Light Therapy Manual

,/
L.E.D.
LIGHT
THERAPY
Explore Beyond Limitations
Copyright 2013 The Quantum Academies
NIRVANA ZARABI-SMITH
, DNM
Page
| 1(EdITOR)
Acknowledgements
The success of any project depends largely on the support of others and this
program has been a group effort. I take this opportunity to express my sincere
gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the successful completion
of this manual. I would like to show my most sincere appreciation to the
following people for contributing their invaluable expertise to the text and
curriculum development:
Ginger Bowler, Ph.D.

Thomas Burke, Ph.D.
Wes Burwell, QBS
Nadine Flowers
Eva Gellman
Leo A. Kirkner, PT
Edward Meyer
Jody Mittiga
Terri Songbird Phillips, RN
Dottie Schafer
Stefan A. Smith, Esq.
Without their encouragement and guidance this manual would not have
materialized. The guidance and support received from these individuals was
vital for the success of the manual. I am grateful for their constant support and
assistance.
Very special appreciation goes to Wes Burwell for his efforts and expertise in the
editorial phase of this manual.
My thanks to you all!
Nirvana Zarabi-Smith, DNM
Director of Education
The Quantum Academies
Page | 2
www.thequantumacademies.com
COPYRIGHT 2013
THE QUANTUM ACADEMIES
412 North Palm Drive, Suite 501
Beverly Hills, CA 90210
Phone: 800-940-9342
Fax: 310-861-0345
NOTICE OF RIGHTS
All rights reserved. No part of this
manual may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form by any
means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying,
recording,
or
otherwise, without the written
permission of the publishers.
DEVICE DISCLAIMER
Your light therapy system is to be
used for the management of pain
and to increase local circulation.
The unit does not diagnose anyone
and it is not a substitute for
professional care.
Trained staff
should use this unit. No claims are
made of the unit or its results, and
nothing that the therapist does is
meant to either Nr diagnose or treat
any illness or disease. Use of the
system is not intended to replace any
treatment from a medical doctor.
One should always follow the advice
of their doctor.
CONTENT DISCLAIMER
The information contained in this
manual is intended only for the
education of light therapists. The
authors do not advocate the use of
any particular healthcare protocol,
usage of remedies, or combination
thereof. The authors do not warrant
the effectiveness or safety of any
protocols or remedies contained in
this manual. The information
contained herein shall not substitute
for consultation with a physician or
other qualified healthcare provider.
Any attempt to diagnose and treat
an illness should be done under the
direction
of
an
authorized
healthcare professional.
Page | 3
Welcome!
Welcome!
to The Quantum Academies and the Light

Therapy Certification program!
The Quantum Academies is proud to be educating successful

professionals through its structured training curriculum and
certification programs. We have made it easy for you to receive
training from the comfort of your own home! Our video instruction for
the Light Therapy training program is now available on demand alongside with
your e-training learning material.
By following the steps in our Light Therapy training program, you may become
recognized as a Certified Light Therapist (CLT) through the Board of Advanced
Natural Health Sciences (BANHS).
It is always exciting to start a new course and rewarding when you successfully
complete it. We are certain that once you are finished with the program, you
will become skilled and prepared to work with your clients in the exciting field of
light therapy.
We hope that this course meets your expectations, and we greatly appreciate
your commitment in choosing our course-work.
Director of Education
The Quantum Academies

Page | 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgements......................................................................................................................... 2
Notice of Rights ............................................................................................................................... 3
Welcome! ........................................................................................................................................ 4
Certification Procedures ............................................................................................................... 13
Practitioner Terminology .............................................................................................................. 16
CHAPTER 1 - LIGHT THERAPY CURRICULUM FOR CERTIFICATION THROUGH THE
BOARD OF ADVANCED NATURAL HEALTH SCIENCES (BANHS)................................................... 26
Watch Video 1: Light Therapy Course Introduction | Stefan Smith, Esq.
(www.thequantumacademies.com, Light Therapy, Video Training)
CHAPTER 2 - WHAT IS LIGHT? ...................................................................................................... 29
Watch Video 2: What is Light? Wes Burwell, QBS with Ginger Bowler, PhD
Physiology Effects Relative to Light Absorption ..................................................................... 33
Why the Different Colors (Wavelengths) in Light Therapy? ................................................... 35
Self-Quiz .................................................................................................................................. 37
CHAPTER 3 - WHY IS LIGHT IMPORTANT TO LIVING ORGANISMS? ........................................... 41
We are Swimming in an Ocean of Light .................................................................................. 43
Self-Quiz .................................................................................................................................. 58
CHAPTER 4 - THE HISTORY OF LIGHT THERAPY ........................................................................... 62
CHAPTER 5 - WHAT IS LIGHT IN MODERN TIMES? ...................................................................... 66
Watch Video 3: Light in the Modern Times | Wes Burwell, QBS with Ginger Bowler, PhD
Continuous Vs. Pulsed............................................................................................................. 69
Copyright 2013 | The Quantum Academies
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Frequency and Duty Cycle ...................................................................................................... 70

Quiz ......................................................................................................................................... 72
CHAPTER 6 - FREQUENCY MEDICINE ........................................................................................... 78
Watch Video 4: Frequency Medicine | Terri Songbird Phillips, RN
Watch Video 5: Chakras and Meridians | Terri Songbird Phillips, RN
Nogiers Frequencies Setting 1 ............................................................................................... 79
A Setting .................................................................................................................................. 86
B Setting .................................................................................................................................. 86
C Setting .................................................................................................................................. 87
Solfeggio Frequencies ............................................................................................................. 93
Schumann Resonance Frequencies ........................................................................................ 94
Self-Quiz .................................................................................................................................. 95
CHAPTER 7 - IN LIGHT WELLNESS SYSTEMS - CONTROLLERS...................................................... 97
CHAPTER 8 - WHAT ARE CELLS? ................................................................................................. 102
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Cell Reproduction.................................................................................................................. 105

Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 110
CHAPTER 9 - WHAT IS ENDOTHELIUM? ..................................................................................... 110
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 118
CHAPTER 10 - SOME CONSEQUENCES OF THE LACK OF LIGHT ................................................. 119
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 124
CHAPTER 11 - ELECTRONICS: THE BASICS FOR UNDERSTANDING LED LIGHT THERAPY.......... 128
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 130
CHAPTER 12 - THE NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSIOLOGY OR MEDICINE 1998 ..................................... 131
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 136
CHAPTER 13 - WHAT IS NITRIC OXIDE? ..................................................................................... 138
Acupuncture Improves Nitric Oxide Production ................................................................... 141
Prevent Heart Attack and Stroke with Nitric Oxide .............................................................. 142
Nitric Oxide in the Body ........................................................................................................ 145
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 156
CHAPTER 14 - HOW DOES LED LIGHT THERAPY SUPPORT THE BODY IN THE RELEASE OF NITRIC
OXIDE? ........................................................................................................................................ 162
Watch Video 6: Light and Nitric Oxide | Dr. Thomas Burke PhD
Nitric Oxide and its Role in Health and Diabetes .................................................................. 163
Part 1-Discovery of Nitric Oxide (NO), Nobel Prize, Relevance in Vasodilation ................... 167
Part 2-Isoforms of Nitric Oxide (NO) Synthase ..................................................................... 169
Part 3-Nitric Oxide (NO) Metabolism in Diabetic Patients ................................................... 171
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Part 4-How Nitric Oxide (NO) Causes Vasodilation ............................................................. 174

Part 5-Nitric Oxide (NO) and Neurotransmission ................................................................. 176
Part 6-Nitric Oxide's Effects on Proliferation/Differentiation: Fibroblasts, Blood Vessels
(Angiogenesis), and Skin ....................................................................................................... 178
Part 7-Nitric Oxide (NO) and Relief of Pain ........................................................................... 180
Part 8-Nitric Oxide (NO) and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) .................................. 182
Part 9-How Light (Photo Energy) May Increase Local Nitric Oxide (NO) and Vasodilation .. 184
Part 10-Nitric Oxide (NO) and Its Role in Wound Prevention and Wound Healing ............. 186
Part 11-Wound Care with Nitric Oxide (NO) Therapy The Basis for The Anodyne System
............................................................................................................................................... 189
Part 12-The Current Science and Benefit of Nitric Oxide (NO) and Diabetes ...................... 191
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 194
CHAPTER 15 - WHAT IS PAIN ANYWAYS? .................................................................................. 201
Watch Video 7: What is Pain? | Terri Songbird Phillips, RN
McGill Pain Questionnaire .................................................................................................... 220
Contributing Factors as to How One Might Experience Pain ............................................... 221
Other Conditions That May Result From Chronic Pain ......................................................... 222
How Ones Life Can be Hijacked by Chronic Pain ................................................................. 223
Understanding the Clients Pain-Real or Imagined? ............................................................. 225
Understanding the Clients Pain and Measuring Success ..................................................... 227
Psychological Pain ................................................................................................................. 230
Spinal Misalignments and the Emotional Connections ........................................................ 232
Physical Effects of Spinal misalignments .............................................................................. 235
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Pain and How it Relates to the Stress Response .................................................................. 237

Foods Can Help Reduce Pain ................................................................................................ 239
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 240
CHAPTER 16 - IMPLICATIONS OF CHRONIC STRESS .................................................................. 256
Tension-Taming Techniques ................................................................................................. 258
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 261
CHAPTER 17-UNDERSTANDING THE ENERGY MODEL FOR THE LIGHT THERAPY CURRICULUM
..................................................................................................................................................... 264
Watch Video 8: Energy Medicine | Ginger Bowler, PhD and Terri Songbird Phillips, RN
Understanding and Managing our Energy Field ................................................................... 265
16 Rules for Understanding Energy ...................................................................................... 266
The Human Energy Field ....................................................................................................... 268
Why Does Energy Affect our Chakras? ................................................................................. 271
Basic Seven Chakras .............................................................................................................. 273
The Auric Field ...................................................................................................................... 282
Aura Colors ............................................................................................................................ 283
The Three Planes and the Seven Energy Field Bodies .......................................................... 288
Newtonian Vs. Einstein Medicine: The Energy of the Science of Life-Energy ...................... 295
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 297
CHAPTER 18 - LIGHT & ACUPUNCTURE MERIDIANS ................................................................. 310
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 326
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CHAPTER 19 - LEGAL AND COMPLIANCE ................................................................................... 335

Watch Video 9: Legal and Compliance | Stefan Smith, Esq. with Ginger Bowler, PhD
Watch Video 10: Informed Consent | Stefan Smith, Esq. with Ginger Bowler, PhD
Watch Video 11: Professional Ethics | Stefan Smith, Esq. with Ginger Bowler, PhD
Informed Consent Form - Sample ......................................................................................... 340
Progress Notes Form............................................................................................................. 343
Ethics Statement - Sample .................................................................................................... 346
Practitioner Terminology ...................................................................................................... 349
Homework Informed Consent & Ethics Statement ........................................................... 361
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 362
CHAPTER 20 - WHAT IS THE IN LIGHT WELLNESS SYSTEM FDA CLEARED FOR?....................... 381
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 382
CHAPTER 21 - PAD PLACEMENT ................................................................................................. 384
Watch Video 12: Pad Placement | Leo Kirkner, PT
Pad Placement Explained ...................................................................................................... 384
Pad Placement Quick Reference Guide ................................................................................ 398
CHAPTER 22 DISCLAIMERS (CONTRAINDICATIONS) .............................................................. 402
Self-Quiz ................................................................................................................................ 406
CHAPTER 23 - RESEARCH SUBSTANTIATING POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF LED LIGHT THERAPY .. 408
CHAPTER 24 - FORMS ................................................................................................................. 421
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Disclaimers (Contraindications) ............................................................................................ 422

Cleaning the Light Therapy Unit ........................................................................................... 424
Poly Bags ............................................................................................................................... 424
Certification Procedures ....................................................................................................... 425
Practitioner Terminology ...................................................................................................... 428
Informed Consent Form ........................................................................................................ 438
Ethics Statement - Sample .................................................................................................... 440
Progress Notes Form............................................................................................................. 441
Light Therapy Pads ................................................................................................................ 442
Pad Placement Quick Reference Guide ............................................................................. 445
Nogiers Frequencies Setting 1 ............................................................................................. 448
A Setting ................................................................................................................................ 455
B Setting ................................................................................................................................ 455
C Setting ................................................................................................................................ 456
Frequency Zones According to Nogier .................................................................................. 457
Naming and Measuring Pain ................................................................................................. 458
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Spinal Misalignments and the Emotional Connections ........................................................ 459

Physical Effects of Spinal misalignments .............................................................................. 462
Foods Can Help Reduce Pain ................................................................................................ 464
Understanding and Managing our Energy Field ................................................................... 465
16 Rules for Understanding Energy ...................................................................................... 466
Basic Seven Chakras .............................................................................................................. 468
Aura Colors ............................................................................................................................ 477
Meridians .............................................................................................................................. 481
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................ 490
Answers to Self-Quizzes .............................................................................................................. 493
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Li gh t Th er apy Cert if icat io n Pr o ced ur es

1
Light
Therapy
Manual
Informed
Consent &
Ethics
Statement
Supplemental
Reading
Assignment
Online
Training
Videos
Light
Therapy
Exam
Certification
through
BANHS
Self-Quizzes
Anatomy &
Physiology /
Online Exam
Professional
Liability
Insurance
Page | 13
Light Therapy Certification Procedures

Total Continuing Education Units: 77
Step 1:
Light Therapy Manual

Read and study the 500 page Light Therapy manual. The online course
content for the manual is downloadable and it is divided into twenty-four
chapters covering the basics of light therapy. This manual is designed for
novice users to gain proficiency and understanding of the science and
practice of light therapy. (30 CEU - Continuing Education Units)
Step 2:
Online Training Videos

12 online training videos are to be viewed in conjunction with reading the
Light Therapy manual. See the manuals Table of Contents for the proper
timing of video instruction. The online training videos can be viewed at:
Light Therapy,
Video Training
www.thequantumacademies.com,
(10 CEU)
Step 3:
Self-Quizzes
Test your understanding through the Self-Quizzes listed at the end of the
course chapters to prepare you for the final exam.
Step 4:
Informed Consent & Ethics Statement

Following the Legal and Compliance modules (Chapter 19) and video
training, you will need to draft your personalized informed consent
document and ethics statement and submit as a Word or PDF document
to: coaching@thequantumacademies.com.
A sample Informed Consent form and Ethics Statement document is
included in the Light Therapy manual. (5 CEU)
Step 5:
Light Therapy Exam

Demonstrate your knowledge gained from our training program through
the online Light Therapy Exam. This examination is required for Certified
Light Therapist qualification. This is a timed open-book exam and can be
accessed at www.thequantumacademies.com,
Light Therapy,
Exams (Online Exam Fee: $50)
Page | 14
Step 6:
Anatomy & Physiology Course / Online Exam

You must take the Anatomy & Physiology course or the equivalent (as
documented by transcript or license) as a requirement for Certified Light
Therapist status. This is a home study course and the course content for
the manual is downloadable. Completion of the course requires that you
take and pass the Anatomy & Physiology online exam. The exam is
available online at www.thequantumacademies.com,
Light Therapy,
Exams (12 CEU, Online Exam Fee: $50)
Step 7:
Supplemental Reading Assignment

You will be assigned a supplemental text to read and directions to perform
a written assignment. Submit your homework via email to the following
address: homework@thequantumacademies.com. (20 CEU)
Step 8:
Certification through BANHS

With the completion of this course (all of the above steps), each student is
given the opportunity to become a Certified Light Therapist (CLT), which is
accredited through the Board of Advanced Natural Health Sciences
(BANHS).
Application: You may apply for certification through BANHS at
www.banhs.org (Go to: Applications/Light Therapy Certification/The
Quantum Academies/Application) The application for the Certified Light
Therapist (CLT) is online. The fee for the CLT certification is $159 and it is
made payable to BANHS. Following your application, BANHS will request
confirmation from The Quantum Academies of your course completion.
Annual Renewal: Annual recertification through BANHS requires 20 CEU.
Completion of this requirement needs to be documented on the BANHS
recertification form. Each certified practitioner should retain proof of
continuing education units. When you become BANHS certified, you will
receive an email notice when your renewal is due. The annual renewal
fee is $59 and payable directly to BANHS on the boards website.
By obtaining your CLT, you will be able to apply for professional liability
insurance through a qualified insurance company.
Step 9:
Professional Liability Insurance

The Certified Light Therapy certification will allow you to apply for liability
insurance with a registered insurance company through the Board of
Advanced Natural Health Sciences at www.banhs.org. You can apply for
professional liability insurance by accessing the online application after
receiving your certification number through BANHS.
Page | 15
Practitioner Terminology
Communication with clients about light therapy:
LED light therapy units utilize light emitting diodes to administer a combination of red,
blue and infrared light to the skin, muscles, joints and bones. These wavelengths
stimulate circulation and reduce pain. When the units are placed onto the skin, the
lights emit photons that are able to stimulate energy production. The wavelengths of
red, blue and infrared light activate the skins photoreceptors. The photons also
penetrate surface tissues where they are absorbed by the underlying cells mitochondria
(cell components involved in energy production).
Through the use of light therapy, Certified Light Therapists can help their clients with the
temporary relief of minor pain, stiffness and muscle spasms and to temporarily increase
local blood circulation all with the goal of improving the quality of their lives.
Light therapy has been shown to increase circulation directly and also by boosting the
formation of capillaries which deliver more oxygen at the sites of treatment to speed up
healing.
Non-licensed practitioners who become Certified Light Therapists are trained to use
their light therapy systems as professional providers, but are not legally qualified to
diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any medical or psychological condition, disease, or
disorder. By law, it is illegal in the US, Canada and most other jurisdictions in the world
for unlicensed practitioners to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any medical or
psychological disease, disorder or condition. In these same jurisdictions, it is legal for
qualified professionals to practice light therapy as long as they do not claim to diagnose,
treat, cure or prevent any medical or psychological disorder, disease, or condition. In
addition, they may not use any terminology that implies any of the aforementioned.
Guidelines for Practicing with Safe Terminology:

Non-licensed practitioners must avoid the use of certain terminology due to scope of
practice issues to which non-licensed practitioners are precluded. Non-licensed
practitioners performance of light therapy services is not medical in nature. The
services performed need to be oriented towards wellness rather than disease focused.
The items mentioned on the following page are processes that would not fit within the
non-licensed practitioners scope of light therapy.
Page | 16
Non-Licensed Practitioners Do NOT:
Assess
Counsel
Cure
Detect
Diagnose
Evaluate
Heal
Identify
Make Claims
Make Promises
Mitigate
See Patients
Prescribe
Prevent
Recommend
Repair
Treat
Use the word Disease
Light therapy is only used for the temporary relief of minor pain, stiffness and
muscle spasms and to temporarily increase local blood circulation.
Remind your client as many times as necessary that applied light therapy is not
treating the underlying medical condition or disease, but that it might reduce the
pain or other symptoms of the disease.
Explain that health is an individual matter with many approaches to healing and
guarantees are not possible.
Don't ever interfere with or contradict a doctor's recommendations or

prescriptions. You could suggest that getting a second opinion is not uncommon
and within their rights, but its not the role of the Certified Light Therapist to
support their client to stop their doctors orders without appropriate consultation
with a medical professional.
Stay within the scope of your practice!
Page | 17
Educational Language:
Example 1: A client reports: My knee hurts. It has been hurting every once in a while
ever since high school when I injured it playing football. But lately, it just hurts all the
time. Im tired of taking painkillers all the time. What else can I do?
A diagnostic response would be: You probably have arthritis in your knee. Or,
Arthritis usually starts several years after an injury.
A prescriptive response would be: Try taking Glucosamine three times a day,
to decrease the swelling in your knee, and the pain will subside.
An educational response would be: Research has shown that light therapy has
been shown to ease pain by increasing circulation, partly by boosting the
formation of capillaries which deliver more oxygen to damaged tissues and this
may help to speed up healing.
Or Some of my clients have told me that some dietary supplements are reported
to reduce the swelling and decrease the pain in their joints. You might want to
read up on the effects of adding Glucosamine to a daily routine.
Example 2: A client reports: I have a sore throat. What can I do for it?
A diagnostic response would be: Your sore throat is probably strep, because
that is what has been going around. The practitioner is diagnosing what is
wrong, by telling the client why he/she has a sore throat.
A prescriptive response would be: Take vitamin C three times a day for a
week, and drink slippery elm tea to soothe your throat and you will feel better.
An educational response would be: When I feel like that, I take extra vitamin
C, and drink tea made from slippery elm bark. If you look up and read material
on these two substances you can learn about their relationship to building the
immune system and how the bark of the slippery elm has been used to soothe
mucous membranes throughout the body and ease the soreness of my throat.
I find that it also tastes good.
Using educational language verbally throughout your light therapy session, and using
only educational and client language throughout all of your written forms, notes and
materials in your record-keeping is important both legally and ethically. It is not illegal to
inform and educate about wellness and health, yet the interpretation of how the
information is conveyed can make the difference between being viewed by some as
practicing medicine without a license or not. Educating and empowering the client is
the ultimate goal of the practitioner. Practicing with high professional integrity and
competency is imperative.
Page | 18
WHAT CAN I LEGALLY SAY TO CLIENTS?

ASSESS
Do Not Assess
Assess: 1) an evaluation or appraisal
of a condition. 2) the process of
making such an evaluation. 3) an
examiners evaluation of the disease
or condition based on the patients
subjective report of the symptoms
and course of the illness or condition
and the examiners objective findings,
including data obtained through
laboratory tests, physical
examination, medical history, and
information reported by family
members and other health care team
members.
* It is illegal for any unlicensed
professional to assess a medical or
psychological condition, disease or
disorder.
CLAIMS
Do Not Make Claims

Claims: A claim authorized by the US
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
that must be supported by credible
scientific evidence regarding a
relationship between a substance and
a disease or health-related condition.
Both of these elements, a substance
and a disease, must be present in a
health claim. An example of an
authorized health claim is: Calcium
may reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
*Only licensed healthcare
professionals can make medical
claims.
Do Reduce Pain & Increase

Circulation
Pain: an unpleasant feeling often
caused by intense or damaging
stimuli.
Circulation: The movement of fluid
through the body in a regular or
circuitous course. The circulatory
system is composed of the heart and
blood vessels.
Certified Light Therapists use light
therapy for the temporary relief of
minor pain, stiffness and muscle
spasms and to temporarily increase
local blood circulation to improve the
quality of life.

Circulation
stimuli.
blood vessels.
quality of life.
Page | 19

COUNSEL
Do Not Counsel
Counsel: 1) an advice given
especially as a result of consultation.
2) use of an interactive helping
process focusing on the needs,
problems, or feelings of the patient
and significant others to enhance or
support coping, problem solving, and
interpersonal relationships.
professionals can counsel patients.
CURE
Do Not Cure
Cure: to correct, heal, mend,
regenerate, rehabilitate, relieve,
remediate, repair, restore, treat or
otherwise help a person recover from
any medical or psychological
condition. It is illegal for any
unlicensed professional to cure or
treat any condition, disease or
disorder.
* It is illegal for any unlicensed
professional to cure a medical or
disorder.

Circulation
stimuli.
blood vessels.
quality of life.
Circulation
stimuli.
blood vessels.
quality of life.
Page | 20

DIAGNOSE
DIAGNOSIS
Do Not Diagnose or State a

Diagnosis

Circulation
Diagnose: to analyze, appraise,

assay, assess, calculate, evaluate,
estimate, examine, experiment,
gauge, guess, investigate, judge,
probe, rank, rate or reckon any
medical or psychological condition,
disease or disorder.

stimuli.
Diagnosis: the process of

determining by examination the
nature and circumstances of a
diseased condition.
DISEASE
*It is illegal for any unlicensed

professional to diagnose a medical or
disorder.
Do Not Use the Word Disease
Disease: a disordered or incorrectly
functioning organ, part, structure, or
system of the body resulting from the
effect of genetic or developmental
errors, infection, poisons, nutritional
deficiency or imbalance, toxicity, or
unfavorable environmental factors;
illness; sickness; ailment.
professionals can treat a disease.

blood vessels.
quality of life.
Circulation
stimuli.
blood vessels.
quality of life.
Page | 21

EVALUATE
Do Not Evaluate
Evaluate: to examine someone who
is ill or injured and calculate the
medical treatment they require.
professionals can evaluate someone
who is ill.
HEAL
Do Not Heal
Heal: 1) to return to a healthy state.
2) to make someone or something
get better. 3) to restore wounded
parts or to make healthy.

Circulation
stimuli.
blood vessels.
quality of life.
Circulation
stimuli.
blood vessels.
quality of life.
Page | 22

MITIGATE
Do Not Mitigate
Mitigate: 1) alleviate 2) to moderate
(a quality or condition) in force or
intensity; alleviate. 3) to make less
severe or painful.

Circulation
stimuli.
blood vessels.
PATIENT
Do Not Say Patient

quality of life.
Do Say Client
Patient: the term Patient is applied

to clients under the care of a licensed
healthcare professional.
Client: a customer; a person that

engages the professional services of
another.

professionals can use the term
Patient.
PRESCRIBE
*Certified Light Therapists use the

term Client.
Do Not Prescribe
Prescribe: to advise, apply therapies,
coerce, counsel, manipulate,
promote, recommend, require,
suggest or otherwise treat a client.
professionals can prescribe.
Do Educate & Coach

Educate: to train by formal
instruction and supervised practice;
to provide with information.
Coach: one who instructs or trains.
Page | 23

PREVENT
Do Not Prevent
Prevention:1) Any procedure taken
to stop a disease from either
occurring (primary prevention) or
worsening (secondary prevention). 2)
Actions directed to preventing illness
and promoting health to reduce the
need for secondary or tertiary health
care. Prevention includes such
actions as assessment, including
disease risk; application of prescribed
measures, such as immunization,
early diagnosis and treatment.
PROGNOSIS
Do Not Say Prognosis

Prognosis: a forecasting of the
probable course and outcome of a
disease, especially of the chances of
recovery.
RECOMMEND

prognosis.
Do Not Recommend
Recommend: 1) to advise or
counsel. 2) to tell someone that it
would be good to do something. 3) to
suggest that something should be
done.

Circulation
stimuli.
blood vessels.
quality of life.
Do Educate
Educate: to train by formal
instruction and supervised practice;
to provide with information.

Circulation
stimuli.
blood vessels.
Page | 24

REPAIR
Do Not Repair
Repair: 1) the physical or mechanical
restoration of damaged or diseased
tissues by the growth of healthy new
cells or by surgical opposition. 2) to
make something that is damaged
good again.
TREAT
TREATMENT

Circulation
stimuli.
blood vessels.
Do Not Say Treat

quality of life.
Do Say Train
Treat: to deal with a disease or a

patient in order to relieve or cure; to
care for or deal with medically or
surgically.
Train: to form by instruction or

discipline; to teach so as to make fit,
qualified or proficient; to make
prepared (as by exercise) for a skill.
Do Not Say Treatment

Treatment: management and care of
a patient and/or of the combating of
disease or disorder.
treatment.
We are training the body to

increase circulation and reduce
pain.
Do a Session or set an
Appointment
Session: a single continuous sitting,
or period of sitting, of persons so
assembled.
Appointment: A meeting set for a
specific time or place.
Page | 25
Chapter 1
Light Therapy Curriculum for

Certification through the
Board of Advanced Natural Health
Sciences (BANHS)
PURPOSE:
The purpose of this curriculum is to prepare the student as a Certified Light Therapist
through the Board of Advanced Natural Health Sciences (BANHS) and for optimal use
of the light therapy system in supporting the natural intelligence of the body.
INTENDED RESULTS:
Whether the student of the Light Therapy Certification program is taking the curriculum
for personal knowledge or professional certification, this course is intended to prepare
the student for use of their light therapy system.
BACKGROUND:
In the curriculum, we seek to understand light in its many forms and expressions. We
are affected by the lack of light on many levels. To this end, we will learn about the
science of light, the history of light therapy and its current day applications. We will also
learn about some of the research that has been done in the field of light therapy and
examine what physiological processes are enhanced or supported by light.
Since this is not a medical curriculum, we are not approaching this curriculum from the
perspective of disease care. Disease care is not our focus. Human beings are our
focus. The question as to whether the human being has a condition, which can be
supported by light or light therapy, is almost irrelevant. All living things require light.
This is a well-established fundamental principle of science and of life. We work with
humans and animals that have conditions. We work with humans who have illnesses
and diseases. However, we are not working on their disease. We are placing light
pads on a body and the body is responding as it will.
If you are a practitioner of the healing arts and you are using light therapy, it is important
to remember this fact. It is completely accurate that you may be working with people
who have diseases but you are not working on the disease itself. The body may be
working on the disease. We are not in the business of disease care. Be very clear
Page | 26
about this. Be cautious not to cross this important line in your speaking and the
representation of what your light therapy system can or cannot support.
There are many things in the holistic field, coupled with diagnosis and or claims which
could be considered practicing medicine without a license. Therefore, it is important to
establish upfront, for this curriculum the context in which this work and this curriculum in
light therapy will deliver. As an overview, we will emphasize the importance of the
understanding that when the body heals, it heals because it has been given the proper
information to heal itself.
The body is the most brilliant computer

that was ever designed. There will never
be a computer smarter than the human
body. Given the proper encouragement
and the proper information, the body
heals itself.
Hanna Kroeger, ND
Page | 27
Chapter 2
What is Light?
In physics, the term LIGHT usually

refers to a form of energy quantified and
categorized as electromagnetic radiation
of any wavelength, whether visible or
not. Even though it has a wavelength
and can be considered a wave, it also
demonstrates properties of a particle.
Light is also referred to as photons,
which is a term that was later given due
to it exhibiting indisputable particle
properties. Light demonstrates a waveparticle duality and this idealism
continues to be challenged in research
even today.
second.
As it traverses through a
substance it actually slows down the
light, and can exhibit other specific
properties, such as refraction or
bending. Other well known properties of
light also include reflection, diffraction,
dispersion and polarization. Light has
direction and magnitude, the latter
usually being expressed as energy
density in many different scales or
formats.
SPEED AND PROPERTIES OF

LIGHT
Light is comprised of two components.

It has an electrical field variation and a
magnetic field variation of the same
amplitude (wave height) which oscillate
90 degrees from each other around an
axis in a sinusoidal wave structure. As it
propagates from one location to another
it also spins around this central axis.
Light travels in a linear fashion from

point to point in a vacuum unless it is
acted upon by external forces. It has a
defined speed in a vacuum of
299,792,458 meters per second or
approximately 186,282 miles per
COMPOSITION AND
TERMINOLOGY OF LIGHT
MODEL OF LIGHT
It can be measured in relativity to
time which is expressed as
frequency
(how
many
full
wavelengths or cycles passing by a
Page | 29
WHY THE DIFFERENT COLORS
(WAVELENGTHS) IN LIGHT THERAPY?

Different colors are used in light therapy
due
to
light
absorption/emission
characteristics of the elements that
make up the human body. The human
body is primarily comprised from a
branch of chemistry known as organic
chemistry
(carbon
based)
which
involves specific elements from the
periodic table with many trace elements
(minerals) being utilized in the system
as well. Light seems to demonstrate a
strong relationship with the proteins of
the body and these proteins can be
specifically
activated
by
certain
wavelengths (colors) due to their
absorption characteristics. When the
body is exposed to certain wavelengths
we can shift the electron potential in the
targeted tissue and a beneficial
biological response may be exhibited by
the tissue. The diverse tissue and cell
types in the body all have their own
unique light absorption characteristics;
that is, they will absorb light at specific

wavelengths and not at others. For
example, skin layers, because of their
high blood and water content, absorb
red light very readily, while calcium and
phosphorus absorb light of a different
wavelength in the infrared spectrum.
Although both red and infrared
wavelengths penetrate to different
depths and affect tissues differently, the
therapeutic effects can be quite similar.
Near Infrared (750 nm - 1400 nm) due
to its longer wavelength can penetrate
deep into the body based on power
level, right down to bones and even
make them vibrate creating space and
subsequently, pass through them. This
makes it ideal for working on issues
concerning the internal organs, glands,
musculoskeletal issues where bone,
cartilage, joints, ligament and deep
muscle tissue are involved.
Activates C Cytochrome Oxidase which opens up the mitochondrial membrane

and accelerates nutrient exchange and increases the production of ATP
(Adenosine TriPhosphate) which is the energy currency within the body
responsible for 85-90% of all cellular metabolisms.
Visible Red light at wavelengths from 630 to 700 nm penetrates tissue to a depth of
approx. 10 mm. Light at this wavelength can be very beneficial when dealing with soft
tissue such as muscle, fascia, skin and other local tissues incurring problems on the
surface or slightly deeper into the body. Issues in this area such as wounds, cuts,
Page | 35
Chapter 3
Why is Light
Important to
Living
Organisms?
Light is the primary essence which
governs and allows for all life on this
planet. If we received no light from the
sun, the earths temperature would
substantially drop in a very short period
of time and all life on this
planet would quickly become
extinct. The light from the
sun supports all life forms by
heating the planet and
making it habitable, but also
empowers nature to support
all of its life forms.
Light acts on plants which
activates
photosynthesis;
energy production for the
plant to grow and thrive. If
light is not present, this
cannot occur. During this
process, carbon dioxide is
utilized in the presence of
light and the plant makes
energy for itself and creates a waste
product called oxygen which is what is
required for us to survive as a species
and perform respiration. We can also
eat the plants to get their stored energy
in the form of glucose which then can be
broken down into ATP for us to be able
to use at the cellular level to give us
energy and the ability for the cells to

rebuild us at that level.
Light of specific wavelengths works
synergistically with the human organism
in many ways.
It supports many
chemical conversions and can stimulate
chemical reactions in the body to
maintain health.
Light governs
everything in the body in some way or
another.
Visible light exists to us due to the
human beings ability to receive it. The
cells which comprise the retina contain
specific molecules which undergo a
chemical reaction when activated by
specific wavelengths that collide with
them (visible spectrum). The retinal
cells
become
stimulated and create
a
neurological
response which our
brain can interpret
from
this
sensory
input. The information
that is received and
interpreted is what we
are able to see. If
the energy is too high
or too low or incorrect
wavelength it is not
capable of initiating
this response and
therefore we will not
experience it or see
anything. Think of the
cells in our eyes as very special
antennae with the ability to pick up a
very select group of radio signals for our
sense of sight. Our sense of sight is
one of the greatest gifts that light affords
us.
Blue and Red light can directly affect our
gland functioning, specifically the
Page | 41
cycle
regardless
of
whatever
frequency is used which means they
can deliver just as much energy as a
much higher powered laser and get
the same depth of penetration by using
different wavelengths in a cluster for a
third of the price.
FREQUENCY AND
DUTY CYCLE
CONTINUOUS VS. PULSED APPLICATIONS TO TISSUE

In most research it was discovered that if pulsed light was used, the tissue would exhibit
a faster rate of healing. On the other hand, if they gave a continuous beam, it would
sedate the cell and usually absolve pain. When a single frequency pulsed light hits the
cell, it actually stimulates the cell to start producing more proteins than it normally does,
and as a result, the cell would heal at a faster rate. Even after the light was removed,
the cell continued its healing at a higher level of functioning. The continuous beam had
a reverse effect. It actually caused the cell membrane to relax, reduced pain and
inflammation and made muscle tissue relax. This leads us to the research based
conclusion that lower frequencies create a stimulatory effect, whereas higher
frequencies create more of a sedation effect.
FREQUENCY MEDICINE
For the most part, frequency medicine has been slowly embraced by the scientific
community. In most cases concerning devices, governing bodies have been resistant to
embrace the effectiveness of frequencies delivered to tissues as beneficial. They
usually only regard frequencies as levels of power delivery as explained in the above
frequency and duty cycle example. Much research is being done to date, and more
evidence is being produced everyday to bring this technology to the forefront. There
have been many pioneers in the field of frequency medicine, some of notable mention,
such as:
Royal Raymond Rife-an inventor and scientist which claimed to use specific frequencies
to eradicate pathogens. He had invented a microscope which allowed him to see down
to the viral level to confirm that the frequencies indeed worked. He only used a few
Page | 72
NOGIERS FREQUENCIES
SETTING 7
SETTING: 7
FREQUENCY: 4698 HZ
LETTER: E
ANATOMICAL FUNCTIONS
Pain and Nerve Conduction & Spinal Cord Diseases
Analgesic
Pain (Diffuse & Widespread)
Nerves
Neuralgia
Neuritides (Neuropathy)
Spinal cord disorder
Skin disorders
peripheral nervous system
For pain control, primarily when C nerve fibers are transmitting to dorsal root
ganglia and when involvement of neurotransmitters is of physiological
importance.
Field experience shows 7 to help suppress pain and to sedate acupuncture
and trigger points.
Aids in diminishing excess calcification associated with chips, spurs and
arthritic conditions.
The "E" frequency is that of the spinal cord and central nervous system,
which perceives and communicates between functional units situated at
different levels.
General Rule: When stimulation is required, use lower frequencies. When sedation is
required, use higher frequencies.
Page | 87
A SETTING
Steps through Settings 1-7 in 3-minute intervals automatically, internally and
sequentially from lowest to highest for a total of 21 minutes.
Consists of Dr. Paul Nogiers frequencies.
A is the most frequently used setting for working the whole body.
Nicknamed the AM setting, as most prefer to use it in the morning.

73Hz147Hz294Hz587Hz1174Hz2349Hz4698Hz
B SETTING
B Setting steps through 10 different frequencies in 2 minute intervals automatically,
internally and sequentially from lowest to highest for a total of 20 minutes.
B is an excellent choice for stress reduction and relaxation which supports the
natural healing phase of the body.
Consists of the Solfeggio musical notes (6 originals and 4 others which later evolved).
Nicknamed the Bedtime setting, as most prefer to use it for sleep or meditation.
63Hz174Hz285Hz396Hz417Hz528Hz639Hz741Hz852Hz963Hz
Page | 100
Chapter 9
What is Endothelium?
The endothelium is a thin
layer of epithelial cells
lining the inside of the
blood vessels. It lines the
entire circulatory system,
including the heart and all
the
veins,
arteries,
and capillaries.
The
endothelium
lining
the
heart is also called the
endocardium and it is
similar to the tissue lining
the blood vessels.
The endothelium forms a
barrier between the blood
and the other structures of
the circulatory system,
allowing the blood to flow
more
smoothly
and
therefore to circulate more
quickly throughout the
body.
The endothelium is simple squamous epithelium, meaning that it consists of a single
layer of flat, or squamous, epithelial cells, making it the thinnest possible type of
membrane. This single layer of cells may also be referred to as a monolayer. An
epithelium in general is any type of tissue that serves to line the surface or cavity of any
structure in the body. Epithelium is one of the four primary tissue types in the human
body, the others being connective tissue, nervous tissue, and muscle tissue.
The endothelium is involved in a number of important functions. It helps control blood
pressure through vasodilation and vasoconstriction, the widening and constricting of the
blood vessels respectively. It also aids in blood clotting, minimizing damage and blood
loss in the case of wounds.
Page | 119
Chapter 10
Some Consequences of the Lack of Light

Whether it be the wide
spectrum of sunlight or the
narrow band of blue or other
colors of light, light or the
absence of light has many
profound effects on our health
and wellbeing.
In the following, we discuss
some consequences from the
lack of light. We also discuss
the importance of certain
wavelengths of light. Toward
the end of this topic, we discuss
a relatively-newly discovered
forth receptor in the eye a
receptor uniquely tuned to blue
light and the crucial role it
plays in our lives.
Seasonal
Affective
Disorder (SAD)
Experts have been researching
Seasonal Affective Disorder
(SAD)
since
around
the
beginning of the 1980s. SAD is
a form of depression which is
generally accepted to be
triggered by a lack of sunlight.
People suffering from SAD tend
to suffer worse during winter
months when periods of
sunlight are shorter.
The
effects of SAD vary from person
to person.
Although some people with SAD may

experience mild symptoms, others may find
themselves unable to function.
Symptoms of
SAD include
loss
of
energy,
fatigue,
overeating,
oversleeping,
anxiety,
moodswings, decreased sex-drive and lack of
concentration. Sufferers may be more prone
to illness or infections, possibly due to a
weakened immune system, as we shall see
later.
Treatment for SAD often includes the use of
light boxes, antidepressants and various
forms of therapy. In the majority of cases,
SAD symptoms start to disappear with
increasing amounts of sunlight starting in
Spring.
The amount of sunlight one receives affects
some of the hormones and brain chemicals in
the body. However, the effect that sunlight
has on the brain is not fully understood. One
theory suggests that light stimulates a part of
the brain called the hypothalamus, which
controls your mood, sleep and appetite, and
for people with SAD, the lack of sunlight and
a problem with certain chemicals in the
brain prevents the hypothalamus from
working properly.
The lack of light is also thought to affect the
production of the hormone melatonin which
affects the production of the hormone
serotonin and disturbs ones circadian
Page | 121
systems white blood cells occurred

when the men were deprived of sleep.
The cellular response to sleep
deprivation directly mirrored the bodys
stress response, according to a
member of the research team and the
studys lead author. It was found that
the white blood cell counts jumped
significantly after sleep deprivation. The
jump in white cell count from sleep
deprivation mimicked the physical
response which the body undergoes
during stress when the white cell count
surges in a fight or flight response.
A significant body of research is now
showing that immune function is closely
linked to the bodys circadian cycle, and
sleep deprivation causes that cycle to
weaken and to be disrupted which then
causes the immune system to suffer.
Even just a few nights of disrupted sleep
can have a significant impact on
immune function. We continue to hear
a lot about how important it is to
manage stress in order to live a healthy
life. Turns out, it is every bit as important
to manage sleep. Michael J. Breus,
PhD (The Sleep Doctor)
Additionally, lack of sleep and stress
increases cortisol production which can
lead to weight gain and heart problems.
Research is showing a connection
between stress, cortisol production, and
lack of sleep. The resulting negative
effects on our skin include accelerating
the aging process (excess sugar
compromises collagen in our skin) and
increasing wrinkles, acne, dryness,
irritation and inflammation. Most of us
are familiar with dark circles after a late
night out, but more and more research
is showing that lack of sleep and stress
has far-reaching skin implications.
Leslie Baumann, M.D. (The Skin Guru)
BLUE LIGHT IS SPECIAL

It has been said that the lack of blue
light may be to blame for seasonal
blues. Blue light seems to primarily
affect the mind, including affecting ones
mood. The impact of blue light on mood
may be much greater than had been
thought.
A study published in the Proceedings of
the National Academy of Sciences
strongly suggests that blue light may
play a key role in the brain's ability to
process emotions. Preliminary results
suggest that spending more time under
blue-enriched light (as opposed to the
white light from bulbs) could help stave
off the blues during winter months.
Also, although researchers do not yet
fully understand what makes blue light
so special compared to red, green, or
white light, studies show that blue light
improves
alertness
and
mental
performance.
Page | 124
Chapter 11
Electronics The Basics for

Understanding L.E.D. Light
Therapy
Light emitting diodes are widely used in medical devices. Essentially, diodes are doped
to produce light at various wavelengths (colors). The wavelength of blue is around
430nm (nanometers) red around 650nm and infrared around 880nm. The reason we
say around is that, for example, 630nm appears red when viewed alone but when
viewed next to a diode emitting at 650nm it would appear more towards the orange
range. Most devices use one or more wavelengths and typically use 430, 650 and
880nm as the go to wavelengths. Most of the science available is around these
wavelengths.
An LED can be compared to a
although it is not a light
states; on and off.
operate on a 50% duty
very
short
time
thousandths,
a second. At 50% an
energy,
half
the
the life or the mean
(MTBF) which is
Overdriving an LED
result in a runaway
severe overheating and
Once an LED reaches 85C
permanently and over
This is thereby how
LED and keep it below
degradation.
light
bulb in a basic sense,

bulb per se. It has but two
Typically an LED will
cycle. LEDs operate on
intervals measured in
millionths or billionths of
LED produces half the
luminosity but doubles
time between failure
roughly 100,000 hours.
shortens the life and can
affect which can cause
potentially causing burns.
it
degrades
the
diode
time, renders it useless.
we extend the life of the
this temperature to avoid
Frequency, also referred to as pulsing, is simply turning the LED on and off rapidly. This
is different from the duty cycle. Different frequencies have different effects and produce
different results.
Page | 130
Chapter 12
The Nobel Prize in Physiology

or Medicine 1998
The Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, has awarded the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 1998 to Robert F Furchgott, Louis J
Ignarro and Ferid Murad for their discoveries concerning "nitric oxide as a signaling
molecule for the cardiovascular system".
Robert F Furchgott
born 1916
Dept. of Pharmacology,
SUNY Health Science
Center
New York
Louis J Ignarro
born 1941
Dept. of Molecular and
Medical Pharmacology
UCLA School of Medicine
Los Angeles
Ferid Murad
born 1936
Dept. of Integrative
Biology
Pharmacology and
Physiology
University of Texas
Medical School, Houston
A NEW PRINCIPLE
Nitric Oxide, NO, is a short-lived, endogenously
produced gas that acts as a signalling molecule in the
body. Signal transmission by a gas, produced by one
cell, which penetrates membranes and regulates the
function of other
cells is an entirely
new principle for
signalling in the
human organism.
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998". Nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB 2013. Web. 6
Jul 2013. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1998/index.html
Page | 133
EDRF was identical to NO. The problem

was solved and Furchgott's endothelial
factor identified.
When Furchgott and Ignarro presented
their conclusions at a conference in
July, 1986, it elicited an avalanche of

research activities in many different
laboratories around the world. This was
the first discovery that a gas can act as
a signal molecule in the organism.
Background
NITRIC OXIDE PROTECTS THE HEART, STIMULATES THE BRAIN,
KILLS BACTERIA, ETC.
It was a sensation that this simple, common air
pollutant, which is formed when nitrogen
burns, such as in automoile exhaust fumes,
could exert important functions in the
organism. It was particularly surprising since
NO is totally different from any other known
signal molecule and so unstable that it is
converted to nitrate and nitrite within 10
seconds. NO was known to be produced in
bacteria but this simple molecule was not
expected to be important in higher animals
such as mammals.
Further
research
results
rapidly
confirmed that NO is a signal molecule
of key importance for the cardiovascular
system and it was also found to exert a
series of other functions. We know
today that NO acts as a signal molecule
in the nervous system, as a weapon
against infections, as a regulator of
blood pressure and as a gatekeeper of
blood flow to different organs. NO is
present in most living creatures and
made by many different types of cells.
- When NO is produced by the
innermost cell layer of the arteries, the
endothelium, it rapidly spreads through
the cell membranes to the underlying
muscle cells. Their contraction is turned

off by NO, resulting in a dilatation of the
arteries. In this way, NO controls the
blood pressure and its distribution. It
also prevents the formation of thrombi.
- When NO is formed in nerve cells, it
spreads rapidly in all directions,
activating all cells in the vicinity. This
can modulate many functions, from
behavior to gastrointestinal motility.
- When NO is produced in white blood
cells (such as macrophages), huge
quantities are achieved and become
toxic to invading bacteria and parasites.
Page | 135
Chapter 13
What is Nitric Oxide?

DR. LOUIS IGNARRO: BENEFITS
OF NITRIC OXIDE
Nitric Oxide is the natural performance
booster that strengthens your heart, lungs,
and nerves, along with every cell in your
body. It also allows you to prolong your
exercise,
and
prolonged
exercise
increases NO levels in your body. Its a
virtuous cycle that can lead to improved
athletic performance and better health.
NO is a short-lived, gaseous molecule that
is produced in your cells. Once released into
the bloodstream, it signals the body to perform
certain functions such as vasodilation which opens up the blood vessels and capillaries
to increase blood flow and deliver oxygen and critical nutrients throughout your body at
the time it needs them most. Do you ever wonder why people suffering from chest pain
are often prescribed and instructed to take nitroglycerin? Its because the body uses
nitroglycerin to produce high levels of NO quickly by opening the coronary arteries and
increasing the flow of blood to the heart.
For the athlete seeking enhance performance, endurance and strength, as well as
faster recovery, the availability of NO in the body is critically important. As any
endurance athlete can tell you, a triathlon or other long-distance event becomes a
competition between body parts over demand for the blood supply. The skin wants the
blood circulating to dissipate heat, but the muscles are screaming for the oxygen and
nutrients that the blood carries. Meanwhile, the stomach needs blood to digest food and
make those nutrients available in the first place. Its not hard to see how ample NO, with
its ability to increase circulation, would be critical to athletic performance.
Additional research is beginning to show us, NO doesnt stop with cardiovascular
benefits. It now appears that NO is the master signalling molecule throughout the body
and that maintaining sufficient levels through exercise and nutrition not only improves
cardiovascular condition but also optimizes the function of every body system; which
leads to superior athletic results and greater wellness, quality of life, and even longevity.
When you exercise, your body goes through a remarkable process during which it
releases NO into your bloodstream. NO is a signalling molecule. Its sole function is to
Page | 140
Acupuncture Improves Nitric Oxide

Production
Dr. Louis
Ignarro
Although it is
widely used, the
mechanisms and
effects
of
acupuncture on
pain are not
completely
understood.
Recently,
increased nitric
oxide
(NO)
synthase activity has been detected where meridians and acupoints are believed to
exist. Because NO is a key regulator of local circulation, and because change in
circulation can affect the development and persistence of pain, we propose that
acupuncture might regulate NO levels. We studied the effects of acupuncture on local
NO levels and circulation in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study with 20
volunteers, each of whom underwent one session each of real and non-invasive sham
acupuncture in a single hand and forearm with a 1-wk interval between treatments. NO
concentration in the plasma from the acupunctured arm was significantly increased by
2.8 +/- 1.5 micromol/L at 5 min and 2.5 +/- 1.4 micromol/L at 60 min after acupuncture.
Blood flow in palmar subcutaneous tissue of the acupunctured arm also increased, and
this correlated with the NO increase. These changes were not observed in non-invasive
sham-acupunctured hands and forearms. In conclusion, acupuncture increases the
NO level in treated regions and thereby increases local circulation. These
regulatory effects might contribute to pain relief provided by acupuncture.
Source: Anesth Analg. 2007 Feb;104(2):301-7.
Page | 143
Nitric Oxide in the Body

Dr. Louis Ignarro
NO IN THE BODY
The human body has four essential bodily processes: vascular tone, coagulation,
inflammation, and oxidation. Each of these four processes can play a positive and a
negative role in the body. It all depends on how they are applied. Nitric Oxide therapy
can make a life-saving difference to an individuals health by enhancing the positive and
eradicating the negative in each of them.
Page | 147
LAUGHTER AND MUSIC MAY

LOWER BLOOD PRESSURE
THROUGH
NITRIC
OXIDE
New
research
announced Friday at
an American Heart
Association
conference shows that
simply laughing and
listening to music once
a
week
has
a
significant change on
blood pressure. The
effects
on
blood
pressure
were
measurable even 3
months later.
"The participants cortisol

level, a stress marker, decreased just after the intervention
sessions," said lead author Eri Eguchi, a researcher at
Osaka University's Graduate School of Medicine in Japan.
"We think this is one of the explanations for the
physiological processes."
Experts are not certain about the mechanism of action;
however an increase in Nitric Oxide production is probably
the cause. Michael Miller, M.D., director of preventive
cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center
believes that NO released in response to laughter or music
might be the "magic compound" that dilates blood vessels
and lowers blood pressure.
Ignarro, Louis, Dr. "Wellness Database: Nitric Oxide." Health Is Wealth. Health Is Wealth,
n.d. Web. 06 July 2013.
Page | 157
Chapter 14
How Does L.E.D. Light

Therapy Support the Body in
the Release of Nitric Oxide?
- Both red light, blue light and near infrared light cause increases in Nitric Oxide (NO).
NO is released from hemoglobin and myoglobin.
(J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2009 Aug;47(2):256-63. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2009.03.009. Epub 2009 Mar
25. Enhancement of nitric oxide release from nitrosyl hemoglobin and nitrosyl myoglobin by red/near
infrared radiation: potential role in cardioprotection).
- Blue laser light increases perfusion of a skin flap via release of nitric oxide from
hemoglobin
(Mol Med. 2007
Jan-Feb;13(1-2):22-9.)
Light penetrates
through the skin and
strikes RBCs and
Endothelial tissue, creating molecular dissociation of NO from the Hemoglobin and
Myoglobin.
Page | 164
NITRIC OXIDE AND ITS ROLE IN HEALTH

AND DIABETES
Thomas Burke Ph.D.
Dr. Tom Burke received his PhD in Physiology from University

of Houston, Post Doctoral Training at Duke Medical School. He
was an Associate Professor of Medicine and Physiology at the
University of Colorado Medical School. He has authored more
than 70 published scientific clinical articles and has been a
visiting scientist at the Mayo Clinic, Yale University, University
of Alabama, and University of Florida. He is a recognized
international lecturer on cell injury and nephrology.
SUMMARY OVERVIEW
NITRIC OXIDE
Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical gas
that is a powerful regulator of circulation
(it is an endogenous vasodilator) and a
neurotransmitter (it helps in the
processing of nerve signals as they
cross synapses). L-Arginine, one of 20
amino acids that make up proteins, is
the only amino acid that generates
significant amounts of NO. The
enzymes that produce NO from LArginine Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) is
the enzyme that generates NO from LArginine. This enzyme exists in three
different forms (called isoforms), NOS 1,
NOS 2 and NOS 3. Each isoform
synthesizes NO but does so under
different conditions. Often all three
isoforms will be found in the same cell
but occasionally one cell will contain
only one of the isoforms. This is
important because many see or hear the
term nitric oxide and assume that it
refers to all cells under all conditions.

Each of the three isoforms is described
below.
1. NOS1 is the neural (or brain) isoform,
sometimes referred to as bNOS. It helps
in synaptic transmission, the processing
of nervous information from nerve to
nerve across gaps between the nerves
called synapses and from peripheral
nerves to the brain.
2. NOS2 is called inducible or iNOS.
This enzyme generates extraordinarily
high concentrations of NO, in part to kill
bacteria. NOS2 (iNOS) takes several
hours to be mobilized and the response
is due to an injury or infectious process.
NOS2 produced by macrophages is
responsible, in part, for their effects to
repair injury and to ward off infections.
Extraordinarily high concentrations of
NO (100 to 1000 times normal) are
produced very locally by this isoform.
Unlike NOS1, which is part of normal
neurotransmission, there must be
something very abnormal (a wound,
Page | 165
tissue damage, hypoxia, bacterial

infection, etc.) to induce this enzyme.
events that are triggered by NO is

described below:
3. The third isoform is ecNOS (or NOS3)

which stands for endothelial cell NOS.
This isoform is active at all times (it
doesnt need to be induced as does
iNOS) and is found in endothelial cells
which are the cells that line the inner
surface of all blood vessels and lymph
ducts. EcNOS is activated by the
pulsatile flow of blood through vessels
(the stretching and relaxation of the
blood vessel wall in response to each
beat of the heart). This leads to a shear
stress on the membrane of the
endothelial cells as the column of blood
in the vessel moves forward and then
stops. This NO, produced by ecNOS,
maintains the diameter of blood vessel
so that perfusion of tissues (skin,
muscle, nerves, and bone) is maintained
at optimal levels. In addition, ecNOS
mediated NO causes angiogenesis,
which is the growth of new blood
vessels. This is especially important in
healing an ulcer or wound on the skin.
Step 1. NO gas released from

nitrosothiols in hemoglobin or from
endothelial cells diffuses into smooth
muscle cells that line small blood
vessels.
NITRIC OXIDE (NO) INITIATES

AND MAINTAINS
VASODILATION
NO initiates and maintains vasodilation
through a cascade of biological events
that culminate in the relaxation of
smooth muscle cells that line arteries,
veins, lymphatics. While somewhat
complex, the sequence of biological
Step 2.Once inside the smooth muscle

cell, NO binds to an enzyme, called
guanylate cyclase (GC) and this binding
results in GC activation.
Step 3. Activated GC is able to cleave
two phosphate groups from another
compound
called
guanosine
triphosphate (GTP). This results in the
formation
of
cyclic
guanosine
monophosphate (cGMP) that is used to
phosphorylate (Phosphorylation is the
addition of a phosphate group) proteins,
including the smooth muscle contractile
protein called myosin.
Step 4. Once phosphorylated, smooth
muscle cell myosin relaxes, resulting in
dilation of the vessel that was originally
exposed to NO. This vasodilation
continues until a phosphatase enzyme
dissociates the phosphate from myosin
(which may be delayed by Viagra).
Since vasodilation through NO only
occurs when there is GC able to bind
NO, additional NO, is sequestered for
future use as a nitrosothiol, including
those found in hemoglobin.
NITRIC OXIDE (NO) INFLUENCES NEUROTRANSMISSION AND

MEDIATES PAIN
NO has both a direct and indirect influence on neurotransmission. NO, by affecting
cGMP, allows phosphorylation of ion channels, especially potassium channels
necessary for normal transmission of nerve signals. NO also increases blood flow. This
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allows sufficient oxygen and

glucose to be transported to
nerve cells, positively affecting
ATP production and, in turn,
potassium/sodium homeostasis
essential for neurotransmission.
Increases in blood flow may also
allow the oxygen dependent
isoform, bNOS, to produce more
NO. In addition to improving
neurotransmission, NO functions
to reduce pain. NO reduces pain
directly by increasing cGMP (the
mechanism by which opioids
work),
and
indirectly
by
increasing circulation to restore
normal membrane potential and
reduce pressure on nerves due
to localized edema.
NITRIC OXIDE (NO) IS IMPORTANT IN THE PROCESS OF WOUND

HEALING AND TISSUE REPAIR
Nitric
Oxide
(NO)
and
its
interrelationship with essential growth
factors is critically involved in the entire
continuum of events associated with
wound repair. NO is a powerful
stimulator of cell division (proliferation)
and maturation, particularly formation of
appropriate
cell
receptors
(differentiation). NO is a necessary
mediator of neovascularization, i.e., the
formation of new and eventually mature
blood vessels (angiogenesis) and lymph

ducts to nourish the healing tissues. NO
increases the number of fibroblasts
(fibroblastic proliferation) and thereby
enhances collagen formation for the
healing wound. Lastly, L-Arginine and
NO are necessary for the proper crosslinking of collagen fibers to one another,
via proline, to minimize scarring and
maximize the tensile strength of healed
tissue.
NITRIC OXIDE (NO) IS OFTEN IMPAIRED IN PEOPLE WITH DIABETES

Both Type I and Type II diabetic patients
have a reduced ability to generate NO
from L-Arginine, reflected in part by
direct measurements of plasma nitrate
and nitrite levels. Several factors
influence nitric oxide production and
metabolism. As part of normal
metabolism of L-Arginine small amounts
of a natural inhibitor of NOS are formed
(asymmetrical
dimethyl
arginine
(ADMA). Normally, ADMA does not
accumulate in the blood because it is
rapidly eliminated in the urine through
normal kidney function. Reduced kidney
function as part of aging (more than
20% of all Americans over 65 have Type
2 diabetes) or due to kidney dysfunction,
which is accelerated by diabetes, may
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Part 4
HOW NITRIC OXIDE (NO) CAUSES
VASODILATION
NO initiates and maintains vasodilation through a cascade of biological events that

culminate in the relaxation of smooth muscle cells that line arteries, veins, lymphatics.
While somewhat complex, the sequence of biological events that are triggered by NO is
described below:
Step 1. NO gas released from nitrosothiols in hemoglobin or from endothelial cells,
diffuses into smooth muscle cells that line small blood vessels.
Step 2.Once inside the smooth muscle cell, NO binds to an enzyme, called guanylate
cyclase (GC) and this binding results in GC activation.
Step 3. Activated GC is able to cleave two phosphate groups from another compound
called guanosine triphosphate (GTP). This results in
the formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate
(cGMP) that is used to phosphorylate (Phosphorylation
is the addition of a phosphate group) proteins, including
the smooth muscle contractile protein called myosin.
Step 4. Once phosphorylated, smooth muscle cell
myosin relaxes, resulting in dilation of the vessel that
was originally exposed to NO.
As one can imagine, only a limited number of GC
enzymes are present in any one smooth muscle cell
and once all the GC enzymes have been activated,
additional NO will not initiate any further vasodilation.
Any extra NO is simply sequestered as a nitrosothiols
bound to hemoglobin in RBC for future use.
Eventually the phosphate groups bound to myosin in
smooth muscle cells must be removed to return the
blood vessels to their normal diameter. This removal, or dephosphorylation, is
accomplished by another enzyme, a phosphatase. If the phosphatase enzyme is
inhibited, then NO/GC/cGMP mediated vasodilation will be sustained for a longer period
of time. This, in fact, is the basis of the erectile dysfunction drug Viagra; which
inactivates the phosphatase.
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Part 5
NITRIC OXIDE (NO) AND
NEUROTRANSMISSION
Diabetic patients are particularly at risk for damage to sensory and motor nerves in the
feet or to dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system that innervates internal organs,
for example, the intestine. The clinical diagnosis of the latter condition is gastroparesis.
NO is an important signalling molecule conveying information from one nerve to
another, including non-cholinergic, non-adrenergic (NCNA) nerves. NCNA nerves
control smooth muscle cells, which regulate gastric emptying and intestinal motility.
Reduced availability of NO in diabetic patients may be one cause of gastroparesis.
Nerves communicate with one another
across
synapses
and
several
biochemical compounds diffuse from
one nerve to the second nerve. NO is
one
of
these
biochemical
neurotransmitter molecules and is
produced by both brain tissue and
peripheral nerves.
NO has both a direct and indirect effect
on neurotransmission. The direct effect
relates to permeability of nerve
membranes regulating ion transport that
is
important
for
nerve
signal
transmission. Indirectly, NO enables
nerves to properly function by causing
increases in blood flow (vasodilation)
allowing essential oxygen and nutrients
to be transported to nerve cells.
Direct: Dispersal of ions across the nerve cell membrane is dependent, in part, on
transporter proteins that act as channels for ion transport. These channels regulate the
permeability of the cell membrane. As was the case for the smooth muscle cell protein
myosin, the contractile protein described in part 4, phosphorylation of these channels is
essential in controlling ion permeability of the membrane of the nerve. Physiologic
changes in ion permeability determine the transmission of impulse along the nerve. In
nerve cells, NO generates cGMP (as described in Part 4), which results in
phosphorylation of a nerve cell ion channel that is permeable to potassium ions. Thus,
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Part 7
NITRIC
OXIDE (NO)
AND RELIEF
OF PAIN
NO offers pain relief in a

number of ways. In fact, NO
is the mediator of the
analgesic effect of opioids
such as morphine. In this
article we describe how NO
affects pain responses and,
in particular, certain pain
responses in people with
diabetes.
Nerves can only function if they are structurally intact. Nerves must have a normal
membrane potential maintained by ion (potassium and sodium) pumps that derive
energy from the synthesis of ATP. However, compromised circulation, which is often the
case in people with diabetes, causes nerves to malfunction, due in part to the absence
of normal amounts of oxygen and nutrients (such as glucose), which together
synthesize ATP. Lack of adequate oxygen and nutrients, and the lower synthesis of
ATP, adversely affects normal membrane potential. Under normal conditions, nerves
operate at -70 mV (millivolts) and fire (signalling pain) at -20 mV. Due to la ack oxygen
and nutrients, the membrane potential more closely approximates -20 mV and in those
circumstances it takes little stimuli to reach the firing threshold. Poor circulation to the
nerves prevents them from sending the appropriate signals (for pressure and
temperature) to the brain and often the poor circulation is first perceived as pain. NO
mediated vasodilation will increase delivery of oxygen and nutrients to poorly perfused
nerves to re-establish their normal membrane potential. Patients with diabetes are often
given strong painkillers in an attempt to modulate the pain. These drugs do nothing to
restore normal nerve function.
Reduced perfusion as a result of acute injury or chronic circulatory disorders causes
swelling or edema, and this added fluid accumulation exerts pressure on the nerves,
which can cause pain. Swelling also compresses capillaries that provide oxygen to the
nerves (and other tissues as well). Consider the pain that occurs when, as a child, you
put a rubber band around your finger. The finger turned blue, it swelled, and it
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Part 9
HOW LIGHT (PHOTO ENERGY) MAY
INCREASE LOCAL NITRIC OXIDE (NO)
AND VASODILATION
Light mediated vasodilation was first described by R F Furchgott, in his nitric oxide
research that lead to his receipt of a Nobel Prize in 1998. Later studies conducted by
other
researchers
confirm and extend
Furchgotts early work and demonstrate the
ability of light or photo energy to influence the
localized production or release of NO and
stimulate vasodilation through NOs effect on
cGMP (as discussed in detail in Part 4). This
finding suggests that properly designed
illumination
devices
may
be
effective,
noninvasive therapeutic agents for patients who
would benefit from increased localized NO
availability.
At first blush, some might question that
something as simple as light can have such a
profound biological effect. However, the
biological importance of light has been recognized for quite some time. Various
wavelengths of light are absorbed by chemical compounds, which then lead to biologic
responses. Sunlight absorbed by chloroplasts in plant cells permits formation of starch.
Sunlight absorbed by human skin generates vitamin D. Blue light applied to the back of
the knee will alter human circadian rhythm. Some wavelengths of light, including near
infrared and ultraviolet (UV) light cannot be seen with the human eye, and yet UV
causes biologic effects, especially in the skin. Near infrared photo energy also exerts
biologic effects.
All light, visible or invisible, consists of photons. The size or mass of the photons is
dependent on the specific wavelength of the light. Considerable research has been
conducted about light (photo energy). This research shows that the target tissues must
first absorb light in order to have a biological effect. Additionally, absorption is best
achieved when the light is 1) directed perpendicular to the skin, and 2) placed in direct
contact with the skin. Moreover, photo energy emitted from a source that produces a
homogenous wavelength is often more effective therapeutically than light composed of
several wavelengths (for example white light).
Page | 186
HOW ONES LIFE CAN BE HIJACKED BY

CHRONIC PAIN
As you can see, pain is a very

complicated subject. Never before in
the history of humanity has there been
so much chronic pain, and never before
have we become such a society and
world addicted to pain medication.
Whether we have become addicted
because of physical pain or emotional
pain, the life of addiction is no longer
your own. Instead the addiction and the
pain own you.
Chronic pain can define your life, how
you spend your money, what you do
during waking and sleeping hours to
manage the pain, how much treatment

is necessary, time management to be in
treatment, the constant revolving door of
doctor appointments, the lack of
nutrition in the body, the lack of exercise
in the body, the lack of laughter in the
soul, all of which lead to a decreased
quality of life, a decrease in your own
vibrational resonance. In addition to the
pain, it is very possible that you are
dealing with depression, loss of mobility,
loss of income, loss of relationships,
loss of status, loss of community and a
loss of body image. When people suffer
chronic depression, they become
apathetic, they settle for a less than
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PSYCHOLOGICAL PAIN
Psychological pain is an unpleasant feeling (a suffering) of a psychological, nonphysical, origin. A pioneer in the field of suicidology, Edwin S. Shneidman, described it
as "how much
you hurt as a
human being. It is
mental suffering;
mental torment."
There
is
no
shortage in the
many
ways
psychological
pain is referred
to, and using a
different
word
usually
reflects
an emphasis on a
particular aspect
of mind life. It
may be called
mental
pain, emotional
pain, psychic
pain, social
pain, spiritual or
soul
pain, or
suffering. It is sometimes also called psychalgia. While these clearly are not equivalent
terms, one systematic comparison of theories and models of psychological pain,
psychic pain, emotional pain, and suffering concluded that each describe the same
profoundly unpleasant feeling. Psychological pain is believed to be an inescapable
aspect of human existence.
Other descriptions of psychological pain are "a wide range of subjective experiences
characterized as an awareness of negative changes in the self and in its functions
accompanied by negative feelings", "a diffuse subjective experience ... differentiated
from physical pain which is often localized and associated with noxious physical
stimuli", and "a lasting, unsustainable, and unpleasant feeling resulting from negative
appraisal of an inability or deficiency of the self."
ETIOLOGY
The adjective psychological is thought to encompass the functions of beliefs, thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors, which may be seen as an indication for the many sources of
Page | 232
THORACIC
SPINE
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
PROBABLE CAUSE
Fear of life. Too much to cope with. Cant
handle it. Closing off from life.
Fear, pain, and hurt. Unwillingness to feel.
Shutting the heart off.
Inner chaos. Deep, old hurts. Inability to

communicate.
Bitterness. A need to make others wrong.
Condemnation.
Refusing to process the emotions. Feeling
stuck, rage.
Anger at life. Stuffed negative emotions.
Fear of the future. Constant worry.
T7
Storing pain. Refusal to enjoy/
T8
Obsession with failure. Resisting your

good.
T9
Feeling let down by life. Blaming others. A

victim.
T10
Refusal to take charge. Needing to be a

victim. Its your fault.
T11
Low self-image. Fear of relationships.
T12
Disowning the right to live. Insecure and

fearful of love. Inability to digest.
NEW THOUGHT
PATTERN
I accept life and I take it in
easily. All good is mine now.
My heart forgives and
releases. It is safe to love
myself. Inner peace is my
goal.
I forgive everyone. I forgive
myself. I nourish myself.
I give myself the gift of
forgiveness and we are both
free.
I let life flow through me. I
am willing to live. All is well.
I trust life to unfold before me
in a positive ways. It is safe
to love myself.
I willingly let go. I allow
sweetness to fill my life.
I am open and receptive to all
good. The Universe loves
me and supports me.
I claim my own power. I
lovingly create my own
reality.
I open myself to joy and love,
which I give freely and
receive freely.
I see myself as beautiful and
loveable and appreciated. I
am proud to be me.
I choose to circulate the joys
of my life. I am willing to
nourish myself.
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Learn Tension-Taming Techniques: Certain techniques can activate your

bodys relaxation response, putting your body in a calm state. These
techniques, including meditation, yoga, deep breathing exercises, journaling
and positive imagery, can be learned easily and practiced when youre under
stress, helping you feel better relatively quickly.
TENSION-TAMING
TECHNIQUES
Prevent Excess
Stress: Some acute stress is
unavoidable, but much of the
episodic
acute
stress
and chronic stress--the stress
that damages our health--that
we experience can be avoided
or minimized with the use of
organization techniques, time
management,
relationship
skills and
other healthy
lifestyle choices.
BREATHING FOR
STRESS RELIEF
Breathing exercises are an
ideal way to relieve stress in
that theyre fast, simple, free,
and can be performed by just
about anyone. They can also
be done anywhere and at
virtually any time. These
factors make stress relief
breathing exercises one of the
most
popular
and
convenient tension
tamers.
Heres how basic controlled
breathing works:
HERE'S HOW:
1. Sit or stand in a relaxed
position.
2. Slowly inhale through
your nose, counting to five in
your head.
3. Let the air out from your
mouth, counting to eight in
your head as it leaves your
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lungs. Repeat several times. Thats it!
MEDITATION FOR STRESS RELIEF

Meditation has many health benefits and is a wonderful way to relieve stress and
maintain a healthier lifestyle. There are many different ways to meditate, and this is one
of the most basic. With practice, you can use this technique to feel inner peace
whenever you need it. Heres how:
HERE'S HOW:
1. Get into a comfortable position. Many people like to sit in a comfortable chair, or
cross-legged on the ground. You want to be able to completely relax while still
staying awake.
2. Close your eyes.
3. Clear your head. (This is the part that takes practice.) The idea is to stay
unattached to thoughts of any kind. That means that, if that inner narrative voice in
your mind speaks up, gently shush it and opt for internal silence.
4. Thats it. Keep letting go of any thoughts that may pop into your mind and the quiet
spaces between thoughts will become longer and more frequent. Youre on the
road of meditation!
VISUALIZATION FOR STRESS

RELIEF
There are numerous effective ways to use
visualization to relieve stress. This technique is
great for people who feel a significant amount
of general stress and would like to quickly feel
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THE HUMAN ENERGY FIELD

Everything
in
this world is
composed
of
energy
and
every person is
surrounded by
an energy field.
Everything
around us, what
we touch, see
and even what
we cant see is
made up of
particles
of
matter. All of
the matter in
our
universe
can
be
measured by vibrational frequencies.
Nothing rests, everywhere you look,
everything moves, and all things vibrate,
from the tiniest atom to the largest
galaxy and everything in-between them.
Everything in this world has its own
unique vibrational pattern, whether it is
solid, liquid, or gas.
The third dimension, where we exist,
has been referred to as lower frequency
vibrations. When things vibrate slowly,
such as our physical body or an object,
we dont hear any noise. As these
vibrations increase, the noise gets
louder and louder and we begin to
somehow hear a low-pitched sound just
as if we were listening to the ascending
notes of a piano. The interesting thing
here is that as these vibrations continue
to increase to higher frequencies, we
may not be able to hear the sound
again. The reason for this is that this
sound is capable of traveling beyond
what is referred to as our audible sound

spectrum.
An easier way to understand this
concept is to think of the visible light
spectrum. We are limited to seeing the
colors of the rainbow within this
spectrum. Well this is because each
visible color is comprised of a range of
wavelengths that appear to us as bands
of color. When we see this spectrum,
we notice the colors red, orange, yellow,
green, blue, indigo and violet. Violet
then vibrates higher into whats referred
to as ultraviolet where we no longer
have the ability to see the color with our
naked eyes.
Did you know that the human eye
actually sees only less than 10% of the
total electromagnetic spectrum? Just as
various sounds and colors have their
own vibrations, our thoughts, emotions,
and desires transmit vibrations and
waves into the universe. Our mental,
emotional and spiritual states have a
profound influence on energies around
us. We could say that our body is the
point of focus where matter and nonmatter exist simultaneously. We could
also say that we do not live exclusively
in the world of space or in the world of
time. Its as if our physical body and our
soul allows the merging of these
multiple aspects of creation in one
location.
Therefore, it is very important to pay
close attention to our thoughts,
emotions, feelings and words. These
vibrations, which we generate, not only
affect us, but also impact the people
Page | 270
Chapter 18
Light & Acupuncture

Meridians
Acupuncture Meridians Facilitate the
Bodys Absorption of Light
THE MERIDIANS
Traditional Chinese Medicine recognizes
that everything influences everything else.
This holistic approach to health recognizes
both intrinsic and extrinsic interactions.
Intrinsic interaction is how the organs and
systems function inside the body. The
extrinsic interaction is how the environment
affects the body. Practitioners of Traditional Chinese Medicine recognize the natural
forces of energy, which regulate life. They called this chi. Chi is the breath of life. It is
what creates and nourishes the human spirit to give us energy. Chi is the force of nature
that moves energy through all matter.
The Traditional Chinese Meridian Theory recognizes two types of chi or energy sources
for the body. The first energy source comes from our food, the nourishment that we take
into the body, which eventually flows through the blood stream. The second energy
source is the life force that flows through the meridians.
Meridians are energy pathways that interface the outside of the body to the inside of the
body. The meridians are the most physical level of the three energy system levels,
which consist of meridians, chakras and auras. Meridians affect both the physical body
and the energy body. The meridians are closely linked to the nervous system and the
Page | 312
Chapter 19
therapy may or may not support a

complementary approach.
Have a discussion with your client about
their objectives and establish
a plan with them to set and
achieve goals through the
use of your services and the
services of other healthcare
providers
if
appropriate.
Describe the approach that
you will take in providing
services without overstating
your
abilities
and
the
expected results.
& Compliance
The following is an overview of certain
legal issues for practitioners of light
therapy. This information is for
education purposes only and is not
intended to serve as legal advice.
COMMENCING THE
CLIENT RELATIONSHIP
As a practitioner, you will need to
establish and follow a procedure for
accepting clients to your practice. The
first meeting between practitioner and
client requires you to communicate the
scope of services that you provide. You
will want to understand why this person
may want/need your help and determine
if your services would benefit him or her.
You may want to inquire about other
healthcare approaches this person is
currently receiving to determine if light
Limit the range of services to

areas where you have
received education, training,
supervised experience, or
other study that qualifies you
to provide such services.
Your scope of practice may be clearly
defined if you hold a license or the lack
of a license may serve as a limitation for
areas to avoid.
Inform your client about which parts of
their body may be touched when placing
the pads, being sensitive to the clients
personal comfort level concerning being
touched in those areas. It is important to
understand your clients expectations so
clarification and education on the
expected results can be relayed to the
client.
You are free to choose who you admit
as a client and may determine that your
services are not in the best interests of
the client or your own. Once you accept
a client, however, you have a duty to
provide appropriate health care services
or, when you cannot, offer appropriate
referrals to insure the best possible
health care services for your client.
Page | 337
Page | 342
PAD PLACEMENT FOR NECK PAIN
If the client has a diagnosis from the doctor of arthritic pain or a muscular strain, then
place the 132 pad (or 180/264) over the back of the neck while sitting with the head
supported. Use the automatic setting mode (or Setting A) for 20 minutes.
If it is painful in the sitting up position, then place the 132 pad (or 180/264) on the back
of neck with the client leaning forward on a table comfortably supported. Run for 20
minutes on the automatic setting mode (or Setting A).
If the pain is at the side of the neck, then have the client lean head to the side. If the
pain is increased by turning towards the painful side, then wrap the 132 pad (or
180/264) on the neck with the head supported in the neutral position, lying down (if
able) or sitting. Use setting 1-3-5 settings for 10 minutes each.
If the pain is relieved by leaning to
one side, then place the 132 pad (or
180/264) around the neck and have
the client supported while leaning
head to the pain relief side. Use
settings 1-3-5 for 10 minutes each
while sitting with the head supported
in a slightly side leaning position.
Page | 393
Self-Quiz
Chapter 22: Disclaimers
This quiz is to test your knowledge of the
Light Therapy Certification Program.
1. The best description for the use of L.E.D. Light Therapy is
______________________________________________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
As a companion to your physicians treatment of your condition.

For pain management and increasing circulation only.
As a diagnostic tool to discover areas of illness in the body.
All of the above
2. Should you use light therapy on pregnant or breast-feeding

clients?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Yes. It has been shown to be safe and helpful.

No. It has been shown to be harmful.
No. No research has been done on pregnant or breast-feeding women.
It doesnt matter, either way.
3. People with epilepsy _____________________.

A. Should be treated with light therapy.
B. Should NOT be treated with light therapy.
C. May be treated with light therapy depending on the type of epilepsy they
have.
D. Should decide for themselves if they wish to be treated.
4. Clear, disposable poly-bags _____________________.

A. Should be used and discarded between every use to avoid crosscontamination between clients.
B. Are unnecessary since the light from the unit kills germs.
C. Can be washed and reused.
Page | 408
5. When using light therapy, you may be _____________________.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Working on diseases
Working with people that may have diseases
Treating common ailments
All of the above
None of the above
6. As a light therapist, a person is _____________________.

A. In the business of disease care
B. A medical or semi-medical professional
C. Not in the business of disease care and not working in the capacity of a
medical professional, unless otherwise medically licensed.
D. None of the above
7. Certification as a Light Therapist is _____________________.

A.
B.
C.
D.
Verification that you are qualified to treat specific conditions

A medical license
Not a medical license of any sort
Protection against charges of practicing medicine without a license if you say
you are treating a specific condition
8. Personal observations of benefits from using light therapy may

be described as _____________________.
A. Proof that light therapy works
B. Obvious signs that light therapy may be used to treat or cure certain
conditions
C. An indication the body may have received beneficial support
Page | 409
Chapter 23
Research Substantiating
Potential Benefits of L.E.D.
Light Therapy
LIGHT-INDUCED VASODILATION OF
CORONARY ARTERIES AND ITS POSSIBLE
CLINICAL IMPLICATION
Plass CA, Loew HG, Podesser BK,
Prusa AM
SOURCE
Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna,
Vienna, Austria.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Low-level laser therapy and light-emitting diodes (L.E.D.) are increasingly used in
phototherapy. Their therapeutic effects are at least partly mediated by light-induced
vasodilation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different light sources
on coronary arteries.
METHODS:
Porcine left coronary arteries were cut into 4-mm rings that were irradiated either by a
semiconductor nonthermal gallium-arsenide diode laser or a noncoherent athermic red
light source both with the same energy density up to 16 J/cm(2). After precontraction
with 9, 11-dideoxy-11, 9-epoxymethano-prostaglandin F(2), respective relaxation
responses were evaluated. The role of endothelium as well as intracellular pathways
was investigated.
Page | 410
A thorough Substantiation Manual

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Page | 421
Chapter 24
Forms
Page | 423

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Copyright 2013 The Quantum Academies

Ginger Bowler, Ph.D.

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Frequency and Duty Cycle ...................................................................................................... 70

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Cell Reproduction.................................................................................................................. 105

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Part 4-How Nitric Oxide (NO) Causes Vasodilation ............................................................. 174

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Pain and How it Relates to the Stress Response .................................................................. 237

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CHAPTER 19 - LEGAL AND COMPLIANCE ................................................................................... 335

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Disclaimers (Contraindications) ............................................................................................ 422

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Spinal Misalignments and the Emotional Connections ........................................................ 459

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Li gh t Th er apy Cert if icat io n Pr o ced ur es

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Light Therapy Certification Procedures