Mom Notes

FE Review Mechanics of
Materials
Resources
You can get the sample reference book:

www.ncees.org main site
http://www.ncees.org/exams/study_ma
terials/fe_handbook
Multimedia learning material web site:
http://web.umr.edu/~mecmovie/index.
html
FE Review
Mechanics of Materials
First Concept Stress
Normal Stress (normal to surface)
Shear Stress (along surface)
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Second Concept Strain
Normal Strain length change
Mechanical
Thermal
Shear Strain angle change
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Material Properties
Hookes Law
Normal (1D)
Normal (3D)
Shear
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Material Properties
Poissons ratio
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Axial Loading
F
F
x
Stress x = P
A
Deformation = PL
AE
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Torsional Loading
T
Stress =T
max =Tc
J
max
Deformation = TL
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JG
Bending Stress
M
Stress x = M r y
max = M rc
I
Find centroid of cross-section

Calculate I about the Neutral Axis
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Transverse Shear Equation

ave =V
Average over entire cross-section
ave =VQ
Ib
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Average over line

V = internal shear force
b = thickness
I = 2nd moment of area
Q = 1st moment of area of partial section
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Partial 1st Moment of Area (Q)
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Max. Shear Stresses on Specific

Cross-Sectional Shapes
Rectangular Cross-Section
max = 3V
2A
Circular Cross-Section
max = 4V
3A
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Max. Shear Stresses on Specific

Cross-Sectional Shapes
Wide-Flange Beam
max V
Aweb
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V & M Diagrams
V
w = dV
dx
V = dM
dx
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Six Rules for Drawing V & M

Diagrams
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
w = dV/dx
The value of the distributed load at any point in the beam is equal to the
slope of the shear force curve.
V = dM/dx
The value of the shear force at any point in the beam is equal to the slope of
the bending moment curve.
The shear force curve is continuous unless there is a point force on the
beam. The curve then jumps by the magnitude of the point force (+ for
upward force).
The bending moment curve is continuous unless there is a point moment on
the beam. The curve then jumps by the magnitude of the point moment
(+ for CW moment).
The shear force will be zero at each end of the beam unless a point force is
applied at the end.
The bending moment will be zero at each end of the beam unless a point
moment is applied at the end.
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11
Deflection Equation
d2y = M
dx2 EI
y = deflection of midplane
M = internal bending moment
E = elastic modulus
I = 2nd moment of area with
respect to neutral axis
To solve bending deflection problems (find y):

1. Write the moment equation(s) M(x)
2. Integrate it twice
3. Apply boundary conditions
4. Apply matching conditions (if applicable)
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Method of Superposition
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12
Stress Transformation
Plane Stress Transformation Equations:
n =
xy
x + y x y
+
nt =
x y
cos2 + xy sin2
sin2 + xy cos2
x
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Principal Stresses:
p1, p2 =
x + y
2
tan ( 2 p ) =
x y 2
2
+ xy
xy
x y
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13
Max Shear Stress:
max =
p1 p 2
max =
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p1
max =
p2
2
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Mohrs Circle
(
y
, xy )
xy
x
(
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, xy )
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Combined Loading
We have derived stress equations for four
different loading types:
x =
P
A
max = k
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V
A
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Tc
J
x =
Mc
I
x = +
Mc
I
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15
Method for Solving Combined

Loading Problems
1. Find internal forces and moments at
cross-section of concern.
2. Find stress caused by each individual
force and moment at the point in
question.
3. Add them up.
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Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels
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Column Buckling
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Maximum Shear Stress Theory

p2
Y
Y
p1
Failure occurs when:
p1 > Y
p1 p 2 > Y
if p1 and p2 have the same sign

if p1 and p2 have different signs
where p1 is the largest principal stress.

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Maximum Distortion Energy

Theory
This theory assumes that failure
occurs when the distortion
energy of the material is
greater than that which causes
yielding in a tension test.
p2
Y
Y
p1
Failure occurs when:
p21 p1 p 2 + p2 2 > Y2
Y
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19
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20
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21
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22
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23
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24
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FE Review Mechanics of

You can get the sample reference book:

First Concept Stress

Normal Stress (normal to surface)

Shear Stress (along surface)

Second Concept Strain

Normal Strain length change

Shear Strain angle change

Find centroid of cross-section

Transverse Shear Equation

Average over entire cross-section

Average over line

Partial 1st Moment of Area (Q)

Max. Shear Stresses on Specific

Max. Shear Stresses on Specific

Six Rules for Drawing V & M

To solve bending deflection problems (find y):

Method for Solving Combined

Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels

Maximum Shear Stress Theory

if p1 and p2 have the same sign

where p1 is the largest principal stress.

Maximum Distortion Energy

Failure occurs when:

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