Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
11
Y. Shahak 18.1.11
Greenhouses
Y. Shahak 18.1.11
Y. Shahak 18.1.11
Plant-light Interaction
Sunlight is the source of energy for plant life.
It also provides signals for plants to sense their
environment,
Duration (period)
Y. Shahak 18.1.11
Y. Shahak 18.1.11
Major goals:
Achieving specific physiological benefits, in
addition to the basic protective function of
the nets,
To make the investment in the net-covering
cost-effective the growers.
Y. Shahak 18.1.11
Main purpose
Spectrum?
Scattering?
Black
Shading
No
No
Clear
(crystal)
Insect screens;
hail protection
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Ornamentals
Y. Shahak 18.1.11
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(shade plants)
Blue net
Black net
Yellow net
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Perennial ornamentals
No. of branches/plant
Green
Red
Blue
Grey
Black Aluminet
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Pittosporum, Israel
Anthurium, Brazil
Y. Shahak 18.1.11
Gypsophila, Italy
13
Orchids in Brazil
(Phalaenopsis)
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Vegetables
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Vegetables:
Leafy crops
, gr
weight,
Head
418
400
282
258
300
200
100
0
%03
Blue
%03
Red
%03
Pearl
No net
Yield, Kg / m2
Red
Y. Shahak 18.1.11
Pearl
Black
16
Vegetables:
Bell pepper
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Net
60000
Fruit/dunam
50000
Ton/Ha
Black
45
100
Red
69
154
Yellow
77
171
40000
30000
20000
10000
Red
Pearl
Yellow
Black
29.8.06
Y. Shahak 18.1.11
18
60
40
40
20
20
0
Red
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0
Black Yellow
Pearl
Red
Jun-
Black Yellow
Pearl
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Y. Shahak 18.1.11
Table grapes
Peach
Apple
Pear
Pomegranate
Persimmon
Loquat
Banana
Avocado
Citrus
Fruit tree nurseries
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Y. Shahak 18.1.11
Flowering
Fruit-set
Productivity
Time of maturation (early & late)
Fruit size
Vegetative growth
Water-use-efficiency
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Fruit trees
Water saving
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Photoselective responses:
Red
Y. Shahak 18.1.11
Grey
Pearl
No net
20
18
Prime
2004
16
14
12
10
10.5.04
17.5.04
24.5.04
Date
31.5.04
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Applications by growers
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Photoselective effects:
100
80
60
40
20
0
Pearl
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bc
c
Kg / Tree
Kg/Tree/Year
94
Ton / Ha /year
84 83 79 70 67 66
30
Pearl
20
Black
No net
10
0
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
Fruit Diameter, mm
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Applications by growers
Apple orchards
covered by
Red hail-net
Turkey, 2008
Improving fruit size, skin coloration, quality and yield, while also
preventing hail, wind and frost damage.
Covered orchard
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Final words
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Take-home message
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Oren-Shamir et al. (2001) Coloured shade nets can improve the yield and quality of green decorative
branches of Pittosporum variegatum. J. Hort. Sci. Biotech 76: 353-361
Shahak et al. (2004) ColorNets: A new approach for light manipulation in fruit trees. Acta Hort. 636: 609616.
Shahak et al. (2004) ColorNets: crop protection and light-quality manipulation in one technology. Acta
Hort. 659 (1): 143-151.
Rajapakse and Shahak (2007) Light quality manipulation by horticulture industry. In: Light and Plant
Development (G. Whitelam and K. Halliday, eds.), pp 290-312, Blackwell, UK. (A book chapter).
Elad et al. (2007) Effect of colored shade nets on pepper powdery mildew (Levillula taurica).
Phytoparasitica 35 (3): 285-299.
Shahak (2008) Photoselective netting for improved performance of horticultural crops. A review of
ornamental and vegetable studies carried in Israel. Acta Hort. 770: 161-168.
Shahak et al. (2008). Improving solar energy utilization, productivity and fruit quality in orchards and
vineyards by photoselective netting. Acta Hort. 772: 65-72.
Retamales et al. (2008) Colored shading nets increase yields and profitability of highbush blueberries.
Acta Hort. 770:193-197.
Shahak et al. (2008) Photoselective shade netting integrated with greenhouse technologies for
improved performance of vegetable and ornamental crops. Acta Hort. 797: 75-80.
Ovadia et al. (2009) Coloured shade nets influence the stem length, time to flower and flower size of
ornamental crops. J. Hort. Sci. Biotech., 84(2): 161-166.
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