Classification of production systems

TYPES OF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS PRESENTAION BY- DEEP SHREE

2. PRODUCTION: A production process consists of activities that are required in
transforming an input set (human resources, raw materials,
energy,money,information, etc.) to valuable outputs with the help of
processors.
3. Production system: A production system converts inputs into outputs with
the help of processors
A generalized production system can be represented as:
INPUT

PROCESSOR

OUTPUT (goods/services)

4. Types of production systems:

* Classification on the basis of output
Three bases considered
1. Variety
2. Uniformity
3. Volume per output type
* Two types
a) Continuous
b) Intermittent

LOW
CONTINUOUS
FLOW
PRODUCTION

MASS
PRODUCTION

HIGH
HIGH

VARIETY
INTERMITTEN
T
BATCH
PRODUC
TION
UNIFORMITY
VPOT

HIGH

JOB ORDER

PROJECTS

- LOW
LOW

6. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONTINUOUS AND INTERMITTENT SYSTEMS

* ON THE BASIS OF MACHINERY

CONTINUOUS
1. SPECIFIC MACHINERY

INTERMITTENT
1.GENERALISED MACHINERY

2. PERMANENT MACHINE IN SETUP

2.FREQUENT CHANGES IN MACHINE

SETUP
3.LESS MACHINES REQUIRED

3. DUPLICATION OF MACHINES
* SOBRE LA BASE DE MAQUINARIA
CONTINUA
1. MAQUINARIA ESPECFICA

2. MQUINA PERMANENTE EN CONFIGURACIN

3. Duplication de MQUINAS
INTERMITENTE
1. MAQUINARIA GENERALIZADA
2. Los cambios frecuentes en CONFIGURACIN DE LA MQUINA
3. MQUINAS DE MENOS SE REQUIERE
7. ON THE BASIS OF MATERIAL HANDLING AND LABOUR USE
CONTINUOUS
1.UNSKILLED AS WELL AS SMALL
TEAM OF SPECIALISED LABOUR
FORCE

INTERMITTENT
1.HIGHLY SKILLED LABOUR
FORCE

2.MECHANIZED MATERIAL HANDLING

2.NOT FEASIBLE TO EMPLOY

MECHANIZED HANDLING
3.MATERIAL HANDLING COST IS
HIGHER

3.MATERIAL HANDLING COST IS LESS

4.INVESTMENT IN INVENTORY IS
HIGHER

4.NEED FOR INVENTORY IS

MINIMISED

SOBRE LA BASE DE MANEJO DE MATERIALES Y USO DEL TRABAJO

CONTINUO
1. no calificados, as como pequeas EQUIPO ESPECIALIZADO DE LA FUERZA
DE TRABAJO

2. MECANIZADA MANEJO DE MATERIALES

3.- COSTO MANEJO DE MATERIAL ES MENOS

4. INVERSIONES EN INVENTARIO ES MAYOR

INTERMITENTE
1. ALTAMENTE CALIFICADO FUERZA LABORAL
2. NO factible emplear manejo mecanizado
3. MANEJO DE MATERIALES costo es mayor
4. NECESIDAD DE INVENTARIO SE minimizada

8. ON THE BASIS OF OUTPUT PRODUCED

CONTINUOUS
1.FEW STANDARD PRODUCTS IN
LARGE QUANTITIES
2.OUTPUT ON THE BASIS OF
ANTICIPATION OF DEMAND

INTERMITTENT
1.WIDE RANGE OF PRODUCTS IN
SMALL QUANTITIES
2.OUTPUT ACCORDING TO ORDER
RECEIVED

SOBRE LA BASE DE SALIDA PRODUCIDO

CONTINUA
1. PRODUCTOS ESTNDAR POCOS EN GRANDES CANTIDADES
2. SALIDA EN LA BASE DE ANTICIPACIN DE LA DEMANDA
INTERMITENTE
1. AMPLIA GAMA DE PRODUCTOS EN PEQUEAS CANTIDADES
2. SALIDA SEGN ORDEN RECIBIDA

9. DIFFERENCES ON THE BASIS OF MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL EMPLOYED

CONTINUOUS
1.ABSENCE OF MAINTENANCE MAY
INTERRUPT WHOLE PROCESS
2.CONTROLLING IS SIMPLER

INTERMITTENT
1.NO DANGER OF STOPPAGE OF
WHOLE LINE
2.CONTROLLING IS COMPLEX

DIFERENCIAS EN LA BASE DE MANTENIMIENTO Y CONTROL DE EMPLEADOS

CONTINUA

1. AUSENCIA DE MANTENIMIENTO PUEDE INTERRUMPIR EL PROCESO ENTERO

2. CONTROL ES SENCILLA
INTERMITENTE
1.NO PELIGRO DE INTERRUPCIN DE LNEA ENTERA
2. CONTROL ES COMPLEJO

10. TYPES OF CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION SYSTEM

1.FLOW TYPE
* Output cannot be segregated into different units
* High degree of uniformity
*Output cannot be measured directly
*Example-power plant
10. TIPOS DE SISTEMA DE PRODUCCIN CONTINUA
TIPO 1. FLUJO
* La salida no se puede segregar en diferentes unidades
* Alto grado de uniformidad
* La salida no se puede medir directamente
* Ejemplo- Planta de energa

11. 2.MASS PRODUCTION

*Straight line flow of materials
* Output of one stge normally becomes input for another
*Output visible in form of identical units
Standardised output produced in large quantities
PROBLEMS
1. Balancing of production lines
2. Machine maintenance

3. Raw materials supply

Example sugar production
12. Types of intermittent production systems
1.BATCH PRODUCTION SYSTEM* Variety of products are made in small quantities
*Various products compete for share of machines
*Outputs are aggregated in form of batches
* Batches may comprise of similar or dissimilar outputs
* PROBLEMS
1. Machine-job allocation problem
2. Determination of economic batch quantity
3. Scheduling and sequencing of operations
*Example electrical goods
13. 2.JOB-ORDER PRODUCTION SYSTEM
* Does not has its own standard product but accepts whatever customer orders
come in
* Output identifiable in terms of specific job order
* Material flow is very complex
* PROBLEMS
1. Determination of the sequence of processing
* Example tailor shop
14. 3.PROJECT PRODUCTION SYSTEM
*Project is a temporary endeavour having a defined beginning and end
;undertaken to meet unique goals and objectives
* Project is non repetitive
* This type of production system uses resources on different projects
* Product remains fixed and manpower and facilities put work on it
* PERT/CPM can be used for planning and control in this case

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