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PAZFLOR PROJECT
SURFACE FACILITIES
BASIC ENGINEERING
Rev.
Status
Date
Revision memo
Issued by
Checked by
Approved by
00
IFI
13.01.06
M. Ahmadian
E Olivier
M. Chiriac
T Gandrille
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
1.1. General ....................................................................................................................................3
1.2. Objectives ................................................................................................................................3
2. CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................3
3. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS .....................................................................................................5
4. MODEL CHARACTERISTICS...................................................................................................5
4.1. Simulation Software.................................................................................................................5
4.2. Binary coefficients....................................................................................................................5
4.3. Reference Conditions ..............................................................................................................5
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1.
GENERAL
During the pre-project studies, a unique PVT model has been developed for the 4 reservoir
fluids.
At this stage of basic engineering three additional reservoir fluids (Acacia-1 DST1, Acacia-1
DST2 and Acacia-2 DST1) need to be taken into account.
In addition, the pseudo-components characteristics have been originally tuned using PROII
process simulator in order to simulate the fluid properties (saturation pressure, Rs Bo etc).
Therefore, the PVT model has to be revised to incorporate new pseudo components and
also to correct some characteristics of previous components further to the migration from
PROII to HYSYS.
1.2.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this report is to present the simulation basis and different adjustment performed
in order to match the simulation software (Hysys) calculation results with the field data (MW,
Psat, Rs, Bo, GOR, Viscosity)
These Tuning results will be used as basis for process Hysys Simulations during Basic Engineering.
This report needs to be approved by Company before starting the topside simulations in order
to ensure that subsea and topside contractors are working based on same simulation basis.
2. CONCLUSION
Tuning on MW, Psat, Rs, Bo and GOR
As shown in this report, after tuning, the deviation between Hysys calculation results (MW,
Psat, Rs, Bo and GOR) and field data for different reservoir fluids are in the acceptable range.
The deviation between Hysys and Field data are Summarized in the following table:
Zinia 1
DST-1
Parameter
Psat
Rs
Bo process
Tank oil density
@15C
Reservoir fluid MW
Tank Oil MW
Acacia1
DST2
Acacia2
DST1
0%
-1.58 %
-4.10 %
0.2 %
-0.2 %
2.5 %
-2.6 %
0.8 %
-0.2 %
-1.6 %
-2.7 %
0.3 %
3.5 %
5.2 %
-1.3 %
2.1%
-1.0 %
5.4 %
-0.2 %
3.2 %
- 0.1 %
-1.2 %
- 2.7 %
1.4 %
0%
-0.54 %
0%
- 0.1 %
0%
- 0.3 %
0%
0.5 %
0%
1.5 %
5.1 % (1)
8.7 % (1)
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Note: Preliminary Topside simulation results based on tuned reservoir fluids shows that the Hysys results are close to those obtained during pre-project calculations.
Tuning on viscosity
The tuning on viscosity has been performed on the stabilised blends and not the reservoir crude
oil. Three blends have been studied: Miocene+Oligocene, Miocene only and Oligocene
only. For each blend, deviation between Hysys and experimental data have been calculated at
three various temperatures. Results are summarized in the following table:
Blend
Miocene + Oligocene
Miocene only
Oligocene only
Deviation at temperature 1
0% (at 50C)
3% (at 35C)
Deviation at temperature 2
3% (at 40C)
Deviation at temperature 3
0% (at 60C)
4% (at 50C)
Note: The viscosity tuning has been performed using the viscosities calculated for the blends
given in the pre-project process report. If composition of blends changes then viscosity data
need to be adjusted accordingly.
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3. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Following references have been used during tuning study.
[1] Pre-project Studies FPSO Process Report Rev0 dated on 04 Nov 2005.
[2] Minutes of Meeting dated 14th October and 09th November 2005. Refer to AppendixA for
details.
4. MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
4.1.
SIMULATION SOFTWARE
The Simulations are carried out using Hysys version 2004 with the following thermodynamic
setups:
4.2.
BINARY COEFFICIENTS
Binary Coefficients (Kij) used for different components are presented in the table presented in
the next page.
Note: Binary coefficients provided by PVT model gives a better match of fluid characteristics
rather than Kijs generated by Hysys.
4.3.
REFERENCE CONDITIONS
Standards conditions are 15.6 C and 1 atm.
Stock tank conditions are 15 C and 1 atm.
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BINARY COEFFICIENTS (Ref[2])
H2O
N2
CO2
H2O
-0.32
0.0445
0.5
N2
--
-0.02
0.04
--
0.1
--
CO2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
CN1
CN2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
0.5
0.5
0.05
0.08
0.13
C7
C8
C9
C10
CN1
CN2
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.48
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.09
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.12
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0853
0.0943
0.044
0.05
0.07
0.07
--
0.08
0.085
0.06
0.06
0.09
0.06
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
CN3
CN4
CN5
CN6
CN3
CN4
CN5
CN6
--
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Zinia-1
Reservoir
TC
Reservoir
P bara
Cut
N2
CO2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
CN1
CN2
CN3
CN4
CN5
CN6
Hortensia1
DST-1
61.6
Acacia 1
Acacia 1
Acacia 2
DST-1
65.8
Perpetua1
DST-2
63.5
DST-1
113.1
DST-2
93.3
DST-1
104.9
189.8
197.3
189.6
370.62
349.9
359.7
%mole
0.036
1.042
37.146
0.271
0.017
0.007
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.023
0.126
0.293
0.77
1.405
28.205
0
19.72 (1)
10.928
0
0
%mole
0.165
1.228
37.64
0.308
0.03
0.023
0.024
0.028
0.024
0.291
0.871
1.205
1.753
2.107
26.381
18.925
0
8.997
0
0
%mole
0.04
1.45
36.95
0.13
0.06
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.036
0.93
1.43
2.28
3.06
30.25
14.78
0
3.14
5
0
%mole
0.27
1.34
40.827
7.448
6.654
1.261
3.244
1.579
1.754
3.389
3.481
3.216
2.721
2.076
11.415
9.325
0
0
0
0
%mole
0.354
0.832
55.826
4.054
5.011
1.157
2.762
1.434
1.430
2.695
2.733
2.471
2.128
1.469
8.694
6.949
0
0
0
0
%mole
0.169
0.734
40.322
6.635
6.955
1.421
3.585
1.709
1.833
3.449
3.576
3.183
2.794
2.261
8.416
0
0
0
0
12.969
(1) The CN2 and CN3 pseudo component characteristics are exactly the same (except for Binary coefficient). For Zinia fluid, the CN2 composition has been transferred to CN3 in order to
be able to make the Psat tuning of this reservoir.
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The Pseudo Component Characteristics obtained after tuning are presented in the following table. Those characteristics modified during tuning are in BOLD and the original values are presented between brackets.
Cut
MW
Tc
Pc
Omega
Vc
SG
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
CN1
CN2
CN3
CN4
CN5
CN6
85.11
98.62
112.8
125.6
138.5
187.3
397.8
397.8
500
500
410
242.3
278.8
306.1
340.8
367.5
495 (480)
570
850 (570)
630
670 (630)
635 (614)
33.24
31.0
28.54
27.48
26.10
22.8
13.2
13.2
13.05
13.05
12.9
0.2556
0.2808
0.3257
0.3489
0.4189
0.57
0.72
0.72
0.95
0.95
0.81
0.38
0.43
0.50
0.53
0.56
0.88
1.36
1.36
2.45
1.81
1.47
0.7149
0.7387
0.7538
0.7743
0.788
0.8185
0.915
0.915
1.189
1.189
0.8904
CN1 critical temperature has been adjusted in order to match the ACACIA1 DST1&2
Saturation pressure
CN3 critical temperature has been adjusted in order to match ZINIA saturation pressure
Comparison between tuned Hysys calculation results and experimental data (Ref [2]) are summarized in the following tables:
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Bo process
Tank oil density
@15C (55C)
Reservoir fluid
MW
Tank Oil MW
13.01.06
Page 9 of 28
bara
Sm3/Sm
3
m3/Sm3
kg/m3
Experimental
Calculated
Relative deviation
182.0
46.2
182.0
45.48
0%
-1.58 %
1.123
949.4
(924.6)
195.8
1.077
951.3
(926.8)
195.8
-4.10 %
0.2 %
(0.2%)
0%
308.47
306.8
-0.54 %
PERPETUA1 DST2
Perpetua DST2 Upper
Parameter
Psat
Rs
Bo process
Tank oil density
@15C (50C)
Reservoir fluid
MW
Tank Oil MW
6.3.
IFI
ZINIA 1 DST1
Zinia 1 DST-1
Lower
Parameter
Psat
Rs
6.2.
Status
Rev Date
6.1.
00
bara
Sm3/Sm
3
m3/Sm3
kg/m3
Experimental
Calculated
Relative deviation
180.27
47.8
180.0
48.98
-0.2 %
2.5 %
1.121
929.3
(907.1)
184.1
1.091
936.8
(911.9)
184.1
-2.6 %
0.8 %
(0.5 % )
0%
292.06
291.7
- 0.1 %
Experimental
Calculated
Relative deviation
180.4
51.5
180.0
50.7
-0.2 %
-1.6 %
1.13
922.5
(906.7)
172.8
1.10
925.1
(907.4)
172.8
-2.7 %
0.3 %
(0.1 %)
0%
270.92
270.1
- 0.3 %
HORTENSIA 1 DST1
Hortensia DST1 Upper
Parameter
Psat
Rs
Bo process
Tank oil density
@15C (40C)
Reservoir fluid
MW
Tank Oil MW
bara
Sm3/Sm
3
m3/Sm3
kg/m3
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ACACIA1 DST1
Parameter
Psat
Rs
Bo process
Tank oil density
@15C (40C)
Reservoir fluid
MW
Tank Oil MW
bara
Sm3/Sm
3
m3/Sm3
kg/m3
Experimental
Calculated
Relative deviation
222.9
148
230.8
155.7
3.5 %
5.2 %
1.4537
832.8
(816.7)
92.1
1.435
850.2
(831.3)
92.13
-1.3 %
2.1%
(1.8 %)
0%
191.43
192.4
0.5 %
ACACIA1 DST2
Acacia1 DST-2
Parameter
Psat
Rs
Bo process
Tank oil density
@15C (35C)
Reservoir fluid
MW
Tank Oil MW
6.6.
IFI
Page 10 of 28
Acacia1 DST-1
6.5.
Status
Rev Date
6.4.
00
bara
Sm3/Sm
3
m3/Sm3
kg/m3
Experimental
Calculated
Relative deviation
349.5
237.9
345.9
241.0
-1.0 %
5.4 %
1.671
827.8
(814.9)
75
1.641
849.6
(834.5)
75
-0.2 %
3.2 %
(3.7 %)
0%
189.03
191.9
1.5 %
ACACIA2 DST1
Acacia 2 B525
DST
Parameter
Psat
Rs
Bo process
Tank oil density
@15C (40C)
Reservoir fluid
MW
Tank Oil MW
bara
Sm3/Sm
3
m3/Sm3
kg/m3
Experimental
Calculated
Relative deviation
224.4
135.99
224.2
134.4
- 0.1 %
-1.2 %
1.4027
839.1
(827.5)
98
1.364
850.7
(832.9)
103
- 2.7 %
1.4%
(0.7%)
5.1 %
197.05
214.2
8.7 %
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ZINIA
13
PERPETUA
77
HORTENSIA
10
TOTAL
100
BOPD
17 810
105 490
13 700
137 000
1 Stage bara/C
nd
Stage bara/C
ZINIA
13.0 / 55
PERPETUA
8.6 / 52.6
HORTENSIA
11.6 / 63.9
1 / 55
1 / 50
1 / 40
1 / 15
1 / 15
1 / 15
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The inlet mass flowrate (dry) of the reservoir fluids obtained as well as the overall gas flow rate
produced are given in the following table:
Specific contribution of reservoirs
ZINIA
PERPETUA
HORTENSIA
TOTAL Gas
flowrate
(G1+G2+G3)
STOCK TANK OIL
BLEND
MSm3/d
0.129
0.822
0.110
1.061
BOPD
17810
105490
13700
137000
MSm3/d
ZINIA
PERPETUA
HORTENSIA
0.230
1.464
0.197
A make up gas stream will be added to each reservoir fluid stream (Refer to stream Make-up
Gas in the figure above).
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With Gas
Make-up
Without
Make-up
As a consequence, the conditions of the flash composition and flow rate observed at the second and third stages will remain identical.
BOPD
BLEND
137000
MSm3/d
0.1288
0.8215
0.1103
1.061
78.2
78.2
78.2
78.2
MSm3/d
0.101
0.642
0.086
0.829
MSm3/d
0.230
1.464
0.197
1.89
BOPD
17810
105490
13700
137000
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Cut
N2
CO2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
CN1
CN2
CN3
CN4
CN5
CN6
DST-1
%mole
0.05
1.36
50.95
0.34
0.02
0.01
0
0
0
0.02
0.1
0.23
0.59
1.08
21.68
0
15.16
8.40
0
0
Perpetua1
DST-2
%mole
0.23
1.62
51.28
0.40
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.23
0.68
0.93
1.35
1.61
20.19
14.48
0
6.89
0
0
Hortensia1
DST-1
%mole
0.06
1.91
50.62
0.17
0.07
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.29
0.73
1.11
1.76
2.35
23.23
11.35
0
2.41
3.84
0
NB: The properties of the Stock tank Oil resulting from these new compositions are identical. But the properties of the new fluids at the reservoir conditions will no more stick to original ones (Psat at reservoir conditions for example).
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ACACIA 1
DST 2
ACACIA 2
DST 1
TOTAL
46
23
31
100
BOPD
43700
21 850
29 450
95 000
Vol percentage in
stock tank oil
Vol flowrate
st
1 Stage bara/C
nd
Stage bara/C
ACACIA 1
DST 1
13.1 / 48C
ACACIA 1
DST 2
23.1 / 66
ACACIA 2
DST 1
21 / 50
1 / 40
1 / 35
1 / 40
1 / 15
1 / 15
1 / 15
The gas flow rate adjustment principle is identical to Miocene. The difference is that for Oligocene, gas has to be removed instead of adding.
As an example, Acacia1-DST1 PT flashes are presented in the following figure:
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The inlet mass flowrate (dry) of the reservoir fluids obtained as well as the overall gas flow rate
produced are given in the following table:
Specific contribution of reservoirs
ACACIA 1
ACACIA 1
ACACIA 2
DST 1
DST 2
DST 1
TOTAL Gas flowrate
(G1+G2+G3)
STOCK TANK OIL
BLEND
MSm3/d
1.082
0.837
0.629
2.548
BOPD
43700
21 850
29 450
95 000
MSm3/d
ACACIA 1
DST 1
ACACIA 1
DST 2
ACACIA 2
DST 1
0.985
0.762
0.573
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Step 3: Determination of individual Gas off-take rate on each Oligocene reservoir fluid
The composition of the withdrawn gas will be considered as identical to the gas composition obtained in the first stage flash. This operation is carried out separately for each reservoir fluid.
It has to be noticed here that using a gas withdrawal composition consistent with the gas produced by the first flash will not impact the compositions of the gas and liquid phases produced
by the first stage but only the gas flow rate.
As a consequence, the conditions of the flash composition and flow rate observed at the second and third stages will remain identical.
Without
Make-up
BLEND
95000
MSm3/d
1.082
0.837
0.629
2.548
8.96
8.96
8.96
8.96
MSm3/d
0.097
0.075
0.056
0.228
Sm3/d
0.985
0.762
0.573
2.320
Sm3/d
43700
21850
29450
95000
BOPD
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Cut
N2
CO2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
CN1
CN2
CN3
CN4
CN5
CN6
ACACIA 1
DST 1
ACACIA 1
DST 2
ACACIA 2
DST 1
DST-1
%mole
0.26
1.29
38.98
7.19
6.62
1.28
3.32
1.64
1.83
3.56
3.67
3.39
2.87
2.19
12.06
9.85
0
0
0
0
DST-2
%mole
0.34
0.81
54.00
3.96
5.01
1.18
2.83
1.49
1.49
2.84
2.90
2.63
2.27
1.57
9.27
7.41
0
0
0
0
DST-1
%mole
0.16
0.70
38.23
6.42
6.98
1.45
3.69
1.78
1.91
3.62
3.77
3.36
2.95
2.39
8.88
0
0
0
0
13.69
NB: The properties of the Stock tank Oil resulting from these new compositions are identical.
But the properties of the new fluids at the reservoir conditions will no more stick to original
ones (Psat at reservoir conditions for example).
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9.1.
ACACIA 1 DST 1
ACACIA 1 DST 2
ACACIA 2
Temperature
(C)
40
35
40
Density
(kg/m 3)
816.7
814.9
827.5
Kinematic viscosity
(cSt)
3.9
4.0
4.5
The slope of the viscosity straight line of each ACACIA fluid in the viscosity chart has been considered has identical to the slope of the ACACIA 1 DST2 determined from the chemistry report
data in the Newtonian zone (i.e above the Wax appearance temperature: 5.3 cSt at 40C and
3.6 cSt at 60C).
For each Acacia fluids, the viscosity values at 35C and 50C have been extrapolated from the
available experimental viscosity point and the straight line slope.
The results are given in the following table:
Temperature
ACACIA 1 DST 1
ACACIA 1 DST 2
ACACIA 2
C
cSt
cSt
cSt
35
4.3
4
5.0
50
3.3
3
3.7
Then, the viscosity of the ACACIA blend is calculated at 35C and 50C using the equation 1
presented below :
V1 ln 1
V n ln n
+ ... +
ln 1000
ln( 1000 1 )
ln( 1000 n )
= exp
(equation 1)
V
ln
V
ln
1
1
1
n
n
+ ... +
ln(
1000
)
ln(
1000
1
n
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where :
? is the kinematic viscosity of the blend,
?i is the kinematic viscosity of the crude i in the blend,
Vi is the volume fraction of the crude i in the blend.
(viscosities are at the same temperature)
Viscosities of ACACIA blend at 35C and 50C are summarized below :
Temperature
ACACIA BLEND
C
cSt
35
4.4
50
3.3
PERPETUA
ZINIA
HORTENSIA
Temperature
(C)
15
55
15
55
15
40
Dynamic viscosity
(cP)
557.6
47.7
1550
75
131.29
32.606
Density
(kg/m 3)
936.8
908.8
951.3
926.9
925.1
908.3
Kinematic viscosity
(cSt)
595.2
52.5
1629.3
80.9
141.9
35.9
C
cSt
cSt
cSt
cSt
35
145
280
45
4.4
50
65
105
24
3.3
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Temperature
Kinematic viscosity of
the Blend
Density
Dynamic viscosity of
the Blend
C
cSt
35
25.2
50
15.0
60
11.0
Kg/m3
cP
888.1
22.4
877.3
13.2
870.1
9.6
Adjustment of viscosity curves for the pseudo-components in Hysys for the blend Miocene+Oligocene.
In order to obtain a calculated stock tank viscosity as close as possible to the data of above table, the viscosity of the pseudo components from C6 to CN6 has been adjusted by trial and error (using a unique curve for all the pseudo).
The viscosity of the stock tank oil calculated by HYSYS takes into account the presence of the
light components as IC4, NC4, IC5, and NC5.
The viscosity points for the pseudo-component are given in the following table:
Temperature
(C)
35C
50C
60C
Viscosity of the
blend calculated
by Hysys (cP)
22.6
13.1
9.6
Error
Hsys/Estimation
0.9%
-0.8%
0%
Viscosity of
pseudocomponents (cP)
25
16
10
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Temperature
Kinematic viscosity of
the Blend
Density
Dynamic viscosity of
the Blend
C
cSt
35
138.1
50
62.2
60
39
70
27
Kg/m3
cP
923.9
127.6
913.4
56.8
906.3
35.3
899.3
24.3
Adjustment of viscosity curves for the pseudo-components in Hysys for the blend Miocene only.
For each pseudo-component, the same viscosity curve has been given in Hysys and adjusted
by trial and error so that the viscosity of the stabilized blend given by Hysys is equal to the viscosity of the blend estimated using the ASTM chart (see table above).
The viscosity points for the pseudo-component are given in the following table:
Temperature
(C)
50
60
70
Viscosity of the
blend from estimation (cP)
56.8
35.3
24.3
Viscosity of the
blend calculated
by Hysys (cP)
56.8
35.8
24.2
Error
Hysys/Estimation
0%
1.4%
-0.4%
56.8
35
24
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C
cSt
Kg/m3
cP
35
4.4
833.7
3.7
40
4.0
830.0
3.3
50
3.3
822.4
2.7
Temperature
(C)
35C
40C
50C
Viscosity of the
blend from estimation (cP)
3.7
3.3
2.7
Viscosity of the
blend calculated by
Hysys (cP)
3.8
3.4
2.8
Error
Hysys/Estimation
3%
3%
4%
4.9
4.2
3.5
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10. APPENDIXES :
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