EET3A

TarGATE15
ECTest ID: 151253
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Answer Keys
1
10
11
12
13
-42
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
1.02
25
26
27
28
29
30
13.35
31
32
33
34
1.13
35
36
4167.52
37
38
39
40
41
6.208
42
43
44
10
45
-6.25
46
47
48
49
50
51
60
52
0.2
53
54
1.02
55
10
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
Explanations:-
1.
G S
k
K is negative
SS T

G j 180 90 Tan 1 900 Tan 1
T
T
At 0 G j 900 and G j 00
2.
Standard form is
2u
2u
2u
u u
C
F x, y, u,
,
0
2
2
x
xy
y
x y
Comparing with standard form A=1, B=3, C=1

B2 4AC 9 4 5 0 Hyperbolic
3.
f ' x 2.
2
1
x 1 3
3
f ' 1 f x is not differentiablein 0, 2

f x is continuous x 0, 2 and f 0 f 2
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ECTest ID: 151253
4.
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f(x)=ax+b 0 x 1
1
f (x)dx 1 (ax b)dx 1

0
a bx 1;
2
0
2
a
b 1 a 2b 2 .......(1)
2
1
1
1
Given that mean E(x) xf (x)dx x(ax b)dx
3 0
3
0
1
1 ax 3 bx 2 1
(ax bx)dx

3 3
2 0 3
0
a b 1
2a 3b 3 ......(2)
3 2 3
From (1) and (2) 2(2 2b) 3b 2
4 4b 3b 2; b 2 & a 2
a b 0
1
5.
Let W (1 i 3)(1i) e(1i)log(1i

e
3)
(1 i) log 2 i 2n
3
log(x iy) log r i( 2n)
r x 2 y 2 ; tan 1 y
For principal value, putting n = 0 W e

6.
Controllable:
1
A
1
1
AB
1
1
,
0
1
B ,
0
C 0
1
, U 1 0 1 0
1
0
1
V CT ;AT CT ,CT A T CT
1
1
1 1 1
0 0 1
1
U B : AB
0
Observability:
7.

(1 i) log 2 i
3
1 0 1
0
V
0 1 0
1
1
V 0 1 1 0
0
System is controllable & observable
At resonance Vc Qo Vs
TarGATE15
ECTest ID: 151253
V 2i i
8.
V
2 also V=i
2
so V 2V V
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V
2
2
2i
2A
Voc
or V 4 volts
Finding R TH
i dc
9.
Vdc
2
idc
11
Vdc Vdc
Vdc 2i
2
2
V
; R TH dc 2
i dc
Idc Vdc
2i
2A
Vdc
Assuming D1 ON, no current can flow through 500 ohm resistor & D2 will be ON, but
5V 3v thus not possible
D1 = OFF, D2 = ON
i D1 0, i D2
V 5 4 103 500 3V
53
4mA
500
which makes D1 OFF, D2 ON, as
V
500
5V
3V
5V
which suits the case.
10.
R H
R H 3.6 10-4
=
0.04m2 / Vs
3
9 10
carrier density=
1
1
=
-19
qR H 1.6 10 3.6 10-4
1.74 1022 / m3
11.
10 V1 V0 V1
0 V0 2V1 V0 ....... (1)

5
5
10
V V0
2V1 V0
V1
I2 1
0 I2
I2
1A
10
10
10
10
13.
101010102 25 23 21
32 8 2 42
TarGATE15
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15.
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Q s CSI A B D
1
0 2
S 0
S
0
SI A
S 1 1
S 2 1
1
0 S 2
SI
s 1 ;
S 1 s 2
0
1
1
1
S 1
S 1 1
1 1 1
0
S 2
S 2
Q S 1
1
S 1S 2 1 S 1S 2
S 2S 2
2s 4
S 1S 2 S 1S 2
16.
2S
17.
We will have
3S 4 y S R S 1 2eS
Y S
R S
1 2eS
2S2 3S 4
Y X.Y.(1.0) x.y .(1.0)
(x.y)(1.0) (x.y).(1.0)
(x.y.1.0).(x.y.1.0) x.y.1.0 0
19.
ds .10r dv
10r.x
By Gauss divergence theorem
10 .r dv 10 3 dv 30V as .r 3
v
21.
JD
.B O
B H
B
t
H JC JD ;
22.
D
t
.D P
JD 0
1 2
1
ls
tan
2
2
0.7325
VSWR
1
4
1
1
D 0 E
B
0
t
0.169 tan 1 1
2
2 180o
3.93 1 0.5
2
ECTest ID: 151253
24.
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L1 2 Ac Am L2 Ac Am
Am
M
L1 L 2
L L2
; Ac 1
4
4
A1
A2
L1 L 2
64 2
0.2
L1 L 2
6 4 10
2
0.04
PT PC 1 11
1.02 watts
2
2
26.
1
1
x e n x n x n , x o n x n x n
2
2
27.
f(x)=x+sinx
f(x)=1+cosx
Formula in xn+1=xn f (x n )
f '(x n )
x n 1 x n
x n 1
28.
x n sin x n x n x n cos x n x n sin x n
x n cos x n sin x n
1 cos x n
1 cos x n
x n cos x n sin x n
1 cos x n
x
1
2
3
Total 6
y xy x2
1 1 1
3 6 4
4 12 9
8 19 14
Y=a+bx is to be fitted
Normal equations are
y na b x
xy a x b x 2
3a 6b 8
6a 14b 19
1
3
Solving these two equations a , b
3
2
ECTest ID: 151253
29.
TarGATE15
If F is irrotational then a function such that F =grad where

potential.
given that F 2xyz 3i x 2 y 3 j 3x 2 yz 2 k
2xyz 3i x 2 y3 j 3x 2 yz 2 k i
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is called scalar
j k
x
y
z
2xyz 3 ,
x 2 z3 ,
3x 2 yz 2
x
y
z
d dx dy dz 2xyz 3dx x 2 z 3dy 3x 2 yz 2dz d(x 2 yz 3 )

x
y
z
x 2 yz3 c ; where c is a cons tan t
30.
Assume node voltage V

v 10 V
V

1
3 2j 1 5 j
(v 10)(5 j) v[(5 j)(3 2 j)] V(3 2 j)
V[5 j (5 j)(3 2 j) 3 2 j] (3 2 j)(5 j)13 13j 10(5 j)
v 2.54 17.24
So I3
10 (2.442 j0.7528)
2.11 28.01
3 2j
P I3 .R 13.35 W
2
31.
t 0
10
Vc 0 80V
10
Vr(t)
10
Vc () 240 V
20
20
RC 50 1F 50 106 ;
t
Vc (t) 240 (80 240)e 5010
CdVc (t) 160 1 106 t.2104
e
dt
50 106
4
4
i R (t) 8 3.2e 2t10 VR (t) 80 32e 210 t
i c (t)
ECTest ID: 151253
32.
33.
TarGATE15
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50 10
30mA
2
20 8
12
40 30 103 R
k 171.42
R
70
Vo 8V .By graph Iz
For a bridge reach for PIV=Vmax
Vmax 2 Vm V2
V1 N 2
1
250 62.5V
N1
4
Vm 2 62.5 88.388
1.24
m 1.123 m 1.13 m
E g eV
34.
36.
VCEQ Vc VE VCEQ 13 7 6
VEQ
IEQ2
RE
IBQ2
IBQ1
6
5 mA;
1.2k
IEQ2
1 2
IBQ2
5mA
(61)
5mA
61 61
Vcc I1R1 0.70 0.7 IEQ R E 0

13 1.4 6 I1R1
IBQ1 R1
13 1.4 6
4167.52 k
5 103
61
37.
The diode in the circuit can be modelled using the given characteristic as
0.7 0.5
100
rf
k
4
rf 50
0.05k
~ 2 vi
100
i1
50
2 Vi
2 Vi 100
2 Vi
100
A
A 5 2 cos t mA
100 50 100 50
400 150
200
100
150
3
100
0.5
i2
A 5mA
i2
rf 50
100 100
50
100
100 100
0.5V
Using superposition,
i1
iD i1 i 2 5 2 cos 5 mA 5 1 cos t mA
TarGATE15
ECTest ID: 151253
38.
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The h parameter model will look like
Vs
hib
RE
hfbie
Vs
1
hob
ie
Rc
R L Vo
ib
So Vo h fb i e
Rc RL
h ob
Vs
sin ce i e
h ib
1
vs
h fb
Rc RL
h ib
h ob
( 0.99) 6
Vo
h 1
A v fb
Rc RL
10 2k 1.5k
Vs
h ib h ob
25
Vo
A V 33.91
39.
Upper cross over voltage when, vo = +10v, At upper threshold point

5
10
20
10
2
Vth VTh 2V
5 20
10 20
10 20
Lower cross over voltage when vo = -10v

5
10
20
10
2
VTL VTL = -4V
5 20
10 20
10 20
40.
When only V1 is applied V01 A1V1 8 A1

Similarly when only V2 is applied V02 A2 V2 20 A2 2 A2 10
Now using superposition Vo A1V1 A2 V2 Acm Vcm Ad Vd
Also Vcm
V1 V2 and V
2
V2 V1
V1 V2 A
d V2 V1 8V1 10V2
2
A cm V1 V2 2A d V2 V1 16V1 20V2
A cm
A cm 2A d 16 A cm 2A d 20
4A cm 2; 4A d 36 A d 9
CMRR 20log
Ad
13dB
A cm
TarGATE15
ECTest ID: 151253
41.
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1 frame will have 1bit of every sample , totalno of bits 96 8 8000

96 8 8000
64000
96
data rate total number of bits number synchronous bits required
6.208Mbps
number of synchronous bits required
42.
2E
The probability of error is given by Pe Q
N o
Where E is energy of each symbol

A 2 T 0.14 106 2 106
E
0.2 1013
2
2
2 0.2 1013
Pe Q
Q 20
15
10
For PM (t) k p x(t) k p Em cos m t
43.
2N1 R 8kHz, 20 R 2kHz; 2N-1 4 22 ; N-1=2; N=3

If bit length is increased by 2, then N'=N+2=3+2=5
The number of addition resistors will be 2 and then value be 16k and 32 k
44.
N-bit ring counter is N:1 divider, so, output of ring counter will be
200KHz
20KHz
10
MOD-N counter is divide-by-N counter. So, output of MOD-2 counter is
45.
20KHz
10KHz
2
For the input 1010; V0 i 5k

i
10
10
1mA 0.25mA
10k 40k
1.25mA
V0 6.25V
46.
Accumulator
0 0
RRC : 00011000
RRC : 00001100
RRc : 00000110
6H
TarGATE15
ECTest ID: 151253
47.
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1 n
X z 3z 3n u n 2z u n 1
2
ROC z 3 ;
ROC2 z
1
2
Hence ROCnet ROC1 ROC2 or null set
Hence X(z) does not exists

48.
h(t) H(j )
1 k (t ) 1
2k
e
H()
. 2
10
10 (k 2 )
1
for 3dB B.W H(3d )
H(0)
2
1
2k
1 2k
2
. 2
. 2
3d
k 2 2k 2
2
10 k 3d
10
k 2
k 2 ( 2 1) (3.217) 2 k 2 24.98 or k 5
49.
Given 2y(t)+y(t)=x(t)+x(t)
y(s)
s 1
H(s)
x(s)
s2
2
s 1
when cascaded H(s)
s2
2d 1

Group delay
tan () tan 1
d
2
2
1
1
1
0.2 2 1 1
0.2 2
.
2
2
1 2 2 2
1 2
2
4
2
1
0.1
4 52 4 10 4 2 2 22
2
2
1 4
4 52 4 10[2 2 ] 4 152 4 20 0
4 152 16 0 2 1, 16x 1
50.
x 0 x 2 1, x 1 x 3 1, x n 0
x e j
x n e
jn
othewise
x 0 x 1 e j x 2 e j2 x 3 e j3
1 e j e j2 e j3 1 e2 j 1 e j
10
TarGATE15
ECTest ID: 151253
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j
j
j
n
H e 0.9 e 2 u n e jn 0.9 e 2 e jn 0.9e 2 e j
n 0
n 0
n 0
j
51.
1
1 0.9e
j
2
1
1
1
j
1 0.9 je
1 0.9 j cos jsin 1 0.9sin j0.9cos
0.9 cos
The phase at 45 is H e j tan 1
60
1 0.9 sin
Kc
52.
output
G
input 1 G 1
2s 1 3s 1
K c .2
2s 1 3s 1
4
2s 1 3s 1 4
unit step change, then the function f s

Steady state offset = 1-lim s.f s 1
s 0
53.
1 4
s 2s 1 3s 1 4
4
0.2
11 4
S / N o vo / v n / v o / vs
vo / v n A 2 / 1 A1A 2
vo / vs A1A 2 / 1 A1A 2
Hence
S / N o A 2 / 1 A1A 2 / A1A 2 / 1 A1A 2

1 / A1
Hence S / N o would be independent of
54.
dT dH
STH
T H
H
d G
G
dH 1 GH
1 GH
H 1 GH 1 GH .0 GG GH
2
G
1 GH
1 GH
50
s s 1
50
50
50
s s 50 50 2 j
1
s s 1
T
H 1
50
50 1
2 2
1.02
11
TarGATE15
ECTest ID: 151253
55.
For a phase modulated wave

k f K p f m then
K pfm Am
fm
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k f Am
fm
K p Am
1 A m1
1
2 21 2 5 10
2 A m2
B2 2A
60.
P#Q P<Q; R ^S R>S; Q$R Q=R; P<Q=R

Hence P#R = P<R is true.
62.
Let the tens & unit digit be x & 8
8
8
Then 10x 18 10 x
x
x
2
2
10x 18x 8 80 x
9x 2 18x 72 0
x 2 2x 8 0
x 4 x 2 0
x2
Number is 24
63.
7 4 6
: : 105x, 40 x, 36x
2 3 5
150
A : B : C 105x 4
105x 8 : 40x 1 2 : 36x 12
100
1680x : 480x : 432 x 35 : 10 : 9
Ratio of initial investment =
10
Hence B'share Rs. 21600 Rs.4000

54
64.
65.
Since, first and second are mixed with equal proportions

75 85
Their average price = Rs.
Rs.80
2
So, the mixture is formed by mixing two varieties, one of Rs. 80 per kg and the other at say,
Rs. x per Kg in the ratio of 2 : 2 ie., 1 : 1
Bu the rule of Allegation
x 115
1 x 115 35 x 150
115 80
Required difference 16% 18% of 6000 18% 10% of 9000
34% of 6000 18% of 9000
2040 1620 420
12

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TarGATE15

ECTest ID: 151253

Comparing with standard form A=1, B=3, C=1

f ' 1 f x is not differentiablein 0, 2

ECTest ID: 151253

f (x)dx 1 (ax b)dx 1

Let W (1 i 3)(1i) e(1i)log(1i

log(x iy) log r i( 2n)

For principal value, putting n = 0 W e

System is controllable & observable

ECTest ID: 151253

which makes D1 OFF, D2 ON, as

which suits the case.

0 V0 2V1 V0 ....... (1)

ECTest ID: 151253

Y X.Y.(1.0) x.y .(1.0)

By Gauss divergence theorem

ECTest ID: 151253

x n sin x n x n x n cos x n x n sin x n

ECTest ID: 151253

If F is irrotational then a function such that F =grad where

given that F 2xyz 3i x 2 y 3 j 3x 2 yz 2 k

d dx dy dz 2xyz 3dx x 2 z 3dy 3x 2 yz 2dz d(x 2 yz 3 )

Assume node voltage V

Vc (t) 240 (80 240)e 5010

CdVc (t) 160 1 106 t.2104

ECTest ID: 151253

For a bridge reach for PIV=Vmax

Vcc I1R1 0.70 0.7 IEQ R E 0

ECTest ID: 151253

The h parameter model will look like

Upper cross over voltage when, vo = +10v, At upper threshold point

Lower cross over voltage when vo = -10v

When only V1 is applied V01 A1V1 8 A1

ECTest ID: 151253

1 frame will have 1bit of every sample , totalno of bits 96 8 8000

Where E is energy of each symbol

For PM (t) k p x(t) k p Em cos m t

2N1 R 8kHz, 20 R 2kHz; 2N-1 4 22 ; N-1=2; N=3

MOD-N counter is divide-by-N counter. So, output of MOD-2 counter is

For the input 1010; V0 i 5k

ECTest ID: 151253

Hence ROCnet ROC1 ROC2 or null set

Hence X(z) does not exists

ECTest ID: 151253

unit step change, then the function f s

S / N o A 2 / 1 A1A 2 / A1A 2 / 1 A1A 2

ECTest ID: 151253

For a phase modulated wave

P#Q P<Q; R ^S R>S; Q$R Q=R; P<Q=R

Let the tens & unit digit be x & 8

1680x : 480x : 432 x 35 : 10 : 9

Ratio of initial investment =

Hence B'share Rs. 21600 Rs.4000

Since, first and second are mixed with equal proportions

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