Vocabulary mucus a sticky, thick fluid that traps dust, germs, and other things that may be in the air trachea a tube that carries air from the throat to the lungs bronchioles tubes that branch out from the bronchi air sacs tiny thin-walled pouches in the lungs
Your body cells need oxygen. Your cells
make another gas called carbon dioxide. Your respiratory system carries these gases in and out of your body. Your respiratory system works when you breathe. Air enters the respiratory system through the nose or mouth. Then the air goes from the throat into the larynx. The vocal cords are in the larynx. Your vocal cords move when you speak. Air travels from the larynx into the trachea. The trachea carries air to the lungs. The trachea leads to two branches called bronchi that go into the lungs. The bronchi branch into smaller tubes called bronchioles. Air sacs are at the end of each bronchiole. Air sacs are like tiny bags of air. They have very thin walls. Air sacs are where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves the blood. Mucus coats many parts of the respiratory system. Mucus is a sticky, thick liquid that traps dust and germs.
How You Breathe
Many muscles work together when you breathe. The diaphragm tightens and moves down when you breathe in. This makes more space in your chest. Air fills this new space.
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Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Summary
The diaphragm loosens when you breathe
out. This makes less space in your chest. Air is pushed out and leaves the respiratory system through the mouth or nose.
Respiratory and Circulatory
Systems Work Together How do your cells get the oxygen they need? The respiratory system and the circulatory system work together. First, the respiratory system brings oxygen from the air into your body. This happens when you breathe in. Air comes into your lungs. It fills your air sacs. Then the circulatory system starts to work. Blood picks up oxygen from the air sacs. It carries the oxygen to every body cell. Cells produce carbon dioxide when they use oxygen. Blood also carries this waste back to the air sacs. The carbon dioxide leaves your body when you breathe out. The chart on page 72 in your textbook explains some diseases of the respiratory system. For example, a cold is caused by a virus. Signs of a cold are a runny nose and sneezing. Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria. Signs of tuberculosis are a cough, fever, and shortness of breath. Lung cancer is caused by tobacco and chemicals.
Quick Study
Pearson Education, Inc. 5
Parts of the Respiratory System
Name
Lesson 2 Checkpoint Use with pp. 7073
Lesson 2 Checkpoint 1. What is the job of the air sacs?
2. Describe how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together.
3. Identify common diseases of the respiratory system and their causes.
Sequence What is the order of structures that oxygen passes