CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background
Language is an instrument which is used to communicate. By
language we can communicate to the other person. In the world, there
are many languages, English is one of languages which is liked many
people, because it is an international language.
By mastering English, we can master the world. So we must know it.
There are many ways to master English, like we must understand
about structure, phonology, morphology, etc. As we know, in the
structure lesson, there are pronouns and determiners. So, we must
understand them, Because both of them are very important to
understand English. By knowing them, insya Allah we can speak
English grammatically well, especially by using pronouns and
determiners.
B. Problem Statements
Based on the explanation from the background, there are two
problem statements. They are as follows:
1. What are the pronouns?
2. What are the determiners?
C. Objectives
According to with problem statements, from this simple papers we
can find some objectives. They are as follows:
1. Knowing the pronouns.
2. Knowing the determiners.

CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. Pronouns
Pronouns are words which are used to change noun. One of
pronouns function is to avoid using words twice or more in a sentence.
for example:
Windy lost Windys pencil when Windy was going to Windys
home.
In sentence above, word of Windy is more than twice. So to avoid
using words twice or more in sentence, use pronoun, so the corrected
sentence:
Windy lost her pencil when she was going her home.
According to function, pronoun can be devided by some groups,
they are:
1. Personal Pronoun
Personal pronoun is pronoun which show person who speaks,
interluctor, or who person is being talked. Personal pronoun can be
divided by two groups, they are:
a. Nominative case
Nominative Case are pronoun which has function as
subject in sentence. The words are: I, You, She, He, It, We, You,
They.
Nominative case must be located before verb, whether be
or verb.
Nominative case before be, for examples:
1. She is a nurse.
2. You are soldiers.
3. They are a farmers.
Nominative case before verb.
1. She goes to campus.
2. I give you a pencil.
3. He talks to us.
b. Objective Case
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Objective case are pronoun which have function as object

in a sentence. The words are: me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them.
Objective case must be located after verb or after
preposition.
Objective case after verb.
1. We saw her last night.
2. They will help us.
3. I will call him tomorrow.
Objective after preposition.
1. He is talking to me.
2.Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns are pronoun which show possessive, words of
possessive pronoun are: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs. For
examples:
1. This pen is yours.
2. I think that expensive car is hers.
3. Reflexive Pronouns
Reflexive pronouns are pronoun which show action for self. The
words of reflexive pronouns are: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself,
ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
Reflexive pronouns has three functions, they are:
a. To show about something which include to self. For examples:
1. I look at myself in the mirror.
2. You must know yourself.
b. To give stressing or explaining. For examples:
1. I myself must go to your house.
2. You yourself dont know about me.
c. If word of self is preceded preposition by, it will have meaning
alone. For

examples: 1. She cant go there by herself.

2. I have to write the letter by myself.

4. Demonstrative Pronouns
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Demonstrative pronouns are pronoun which show nouns, animals,

or person who we mean. The words of demonstrative pronouns are: This,
These, That, Those. For examples:
1.
2.
3.
4.

This is your car.

These are their pencils.
That is my house.
Those are their houses.

Demonstrative pronouns used to:

a. Avoid repeating with the same word, for examples:

I like to buy this bag than that.
These students learn English better than those.
b. As a main sentence, for examples:
Those who are diligent must be clever.
Those who borrow anything must return in back to his owner.

5. Indefinite Pronouns
Indefinite pronouns are pronoun does not have antecedent. The
words are: each, one/ones, someone, somebody, something, somewhere,
anyone, anybody, anything, anywhere, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere,
either, neither, each other, one another, another, others, the others, some,
any, all, both, few, and many. For examples:

Indra has two bags. Each costs Rp. 150.000,Each is wearing red hat.
This bicycle is new, but that one is old.
These bicycles are new, but those ones are old.
They saw someone/somebody in your house last night.
Do you say something to me?
I am sure that you will find it somewhere.
We didnt see anyone/anybody there yesterday.
Do you want anything else.
She didnt go anywhere.
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Everybody know that she is never a lawyer.

You can ask about it to everyone there.
Everything is all right.
Indra saw a lot of ties in the shop, but none that he liked.
Nobody can save you anymore
There is nothing that can I say to you.
They will go nowhere tomorrow.
There are two cars, either can be used.
Windy like neither of those two umbrellas.
We love each other.
I hope you love one another.
I dont like this jacket, I will change it with another.
These cars are very expensive, I want others.
Some bananas that you buy are bad.
Do you have some milk?
I dont have any pencils.
I dont have any milk.
All are wearing white shirts.
All is fresh
Lisa and Budy are absent today. Both of them are ill.
A few of the pupils can do the sums.
Many students are interested in the picture.
I will go for several minutes.

6. Interrogative Pronouns
Interrogative pronouns are pronouns are used for asking. The words
are: who, whom, whose, what , which, where, when, why, how. For examples:

Who is he?
Whom will you invite to your party?
Whose is that bag?
What is your name?
Which is the clever boy in your class?
Where are you going now?
When will you go Jakarta?
Why cant you finish your work?
How is your parents?

7. Relative Pronouns
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Relative pronouns are pronoun which are used to join two sentences
by throwing sentence which same. For examples:

The girl is my friend.

You invited her last week.
R: The girl who you invited last week is my girl friend.

There are some words which include relative pronouns: who, whom,
whose, which, what, that. For examples:

Mr. Indra, who will come here for a dinner tomorrow.

I know the girl whom you invited yesterday.
He is the writer whose book you are reading.
I have read the magazine which you just mentioned.
I dont understand what you mean.
They carried some bags that was full of bags.

B. Determiners
A determiner is a noun-modifier that expresses the reference of a
noun or noun phrase in the context, rather than attributes expressed by
adjectives. Determiners are used in front of nouns to indicate whether you
are referring to something specific or something of a particular type.
Determiners are different to pronouns in that a determiner is always followed
by a noun. Therefore personal pronouns ( I , you , he , etc.) and possessive
pronouns (mine, yours, his, etc.) cannot be determiners. The definite and
indefinite articles a/an/the are all determiners.You use a specific determiner
when people know exactly which thing(s) or person/people you are talking
about.The specific determiners are:
the definite article : the
demonstratives : this, that, these,
those

possessives : my, your, his, her, its, our,

their
For examples:
"The dog barked at the boy."
"These apples are rotten."
"Their bus was late."
You use general determiners to talk about people or things without
saying exactly who or what they are.
The general determiners are:
the indefinite articles : a, an

a few
a little
all
another
any

few
fewer
less
little
many
more
most
much

both
each
either
enough
every

neither
no
other
several
some

Difference from pronouns

Determiners such as this, all, and some can often occur
without noun. In traditional grammar, these are called pronouns.
There are, however, a number of key, differences between such
determiners and pronouns.
1. Pronouns may occur in tag question. Determiners
cannot. For examples: -This is delicious, isnt it?
-This is delicious, isnt this?
2. In phrasal verbs, pronouns must appear between the
verb and particle. Determiner may occur after the
particle. For examples:
-pick it up
3. Pronouns all have
Determiners dont .
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-pick up it
distinct

genitive

forms.

For examples:-This is mine.

This is alls

CHAPTER III
CLOSING
A. Conclusions
The writers finally made the conclusions based on the data in
discussion. They are as follows:
1. Pronouns are words which are used to change noun. One of
pronouns function is to avoid using words twice or more in a
sentence. According to function, pronoun can be devided by
some groups, they are:
a. Personal pronoun.
b. Possessive pronoun.
c. Reflexive pronouns.
d. Demonstrative pronouns.
e. Indefinite pronoun.
f. Interrogative pronoun.
g. Relative pronouns.
2. A determiner is a noun-modifier that expresses the reference of a
noun or noun phrase in the context, rather than attributes
expressed by adjectives.
3. Difference determiners from pronouns:
a. Pronouns may occur in tag question. Determiners cannot.
b. In phrasal verbs, pronouns must appear between the verb and
particle. Determiner may occur after the particle.
c. Pronouns all have distinct genitive forms. Determiners dont.
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B. Suggestions
After the writers finished this simple papers, the writer provided
several suggestions to the reader, they are as follows:
1. The writer suggested for the readers to understand about
pronouns and determiners, so we can speak English well.
2. May with our simple papers, the readers can get many lessons
about pronouns and determiners, and can use both of them
well to speak English grammatically.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Novia, Windy. 2009. Essential English Grammar. Wipress.
http://homepages.nyu.edu/ez 255/downloads/NELS35-numeralphrase-proccedings-

pdf.
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