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10-1.

Determine the Nyquist sample rate for a maximum analog input frequency of
a. 4 kHz.
b. 10 kHz.
a. 8 kHz
b. 20 kHz
10-2. For the sample-and-hold circuit shown in Figure 10-5a, determine the largest-value
capacitor that can be used. Use the following parameters: an output impedance for Z1 = 20 , an
on resistance of Q1 of 20 , an acquisition time of 10 s. a maximum output current from Z1 of
20 mA, and an accuracy of 1%.
C = 0.0543 F
10-3. For a sample rate of 20 kHz, determine the maximum analog input frequency.
10 kHz or less
10-4. Determine the alias frequency for a 14-kHz sample rate and an analog input frequency of
8 kHz.
6 kHz
10-6. Determine the minimum number of bits required in a PCM code for a dynamic range of
80 dB. What is the coding efficiency?
14 bits, coding efficiency = 94.91%
10-8. Determine the SQR for a 2-vrms signal and a quantization interval of 0.2 V.
SQR = 1200 or 30.8 dB
10-10. A 12-bit linear PCM code is digitally compressed into eight bits. The resolution = 0.03
V. Determine the following for an analog input voltage of 1.465 V:
a. 12-bit linear PCM code
+49 or 100000110001
b. eight-bit compressed code

10101000

c. Decoded 12-bit code

100000110001

d. Decoded voltage

+1.47 V

e. Percentage error

Qe only = 0.005, 0.341%

10-12. For each of the following 12-bit linear PCM codes, determine the eight-bit compressed
code to which they would be converted:
a. 100000001000
10001000
b. 100000001001

10001001

c. 100000010000

10010000

d. 000000100000

0010000

e. 010000000000

01110000

f. 010000100000

01110000

10-14. For the sample-and-hold circuit shown in Figure 10-5a, determine the largest-value
capacitor that can be used for the following parameters: Z1 output impedance = 15 , an on
resistance of Q1 of 15 , an acquisition time of 12 s, a maximum output current from Z1 of 10
mA, an accuracy of 0.1%, and a maximum change in voltage dv = 10 V.
0.012 F
10-16. Determine the alias frequency for the following sample rates and analog input
frequencies:
fa(kHz)
fs(kHz)
ffo(kHz)
3

10-18. Determine the minimum number of bits required for PCM codes with the following
dynamic ranges and determine the coding efficiencies: DR = 24 dB, 48 dB, and 72 dB.
DR

bits

efficiencies

24 dB

81.5%

48 dB

99.7%

72 db

12

99.7%

10-20. For the following resolutions, determine the range of the eight-bit sign-magnitude PCM
codes:
Code

Resolution (V)

Range

10111000

0.10

+5.55 to +5.65

00111000

0.10

-5.55 to 5.65

11111111

0.05

+6.325 to +6.375

00011100

0.02

-0.55 to 0.57

00110101

0.02

-1.05 to 1.07

11100000

0.02

+1.91 to +1.93

00000111

0.02

-0.13 to -0.15

10-22. Determine the resolution and quantization noise for an eight-bit linear sign-magnitude
PCM code for the following maximum decoded voltages: Vmax = 3.06 Vp, 3.57 Vp, 4.08 Vp, and
4.59 Vp.
Vmax

Res

Qe

3.06

0.024

0.012

3.57

0.028

0.014

4.08

0.032

0.016

4.59

0.036

0.018

10-24. For the 12-bit linear PCM codes given, determine the voltage range that would be
converted to them:
12-Bit Linear Code
Resolution (V)
Range

10-26.

100011110010

0.12

29.04 V 60 mV

000001000000

0.10

6.4 V 50 mV

000111111000

0.14

7.056 V 70 mV

111111110000

0.12

243.84 V 60 mV

For the following eight-bit compressed codes, determine the expanded 12-bit code.
Eight-Bit Code

Twelve-Bit Code

11001010

100011010100

00010010

000000010010

10101010

100000110101

01010101

000101011000

11110000

110000100000

11011011

100110111000

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