong salt and

into

photographerin

the
trace

printbefore
of aqua

fixingin

ammonia

weak

to the

105

alum

solution.

fixingbath.

saturated

in

is to contract

harm

broadened

be

may

done,

if

but

of the

the model
hairsbreadth,
it.

"

photographic
the

is to moisten

the

turn

about

paper

it to

such

faces

by placingthe

Perhaps,all thingstaken
the

that

read

We

seeks

amateur

in

that

way

of

gelatineinstead

yet giving
tried

We
the

are

Bess, who

thin

"

as

alike

all went

yet left

strange

printing process.

as

with

egg

in

be

coated

ruined

"

plucky

"chloride

"emulsion"

with

by

but

over-

"

negative.

of
paper,

silver,"
all of

Betsy,Elizabeth,Bessy and

togetherto

found
one

the
aristotype,"

much

widened

we

negativeas the bromide,

good picturefrom

the

bird's nest

one,

by

the
"gelatine-chloride,"

which

faces

oppositedirection.

new

likelyto

so

well

toning,doing as

round

albumen; glossy,like albumen,

not

permanent,

more

to

was

into account, it is not

ever

the

into the

mistakes

our

the

dry

wrinkles

of the merits of paper

Burton

forgive

block,and

paper

great

no

never

while
got the benefit of being lengthened,
hatchet

scape
land-

avoid such distortion

to

to amend

in

we

elongateda

or

picturewill

first,
drivingthe

only device

Our

edges.

well that

flattened

wrinkle"

sheet,pin

sheet

of the

middle

when

lengthened and

or

face be

printingframe.

it knows

because
printingportraits,

are

of albumen

for this caper

the time

invariablychooses

It

in the

stretch

to

or

Photography

annoying,trick

little less

Another, only a
paper

in

Adventure

An

seek

bird's nest, and

two

eggs

in

it !

The

first paper

106

it,and

each took
that

we

whenever

half

but

we

bath

the

Before

had

chapter, and

to

make

decent

exactlyone

declared,give her
it had

We

However,

"

Omega
The

the honest

we

lay

second

brands

Peerless

of

faults,but they are

the

albumen,

There

for

of them
fixed

dint

by

paper.

everythingby

") that

delicacyof

the

the

tried,and

we

the
the

number

toning and
one

because

have

their

with
the

to

the

albumen.

coating,
gelatine

it is hardened

be

tough as

as

freely. The washing is

washing

been

being that

simply

that,it seems

be handled

may

than

have

combining

knew

quietly,

our

gelatinepaper

the

bath ; after

and

degree less

down

half

requirescareful handlinguntil

alum

in the

that

Jane

unmanageable faults,and

not

tendency is

which

And

"

manipulationis decidedlysimplerthan
Its worst

of the

obtained

package

lost almost

consoled
"

Oh,

rioter !

we

(the

in

equally kind.

was

best

but

rent

end

the

paper

and

in

curling and

package.

albumen

drink

to

were

brand
"

of the

printout

tear

ever.

story short, we

better with

care

next

was

on

rending until

insatiable

succeeded

very

it

It went

the

enough

of this

of extreme

be

over

was

livelytime!

rollingand

instead

would

but just as sprightly

as
places,

dozen

capering and

when

Photography

it there

restrained

we

sheet.

the

in

Adventure

An

of albumen
of

prints.

objectionsmade

to

the point
fixingoperations,

has
it is

no

securitythat

toned, and

108

that

to

print is
remove

Printing

the

print is

likelyto fade
and

the

the

reduction

have

in

bath.

There

Burton

do

we

make

is very

little

of

approves

learn

change
that

dried ; and
The

allowance

allow

for

our

color,this

way.

of

authorityas

bath, takingthe

the

advantage by giving
negative. A
albumen,
but

for this fact

they do

hard

too

negativewill

it will make

make

either

printin

tine,
printin gela-

little harder

strong

hard

weak

offset this

not

print from

good plucky negativedoes

printon
The

and

hard

; but

albumen

same

after they
perceptibly

gelatine
papers give a stronger printfrom

negativethan

tion
cau-

hypo

be made

must

the

very weak

high an

so

combined

to

the

to

as

with

peace

precaution.Aristotypesdarken
are

have

not

our

the combined

better

judge

can

mealy, or

preferencefor

our

fixingthe printin

to
gratified

am

we

We

hypo.

tried both

confess

print when

afterwards

by
I

becoming yellow or

We

away.

bath,because

of

And

its

singlebaths,and

combined
color

risk

to

hard

give a

not

paper.

a
question of intensifying
negativeby printing

has

always

we

have

interested

had

printingunder
books,see
contrast

so

many
tissue

that if

would

we

There

us.

for

paper;

contrive

be greater.

Tissue

ask ; but tissue paper

109

"

at

reason

have

to

printmore

the

the

least

slowly,

gives a

paper

our

tried

could,without

we

indeed, suppliesall
vigorouspicture,

likelyto

good

very

negatives. We

thin

could

is

more

vigor one

is

tissue paper

is

"

after
impressionist

an

and it returns

we

have

printingin

that

found

all except the harsh

a

and
printing,

before

for

the

paper

the

harshness

Speaking
who

do

not

for

professto
to

seems

want

be

platinotype.We

waste

them, to

of time

entertain

say,

But

we

be better to

the paper

sun

shade.

the

it is

case

Exposing

magic

effect

on

negatives.
humble

two

we

do not,
reduce

the bromide
to

paper,
and

paper,

adventurers

have

guides,we

bromide

printincomparablyon

to

brightsunny

in their

Even

print according to

because
negatives,

yellow,I

of

indeed,for
negatives;

only,has

ourselves,as

negativeson
on

hard

some

time, for

negatives.

of

print in

seconds

few

of

troublesome
thin

to

detail is

same

shade,on

the

not

nothing

brightsunlight;and

the

negatives.
it may

questionwhether

of

is,I hardlyneed

better for the great bulk

day,is

fuzzy,

be!

can

nature

thin

for

is "indicated"

therefore

the

at

the shade

printingin

than

slower

much

broad

the non-actinic

thank

Printingin

presume.

of detail,a

as

secured

contrast

may

thin,sharplycut

our

yellow glass. The

printingunder

preservedand
which

broad

heart;

own

I know
by printing,

obtainingcontrast

better than

Emerson's

Dr.

the finest kind

landscape,as

out-of-focus

Photography

placeof

us, in the

to

abounding in
picture,
For

in

Adventure

An

our

found

it less

putting our
harsh

however, have

them.

Thin

it reallv

that do

them, with yellow glassand

110

many

negatives

papers ; and

bribe other papers

tives
nega-

not

shade.

Printing

Vignetting,"printing in,"masking, and

well

combination

as

entitled

Tricks, for they

less artifices with

a

defer

printing,I
the

which

different story from

to

are

mind

our

the

like,as

chapter

all

more

photographer makes

or

out

real tale.

sun's

the

to

the

FORMULAE.

To

accommodate,

at

always skip formulae

an

unslakable
of

few

1
A.

B.

Mix

"

"

To

of iron

BLUE

and

the

PAPER

CYANOTYPES.

1| ounce.
ounces.

Ferricyanide of potassium

1"

ounce.

Water

ounces.

find

better

paper

minutes

before
;

results

instead

of

BURTON'S

hang

Nitrate

Chloride

up

to

float the paper,

dry.
brush

we

Rives

the solution

floating.
PAPER

PLAIN

EMULSIONS.

1.
400

of silver

Water
Gelatine

and

use

when

No.

B."

FOR

it for three

with

this retired spot,

Water

2"

A."

seek formulae

who

ammonium

equal parts immediately

We

those

time,those who

same

risky.

SENSITIZE

Citrate

plain,upon

on

and

the

I have collected,
in
thirst,

the least

"

and

one

80

(soft)

80

of ammonium

120

Citric acid

Water
Ill

grains.
ounces.

grains.
grains.
grains.
ounces.

in

Adventure

An

No.
A.

"

Photography

2.
400

of silver

Nitrate

Water

Gelatine

B."

Citric

of

120
of

soda

45

(dry)

Water
3.

400

of silver

Nitrate

Gelatine

(soft)

80

Chloride

of ammonium

80

of soda

Carbonate

from

Mr.

8
the first formula

hands

to be

used

for

Burton

says

floating,
allowingthree
needed

sheet

damped

with

of

to four

glass,or
at

quarter of

should
a

minutes

be about

to

in

board, and

is

near

get surface

been

The

once.

coating

even

the

is laid

paper

thoroughly and

the

surface

dry, when
to

evenly

several

side for

one

able

an

ten

times

minutes

the

get

an

temperature of

operation is
even
enough
the operating-

sion
seventy degrees Fahrenheit, or else the emul-

be warmed.

fire,or

for preparing

negatives,the second
thin negatives.
coating is certainlyby

possible to get
the following way :

neA'er

...

should

of

way

get surface

to

I have
repeated.
coating by brushing only
room

from

by brushing over
right angles. It is put on
hour,

suitable

dense

solution

an

ounces.

sion
minutes, but the quantityof the emul-

clean

emulsion

an

It is

wool

cotton

the

with

in directions
or

"best

is considerable.

by brushing
on

the third

the

that

gives

printingfrom

negatives,and

medium

grains.
grains.
grains.
grains.

80

(dry)

Water

paper

ounces.

60

Citric acid

my

grains.

Water

In

ounces.

...

No.

B."

grains.
grains.
grains.
grains.

80

ammonium

acid

Carbonate

ounces.

80

(soft)

Chloride

A."

grains.

The

paper

stove, after

is best

it has

dried

lain

for

fore
pretty quickly beabout

four

or

five

dry."

The

longer the paper is printed the richer the tones, therefore

usually preferred. But Mr. Burton, by his
strong negatives are
for thin and dense negatives,gives good tones
for
separate treatment
all.

Mr.

Burton

printson

the

platinum bath, Clark's

112

Process

Printing

CLARK'S
Dissolve
of

ounces

distilled

found

have

of

sixty grains
water

water

cooled, it does

stock

solution.
Stock

For

BATH.

chloro-platiniteof potassium

(if you

easier

get than

to

apparently just as
the toning bath take

it,take

This

well).

solution

Nitric

acid

the

Gold

be toned

printsmay

baths

good

Dissolve, and

Tungstate of
Phosphate of
Boiling water

"

cool, and

soda

drams
to

bottle

in

When

the

this

of
ten

soda

of

drops.

ounces.

are

some

grains.

20

grains.

gold

of

ounces.

grain.

ounces.

15

gold

two

soda

is

bath

of
drams

boilingwater,
of

acetate

dissolved, the
should

grains.

7-Jounces.

solution, neutralized

ounces

which

The

ounces.

20

Water

added

the

add

Chloride

are

makes

Here

by gold.

Water

Two

boiled

add

Chloride
to

we

Toning.

Allow

two

1 dram.

Distilled water

But

in

get distilled water, and

cannot

things

great many

PLATINUM

with
and

of

solution

soda
is

have

made
for

some

of

pinch

filtered

to stand

be allowed

into
been
to

up

chalk,
quart

placed.
twenty

hours

before

it is used.

washed

Generally,plainprintsare
of water

before

when

uses

coated

he

with

toningbath.
8

immersing

the
the

them

platinum bath
first two

Paper

coated

in the
Mr.

emulsions
with
113

in

the

several

changes

toningbath

Burton

; but

puts paper

directlyinto
third

emulsion

the

he

An

off in

washes
the

color

either

of the

The

weak

in

Photography

of citric acid to neutralize

solution

character.

alkaline

The

Adventure

in

the

first two

printing is

should

frames

printing

formulas,

rich

deep purple with

quick,whichever

very

be

with

third.

formulas

the

of

the

brown

be

used,

with
Indeed, paper
extraordinarilyso.
sensitive
than
emulsion
is,I think, more
prepared by this formula
It is so
that
that I know
of.
by any other printing-out process
sensitive
that it is quite necessary
extra
to take
precautions in
but

No.

with

and

keeps better

paper

is made

mention

no

fume,

not

3 it is

it.

working
The

coated

and

the

of

the

the

generalplain paper,

fuming.

I know

that

took

rich

purple

prints

makes

He

quickly.

than

in

solutions

the

did
very

following

manner.

You

will observe

each

that

emulsion

consists

of

two

solutions.
The

"

and

solutions

two

degrees

ten

to

one

temperature should

The

there

degrees,

as

salts

is

produced will

heated

are

to

hundred
not

be

temperature of

and

that

great

be thrown

down

of

the

and

granular form.
stirring. The emulsion
and

twenty

insoluble

in the

slowly to B, with much

of cambric,
through a double thickness
If it is wished
to keep the
ready for use.

added

hundred

one

some

hundred

one

degrees Fahrenheit.

twenty

greater than

chance

silver
is then

is filtered

is then

emulsion

immediately
for any length

of

of which
a few
time, ten per cent, of alcohol, in each ounce
grains
of thymol have been dissolved, should
be added
to the solution."

The

good

platinum
dose

of

bath

has

which
salt,"

what
I took

Mr.
to

mean

Burton

calls "a

about

half

teaspoonful.
It is

beautiful

formula,
114

and

works

like

charm.

An

in

Adventure

TONING

BATH

Photography

READY

FOK

SENSITIZED

PAPER.
1 litre.

Water

A."

Chloride

of

1 gram.

gold

1 litre.

Water

B."

10 grams.

Borax

Tungstate
DR.

Chloride
be

"

Tungstate of

With

of

used

20 grams.

soda

1 gram.

gold

immediately

after

TONING

cooling.

BATH.

"

With

Phosphate of Soda.
1 litre.

Water

Phosphate of
Chloride

DR.

of

soda

15 grams.
1 gram.

gold

LIESEGANG'S

TONING

BATH.

With

"

Carbonate

of

Lime

Water
of

Carbonate

1 gram.

gold
of

soda

15 grams.

Chalk

it is

5 grams.

twelve

ready

hours

for

assured

here is

served

us

the

bath

It is very

use.

good hypo

solution

but

(Chalk).

1 litre.

Chloride

After

Soda.

1 litre.

LIESEGANG'S

DR.

BATH.

water

Tungstate of

Can

TONING

LIESEGANG'S

Boiling

40 grams.

of soda

is

perfectlyclear and colorless,when

durable, and gives fine tones.

solution has
of

been

its alkaline

bicarbonate

given,as
character

of soda

one-to-five

by ammonia,

fixingbath

that

well.
HEARN'S

FIXING

BATH

FOR

Water

Sat. solution
Bicarbonate

of

hypo

of soda

in sat. solution
116

ALBUMEN

PRINTS.
8

ounces.

ounce.

1J

ounce.

has

Printing

The

second

bath

hypo

is

only a

fifteen

to

one

solution.

ten

FORMULA

FULL

ARISTOTYPES

FOR

SEPARATE
The
then

first washed

prints are

toned

in

mixture

in

of the

FOR

THOSE

PREFER

WHO

TONING.
of water, and

changes
followingtoning baths:

BATH

one

two

or

No.

1.

Distilled water

35

ounces.

Double

acetate of soda
crystallized
1$
Chloride of gold solution (strength,1 grain to 1|
of

ounces

water)
BATH

Distilled

Chloride

of

of

solutions

be mixed
as

gold

solution

To

to be

by adding 2"

bath

mixed

will

ounce.

(strength,1 grain to H
3

water)

are

ounce.

ounces.

ammonium

solution

ounce.

2.
35

gold

ounces

The

No.

water

Sulpho-cyanideof

kept separate,and
of

ounces

keep clear,and

No.

it slows

as

ready for

when

2 to 7

of

ounces

in

ounces.

No.

fixingbath

or

to fresh

transmitted

light.

water, washed

minute

by

washed

finallyplace them
follows

for
in

an

an

in

one

hour

alum

in

bath

two

or

two, and

by

ing
look-

they

placedin

ounce.

ounces.

minutes, then

frequent changes
for about

three

of

the

prints
and

water,

minutes, made

as

Water
Powdered

They

or

soda

fixingis completed
be

of the

it is obtained

When

Hyposulphite

should

The

of

Water

The

may

1.

toning, more

judge of the right tone, the printsshould be examined

removed

use

be added.

can

through them,
are

to

or

should

35
1j

alum
now

ounces.

be washed

in six

117

or

eight changes

ounce.

of water

until

Adventure

An

the

milky color in the

for

hour

an

or

so,

or

in

Photography

left in

LIESEGANG'S

COMBINED

32

ounces.

ounces.

ounce.

Hyposulphite of sodium
Sulphocyanate of ammonium
of sodium

Saturated

washed

BATH.

TONING

Water

Acetate

be

then

disappears. They may

the water
over
night.

water

-Jounce.

solution

of alum

ounces.

and

Water

Chloride

of

Chloride

of ammonium

Pour

30 gr.

gold solution into the hypo solution, then

freshly prepared chloride of silver.

process,

and

popular

very
of

which

pretty process

give

we

the paper,

printedon

but

although
sunken

to

writer's

the

have

THE
Coat

but

stout

Sodium

and

the

made

they

needed

deeper

shadow

of

print from

will

of

silver

with

the frame
acidified

five per cent,

dull,semi-

tonic.

with

solution

of
6

drams.

2$

ounces.

applicationof heat, and print till the

the picture become
removal
visible. On

portionsof

in pure

pleasing,

the

immerse

slightlywith

and
develop brilliantly

Finally wash

have

KALLITYPE.

fine-grained paper

without

we

it ourselves.

ferric-oxalate

Dry quickly

results

thirty

Kallitype

below

Water

nitrate

add

is the

they have

eye

if

as

appearance,

formula

never

printing is easilydone,

the

gr.

the

grains of

The

15

gold

ounces.

with

solution

of

1| per cent, solution of

citric acid, when
the picture
a

all detail.
A

water.

into

yellow tinge may

oxalic
118

acid.

be washed

away

Printing

Blue

be toned

can

paper

black

faded, uneven

made

with

paper

on

the

finished

be

gloss from

the

if

one

printprocess

; it is to sensitize

wash

detail than

more

larly
particu-

obtained

blue

glossyside,printand

prints have

and

do not.
the

little trouble

very

brown
can

we

pleasingadaptation of

tone

the trouble

it worth

think

; and

albumen

that

ENCAUSTIC

PASTE, 1.

is

albumen

usual.

as

is

in blue

The

printand
certain

grateful to

tastes.

White

wax

Spiritsof turpentine
ENCAUSTIC
Pure

PASTE,

Benzole

Oil of

of lavender

lead.
of

"

lead

parts.

200

parts.

300

parts.

"

acetate

be

in

used,
very

sixteen
the

water, and

would

water

slowly in

fixed,wash

of

ounces

the nitrate of

or

cold

them

off in

place them

in water

solution

to

every

four

water.

better

of the

two

or

"

119

If nitrate

of

hot,

it

be

the

three

water

as

prints

changes

containingtwo

quarts of

salts

ounces

When

water.

parts.

tion
hypo-elimina-

solution

stock

says,

of

before-mentioned,by dissolvingtwo

dissolves

stock

he

method
the

lead,either

Make,"

"

are

Newton's

submit

(of either)
lead

10

15

salts of

by

ounce.

parts.

spike

Finallywe

500

elemi

Essence

ounce.

2.

wax

Gum

ounces

of
of

they need

An

remain
and

in the lead

most

When
the

the

the

completed,and

delicate

tests

no

trace

The

lead

carbonate

printsare
acetic

put

will be

produced a

will be found.

hypo

give the

water

trace

milky

changes

by applying

solution is put into the water

will

will be

of

few

is

printsare

surface

in

work

printsthere

lead,which

washed

again be

minutes,

five to ten

the

of water, and
the

Photography

only from

water

they should

then

in

Adventure

to

receive
of

of carbonate

If

appearance.

put into it in this condition,the albumen

injuredby
should
into

the

carbonate

adhering to

therefore be dissolved

it,which

acid,just sufficient

to

is done
make

120

before

by adding

the water

clear.

it.
the

little

CHAPTER

PRINTING

BY

DEVELOPMENT;

BRILLIANT

THE

bromide
It

making.
and

clogged,
the

the

distinct

black

enthusiastic
of

the

bromide

The

Bab

Ballads

who

saw

PEACEFUL

was

storm

showed

(that

had

siastic
enthu-

is seldom

the

shifted

on

several

the

I ; Jane

was

were

and

where

our

down

not

yellowed,

were

of

one

shadows

The

thunder

heedless)

position

tray.
reminds

process
"

operator

the

THE

poor.

seals

never

in

ever

edges

thumb

and

paper

had

the

heedless

but

"

and

negative;

we

pretty

sky

HOW

CONQUERED

US.

that

was

WE

AND

CONQUERED

first

own

HOW

BROMIDE,

PLATINOTYPE

THE

VI.

"

was

far

of

me

the

heroine
So

plain."

from

is

in

the

it,very

far!
Our

first

developments

following exactly
It

only
third

is

capital

trouble

to

misuse

in

the

case

It

excess.

it

It

formula.

in

were

we

the

on

Eastman

paper,

formula.

Eastman

that

was

requisite

reticent

sign,

the

made

were

of

is

capital

capital operators,

not

printing
121

The

bromides.

gives

never

The

paper.

the

frame

as

is

bromide
smallest

very

you

may.

At

first

side; but
side

we

we

used

to

soon

knew

the

find

to

of
intensity

using
seconds

at

karma,"
make

second

that.

The

of

it

wrong

curly
simple.

so

varies

with

qualityand

the

film

diffused
foot

one

have

to

daylight,or

from

been,

two

the maker

in

previous

Delphic oracle,accustomed

of the

intensityof
of the

one

how

thin do

of

room,

round.

turn

said,

ten

number

be,

make

good weatherproofjob,with plentyof

inside,to

the

intensity

will

as

perceivethat

will

well

man

not

was

exposure

by

You.

may

hired

"The

than

glassnegativeor

formula

that

the

approximately stated

be

distance

The

may

burner."

kerosene

on

in

paper

exposure

negative and

the

good print,one

the
"

firm,

you

negative varies

and

lightis

about

as

bad ; and

glassnegativeought to

suppose

infinitely!"

"

be to

"

make

good print?
had

Jane

find

must

We
do

white

frame, snowy

better

says

thin

as

our

proper

light,but

the

put

"

formula

The

to

the

rightside.

is the

But

"

Photography

out.

comes

of

iuto

it goes

white

Snowy

in

Adventure

An

not

out

did.
see,
are

the least

not

as

there is this

idea ; she

supposed

that

we

by trying.

Indefinite
now,

how

indefinite
to

be

that

formula

it could

be

as

as

said

the

122

more

average

for them

seemed

to

us,

we

mides
precise. Broconscience.

they are

not

But
fickle.

Adventure

An

clear

give
Then

; and
For
"

in

Sunset."

to another

to

the

the

think

negativewe

Almost

colored

The

varies.
from

black

it wise

iron

tints.

One

the

and

dye

modern

colonial

houses

and

black

not

at all ;

loveliest silver grays,

depths
there
them.

of

were

shadow

one

plank when

day
we

our

its

or

have

fourth

to

"

clean
would

like

the

would
a

or

an

these

at

bluishshow

doors

of

be brown
be all in the

blue-black
standard

in the

hues,

gardeners call

sports,"as

come

different

pyro

second

besides

mealy

that

was

developer itself gives

deepening into
and

stant
con-

developer

bromides

black,

latter

be

more

would
another, still,

while

all seemed

independentof
But

several

They

iron

soft; a

in

distinctlyolive

no

developergives

print would

black, velvety rich

The

label the pattern.

hydroquinone

eikonogen. Moreover,
different

to

lamp.

copper

having fitted

discoveryabout

first

our

the color

and

only

experience. We

developercould

exposure,

safe.

Good

formula."

refers
part of the description

perceivedthat

"

from

feet

seconds,two

two

tones

than

velope
negative en-

the title is written

Developer,oxalic acid, gray

soon

tone.

called
negatives,

of thin

is the thinnest

Beneath

bromide,

the

on

exposure

desirable

negative'sfuture,in bromide, is

that

here
instance,

At

the

Photography

detail,and

full

shadows,
describe

we

in

their

own

sweet

always

offered

will,

wishes.

Burton

have

(who
stuck

has

fast in the
124

mire

"

we

us

call it

Printingby Development

being

been

the

of the firm

there

an

entire afternoon.

the
declining,

have

slylyscowled

took

up

much

black

our

bustlingto

"

grinning; "she

race

at

the

flashed

Jinny

sympathy.

man

the intruders

space

and

put

into

the

faring,

was

fro

for

through

buildingthe

was

the whole

white

from

busiest

her

of

cook

the

one

might

studio,that
of the

hour

room," says Jinny,

little tricks de

doin' of dem

day ;

liest
them, in live-

teeth at

in dark

Miss

ben

to

washing-boxes.

negro
at

she

ton,
Bur-

beatingwaffles

was

the dresser and

with

the

Blessingson

all,"went

how

see

cook

was

both

covered

so

to

settingthe table,the

and
evening fires,

but

out

the other maid

were

always "dares

remained

came

read

Having

lose it

the passage,

table

development

or

was

supper,

and

win

Madonna

sun

who

brown

negativeswere

touch, and

and

When

time

retarded.
proportionately

the

studio

expected where

abnormallylong

an

the member
it to

Arkansas) explainedthe

be

to

were

for

exposed

in

up

They

tints.

had

"

"mired

plum

evenin'."
"Where
among
"

prints?" says

the dismembered

These

are

emerging from
Cornelia
"

the

are

with

my
the

with

room

neat

the reporters and

ornamental

an

printing."

the

photographer,

combination

Horatius

afternoon

125

fishing

pictures.

jewels,"returns

This, lady,has been

not

bits of

Madonna,

at

the

air of

bridge.

of scientific exploration,

"I

hope

An

Adventure

you

haven't

in

used

Photography

all the

up

puts in,advancing, and

experiment?,"Jane

in your

paper

eying

the

bits in the water.

The

scientist's life is

heights,where

the

from

But

society.

reallydid

we

sepia tints

there

the

secret

give it
strong negative,

developer. The

tones

green

over-exposure

causes,

derided

The

will take

one

under

come

general

colors.

and

exposure

on

experiments

of bromide

long

much

not

produced at will,if

be

can

but

is rest

that afternoon's

learn

; he dwells

lonelyone

ever

retarded

much

the

and

development kept

has

gotten

same

back

by

bromide.
when

Whether,

one

worth

tints,
they are

tints,I may

brown

and
the

brown

it is

are

ones

wellmore

negatives,dense negatives,
I

imagine preferablyon

than

cold rather

be

toned

and
a

not

painstakingthat

sepia.

warm

and

warmer

brownish-black,

evener

is necessary

hue
to

Bromide
without

develop

brown.*
is the

Iron

tones

thin

on

is brown

tone

minute

them

but the green

on

moderatelythin negatives.

printsmay
the

come

green

question. The

further,will only come

say

negatives; but.

medium

The
but

and

and

brown

keeping,is another

balanced,dense negatives;
democratic

the

We

append

from

red

element,
density-giving
the

formula.

to brown

only

easily.
126

tried

it

and

oxalate

twice, but

the

obtained

Printingby Development

detail

giver in the

iron

bromides

developingour

negatives. We

our

for

only

would

of

in oxalate
a

the

potash

short

very

details

the iron solution

ought

we

to

We

the

oxalate

into

glassrod, for

say

iron is

ought :

we

hand

that

trusted
three

keep

by

rocks
on

the

is

do

We

and

to

mingle

the

paint them

in

iron

shadows

there

the

passes

very
over

edge
the

of

the

the

print an
127

tray.

about

once

sleight-ofblindly

give two

or

print has nearly

we

paint just as
with

trated
concen-

iron,sometimes

with

Immediately before

the

ingredients.We

negatives,sometimes

developer,sometimes

on

the

until

Obstinate

the

stir

danger of

trades,and

experience. We

adding

this addition

little

of

expect

little of

printdeveloping

ought

all

tray.

graduate,and

all artisans

enough density.

oxalate.

add

the

to

trust

property of

the

there is great

we

as

tion
por-

minute,usually,

simply poured into

we

times.
thirty-five

make
a

we

the paper

rock

now

To

reason

soak

we

than

the oxalate.

to

patches,if the
I

we

film,we

This

that minute

Then

appear.

in

minute.

even

developernot mixing evenlyand

the

in

for any

solution.

to

pour

in the iron with

in

Where

developerby

develop
cases

or

time,hardlymore

begin

most

to

come

we

seconds

that is left in the

of water

In

the

weaken

not

few

print in

the

the film.

soften

to

have

tentatively,
justas

soak

tray of plainwater
is

developer. We

development is

last moment

with
plete,
com-

of grace,

indescribable,
flashing

line

change, every
is the

the

be

be flooded

paper

the

Now

You

out

or
sufficiently,
you

and

because
picture,

your

fade

and

perish,but

it is out

goes

of

if
especially

has

tray of

tray of

desire

it to the

time,but

its

to

fresh weak

fix them

bath.

wash

effect.

in two

We

make

it to

two

the

up

hypo

print

soak

in

ready to

print at

in company.

strong bath

"

alwa}'s

off the

shall be

or

acid,

and

afresh

each

by adaptingthe

man
East-

using.

have

obtained

formula

to

good

results

the tentative

thus described ; and

we

method

have obtained

by followingthe respectedformulae
the

put

develop one

baths

end,

finish

of the

Water

wash

others

dozen

the

preferto

instead

Generallywe

We

at

fix

not

may

present appearance

water

soft

hypo.

fix and

we

like

We

the

of these errors, may

sometimes

We

change again.

not

enough

one

as

to wait until the

water

of

far

morosely dark

you.

baths of the acid water, and

accompany

time

wash

so

touch.
softening

in three

We

we

not

danger.

development in

our

acid, or

of any

print

ment.
stop the develop-

to

the

may

the

instantlyand

printis safe; it will

wash

not

may

off

poured

sumes
as-

brilliancj-

this

become

dilute acid

with

call

we

before

second

later it may

developermust

deepens,it

tint

that

attribute

crisis!

second
a
flat,

was

Photography

sharpens,every

that indefinable
Now

in

Adventure

An

usual

place,at

the end
128

of

the

of

development

equallygood results
that you

may

chapter.

We

see

in

have

An

the bromides.
we
faults,

loth

are

only say

the

said about

the

When

can

in

Adventure

Photography

questionhas
both

about

carpenter and

the

their

what

papers

Alice

"

walrus, Well, they

bromide

The

disagreeable!"

very

with

to do

needs

the

to control its frantic pace;

spirit
strong and intrepid

caution
platinotype
requiresthe sleepless
a

hen
sitting
The

of the

the

all

in

platinotype(of which

are
circulars)

of all

that

The

platinotypeneeds

washes

and

cleans

the final

where

itself in

tray to

one

in the world.

it is put, and

virtues wherein
it shares with

beauty,and

an

hour, and

in the most

is done
ient
conven-

Thirdly,its flexibility
; it stays

always

knows

the bromide

its

bromide;

are

its permanence.

morbid

of

dealingswith hypo,

no

half

; it

baths

easilymanaged

another

it excels the

(which you

Secondly,

fixing in hypo

no

it has

because

washing only takes

from
by shifting

way

is the simplest

contaminatingMephistopheles,

hypo.

acid ; and

will

you

photographicprintingpapers.

independenceof

muriatic

or

First, its simplicity.

it
modification,*
Excepting only Pizeghelli's

its

XL

virtues

hear

of Louis

its

sensitiveness

to

for

These

other virtues

are

that

its exceeding
delicacy,

The

will find out

place.

faults of the
are
yourself)

damp,

and

type
platino-

its incurable,

its uncertain

printing.
The

image

should

faintlyshow,
*

And

blue
130

one

prints,

is

told,but

some

Printingby Development

negatives

need

show

to

the depth
precisely

happy

and

success,

pictureblack

deal of its

good

that you

you

and

conditions

of

have

hard.

The

the

printing. We
for

it has

however, is much

no, its

all

to

process, and
thin

it

us

But

the

contrived

we

should

much

in

them
like

future

black

drop

not

are

we

fresh paper;

In

us

hint

fine,we

did

in

the

for

for the

of what

or

tastes

make

to

considerable,

do

omnipotent time.
that

or
platinotype,

We

did

not

twice

did

we

fresh paper

conquered.
131

all,since

at

makes

of these ; it is that either

none

although

hope

we

platinotypecup

us

not

plentyof good,

to

and

hot

decidedly

its exclusive

not

going

are

is

old

did

image

have

we

that vague

only once

were

in

dry

the

exposures,

no

have

we

dry enough

is too

gave

if

untasted

set it down

were

away

we

"

all amateurs,

The

us

and

negatives;

firm

judge of

to

for

process,

printingscarecrow

betray; neither

negativesdrive

cold

new

good printsfrom

preferthere

but to

comes

in

us

made

hard

negativesespecially

adaptable than

have

negatives.

daunt
we

we

the

have

too

make

and

sorts

majesty must

preferto

more

your

nothinglike

bromide

platinotypes. The

our

to

printedbefore,with

fine,dense,and vigorous negative,almost

albumen

Print

also,asks
platinotype,

originalglass;

negatives;

others.

be horrified to behold

may

of
hospitality

generous

than

more

could

But

we

once

the

tinoty
pla-

get really

get paper

that

do.
are

hoping

to

An

sensitize
from

and

our

own

Clements,the platinotype
proprietors;

fortunate

as

used

the

the

rapid

was

slow

printswere

Rapid
detail

when

of

destruction

our

sold

to

dealer for years

else,or

must

we

in the shade.
the

And

ment
develop-

slow ; but

was

have

the dealer
have

no

box

one

as

that

the

either

reason

of
a

been

point with

to

it

tried,and

we

no

delicate.

more

paper

its inventor

one

than

found

get better prints when

got sharperprintswhen

we

we

blue paper.

and

papers

bright sunlightthan

that

fancied

the

on

that

stumbles,

of
sensitizing

our

could

We

usual

the

in

as

formula

improvements.
printedin

Photography

fluids
obtainingthe sensitizing

after
anticipate,

we

shall be

we

in

paper,

and

Willis

We

Adventure

aged

that

paper

effort,and

first

sell to

tryingto

prideto anything

to

the
some

about

the

business.
The

Pizzighelli
paper
simple

very

process

and

"

its looks.

print,but

not

Far

is the
take

an

printingon

infinitesimal

for
full dose

thin
of

white

could

paper,
the

manage

developed like
A

timid

blue

cate
few trials will indi-

exposure.

but
intricate,

more

It is

printedso deeply.

the necessary

and

rather ineffectual and

resemblinga

platinotypein

black

photographicbabe

"

is

to

films
positive
exposure,

negativehas

bromide

taste

our

in

the
132

far

ing,
fascinat-

more

of celluloid.

second

sufficed me,

by

and

developerto

faint

They
light
lamp-

needed
the

the

bargain.

Printingby Development
make

They

brilliant
would

beautiful,porcelain-like
picture. Dense,

pleaseme

and

"

Young,

that is

why

lantern

only say

can

Procrastination
we

slides.

exquisiteof

subjectswith

be able to remark

to

lantern slides ; but

of Dr.

best for

negativesare

Neither

all the

did

we

It

somethingabout

that in the

is the

arrived

never

them.

thief of

the

at
ever

language
time,"

point of

ing
mak-

attack the most

the

photographicprocesses,

carbon

process.
FORMULA.
Besides

all

the

standard

developers

there

fancy messings
the uninitiated
wherein
discern no end
aim
mination
can
nor
except a deterto use
as
drugs as possible. Hydroquinone and
many
a
comes
eikonogen all have admirers, and now
potent developer to
which
all the others
Dr.
infants.
Stolze, who
are
as
applied this
agent to the development of bromide
of

Dr. Anderson,

(1)
"

paper,

are

adopted

Hydrochlorate

para-amidophenol

of

32

ounces.

85

grains.

sulphite

Potassium

formulas

viz.:

Water

Sodium

the

oz.

5 dr.

6^ drams.

carbonate
and

(2)" In boilingwater

3i

ounces,

ounce,

dissolve
Potassium

metabisulphite
and

Hydrochlorate
and

add

to

the

of caustic
solution

para-amidophenol

drams,

solution, by constantlyagitating it,saturated

formed
soda, till the precipitation

is used

exigenciesmay

of

diluted

with

from

require.
133

to 50

is redissolved.

volumes

of

tion
soluThe

water,

as

Adventure

An

DEVELOPER

THAT

NOTES

AND

hot

neutral

When

water.

grains oxalic

add

100

and

cooled.

JANEWAY,

litmus

KINDS

OTHERS

AND

OF

OF

WISE.

THE

Dissolve

potash.

of

NEGATIVES,
PoRTMAX,

OF

WlSDOM

THE

potash

(and be particularthat it is cold, not

acid

dissolved

1 fluid

in

half the acid solution

Add

testing with

ALL

WITH

oxalate

cold

Photography

CONDENSED

IS

ADEE,

pound

"

WELL

WHEREIN

GRUNDLACH,
A.

WORKS

in

until

paper

and

at once,

red

bright

of

ounce

tepid !)

hot

water

the rest

specks

be

can

in the

slowly,
seen

on

the paper.
g.

Take

"

100
80

distilled water

Add

eight

will

keep
changeable

and

and

get it

can

iron

be full of

We

well.

will

which

cleaned

well, and

of
crystals

the

the bottle

and

(ifyou

Shake

ounces.

placeuntil

well

put into it

grains protosulphateof iron (2 ounces

grains citric acid,
of potassium.
grains bromide

960

to

bottle

ounce

nature

we

vial

dissolved.

pale

found

of the iron

to

on

!)to make

its side in

This

will

soon

of

account

on

buy

occur,

the

bottles

ounce

up

warm

beautifullyclear

green,

it wise

could

never

lay the

are
a

Troy),

liquid
able
perish-

of

dered
pow-

being kept away fi-om the air kept very well.

Another
way is to fill up the sulphate of iron bottles with water, and
whenever
out to fill up again with water.
any crystalsare taken
To obtain
of the iron solution to one
gray printstake two drams
These

iron.

fluid
To
to the

To

obtain

dense

gray

mixture

obtain

fiftyper
water

and
tones

warm

cent,

once

of it have

and

Mr.

give one

short

or

exposure.
one

half-ounce

water

seconds'

two
a

longer exposure.
perfectnegative and about

adding three-fourths

to

one

ounce

of

solution.

from

A. Adee's.

failed.
not

prints,add

take
(so-called)

I copy

A.

rather

white

longer exposure,

formula

ours, but
never

black

to the oxalic

This

Give

of the oxalate.

ounce

Even

our

our

It

note-book
is

it is not

admirable,and

messings and

affected its active usefulness.

134

has

variations

Printingby Development
The

clearing solution

quart of
5

dozen

We

water.

by

Eastman's

is

hundred

about

use

prints.
iixing bath

is

grains of oxalic

gallon

good

of

to

clearing solution

; but

one

acid

that

one

one

to

pleases us

is
especially

"

Fixing soda
Acid
sulphite

200

double

or

sulphite

of soda

50 grams.

Water
Alum

needed

well

some

settled in

minds

our

and

needed, the
in his
iron

as

sphere and

to

ounce

to the

pint for

bromide

the

water

third

freely;

he

in

the

for

as

it

impair
a

color

more

contrast

much

bromide

acid

much

as

ing.
for clear-

clearings,half

the first two

clearing,and

of

positive that

times

oxalic

uses

doubtedly
Un-

the way

rich

is

sixteen

uses

He

requests.

graduate,
altogether

bromide.

and

clean

as

he will have

iron, and

pint of

of

Grundlach

Sometimes

formula

value

not

are

promise

get

you

in

question is,Does

the

us

excess

uses

he has

Eastman's

ounce

He

bromide.

more

developer as
One

an

safe.

in

We

its approvers

Can

is used

is color

bromide

that

tones

developer mixed

by bromide.

to the

as

all

the

bromide

where

normal

contrast, but with

purity of

the

this bath.

restrained

it does
restraint

with

It is well to have

"

also

and

1000 grains.
is not

NOTES.

(not grains).

grams

for the

water

pure

fourth.

Imlah

preferslong exposure

"quickexposure
a

much

iron

used

they can

as

much
as
profitable)
Boracic
"

acid

makes

developerto

weak

in
bear.

thin

iron,and
In

extreme

by experiencethat

know

(aridwe

strong developer. Dense

and

developer weak

need

and

as

one

good

to

three for

restrainer

in

negatives
negativesas
he

has

it is safe

and

cases

proportion.

the

stead

of

bromide.

(E. Audra.)
Never

neutralize

or

acidify solutions
135

by

litmus

paper

at

night ;

lamp

or

gas

to color.

The

in

Adventure

An

light,being

less

or

more

Photography
yellow,gives

(Adee.)

"

followingtoning bath

at all green

well, after fixing,if the printis

answers

Sulphocyanide of
of gold
Chloride

minute

in this bath

grains.
grain.

ounces.

30

ammonium

Water
Half

values

uncertain

will

give

print a

the

longer time will turn the printblue, which

moonlight effects." (Portman.)
a

rich black

answers

very

tone

well

for

"

DEVELOPER

EIKONOGEN

PRINTS

BROMIDE

FOR

No.

1.
120

Sulphite soda (pure crystals)

Water

Dissolve, and

No.
carb

No.

grains.

240

grains.

with

1 to

one

No.

ounce

ounces.

2.

be
potass, solution
drops of bromide
may
advantage, but I prefer a developer that has been used

fresh,

If made
added

60

5
ounces

ounces.

2.

Water
Three

grains.

add

Eikonogen

Potass,

BROWN).

(GEN. JOSEPH

few

already for negatives.

HYDROQUINONE

DEVELOPER

No.

FOR

BROMIDE

PRINTS.

1.
240

Sulphite soda (pure crystals)

Water
ve,

and

grains.
ounces.

add
60

Hydroquinone
136

grains.

CHAPTER

VII

INTERIORS

GOOD

interiors

anything

else.

in

their

They
is

There

plate.

depend

that

taken

on

is

Everything

presentment.

on

rapid

very

followed

be

can

than

patience

on

best

are

rule

no

more

slavishly
of

question

lighting.
We

began trustfully exposing

in-doors

minutes

in

all

keep

depends

negative,

only

and

fluctuating

We

for

by

There
saw

until

is

discussed
we

took

grave
in
a

corner

the

time

but
a

138

of

results.

to

were

small

stop,

imperative.

had

never

room,

is

thought

we

half.

that

commonly
use

picture

making

negative plates

books
of

the

and

is

determine

We

print.

of

around

according

definition

fault
the

plates

dealings

our

sharp

in

factor

rior
inte-

an

your

ever

reduce

or

clear

good

interiors

in

in

liberal

were

rewarded

add

and

nearly right,

light

many
very

and

hour

an

could

small

expose

for
of

we

way

taken

prowled

have

amount

deceptive

to

was

intruders,

the

As

"

And

I have

us.

gave
and

away
on

The

allowed.

rule

minutes,

two
to

camera,

It

the

pictures

queer

rule,

out-of-doors."

seconds

as

the

by

and

that

often

we

experienced
beheld

iu

the

LIBRARY

CORNER.

Interiors

singular large circle

touch
It

of

halation

we

How

multitude

are

whit

one

It

subject.
would

peculiaraccount

of

made,
too

films
are

we

for

rare

and

nearer

on

have

we

and

how

of the
the

as

amateur,

It

is,we

read

the

painstakingcomrade, considerablyeasier

one

negativein fiftyor sixtyor

"

"

back

all those

fiftyor

kind

of second

in
frequently

glass. Usually it can

can

be

of thin

give

deprivedof
starch,or
mat

any

surface.

to

the

found

repeat
it is to

frightfully
happens
picture

focusing. Glass

by coatingit with

have

to

backing.

liquid substance

other

We

while

cern
con-

suggest

taking,is the glareon

be detected

"

many
to

halation,which

to

this shine

however, to take down

else in its

non-actinic

cousin

interior view

hundred

it

noise
rare

so

hundred, than

sixty or

dry plateswith
susceptible

the

to

the

that

manage,

venture

the

laid to

has

demoralizingperilsto
it.

say that

is very

who

"

other films

was

halation

it

lighton

have

we

on

avoid

to

glass. In spiteof

average

about

papers

celluloid and

opinionthat

tered
encoun-

hearts and

our

but

glass;

knew.

never

books

halation, which

well

as

more

himself

hands

supposed that

was

from

in
persists

we

the wiser for this diffused

free

be

came

it comes,

is,why

lay our

cannot

we

it

of articles in

it

what

"

brighterlightthe blighting

again. Since that time

came

never

but

halation.

of

it

even

that

wash
will

simpler,

pictureand put something

place.
139

An

The

wise
to

room

view.

We

have

tried the scheme.

it did the

good

of

sense

We

done

having

angleof

could

never

tell

.itgivesthe

But

not.

or

betes noirs

the

are

have

They
vestigeof

duty, and

his

that

take

their

and

hypo,

way

window

to

of

blinds

the

until

just before
the

cap

no

hair

printingand

on

little alcohol

brushes, to

time

be

One

window
of

reduce

keep

them

completingthe

the

the

the

time

shut

exposure,

blinds

lengthof

and

however,

may,

and

replacedand

exposed for

and the window

go

dilemma,

of potassium
ferricyanide

the

the

may

them

condition.

proper

shut

when

rapher.
photog-

spaces,

this

afterwards,with

camel's

some

dealingwith

to let

; and

or
turpentine,

and

white

fuzzy

of

is
opinion,

own

interior

becoming developed by

mere

best way

The

humble

our

are

the

or
architecture,
curtains,
space beyond

window

being left.

of

trick of

lightuntil they

the

opened
sufficient

printit clearly.

to

took

once

his
fire,

the
of

of the

the

gratifying.
Windows

in

least

of

corners

taken, with lamps placedout

photographera
is

Photography

lightingdark

recommend

be

whether

in

Adventure

pretty pictureof

little

curlyhead

child

asleepbefore

the open

restingon

the sunlightfallingon
huge picture-book,

through

long

two

It
to be taken

was

to

windows

corner

avoid

cross

on

either

and
fireplace,

lights. He
140

side of

leaves
him

the fireplace.

precautionshad
was

taken

asleep

Interiors

because

he could
of

blinds

window

one

minutes,and

two

yet soft,with
the

the

the

whole

the open
see

dim

better windows
mother

or

said,"Oh,
!"

him

Yet

trivial defect

better

and
rectilinear,

doesn't

too

bar

is rather

more

and
dream

to

much

like

and

at

the lines
of the

the
were

apparent

image

141

tiful
beau-

of
peculiarity

the

wouldn't

one

screen

dare

its

ground glass;

say the

glance at

he is

line!
out-

of the other

any

tion
explanaone

looks

planein focusing. If

will hereafter
whether

is not

hen-coopin

rectilinear lines is that

careless amateur

calculate

with

crooked.

the central

and

than

the

on

culprit
; the swing-

it is the

naturallyonly at

screen

the

that it is in collusion
look

has

the

mantelpieceand

"obsessed"

evil-doers in the camera,

mischief

child's

It is perfect

display;it

to

ask

not

the

sweet?

look

curtains

could

You

trees.

Probably the swing-backwas

back

the window

displaythat picture. It

never

are

which

defined.
beautifully

were

he

pictures

on
figure,

and
lighteffects,

the beautiful

windows

The

the pattern
mantelpiece,

the child's

and

lawn

did not take

strong and clear,

up

between

but
trivial,

"

the

as

space

opened later,

of half-tones.

focused,all

picturewas
could

well

as

rug

position.The

exposure

negativecame

walls,the carvingof

Through

of

The

that

closed,and

were

largerange

of the Persian

one

kept quieterin

the best result.

with

on

be

making

any

the top of his

a

coop

out

of

Adventure

An

his

in

walls,and

thus

be

warned

have

been

in

vain.

will

not

Often, a

fire is

pleasantto

include

in

in

burning
it.

Photography

the

the

been

is because

it has

fire has vanished.

This

printed itself

out

little

reducing mixture

the

to

is

exposure

the

other

for the

them.

about

is

But

crime.

The

interior of

largewhite
the

sun

"

were

cat

"

interior

be

to

room

tidiness

England

books

ishes
ban-

graphed
photothe

on

litter

at

see

blinking at

its
142

of

the

day

the
after

mansion.

would
fireplace

which

suggestion

some

The

flames.

angle; the pictureshave

uncompromising severityof
That

of the

light

give

piles; no cheerful,homely

New

the

the

and

amateur

garnished.

neat

have

ordinary

swept and

in
house-cleaning,

increase

image

the

will do

because
picture,

it will both

inside the view

is allowed

of the

the

neous
instanta-

largestop

effect to

the

placedin

are

take

leapingflames.

exposure

suggestionas
table

parts

interiors
interesting

most

the

the

to

it is

; but
to

ready to light;

instantaneous

soft,broad
desirable,
The

small

short,but

too

the lens

on

laid

large stop to

from

changing
harm

no

wonders

good plan is

unlighted but

with

exposure
The

painting with

lens,lightthe fire,and give an

the

to cap

do

sometimes

reducer.

the fire

picturewith
then

will

help the

well to

as

sight.

be

negativehas

developedthe

of

It would

scene.

when

But

humiliation

time, my

this

be

improved

moment

glow.

But

if

purringin
we

did

not

Interiors

put the
in

in,because

cat

positionfor

one

shall put into

we

certain

cat

not

the

printedinto
it into the

will

bit

need

Interiors

They

the

seen

tables
of

The

its best

flash

small

such

its base

Most

sorry

is

our

be

must

not

flash

We

if

can

Open

without
in the

we

very

managed

legs and

to

has

picture

the diminutive

vast

size ?

deal of enthusiasm

instantaneous

this enthusiasm

with

the unsupported

be of immense
a

wide-

Who

foregroundof

hailed with
Sesame

its distortion.

of

giant chairs
looming up

with

taken

phy
photogra-

has cooled of late

flash-light
pictureshave rampant contrast,

half-baked
chalky,undeveloped,
can

one

no

art !

theatrical

of detail,
thick shadows, and
slighting

that

and put

and
perspective,

lens

account

in interiors ; but
years.

neatly

inition.
stop,as they requiresharp def-

commonly

light was

the

"

of the creature.

meretricious

againstthe wall,must

as

are

of cotton

cat

drawing-room,which, to judge from

furniture

day, however

about

rug up

that

cat

out.

are

caution,on

have

some

blink

expected to

We

being tawdry and

angle lens; but

some

the

being found

escape

scene

breathingimage

suspect how

don't mind

stir,
being

to

positionof

ever

hour

an

fireside

shall bunch

We

not

half
a

be

cat cannot

make

of these

light. The

artistic

our

143

general

are

teurs
ama-

pictures. We
flash-light

giftedsouls.
babies of

There

look.

We

do

families

not

have

affect the
not

been

Adventure

An

taken

in

their

little skins

They
under
think

have

by

cunning
their

been

their noble

in

Photography

little bathtubs

adoringaunts

taken

out-doors

trees,also under

they look quiteas pretty.

144

; not
on

and

their

sweet

they,not by

their velvet
umbrellas

us

lawns

; and

we

CHAPTER

VIII

PORTRAITS

"

"

Take
is

with

the

front

caynt

her

be

mother

well,"

says

fashion.

was

She

handkerchief

said

she

matter

her
10

look

her"

of

health.

simply

think

notion

is

It is she

slip of

addressing.
the

pretty old, and

and

we

And

sister

and

holp

you

all's

longer.
come

girl

with

quiet sigh

the

much

be

with

throat

her
proper
145

Sunday

was

daughter's

to

as

small
brass

forty, and

than

more

nuthin'

the

about

her

politely inquired

we

the

her

and

gown,

peart, ginerrally

that

tell your

"

photography

to

her

about

in

day,

next

bright, figured

when

of

afternoon."

to

"right

was

the

feet

maw's

unsuited

as

had

not

"

to

some

pinned

did

She

it is that

much

Jane

appeared

which

Jane.

says

"

maw

gyardeu."

here

come

mother

attire,

frock
her

"

little

draw

to

girl,nervously smoothing

right glad
the

to

The

keep

she
bare

the

weed

man

Very

and

calico

to

expect

black

face

willing

picture?

," and

answers

of

we'd

me,

mother's

pretty

CONFESSION

all be

you

Mrs.

"

Yes'm,"

torn

"

wud
"

your

that

"

Miz

SAY,

solicitude

filial attitude.

was

We

took

weeded

the

her

and the daughtershonorably

portrait,

want

; and

it

both

purse

and

oar

flattered that any

lost

have

it will

not

our

wane,

trouble

and

the

brought

miles

expense

the

palls on

long since
but

one

ing
of refus-

think

not

admiration

been

have

babies

on

did

fain

the

and
increases,

thereof;and

that

people;

own

our

often

we

But

would

we

repeated,so

so

were

we

admirers.

among

rather

drain

picturesthat

our

jaded taste

often

one

sensible

first

kind

the

fame

At

time.

should

Photography

garden.

become

it has
our

Adventure

experience is

The

in

An

to

our

camera.

do

To

sitters

our

they
justice,
known

to

pay,

and

have

been

or

chickens

with

sincere

receive

cordiality.We
of

out

gratefulmother

the

; and

from

dissuaded
difficulty

with

was

suggest eggs, onions,

to

(made
fishing-rod

region)from

willing
perfectly

are

did. in

fact,

of

cane

the

gratefulfather

sending

live

us

owl.
southern

The
his

tenants,

brandy
"

"

store

in

he will go

sickness

buy

them

or

lemons

any

to
cheerfully

the

But

he

frying chickens

natural

protector of

all their

wants, from

photographs in

to

at

nothing !

tender

expected to supply

keeps oranges

fruit will

for

planteris stillthe

will

or

the
apples,

priceasked

that
146

be
never

desirer of

; if it has

house
planter's
not

If the

health.

and

none,

get them

ungrateful shades
"

cost

us

of

cent, and

HOW

THE

FOCUS

BETRAYS.

But

we

of

dark

side of the

againstthe

told her

lightingfrom

tablecloth

rather

lessened

round

thrown
the

other

the

on

look

home.

becoming

fur-trimmed

jacket,and

be

must

the sake of
look

the

as

happy

as

precepts

who

focuses

avoid the
a

rather
that

of
a

endure

those who

on

her very

She

had

said

the

comfortable
wear

it

; but

148

not

was

pictureand

her would

wish

her
that
for

to

see

mind

photographer

sharpestplane,in
look

she did not

natural.

for the

order

I told her to

same

sharply,namely,to

detail.

most

I told

jacket,but

short limit to the exposure,

focused

slipped

carefully,
bearingin

of the

we

lighting

was

of retouching. Then
necessity

not

It

discomfort
fleeting

screen.

to

in the

pleasantexpressionand

I had

of

distinguishedFrench

trifle out

her with

on

and

warm

love

top

they always

which

Jane

was

show

not

she put

I focused

the

assume

so

day

effect of

of the

walls

jacket.

willingto

art

her look.

to

the

Jane,

the reflector that

of

persuaded

the temperature would

she

side

side of the house

Southern

summer

reflected

after the sun,

obliquelythrough

Jane

the

screen

about

said that

usefulness

rigged up

wall

much

over

I put the

house, making

give

enough.

not

screen.

green

studios,so

thoughtto

not

lightwas

skylight. She

white

had

that

would

reflectors in

had

Photography

portraitof Jane, out-doors.

background
which

discovered

soon

I took

in

Adventure

An

I gave
reason

soften the

HOW

WE

BETRAY

THE

FOCUS.

Portraits ;

The
I

platewas
able to

was

The

developedwith

as
judiciously

as

pjro,

develop.

negativehad plentyof contrast, but

half-tones.

in

Confession

justly:"Come

said
think

to

Jane.

to

so

of

She

it,there

lacking

was

repliedvery

were

half-tones

no

take except in the face."

to

It

the

of

This

screen.

flattened the

figureon
the

there

will show.

which

pearl-graybackground
hair would

have

her hair melted

focus and

; and

me

said

"

who

one

sweet,

isn't it?

Mrs.

that it

one

I liked the

some

What

outlined

into the screen,

told every

Nevertheless

been

which

But

how

the

use

it home

face ! Who

ill she looks

it was,

of green

picked it

Jane

now

in admirable

was

took

taken

Jane's
piano),

made

was

pale,sad

always

light

againstit ; as

pictureand
knows

as

If I had

we

(formerlythe waterproofcovering of
dark

it
gloomy effect,

such
relief,

no

jacket

background

green

had

was

background

dark brown

dark

only

not

picture;

dark

hair and

into the

merged

almost

were

Jane's black

true.

was

with

up

why,

"

felt

and
it is

"

Now, Jane
at
spirits

in

was

the time

sitting
up
And

the

reason

did
certainly

but she

in

and

perfecthealth

look like

for the first time after

was

the

dull

good

very
a

valescent
con-

long illness.
the

dark

it could

have

lightingand

screen.

We
been

used

never

used

to

the

again.

screen

good advantage with

149

But

different

subject.

An

Instead

of

Adventure

the green

cloak
travelling
We

moved

focus.

This

screen

try to get

and

to

the

on

clothes-horse

alarming feature

focus,which

makes

of the

such

their

faces.

lengthpictureof
than

had

pictureof

this

background

also

sun

and

for reflectors.

The

sun,

side of the face

opposite.

little way

the littleboy and

is its short
tween
be-

contrasts

before

illustrate better

can

of

out

and

of the

landscapelens

out

blanket.

put it

to

rightside

the

by

girland

them,

the

full-

vignette

Sunday-schoolclass

be

plane they

would

as

camera

And
looked

with

would

could

wounded

while

be

the

spiritwhose

would

never

the

sun

plane

one

on

they were

stiff.

We

was
difficulty

as

near

one

on

did

child

get

look

they would
150

and

turned

turned
it while

over

at

even

little
;

be

profileaway,

his back

on

the

life remained.

the sun,

squint and

worse

that would
a

the

face for each

front

picture;

child who

obliged to

they were

if

giants;

Another

expect

of

not

the

plantation,

problem by putting the

be put into

the mother

at

and

the

on

they were

unendurably

to the fore.

the mothers
child

pygmies

could

children

If

given.

they would

we

others,to fightin

difficulty,
among

Jane's

is here

which

horse

gray

back

pearl-gray

by description.

We

best

the

uncomfortable

people'shands, held
and

the

the
strikingthe reflectors,
lights
An

used

we

piano,or

gives depth

We

sheet

Photography

background well

our

softness.
use

of the

in

yet

blink !

if

they
Jane,

An

Adventure

in

Photography

like foliage
certain,
; its lovelyhalf-tints

(when properly focused,which

focused

; it demands

An

heads.

But

not

may

risk

not

and

if you

for

little

shutter

on

may

picture;but again you

your
not

ness
soft-

two

powerfulsunlight. You

have

not

restful

instantaneous

an

except with

when

pretty background

all the details of

bringout
of

do

umbrella

an

is

ment
treat-

the eye.

nothing from

umbrella

broad

means

have

stopped down)

sharplyor

and

plentyof

time

it is not
platesand plentyof patience,

and

plenty

advised

to risk

the chance.
do

We

say that

not

of

Hundreds
effectively.
such

critic

rash

merely confess

We

where

she

uses

overcome
successfully

matic

plate; and, our

over

The

an

hour.
than

afternoon,more
we

decided

home

arise

not

was

heart

that trusted

tree

the

own

shows
for

without

mark

fute
con-

Jane's

once,

latest

trait,
por-

and

has

difficulties.

afternoon,on
studio

Indeed, we

on

to

it.

background

not

compositionof

worth

most

that assertion.

of

an

this

have

composing
the
our

152

orthochro-

being justthen

developedvery delicately
by

was

Davenport.

took

maker

used

leafagehas frequently(in our

late in the

taken

was

order,it
of

the

however,
frontispiece,

The

be

not

examples would

as

that

persons)betrayedthe

It

foliagemay

taking;
plates.

Mr.

Hostletter

simple picture
spent

in

whole

picturewhich
and

have

gone

Portraits ;

The

largerstops
values.

give truer

part, the
We
small

Unluckily,the
three

feel that the

be

to

children
lens
And

nearlylife-sizeon
This

to

is

an

There

work

some

classes,in

There

is

as, in

man

of

art

dren
chiltheir

five-by-eight

rash

experiments.

result of

portraits

take

our

is,
portraits

hatchet ! "

knowledge

Buy

limits of

the

is

are

pyramidical

is

there

the

duty done

the technical

153

if he

can

ner
man-

same

divisions,

half-dark,and dark;
tint,

believes his

pictures

carpenter spirit.

in
composition,

chiaro-oscuro,there

artlessly

divide

who
professionals,

circular

acquired.

be

to

composition. It

saw-and-hammer

middle
light,
half-light,
honest

as

figureswithin

and
angular composition,

and
composition,

have

to

we

the nearest,step. Beyond

simplest,

of the
the

pleasedto

disappointment
; and

are

lens.

vista of

is the whole

usual

is

your

of your

illimitable

to

furniture with

the lens is the

taught by
into

led

there

"

sometimes

all crave

intendingto

amateur

an

portraitlens,or keep
But

has

landscapelens

try to make

the best

to be

the cards

disappointment. The

by

Don't

mothers

largerones.

children

children;and

"

first advice
"

proportionof

manage.

to

taken

five

dear

our

picturedis too great !

as

can

of

the

to

sive
impres-

wide-anglelandscapelens,

than
satisfactory

more

mothers

mothers

the

be subordinate.

that,with

figureswere

since they
portraits,

the figure
is
portrait

should

rest

found

soon

better for

are

In

Confession

and the

get his

com-

An

positioninto
he

much
the

Adventure

will take.

the

same

another

the

One

shadow, and

it is

only the

dark

the

as

the face

be

shadow

fall

will

seem

with

the

photographerscall it,if
in shadow
the

on

broader

photographerin
and

they
And

easy

And

looking!

heap

picturetook
nose

nature

The

is

nose

smaller

side.

the

the

The

smaller

town

country

pictureslit

up

broad

side of

if the

face,also,

same

side

said

shaded

than

professional
"

frankly, Well,

They

talk and

and
splendidly,

is crooked
he

What

folks want

talk,

mighty
in

ters.
sit-

graphs
photo-

justlike themselves,only a heap better

these

artistic

When

worse.

for

why

to see

is

nose,

than
straighter

for these artists.

is to look

sees

justas pictures
; but they don't pleasethe

handsome

look

the

with

use

show

who

three-quarter

in shadow.
largerside partial!}'

ain't got much

background,

the
features,
particularly

completely changed by lighting. In

view,

putting

man

rare

very

decide.

of the

contour

againstthe

ing
light-

sitters

will recommend

man

of the face

that the face must

The

decide which

Generallyhe lightshis

way.

lightedside

Photography

the classes and

of

one

in

his

girl,he

to make

photographeris

pretty pictures.I

his

feller

ain't

in

comes

going to

get

'Tain't in

"

between

the

two

his impefires,
rious

imperioussitters

more

confess

to

them

like it if his

!
strikinglighting

should, neither

art ideals and

photographs make

154

who

sneaking sympathy

want

with

THE

GREAT

SOUTHERN

PROBLEM.

An

They

that

both

seem

the

at

fountain-heads
is

but

forming

bilities
possi-

and

guides.

superfluousto

knowledge obtained by

of

that

from

him

direct

we

rience,
expethese

to

minute

just these

river of

trustier

no

presumptuous

time

same

immeasurable

in time.

have

can

little dribble

our

there

be, he

not

Photography

such

he will be warned

If he shall

offer

in

reveal

]ikelyto

are

It may

Adventure

streams

for

knowledge
practical

the

amateur.

little points have

few

novel,but useful.

not

Stout

people

better

are

in

us

for

the

same

portraiture,

submitted

with

mility.
hu-

(that is,thinner)pictures
their

standing position making

standing, a
longer;

They

take

to

come

reason

thin

necks
be

subjectshould

seated.
When

takingthe

results than

gives better
The
and

hands

should

Unless
of

whole

are

be

as

almost

full view.

full of character

as

as

the

face,

treated.
carefully

the amateur

advantagefor

view
figure,a three-quarters

have

him

Orthochromatic

to

studio with

take his

is
skylight.it

subjectout-doors.

much

platesare

the

best

platesfor

portraits.
Unless
some

he

have

portraitlens, a

previous knowledge

of

156

art, and

teachable

spirit,

exceeding

pa-

Portraits ;

is better for him

tience, it

Confession

not

to

attempt portraiture

all.

at

That
*

is

I have

our

said

If the amateur

confession.*

nothing
have,

as

about

one

of

retouching.
us

It is

branch

by

itself.

has, a smattering of knowledge of

figure drawing, he will find retouching a simple matter, especially

on
unvarnished

films.

For

retouching medium, a little gum camphor

dissolved
in Venice
turpentine (the proportions are not of vital
the mixture
is thin
importance, they regulate themselves
; when
enough to rub on easilyit will be right)will do all that one can ask.
And
both landscapesand portraits
be helped by judicious,
can
slight
retouching. Excessive retouching is baneful anywhere and always.
Any retouching is a confession of failure.
Gihon's
neutral tint and Chinese
A few pencils,
some
some
opaque,
white, with a magnifying handglass such as most people have in the
house to inspect photographs,are all the necessary
paraphernaliafor
to
retouching we hold to be a wrong
slightretouching. And much
allude to a retouchingdesk ;
the negative. So we do not so much
as
because
there is in the credulous
spiritof the beginner in amateur
photography, a blind yearning to buy things ; and we could never
this pernicious
forgiveourselves were any word of ours to encourage
a

craving,

157

CHAPTER

IX

TRICKS

THERE

of

is

photograph
its

on

"

unconscionable

give

not

the

of course,

give
its

in

along
almost

bounds

no

One

in

the

to

of

outline

of

nature.

the

tops

and

surface

the

be

placed
"

to

in

print

the

hills, pasted

fibre

the
at

the

the

paper,

and

paper,
base

sky

of

should

softened

to

are

of

the

anything

be

out

of

side

of

the

could

so

outlines

dabbler

paper
the

finger

the

by

the
tive,
nega-

rubbed

the

that

print through
the

gets

there

Nothing

cut

hills

plates,

by introducing

glass

the

do

it

pretty much

with

plates

falsehoods

the

We

to

no

period,

is

it

when

forests.

the

on

and

can

lens

given

And

photographer

it

The

was

ourselves
flat

our

"

it

instant

values,

printing

amused

we

into

part of the
of

to

graph.
photo-

orthochromatic

even

colors

day

the

angle

slightest degree.

moistened
away

wide

people,

most

about

lie

to

ity
fidel-

merciless

know

color

easier, supposing
art

its

can

hills

snow-capped

much

in

to

You

like.

be

the

how

truth

career

photograph.
you

liar

exact

the

is, its tripod's legs.

negative lies,for

The

lie.

with

people,

begins

that

legs

'"
"

shows

writing

most

an

It

photograph."

especially

stand

phrase

current

tree-

opaque

the

same

Tricks

trick, and, lo !

"

With

verdure

to the ravished

If

that
be

you

have

you

don't

like,you
the

for it.

practiceit
the very

is

consider

considerable

it shall deceive

is another

question. We

then

have

the entire

take

figure in

on

black

of the

sits,a

image

red, or

or

the

white

any

of the
usual
a

do

it at

all,

laid

over

the

ure
fig-

and

care

mangle

the

it with

largeenough
the

figureis

to

cut

we

like.

non-actinic

blank

Having
color,

we

landscape,and printthe
way.

There

will

come

landscapewherein stands,

figure.
159

doned
aban-

to

dispose this

positionthat

any

so

landscape.

landscapeand

in

of the

mask

are

exactest

the sheet of paper

printingframe
clear

to

we

figureitself.

with

(Don't try

the back

landscapeitself

of the

negative;thus,when

out, there remains

painted it

it,when

writingpaper

this

out

cut

scissors.)We

we

do

we

image

exact

knife.

or

you

neatlythat

doing

thick

on

sharp,sharp

out

happen)

with

artistic guardianangelas

our

negativethe

paste it

so

in which

is to first trace

paper

easy, but

may

it is.

manner

Now

landscapethat

not

it is worth

by

cover

the

landscape
figureshould
a

elect.

don't think

We

(unlessthe

can

be done

can

Whether

The

This

like,in

you

oppositeside,which

printyour, figureinto
best

the hills appear, delightfu

!"

sense

figure that

lightedfrom

clad

Now

the

second

mask

An

into

comes

film

figureis

in the

of the

paintedlike

fitted with

the

to

exactly,and
ground
stick

of

of

results;but

things,and
him
sun

nor

weird

the

much

too

in

him,

have
a

her, with

or

have

not

not

printedthe landscapein
from

the

perfectpieceof
belonged

to

figure
"

work

the

of

any

if you

life will be less beset with

and

"

in

light,

ently
slightest
respect differ-

have,

On

short,made

in

look

if it

as

whole, taking

the

and
briers,

bourgeon

another

too

or

it,the figurewill

landscape.

wrong

lighted

nor

dark

too

pathway through

everythinginto account, perhapsyour

will blossom

undesirable

suggest that he has

to

the

sliced off

have

will

crooked

on

will

feathers)to

either of these

printedhim

ours,"nor

portionsof

quite as

done

pastedhim
as

way

you

printed-in
figure-ma

else's clothes

and

the

is about

consequence,

tar

that

figure,or

the

one

of

been

print is

can

cut

some

coat

if you

such

than

that,in

shrubberyor

or

(likea

outline

will not

figure

glassside

the

printsaccordingly. It

that you

one

the

mask, having

only thing that

laid

the blank

nicetyto

second

is

paper

landscape,and

extremest

the

The

which
figure,

hundred

printed

is fixed firmlyover
first,

negative.

central

Photography

first

while
landscape,

of the

in

requisition. The

against the
white

Adventure

your

better

moral

shape,if

nature

you

let

combination-figure
printingalone.
The

commonest

printing-inclouds.

form

of combination

There

are

160

two

printingis
ways

of

the

doing

Tricks

this,both

both
greatlyprizedby professional
printers,

villanouslyabused.
of the

that
negative,

filled with

the

the

both

search

Of

sky.

the

and

make

other,to

print in
in

amateur

decorate

dissemble

of

methods

"

wrinkles

of

glass side

regular cloud

will

the

only

printing.
"

be

pretendto

course,

combination

belongs properlyto

treatingof
a

is to

it may

clouds ; the

negative,and
latter

One

But

forgivemy

giving a skylessnegative

sky, here.
Burton

suggests yet

third

sky, althoughit gives no

the

the

making

lower

it

often

To

seen.

laid under
book

which
book

or

some

the cardboard
11

diffused
but

this,after

do

improving the

simplyto
the

upper,

slowly,which

lightertint
shaded

the

shade
thus
will
the

than

sky,such

printis made,

as

it

is

is

and a
placefor printing,
on
heavy object is placed on the glass,
the

on
flat,
glass,

(the book)
conceals

cloudless

other,and give a

than

more

part print more

necessarilymake

of

It is

clouds.

part of the sky

lower

method

the

is laid

sheet

of cardboard.' The

landscape portionof

shades

the

sky.
161

the

and
print,

Adventure

An

The

above

cut

will

in

Photography

explain; it is copiedfrom

Burton's

"Photographic Printing.''
"

the

is the sheet

book,

similar

or

Of

of

far

beyond

will not
But

had

have

we

as

printingthe negative
the

positionof
B

C C

the

the

diagram ;
involved

To

the

front

if

shaded

diagram.
in

keep A

to

edge

the
not

in

The

burning

match

to

the

two

decorator
and

fused
dif-

project

of the

latter

is the

cardboard

shading

in
board,
card-

ordinaryprintingframe,

an

position.The

in

the

by

"

cloud
of the
a

reader

will

meagreness

inabilityof

the

the intricacies of perspective

presentment

smudges

in

results from

thick

wrestle with
a

board.
card-

to

better

by

it is caused
to

is

print."

in full of the

printingframe, the cardboard,and

"return

geometric formalityand

present illustrator

of the

that

negative

supports

are

kindly excuse
of

the

is the

to

good

pieceof

allow

taken

on

it ; B

performed

be

must

abrupt mark

an

be

printingmust

the book

cause

printunder

C is the

and

object;

course,

light. Care
so

the

glasswith

the

''

stand-bys

shapes

supports.

of the

fession.
pro-

glass sometimes

takes

sometimes
little,

he

dabs

An

one

course,

can

of

and

very

have

the

blockingout

doctors

obeyed the

not

and

approval of

the

probably some

white

he
quitefitted,

will

as

we

careful

as

the

might

somehow
Two

skies

our

years

ago

sky

of each

out

on

the

scene

the
take

have
very

maskings

our

read

scene,

of art

way.

other

plate,in

the first

land.
would

we

original

own

very

we

skies,

our

that

; and

as

on

belongto

to

second

very

consider
lighting,

our

gettingthe

the

the

place,and

eschew

cloud

negatives,forevermore.

regrettedthat day.
to

way

there

them

with the

cloud

never

best

of

the

to

on

negative,in

and
printing-in
We

to

conscience,

the wrong

nerves

seemed

entire attention

give our

our

promised each

we

having

printingwas

evening,canons

never

with

gain little.
cloud

character

after

might, evening

of

his

lines where

about

might

we

his landscape

masking

the consciousness

it rubbed
decent; artistically,
as

of

landscape-tinted
sky

Technicallyspeaking,our
Be

Photography

the trouble

to

go

varnish,but beyond

Bates's

and

in

Adventure

with

and
developer,

get clouds
the
to

into

lens,and

to

them,

arrest

To

mind,

our

the

print is

there

fix them

should

to

they flee,

with the reducer.

It is too

great

Vignettingcan
it is not

and

wise

hardly be
deceiver

peopleare

faults.
neighbors'

to
responsibility

any

called

"trick"
than

more

deceivers who
The

invent

are

sky.
with

those

kindly

silent about

vignettetells the truth,but

164

tice;
justheir
not

Tricks

the whole

truth ; and

therebyoften vastlyimproves the

print.
Vignettingis one

of the

operations.Neither
"

requirea special

is

charming photographic

most

it very

difficult. It does

vignetter,"
althoughone

store

vignettesfor landscapescan

size

or

and

they will give as good

shape,out

of brown

be

cardboard
soft

and

not

is

made

venient
con-

of any

tissue paper;

vignettingas expensive

glasses.
The

very

below.

diagram
pieceof

stiff brown

The

for

"

the

and

do

we

in the

want

not

through the

way

frame, the

for the

is to tack

more

the

paste black paper, such

platinotype
papers
the board
Amateurs

and

and

is

as

frame, to exclude
do not

take

the
165

all

on

stray
"

vignette.

the

glassof

the

vignette.

of cardboard

board
vignette
with

in
plentiful

is the

yard

gradual the

comes

any

back

several thicknesses

printingframe, tack

in the

tightlydown

tacked

is lifted from
higherthe vignetter

good

on

in

shown

printingframe,B

the cardboard

opening in

negative
A

vignetteris

cardboard

interloping
lightcoming
is the

of

is the

printingframe

the

to

simplestform

every

on

bromide

them,
and

studio,over

lightnot invited.

interest

in

that
vignetting

An

the

beauty

Adventure

of the results

of the process

nature

in

Photography

and

the flexible and

deserve.

They imagine that vignettingis

(which it

end

the

to

is at

will have
But

and
first),

of the

And

the least

by using

becomes

adjustedto

blue

of

innumerable

cards, thus

have

of

the

trick with

amusing

an

it.

We

of

tentionall
unin-

have

landscapesand

tried it in earnest.

never

Neither

did

to

depicta doppelganger. According

of

Mr.

easilydone)by

the

attempt

ever

the

directions

or

behind

exposures

half,then
Ghosts

of

be

mounting.

compositephotograph is

before

one

the negative,

escaping all

produced compositesboth

says

prints.

platinotypeprocess

faint echo of scientific interest about

to

than

used,

carrier,
vignettescan

print and

sensitizing)
directly on

we

they

be

frame, can

largerprintingframe

the

printed(by

people,but

not),and

simple operation.

to make
attention,

placingthe negativein

The

bother

of it.

none

annoyances

bother

to be

story (which it does

once
vignetter,

without

immense

an

that it continues

vignetting soon

The

tractable

on

all tricks.

of

use

it
an

"opaque half

made

on

the

he

screen,
sive
succes-

plate,first on

same

photographed. They

prefer;

two

(and

other."

the

Your

done

be

can

arranged that

lens,so
be

can

have

we

fashion you

the

Adee,

ghost
he

is

is dressed

posed,and
166

are

in
taken

the easiest

any

spectral

before

some

Tricks

solid

article of furniture.

trifle

longer

firmly the

is

exposure

Then

he

given

furniture,which

developed like

I propose

chapter for
of

that I have
Before

printis
think

you

Perhaps you

mark
with

pencil line
straightand
unselfish

; and

have

ought

not

and

brave

thought

gone

have

gone,

the

that

lead

print

sensible persons,
sweet
same

very

and

thing

they ought

that

they

differ.
lead

into tempers into which

when

haps
Per-

your

many

said words

they have

cut

and

men,

we

ruler and

will cut

educated

Many

it.

trim

to

is,

left for it.

print,and

the other

is where

take

scissors,
you

said,and
to

have

on

this

malign nature,

book

There

easv.

process

prints;

you

line

have

women,

you

photographsin

more

noble

is taken

contain

that if you

true.

many

to

mounted

that is

the

ince
prov-

the

place in

suppose

pencil and

not

other

through

is,that the whole

of

mounting

very

no

not

of

tricks,invariablyof

just this

before

One

reasons.

with

printing

scene,

show

picture.

any

photography does

crammed
than

two

and

away,

apparatus, and

put the mounting

to

the

to

will

ghostlyfigure. It requiresno
and

goes

found

out

they
their

mistake.
You
you

will

have

in twain

to

seem

very

with

cut

largepairof

one

of line that your

have

line
straight

shears

and

smite,there will be
reason

tells you
167

will

; but unless

smite the paper

a

never

tinywaviness
be noticed ;

Adventure

An

eyes and

but your

contrary
sure

and
glass,

printon

with

mark

or

those
and

have

that you

them.

mount

printsare

when

it

There

hard

glass,or

by

one

with the paste,and, as

one

ready for

the card

on

It sounds

be

smoothed

rolled

or

placed under

What
may
until

it is

be
he

in

do

presseddown,
holds

by

the

aiming to
it up

which

we

glass.

greater portion;
and

white

we

platinotype
and

laid in

smeared
oilcloth,

fast as.

smeared, placed

to

theory,the printis
remains

the operator; and

centre,
is to

and

In

card,and

weight to dry.

though placed

covered
dis-

we

the

on

be wet

it ?

of the

the centre

placed in

as

them.

easy, doesn't

so

take

platinotype

printin

Albumen

preferablyon

show.

trimmings,

way,

downward

surface,may

perish

prints,
you

same

at least the

of the film off!

having a
prints,

the

with

cut

turningwill

bromide

it face

remained, or

peeled some
pile on

in the

the

laid

pride,and

took

of

the square,

in successive

ruined

wet

only

may

Albumen, bromide, and

we

justthe

The

and

shears,you

trimmed

all mounted

not

the square,

take the

not

card.

sharp knife by

Having

will tell

carpenter's
square, lay the

hair's-breadth

knife is safe.

The

the

on

pencilby

if you

shears,for

the

by

gets

with

cut

lead

But

the shears.

line

is to take

I know

way

Photography

everybody else's eyes

the

after

"

in

In

actual

there

then

fact the

slips somehow

so
slipunperceived,

to

it is

print,

askew.

that it

the operator will be deceived

look ; and
168

then he will have

to

Tricks

it oil with

soak

he

again,and
of
and

the end

you

mark

where

of these

the middle

After

which

the
the

risks

of

of your

and

the

of the

hand.

convenient

The

wee-est,

to show

and disturb

paste, unless
bubbles

thin

it will

not

will

little

and

stick,and

very

roller,
with

unobtrusive
be

to

called

the level of the

thin,rolls

mischief
the

of the

little

most

lump, is big enough

makes

dots

two

it is smoothed

or
dealers,

big enough

and

and

the middle

is not

The

If

print!

go, you

grain of paste, that

paper.

viciously,

tear

mounting.

rolled with

buy

wrong

paper, because

card

printmust

on

ruined

print is safelyplaced in

can

you

rag

the

will be

middle

of your

it is either

mount,

it will
go

"rattled,"and

sorrows

the exact

decrease

will get

labor,and

soakingand pullingabout,will

much

so

infinite

in

up

generally
;

waves

if very

will curl off the

corners

paper.

But, usually,the

roller

these

of

will roll most

noyances
an-

away.
No
the

roller,
however,
same

pace

cockling paper
put
down
out

small

albumen
of

twisted
hours

the

as

print,and

after
straight

brickyard on
prints,
once,

past.

into

no

cardboard

weight

it has been

top of
and

brickyardthey were

themselves
were

the

the

will make

concaves

the
as

some

day

will

at

keep

off.

taken

boards
after

dry

We

holding

they came

livelyas before,and
before

twenty-four

An

lay

Adventure

before

the

reader

with
great pretensions,
better

than

worked

printsequallywet

back, and
So

The

like

both

cards

and

They

then

wet

both.

Bromide

albumen, being only wet

platinotypeprintsare

blue

are

cockle

not

that

equal contraction.

an

him

treat

only stratagem
to

was

of

mountants

they will

is,soak them

dry with something like

printsdo

that

The

us.

that

"

of

number

hope

hands

our

Photography

the

have

they

well in

in

pleasureto

the

on

mount.

prints.

aristotypeis

the

of

dodger
slipperiest

them

all.
It cannot

than
to

the

albumen

lest it

side

be

laid

and

the

on

of

mountant

has

is

printto mount,
mountautcan

the press in

in order

necessary

laid face downward

; it must

away

with

alcohol

an

that

so

has

be

to

is

it is
second

no

we

have

the

shape

alcohol

The

us.

dry

mountant,

nothing in

happened

on

wherever

There

stay !

water, and

warm

ily
eas-

more

but
truly the discouragerof hesitancy,

great virtues

no

not

it tears

aristotype. However,

warning

freedom

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all-wool

172

arts

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music,

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173

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174

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175

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176

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177

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178

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