Concepts

Structural Dynamics (Control)

Karla Marlen Tamez Lucio 1646286

Universidad Autnoma de Nuevo Len
Monterrey, Mxico

AbstractThis paper expresses the definition of important

concepts mentioned in class for the understanding and analyzing
of control systems.

I. INTRODUCTION
Some concepts such as Plant, Controller, Setpoint, etc. are
very important for understanding Control and the dynamic
systems because those are the basics and need to be fully
understood in order to analyze control systems.
II. CONCEPTS
The concepts to be defined are the ones shown next:
.
A. Process
According to the book Modern Control Engineering, any
operation to be controlled is going to be called a process, such
as chemical, economic, and biological processes. According to
the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, process is defined as a
process to be natural, progressively continuing operation or
development marked by a series of gradual changes that
succeed one another in a relatively fixed way and lead toward a
particular result or end.
B. Plant
A plant may be a piece of equipment, perhaps just a set of
machine parts functioning together to perform a particular
operation. According to Ogata in the book Modern Control
Engineering, any physical object to be controlled should be
called plant, such as a mechanical device, heating surface,
chemical reactor, etc.
C. Controller
It is a control system that manages the behavior of another
device or system, in other words, is the one that changes or
varies the quantity or condition, also called manipulated
variable.

D. Input
The input node is a node that has only outgoing branches.
This corresponds to an independent variable. It can be called
source.
E. Output
The output node, also called sink, is a node that has only
incoming branches, this corresponds to an independent
variable.
F. Reference, set point
It is a reference value for a control system, such as the
desired temperature for a heating or cooling system. A
reference value is the target input value of a feedback system.
G. Error
It is the difference between the desired output response and
a reasonably accurate measurement of the actual output
response.
H. Perturbation (disturbance)
It is a signal that tends to adversely affect the value of the
output of a system. If it is generated within the system, it is
called internal and if it is generated outside the system it is
called external and it is an input.
I. Perturbation (disturbance) rejection
It is the ability of a system to ignore the noise or
disturbance.

J. Open loop control

These are the systems in which the output has no effect on
the control action. In these systems the output is not compared
with the reference input.
K. Closed loop control
These are systems in which the actuating error signal,
which is the difference between the input signal and the
feedback signal, is fed to the controller so as to reduce the error
and bring the output of the system to a desired value.
L. Control specifications
Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are
used in the text, even after they have been defined in the

abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE and SI do not have to be

defined. Do not use abbreviations in the title or heads unless
they are unavoidable.
M. Robustness
Robust control is the branch of control that deals with
systems subject to external and internal noise and disruptions.
REFERENCES
[1] Katsuhiko Ogata, Modern Control Engineering, Prentice Hall,
New Jersey, 4th ed., pp. 18, 2002.
[2] Karl Johan Astrom and Richard M. Murray, Feedback Systems,
An Introduction for Scientist and Engineers, DRAFT, 17 July
2007, pp. 9-34
[3] Richard C. Dorf and Robert H. Bishop, Modern Control
Systems, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 12th ed., 2011, pp. 22-47

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