Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
e-ISSN: 2278-5728, p-ISSN: 2319-765X. Volume 11, Issue 1 Ver. IV (Jan - Feb. 2015), PP 56-69
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Abstract: Keeping in view the concern about environmental protection, the study incorporate the concept of
repairing in a production inventory model consisting of production system and repairing system over infinite
planning horizon. This study presents a forward production and reverse repairing system inventory model with
a time dependent random deterioration function and increasing exponentially demand with the finite production
rate is proportional to the demand rate at any instant. The shortages allow and excess demand is backlogged.
Expressions for optimal parameter are obtained .We also obtained Production and repairing scheduling period,
maximum inventory level and total average cost. Using calculus, optimum production policy is derived, which
minimizes the total cost incurred
I.
Introduction
An inventory system the effect of deterioration plays an important role. Deterioration is derived as
decay or damage such that the item cannot be used for its original propose. Foods, pharmaceuticals, chemicals,
blood, drugs are a few examples of such items in which sufficient deterioration can take place during the storage
period of the units and the importance of this loss must be taken into account when analyzing the system.
When describing optimum policies for deteriorating items Ghare and Schrader (1963) proposed a
constant rate of deterioration and constant rate demand. In recent year, inventory problem for deterioration items
have been widely studied after Ghare and Schrader (1963), Covert and Philip (1973) formulated the model
for variable deterioration rate with two parameters Weibull disturbation Goswami and Chaudhuri (1991),
Bose et al (1995) assumed either instantaneous or finite production with different assumption on the pattern of
deterioration.
Balkhi and Benkheroot (1996) considered a production a production lot size inventory model with
arbitrary production and demand rate depends on the time function.
Bhunia and Maitis (1977) model to formulate a production inventory model. Chang and Deve
(1999) investigated an EOQ model allow shortage and backlogging. It is assumed that the backlogging rate is
variable and dependent on the length of waiting time for the next replenishment. Recently, many researchers
have modified inventory policies by considering the time proportional partial backlogging rate such as Wang
(2002), Perumal (2002), Teng et al (2003), Skouri and Papachristos (2003) etc.
Schrady (1967) first studied the problem on optimal lot sizes for production/procurement and
recovery. For issues in the greening process, Nahmias and Rivera (1979) studied an EPQ variant of Schradys
model (1967) with a finite recovery rate. Richter (1996a, 1996b, 1997) and Richter and Dobos (1999)
investigated a waste disposal model by considering the returned rate as a decision variable. Dobos and Richter
(2003, 2004) investigated a production/remanufacturing system with constant demand that is satisfied by
noninstantaneous production and remanufacturing for single and multiple remanufacturing and production
cycle. Dobos and Richter (2006) extended their previous model and assumed that the quality of collected
returned items is not always suitable for further repairing. Konstantaras and Skouri (2010) presented a model
by considering a general cycle pattern in which a variable number of reproduction lots of equal size were
followed by a variable number of manufacturing lots of equal size. They also studied a special case where
shortages were allowed in each manufacturing and reproduction cycle and similar sufficient conditions, as the
non-shortages case, are given.El Saadany and Jaber (2010) extended the models developed by Dobos and
Richter (2003, 2004) by assuming that the collection rate of returned items is dependent on the purchasing price
and the acceptance quality level of these returns. That is, the flow of used/returned items increases as the
purchasing price increases, and decreases as the corresponding acceptance quality level increases. Alamri
(2010) developed a general reverse logistics inventory model. Chung and Wee (2011) developed an inventory
model on short life-cycle deteriorating product remanufacturing in a green supply chain model
In this paper we present a realistic inventory model in which the production rate depends on the
demand and demand is an exponentially increasing function time and deterioration is random function says that
deterioration of an item depends upon the fluctuation of humidity, temperature, etc. It would be more reasonable
and realistic if we assume the deterioration function to depend upon a parameter "" in addition to time t
DOI: 10.9790/5728-11145669
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II.
The mathematical model of the production inventory problem with repairable system considered herein is
developed on the basic of the following assumptions-:
a. A single item is considered over a prescribed period of T units of time, which is subject to a time dependent
Random deterioration rate.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
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t1 = Time when production stops and also the time when collecting process for returnable items stops. At
this very time repairing of collected items start.
t2 = Time period when repairing of returnable items stops and also the time when accumulated inventory of
production system vanishes.
t3 = Time when shortages is maximum.(t= t1+ t2+ t3)
t4 = Period of time when production starts again during the period of shortage.
T = (t1 t 2 t3 t 4 ) is the cycle time.
IS = Maximum inventory level of repaired items.
Pcc= Cost of purchasing the returnable items per unit.
Pcr =Repair cost of repaired items per unit.
III.
Mathematical Model :
Initially, the inventory level is start with zero. The forward production inventory level starts at time
t=0 and it reaches at maximum inventory level I m unit after t1 time. At that time production is stopped and the
inventory level is decreasing continuously and reaches zero at time t 2,at this time shortages start developing at
time t3 it reaches to maximum shortage level Ib . This time fresh production start to remove backlog by the time
t4 .
At the beginning of each cycle, the inventory is zero. The production starts at the very beginning of the
cycle. As production progresses the inventory of finished goods piles up even after meeting the market demand,
deterioration. At the beginning of each cycle, the process of collecting returnable items in a separate store also
begins. At a point where the production from the forward production system stops; the collection process of
returnable items also stops at the same point .It is assumed there is no collection of used items once the repairing
of collected items starts. At this very point the repairing of reusable items begin at a constant rate. The
accumulated inventory produced from the advanced production system in the meanwhile starts getting
consumed and ultimately becomes nil. The accumulated inventory of repairing products, which are assumed to
be as good as the newly produced products, is consumed when the shortages from the forward production
system begin to surface. Thereafter, production starts when shortages is maximum in forward inventory system
and shortages are gradually cleared after meeting demand by repairable items and produced item from forward
system simultaneously and the cycle ends with zero inventories. Here our aim is to find out the optimal values
of t1, t2, t3 , t4, Im & Ib that minimize the total average cost (K) over the time planning horizon cycle(0,T).
Forward production system
Repairing System
Fig. 2. Inventory of production and repairing system
The differential equation governing the stock status during the period
0tT
dI (t )
a (b 1) Ae t 0 ( )tI (t ) , I(0) = 0,( I1) =Im, 0 t t1
dt
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can be written as
(1)
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dI (t )
Aet 0 ( )tI (t ) , I(t1) =Im , I(t2) = 0 , 0 t t 2
dt
dI (t )
Aet , I(0) =o, I(t3) =Ib, 0 t t3
dt
,
dI (t )
a (b 1) Aet , I(0) = Ib,I(t4)=0, 0 t t4
dt
(2)
.(3)
.(4)
Differential equations representing repairing system in collecting time & consuming time
dI c (t )
Rc 0 ( ) t I c (t ) ,
dt
dI c (t )
M 0 ( ) t I c (t ) ,
dt
Ic(0) = 0
0 t t1
(5)
Ic(t1) = Bz , 0 t t2
(6)
Where
B=Production lot size during production system=Production- Deterioration
t1
t1
t1
bA
(1
0 ( ) a 0 ( )t12
( )
bAet
)
}
{1 0 ( )t1 ) 0 }
dI1 (t )
M 0 ( ) t I1 (t ) I1(0) = 0, I1(t2) =Is, 0 t t2 ,
dt
,
dI (t )
Aet 0 ( )tI (t ) ,I(0) =Is,I (t3 t4 ) 0 , I(t3) =Ib1 , 0 t t3 t4
dt
.(7)
(8)
Solution of equation (1) , (2) , .3) and (4) by adjusting the constant of integration using boundary condition are
given by
( ) t
( )t 3 0 ( )t 2 2 (b 1) 0 2 t 0 ( )t
I (t ) a t 0
Ae
e
1
6
2
t
( )t
( )e
( )
0
0 2
0 2 e t 0 t t1
2
(9)
I (t )
I (t )
e 0 ( )t
( )t 2 0 ( )
0
2
1
2
( )t 2 0 ( )t 0 ( )
e t 1 0
2 0 t t2
2
,
A
e 0 ( )t
(1 e t )
I (t ) a(t t 4 )
t 2
, 0 t t3
A(b 1)
(10)
(11)
( e t e t4 ) 0 t t4
(12)
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( )t 3 0 ( )t 2 2
I c (t ) Rc t 0
, 0 t t1
e
6
( )t13 0 ( )t12 2
I c (t1 ) Rc t1 0
Bz,
e
6
(13)
Bze0 ( )t1 2
RC
0 ( )t13
t1
0 ( )t 3 0 ( )t 2 2
0 ( )t13 0 ( )t12 2
I c (t ) Bz M t
M t1
, 0 t t2
e
e
6
6
(14)
Solution of equation (7) and (8) by adjusting the constant of integration using boundary condition are given by
( )t 3 0 ( )t 2 2
I1 (t ) M t 0
, 0 t t2
e
6
I (t )
0 ( ) t
t
2
(15)
2
t
( )
0 ( )t 0 ( )t 0 ( )e
0 2 e t , 0 t t3 t4
2
1 2
(16)
I b1
0 ( ) t3
t3
2
0 ( )t3 0 ( )t3 0 ( )e
1
2
2
t3
0 ( ) t
e
2
(16)
The inventory level of production start initially at time unit t = 0 to t = t 1 at maximum level Im is obtained by
equation (9)
( ) t1
( )t13 0 ( )t12 2 (b 1) 0 2
I m a t1 0
Ae
e
6
0 ( )t12 0 ( )e t1 0 ( ) t1
2 e
2
2
t1
0 ( )t1
1
A t2 0 ( )t12 0 ( )t 2 0 ( )
2 1
e 1
2
(17)
and after time t 1 the production is stopped and stock level is decreasing continuously and become zero at time
t=t2 at that time shortages are develop and reaching to Ib at time
I b I b1
(1 et3 ) at4
A(b 1)
t t3
is obtained .
(1 et4 )
(.18)
Thus by equation (17) we observed that t 1 and t 2 are dependent so they are related by the equation
(19)
t 2 R(t1 )
and by equation (18) t 3 and t 4 are dependent to each other so related by the equation
t3 R1 (t4 )
(20)
t2
(0, T)
is given by
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a 0 ( ) 1 0
2
30
8
72
0 ( )
3
( ) 5
25
23 42
( )(b 1) A 62 t1 6 0 ( )t 0 ( )2 t13 02 ( )t13
62
Ae t ( )t 22 0 ( )t 2 0 ( )
( ) t
1 e
2 1 0
t 2
t 2
A ( ) ( )t 2 e
e
1 0 2 0
2
2
0
02 ( )e t t 32 3t 22 6t 2 6 3 02 ( ) 1
2 3 4
2
2
4
A 02 ( ) t t 23 3t 22 6t 2 6
e
2 3 4
2
0 ( )e t t 25
6 60 0 ( ) A 02 ( ) t2 t 22 2t 2 2 t 24
4
e
2 3
6
24 2 24
(21)
5 3 5
Total amount of deteriorated units ( I DC ) of collected items of repairable inventory channel in (0, t 2 ) is given
4t 23
2
12t 23
3
24t 2
4
by
t1
t2
0
t2
0 ( )t 3 0 ( )t 2 2
0 ( )t13 0 ( ) t12 2
)
t
Bz
M
t
t1
e
dt
0 0
6
6
3
2 5
2
3
2 5
( )t1 0 ( ) t1 0 ( ) Bzt2
( )t2 0 ( ) t2
Rc 0
M 0
3
15
2
3
15
t1
0 ( )t2 2 M
2
t1
0 ( )t13
6
(22)
0 ( ) t12 2
Total amount of deteriorated units ( I DR ) of Repaired items of repairable inventory channel is given by
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t3 t4
I DR 0 ( )tI1 (t )dt
0 ( )tI (t )dt
( )t 3 0 ( )t 2 2
0 ( )tM t 0
dt
e
6
0
t2
t3 t4
0 ( )t
0 ( ) t
t
2
2
t
0 ( ) t
0 ( )t 0 ( )t 0 ( )e
1
e dt
2
(23)
( )t23 0 ( ) 2 t25
(t3 t4 ) 2 (t3 t4 )3 0 ( )(t3 t4 ) 4
M 0
0
3
15
2
3
8
During period (0, T ) total inventory of produced items ( I HP ) in forward production channel can be obtained
as
t1
t2
I HP I (t )dt I (t )dt
( )t13 a 02 ( )t16 (b 1) A e t1
1
a t1 0
t1
6
72
1
4t
5t 2 3t 3
t4
2
t
e t1 0 ( ) 12 3 e t1 02 ( ) 41 31 12 1 4
4
t
t3
t3 2
6t
6
2
7
5 0 ( ) 12 1 3 02 ( ) 1 3 31 4 5
6
2 e t 2 t 2 e t 2
t 24 e t2 t 23 e t2
A
0 3
0
2
2
2
4
t 22 e t2 3t 22 e t2 t 2 e t2 3t 2 e t2 e t2 1 3e t2 3
2
4 4 5 5
22
23
e t
2 ( )t 3 ( )t
( )t 22
1 Ae t
1
2 t 2 0 ( )t 23 0 2 2 0 2 2 0
3
03 ( )t 25
12
0 ( )t 24
(24)
t2
I HC I C (t )dt I C (t )dt
( )t 3 0 ( )t 2 2
Rc t 0
dt
e
6
0
t2
0 ( )t 3 0 ( )t 2 2
0 ( )t13 0 ( )t12 2
Bz
M
t
t1
e
dt
0
6
6
2
2 4
2
( )t1 0 ( ) t1
0 ( )t2 0 ( ) 2 t2 4
Rc 0
)
Bzt
2
2
12
2
12
t1
0 ( )t13
0 ( )t2 M t1
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(25)
0 ( ) t12 2
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t3 t4
I HR I1 (t )dt
I (t )dt
0 ( )t 3 0 ( )t 2 2
0 ( )M t
dt
e
6
0
t2
t3 t4
0 ( )
0 ( ) t
t
2
2
t
( )
0 ( )t 0 ( )t 0 ( )e
0 2 e t dt
2
1 2
( )t2 2 0 ( ) 2 t2 4
(t3 t4 ) 2 0 ( )(t3 t4 )3
M 0
)
(
t
t
)
3 4
0
2
12
2
6
(26)
Total amount of shortage units (Is) during the period (0, T) is given by
A e t3
1 at 2 A(b 1) e t4 1
I S I (t )dt I (t )dt
t 3 4
t 4 e t4
2
0
0
t3
t4
(27)
P=Production cost +Collection cost +Repaired cost
t1
t1
t2
PCP (at1
bAe
t1
1
C P CDP I DP CDC I DC CDR I DR CHP I HP CHC I HC CHR I HR CS I S
T
(28)
and putting the value of IDP, IDC, IDR,IHP, IHC, IHR and IS we getting the total average cost of the inventory system.
In many cases
IV.
and
e t 1 t
2 t 2
(29)
C
1
bAet1
[C PCP (at1
) PCC Rct1 PCR Mt2 ] DP
T
T
2
0 ( )at1 0 ( )(b 1) At1 A 0 ( ) 3 3
t2 2t22 2 4 2 4t2 2 2 2)
4
2
Rc
3
15
2
3
15
CDC
2
3
T 0 ( )t2 M 0 ( )t1 ( )t 2 2
0
1
e
1
2
6
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M
A0 ( )
T
3
15
2
3
8
a0 ( )t13 (b 1) A 2 0 ( )t13 A 2 0 ( )
t1
at1
6
3
3
0 ( ) 0 ( ) 0 ( )t 22 0 ( )
t2 2
2
2
C
HP
T
2 0 ( )t 23 22 0 ( ) 0 ( ) 4 0 ( ) 5
A 0 ( )
2
t 2
1
t2
2
3
6
6
2
2
0 ( )t12 0 ( ) 2 t14
0 ( )t2 2 0 ( ) 2 t2 4
R
)
Bzt
c
0
2
2
12
2
12
CHC
+
3
T
2
)
t
( ) t 2
1
0 ( )t2 M t1 0
e 0 1
(t3 t4 )2 0 ( )(t3 t4 )3
H HR 0 ( )t2 2 0 ( )2 t2 4
)
(
t
t
)
3 4
0
T
2
12
2
6
t4
T 2
2
2
(30)
And
C
1
bAet1
[C PCP (at1
) PCC Rct1 PCR MR(t1 )] DP
T
T
2
0 ( )at1 0 ( )(b 1) At1 A 0 ( ) 3
4
2
3
15
2
3
15
CDC
T 0 ( ) R(t1 ) 2 M 0 ( )t13 ( )t 2 2
0
1
2
6
( R1 (t4 ) t4 ) 2 ( R1 (t4 ) t4 )3
A0 ( )
4
T
3
15
)(
R
(
t
)
t
)
0
1 4
4
3
3
a ( )t1 (b 1) A 2 0 ( )t1 A 2 0 ( )
C
t1
HP at1 0
T
6
3
3
2
0 ( ) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) R(t1 ) 0 ( )
R(t1 ) 2
2
2
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20 ( ) R(t1 )3 2 20 ( ) 0 ( )
A 0 ( )
2
4
2 1 2 R(t1 ) R(t1 )
R(t1 )
3
6
0 ( )
R(t1 )5
6
0 ( )t12 0 ( ) 2 t14
0 ( ) R(t1 ) 2 0 ( ) 2 R(t1 ) 4
Rc
0 ( ) Bzt2 M
2
12
2
12
CHC
+
3
T
2
)
t
( ) t 2
1
0 ( ) R(t1 ) M t1 0
e 0 1
( R1 (t4 ) t4 )
( R1 (t4 ) t4 )
( ) R(t ) 2 ( ) 2 R(t ) 4
H HR
2
0
1
0
1
A 0 ( )
T
2
12
0 ( )( R1 (t4 ) t4 )3
t4
T
2
2
2
(31)
According to equation (30) contain four variables t1, t2, t3 and t4 and these are dependent variable and
related by equation (19) and (20). Also we have K > 0, hence the optimum value of t 1 and t4 which minimize
total average cost are the solutions of the equations
K
K
0 and
0
t1
t 4
(.32)
2K
2K
2 K 2 K 2 K
0
.
,
and
0
t12 t42 t1 t4
t12
t 42
Now differentiating (31) with respect to t1 and t4, we get
C
K 1
bAet1
2 [C PCP (at1
) PCC Rct1 PCR MR (t1 )] 1 R(t1 ) DP
t1 T
T2
0 ( )at12 0 ( )(b 1) At1 A 0 ( ) 3
4
2
1 R(t1 )
CDC
T2
3
15
2
3
15
2
0 ( )t13 0 ( )t12 2
0 ( ) R(t1 ) M
2
6
1 R(t1 )
CDR
T2
0 ( ) R(t1 )3 0 ( ) 2 R(t1 )5
3
15
2
( R1 (t4 ) t4 )
( R1 (t4 ) t4 )3
2
3
A 0 ( ) ( )( R (t ) t ) 4
0
1 4
4
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1 R(t )
1
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a0 ( )t13 (b 1) A 2 0 ( )t13 A 2 0 ( )
CHP
t1
at
1
T 2
6
3
3
2
( ) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) R(t1 ) 0 ( )
R(t1 ) 2 0
2
2
0 ( )
20 ( ) R(t1 )3 2 20 ( ) 0 ( )
A
2
4
1
R
(
t
)
R
(
t
)
R(t1 )
1
1
2
2
3
6
0 ( )t12 0 ( ) 2 t14
Rc
0 ( ) BzR(t1 )
2
12
2
2
4
( )
C 0 ( ) R(t1 ) 0 ( ) R(t1 )
1 R(t1 )
0
R(t1 )5 1 R(t1 ) HC
M
T2
2
12
0 ( )t13 0 ( )t12 2
e
0 ( )t2 M t1
( R1 (t4 ) t4 )2
(
R
(
t
)
t
)
( ) R(t ) 2 ( ) 2 R(t ) 4
1 4
4
H HR
2
0
1
0
1
1 R(t1 )
2 M
A 0 ( )
3
T
2
12
)(
R
(
t
)
t
)
0
1 4
4
2
2
C AR (t ) at
A(b 1) 2
S2 1 4 4
t4 1 R(t1 )
T
2
2
2
C
1
[ PCP (a bAet1 ) PCC Rc PCR MR(t1 )] DP
T
T
0 ( )(b 1) A A0 ( )
4
0 ( )at1
Rc
3
3
2
2
2
4
M 3 0 ( ) R(t1 ) R (t1 ) 0 ( ) R(t1 ) R (t1 )
3
3
CDC
3
T 2 0 ( ) R(t1 ) R(t1 ) M 0 ( )t1 ( )t 2 2 0 ( ) R(t1 ) 2 M
t1
e 0 1
2
6
2
2 0 ( ) t1 R(t1 ) 2 M 0 ( )t13 ( )t 2 2
t1
e 0 1
2
6
0 ( )t12 0 ( ) t12
1
e
2
T
3
3
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a0 ( )t12 (b 1) A
0 ( )t1 A
a
2t1
2
1
( ) 0 ( ) 20 ( ) R(t1 ) R(t1 )
R(t1 ) 2 0
2
( )
2 ( ) R(t1 )2 R(t1 ) 2 20 ( ) 0 ( )
A
3
2 1 0 2 R(t1 ) 2 R(t1 ) R(t1 ) 0
2 R(t1 ) R(t1 )
1
3
C
HP
T
50 ( )
R(t1 )4 R(t1 )
6
2 0 ( )t1 0 ( ) 2 t13
2 0 ( ) R(t1 ) R(t1 ) 0 ( ) 2 R(t1 )3
)
BzR
(
t
)
Rc
0
1
2
3
2
3
3
2
0 ( )t1 0 ( )t12 2
0 ( )t1 0 ( )t12 2
CHC
+
0 ( ) R (t1 ) M t1
0 ( ) R(t1 ) M 1
e
e
T
6
2
2
2
0 ( ) t1 R(t1 ) M 0 ( )t1 0 ( )t12 2
1
e
M
0
T
2
3
(33)
C
K 1
bAet1
2 [C PCP (at1
) PCC Rct1 PCR MR(t1 )] 1 R1(t4 ) DP
t4 T
T2
0 ( )at12 0 ( )(b 1) At1 A 0 ( )
4
2
1 R1(t4 )
3
3
2
2
4
4
2
R(t1 ) R(t1 ) 2 2 R(t1 ) 2 2)
Rc
3
15
2
3
2
5
CDC
0 ( ) R(t1 ) 0 ( ) R(t1 )
1 R1(t4 )
M
T2
3
15
2
3
0 ( ) R(t1 ) M 0 ( )t1 0 ( )t12 2
t1
e
2
6
3
2
5
0 ( ) R(t1 ) 0 ( ) R(t1 )
3
15
2
3
CDR
( R1 (t4 ) t4 ) ( R1 (t4 ) t4 ) 1 R(t )
2
1 4
2
3
)
0
0 ( )( R1 (t4 ) t4 ) 4
DOI: 10.9790/5728-11145669
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67 |Page
C
HP
T2
a0 ( )t13 (b 1) A 2 0 ( )t13 A 2 0 ( )
t1
at1
6
3
3
2
( ) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) R(t1 ) 0 ( )
R(t1 ) 2 0
2
2
20 ( ) R(t1 )3 2 20 ( ) 0 ( )
A 0 ( )
2
4
1
R
(
t
)
R
(
t
)
R(t1 )
1
1
2
2
3
6
( )
0
R(t1 )5 1 R1(t4 )
6
0 ( )t12 0 ( ) 2 t14
0 ( ) R(t1 ) 2 0 ( ) 2 R(t1 ) 4
R
)
BzR
(
t
)
c
0
1
2
12
2
12
CHC
3
T
0 ( )t1 0 ( )t12 2
0 ( )t2 M
e
1
1 R1(t4 )
0 ( ) R(t1 ) 2 0 ( ) 2 R(t1 ) 4
2
12
2
H HR
( R1 (t4 ) t4 ) 1 R(t )
2
1 4
( R1 (t4 ) t4 )
A 0 ( ) ( )( R (t ) t )3
0
1
4
4
t4 1 R1(t4 )
T
2
2
2
CDR
1
1
A0 ( )
T
0 ( )( R1 (t4 ) t4 )3 ( R1(t4 ) 1)
H
( R1 (t4 ) t4 )( R1(t4 ) 1) 0 ( )( R1 (t4 ) t4 )2 ( R1(t4 ) 1)
+ HR A 0 ( ) ( R1(t4 ) 1)
T
1
2
CS
AR1 (t4 ) R1(t4 ) at4 A(b 1)t4 0
T
(34)
Here we obtain two simultaneous non-linear equation in of t1 and t4 can be find out optimal value by using some
suitable computational numerical method and the optimum value of t2, t3, Im, Ib and minimum total average cost
K can be obtained from equations.
V.
Special Cases:
Case I : If b = 0 then the discussed model convert to production inventory model in which production rate is
constant and independent on the demand.
Case II : If 0 () 0 then the discussed model reduces to production inventory model with out
deterioration
Case III : If 0 , b 0 the model reduce to uniform production rate and constant demand.
DOI: 10.9790/5728-11145669
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68 |Page
Conclusion
In the proposed model a production inventory model is formulated for random deteriorating item with a
increasing market demand rate with time and production rate is dependent on the demand. Result in this study
can provide a valuable reference for decision markers in planning the production and controlling the inventory.
The model proposed here in is resolved by using maclaurin series and cost minimization technique is used to get
the approximate expression for total average cost and other parameters & some special cases of model are also
discussed. We derive an expressions for different cost associated in the model. We derive equations, solution of
these equations gives the optimal cycle and optimal cost of repairable items. A future study will incorporate
more realistic assumption in the proposed model.
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