Milling and Grain February 2015 - FULL EDITION

February 2015
YOUR GLOBAL PARTNER
In this issue:
Grain
conveyors
Moisture control in
storage
Fortification monitoring
Constructing a rice
processing facility
GEAPS product showcase
IPPE Review
History of milling in Northern
Europe
millingandgrain.com
perendale.com
Volume 126
Issue 2
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VOLUME 126
ISSUE 2
FEBRUARY 2015
Perendale Publishers Ltd
7 St Georges Terrace
St James Square,
Cheltenham, Glos, GL50 3PT
United Kingdom
Publisher
Roger Gilbert
Tel: +44 1242 267707
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Editorial
Olivia Holden
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Design Manager
James Taylor
Tel: +44 1242 267707
jamest@perendale.co.uk
Circulation & Events Manager
Tuti Tan
Tel: +44 1242 267707
tutit@perendale.co.uk
Australia Correspondent
Roy Palmer
Tel: +61 419 528733
royp@perendale.co.uk
36 Moisture control
in storage
International Marketing Team

Tel: +44 1242 267707
Darren Parris
darrenp@perendale.co.uk
Tilly Geoghegan
tillyg@perendale.co.uk
Tom Blacker
tomb@perendale.co.uk
North America Office
Mark Cornwell
Tel: +1 913 6422992
markc@perendale.com
Latin America Marketing Team
Ivn Marquetti
Tel: +54 2352 427376
ivanm@perendale.co.uk
Pablo Porcel de Peralta
Tel: +54 2352 427376
pablop@perendale.co.uk
India Marketing Team
Assocom-India Pvt Ltd
Tel: +91 47 675216
india@perendale.co.uk
Getting the moisture levels right

in a silo can be challenging but
it is essential that the target level
is reached within the shortest
possible time.
REGIONAL FOCUS
NEWS
24 Milling in
Northern Europe
Copyright 2015 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All

rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced in any form or by any means without
prior permission of the copyright owner. More
information can be found at www.perendale.com
Perendale Publishers Ltd also publish The
International Milling Directory and The Global
Miller news service
IN THIS ISSUE
78 People news from the

global milling industry
PRODUCT FOCUS
22
CASE STUDY
48
32 Fortification monitoring
26 Fortification - effect of
different iron compounds
on the colour of dried
noodles and pasta
FACES
4
6-19
FEATURES
Nigeria Marketing Team

Nathan Nwosu
Tel: +234 805 7781077
nathann@perendale.co.uk
Grain & Feed Milling

Technology magazine
was rebranded to Milling
and Grain in 2015
Europe
36 STORAGE: Moisture
control in storage
40 STORAGE PROJECT:
Grain handling equipment
upgrades at Strawsons
Farms
EVENTS
62 Event listings, reviews

and previews
42 STORAGE:
Grain conveyors examining this important
piece of equipment
52 Feed formulation
and nutrition focus Ruminants
TRAINING
21 IGP Institute and

GEAPS
COLUMNS
8 Mildred Cookson
9 Tom Blacker
2 GUEST EDITOR
Jim Jundt
54 MARKETS
John Buckley
76 INTERVIEW
Joel Newman
Guest
Editor
Combining World-Class Education with

Unparallel Industry Access
As International
President of the
Grain Elevator and
Processing Society
(GEAPS), I am very
excited to head to
St. Louis Missouri,
U.S. Feb. 21-24
for GEAPS 86th
annual International
Technical Conference
and Exposition, also
known as GEAPS Exchange. GEAPS is an
international organization made up of grain
handling and processing operations professionals
around the world, and every year we gather to
share knowledge and network with new contacts
from across industry sectors.
GEAPS Exchange provides an opportunity to

learn about emerging trends and technologies
through education sessions and workshops, and
to visit more than 350 solutions providers in
more than 200,000 feet of exposition space. The
Exchange is open to all industry professionals
and we look forward to welcoming attendees
from 23 countries this year.
I think it is safe to say that wherever you
are in the world, our industry is evolving
at an amazing rate as we embrace new
technology, and work to improve the safety
and efficiency of our grain handling and
processing operations. GEAPS Exchange
combines industry-specific education designed
to advance continual improvement in daily
operations with the opportunity to meet with
the suppliers that can provide the products,
services and technology for your business.
GEAPS Exchange provides an outstanding

opportunity to learn about the trends and
issues facing our industry. This years
education topics include: electrical safety
in grain handling and processing facilities,
drones and their use in the industry, dust
explosion hazard assessment, contractor
selection, safety and management and more.
GEAPS educational programs are developed

by members and industry leaders to provide
industry-wide insight, standards and best
practices. As the Exchange continues to
grow, GEAPS will be working to expand the
education program to offer sessions focused
on processing operations. The newlyformed Processing Continuing Education
and Credentialing Committee will also be
meeting during Exchange to establish core
competencies that will define new processing
distance education courses.
GEAPS is growing with a global focus, and

we are excited by the immense potential
of expanding our options for processing
professionals. I hope you have an opportunity to
join us in St. Louis for GEAPS Exchange. Not
only can you make valuable connections across
industry sectors that will help your business
run more efficiently, but you can also be on the
forefront of creating world-class educational
offerings that help drive the industry on a global
scale. See you in St. Louis!
Jim Jundt
Pacific Ethanol Columbia LLC, International President,

Grain Elevator and Processing Society (GEAPS)
An industry resource for 2015
Feed statistics who needs them? For a long time that was the attitude towards the collection of the most basic
feed production figures by country and by species globally. Feed International and more recently AllAboutFeed
were two publications that attempted the task believing they held the credentials and resources to secure and
host a comprehensive database on industry production figures; the former showing the greatest commitment to
an annual survey and review over many years.
The task is necessary in order to show those of greatest influence in government and industry where the greatest
need is in terms of animal proteins. MAG (under its former title of GFMT), published in early 2014 a benchmark of
feed production per capita that countries need to achieve to address food security that figure as 133.6kg. Alltechs
latest and most refined figures yet from 2014 (reported in this issue on page 19) support this figure.
Annual Subscription Rates

Inside UK: UK100
Outside: US$150/133
ISSN No: 1466-3872
More Information
www.millingandgrain.com
http://gfmt.blogspot.co.uk
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REGIONAL FOCUS
EUROPE
Storage project
NEWS
New food crime unit

The Scottish-based company, which was at the forefront of
food safety in the horsemeat scandal of 2012, has welcomed
the UK Governments plan to set up a food crime unit to
combat the trade in fraudulent products.
See the full story on page page 16
Grain handling
equipment
upgrades at
Strawsons Farms
In 1998 Strawsons Farms, Louth,
installed a range of 30 tonnes per
hour (tph) and 60 tph grain handling
equipment from Perry of Oakley Ltd
and a 20tph drier. More recently Mr
Strawson has found this system had not
been able to keep up with the amount of
grain he is now producing on the farm,
and so made the decision to upgrade
his drier and handling equipment.
Each year Mr Strawson may need to
dry up to 6000 tonnes which will be a
combination of wheat, barley, oilseed
rape and beans.
See the full story on page 40
EUROPE STATS
HISTORY
EU exports 2013-14
512, 859 tonnes the total amount of exported duram
wheat, common wheat, seed and common wheat
716, 607 tonnes the total amount of Barley exported
234, 227 tonnes the total amount of wheat flour exported
246, 335 tonnes the total amount of rapeseed exported
35, 705 tonnes the total amount of oats exported
512, 859 tonnes the total amount of tonnes exported of
duram wheat, common wheat, seed and common wheat
6, 873 tonnes the total amount of malt exported
Source: HGCA
4 | Milling and Grain
Northern Europe has a unique place in the history of milling.

Fortunately there are sufficient remnants of the distant past to
stimulate interest. Although much is now consigned to museums
and archives such as the Mills Archive (www.millsarchive.org),
many European countries feature active groups of professionals
and amateurs keeping traditional skills and techniques alive!
See the full story on page 24
News
FEB 15
Milling
A blog dedicated
to milling industry
professionals globally
GLOBALGAP and GMP+

International enter into strategic
alliance
LOBALGAP and GMP+

International have entered
into a world-wide strategic
partnership. The respective Letter
of Intent was signed by the two
parties on the 27th of January
2015. GLOBALGAP and GMP+
International are both certification
scheme providers who operate on an
international level and whose activities
ideally complement each other. Both
organisations expect their alliance to
strengthen their operations to the benefit
of the involved certified companies in
the feed, livestock farming and aqua
culture businesses by providing greater
uniformity and transparency as well as
ultimately lowering cost.
Both organisations, while keeping
their independence, are looking to
harmonise governance and system
rules in order to provide a strong,
efficient and transparent tool for the
feed industry, which is also in the best
interest of downstream livestock and
aquaculture farmers.
We aim to achieve optimal results
by focusing on our respective core
businesses, while at the same time
aligning the normative requirements
so as to operate according to the same
principles in governance, certification
and integrity. In due course this will
result in us being able to operate at
lower cost while providing the same
high quality levels, says Johan den
Hartog, Managing Director of GMP+
International.
With a focus on providing safe
and wholesome food for consumers,
we are joining hands with GMP+
International to eliminate any

possible certificate duplication and
to create synergies in the standards
and systems, thus enabling the feed
industry and farmers to participate
in a controlled chain of custody
system, Dr Kristian Moeller, CEO of
GLOBALGAP explains.
GLOBALGAP is a leading Good
Agricultural Practice certification
scheme for the primary production
of arable products as well as for
livestock farming and aquaculture.
Today, approximately 140,000
primary producers are under
GLOBALGAP certification in 118
countries, including 5000 livestock
farms and 220 aquaculture farms,
amounting to two million tons of
farmed seafood.
GLOBALGAP schemes
primarily focus on product safety,
environmental impact and the health,
safety and welfare of workers and
animals. The company is also active
in the feed supply chain, where 75
larger compound feed manufacturing
companies, with an annual production
of approximately ten million tons of
feed, have been certified to this day.
GMP+ International is a global
leader among Feed Certification
schemes, addressing feed safety as
well as feed responsibility issues,
based on well-balanced multistakeholder participation in the
feed & food chain. Today, more
than 13,400 companies / locations
in the entire feed (supply) chain in
approximately 70 countries around
the world are GMP+ certified.
The Global Miller blog is an

online offshoot of Milling
and Grain magazine. While
the monthly magazine covers
milling technology issues
in-depth, the Global Miller
takes a lighter approach.
Our columnists have a keen
eye for the most interesting,
relevant and (lets face
it) bizarre milling stories
from across the world.
Each weekday we scour the
internet for top-notch news
and package it for your
perusal in one neat daily
digest.
Nutriad survey analyzes
Polish 2014 maize for
mycotoxins
bit.ly/1Ihl9hM
4B Braime appoints
David Wolstencroft to
Operations Director
4B Chains
bit.ly/1vw2c5o
AFIA/Eurofins Partner for
HACCP and Feed Safety
Courses
bit.ly/1Ky286G
Protease enzymes
make lower-cost
sorghum viable in
animal feed
bit.ly/1yQuP9h
GF
MT
gfmt.blogspot.com
The IMC Group

launches Contor
new state-of-the-art
condition monitoring
to avoid costly
breakdowns
ondition-based monitoring (CBM)

is playing an increasingly important
role in supporting preventative
maintenance programmes. And its easy
to see why, when the modest investment
required to implement a CBM solution
is compared against the potentially huge
costs associated with repairing or replacing
machinery that has been damaged.
Designed and manufactured in the
UK, the IMC Group has revolutionised
condition based monitoring with the new
wireless Contor system. With no need
for external consultants Contor can be
used for in-house predictive maintenance
analysis to enhance internal preventative
maintenance (PM) objectives.
First customers report that Contor units
are very intuitive and simple to use, and
capable of accurately measuring and
displaying shock impact and vibration data
for critical equipment condition monitoring
whilst in operation.
One recent application is where Contor
has introduced vibration and shock
monitoring technology to a series of
CNC milling machines used to produce
aluminium parts for the aerospace industry.
The unexpected failure of the machines
had left the owners of the facility facing
significant costs and loss of customer
confidence. Central to the effective running
of a machine are its spindles and bearings,
which are subjected to massive forces
during operation. Yet heavy demands on
manufacturing and engineering teams,
manual checking procedures are not
always a high priority and when they
are missed hidden problems can arise.
Additionally, not all potential problems
are even detectable by a worker, whereas
monitoring technology can pick up the
smallest inconsistencies.
Contor uses tri-axial Piezo accelerometer
technology to record precise spindle vibration,
assisting the operator to manage preventative
maintenance. The real-time condition based
monitoring information provided by the IMC
Want more industry news?
Key Benefits
Easy-to-use data collection and
display
Accurately implement predictive
maintenance regimes e.g. bearings
by monitoring the RMS vibration
Significantly reduce machine
downtime and loss of production
Increase machine life
Provide accurate data for warranty
claims
Significantly reduce maintenance
costs by reducing the number of
unnecessary scheduled preventive
maintenance operations
Optimise machine performance e.g.
milling machines
Eliminate cost of consultancy
Strengthen customer confidence
Contor unit prevents damaging outcomes with
instant alarm notifications of excessive impact
to the spindle, providing customers with
vital data that reduces maintenance costs and
production downtime.
IMC Contor uses sophisticated
communication via ZigBee RF to a central
Contor interface where data is stored
within an SOL database. Data from the
central IMC Contor interface can then
be interrogated via the comprehensive
software, overcoming a traditional problem
of CBM systems where huge volumes of
data are produced, which take significant
time and expertise to analyse. The system
developed by The IMC Group incorporates
user-friendly software that automatically
identifies potentially dangerous data trends
and delivers an alert.
Contor technology can output to
MODBUS to work alongside customers
existing systems, such as SEIKI, adding
an additional layer of performance
optimisation.
Customers benefit from significantly
reduced machine downtime and loss of
production. Excessive vibration can be
a symptom of problems and monitoring
the RMS vibration of the system enables
predictive maintenance for the bearings.
Spindle damage is significantly reduced
thus increasing spindle life. Milling
machine performance is optimised,
unnecessary maintenance is eliminated and
costs are reduced. Theres even accurate
data available for any warranty claims!
Milling News
COMPANY
UPDATES
Delacon has restructured its

research and development,
product management and
innovation schemes. These
previously separated teams are
now united within a division
called product innovation. While
remaining the species leader for
poultry, Dr Jan Dirk van der Klis
has become the head of this new
division and now directly reports
to CEO Markus Dedl.
Delacon sets up an office in
India and hires country manager.
Their holistic benefits are paying
off around the world. In order
to deliver individual solutions
for different markets, Delacons
network is growing steadily.
The company have set up with a
permanent base in India and hired
Dr Jeetandra Verma who will
serve as company manager.
GLOBAL G.A.P. has recently

teamed up with LEAF (Linking
Environment and Farming),
Sustainable Agriculture Network
(SAN), launched a joint initiative
(The Declaration of Abu Dhabi)
together with the Sustainable
Agriculture Initiative (SAI)
platform and the International
Trade Centre (ITC), and entered
into partnerships with UNIVEG
as well as REWE International
AG. These were the first steps
undertaken in 2014 to counteract
the ever growing number of
duplicate audits around the world
and to increase the incentives
for farmers to adopt safe and
sustainable production methods,
which will be followed by further
new partnership initiatives in the
coming years.
Get daily news updates on

the Global Miller blog
gfmt.blogspot.com
February 2015 | 7
Milling Journals of the past at the Mills Archive
by Mildred Cookson, The Mills Archive, UK

he third of the significant
journals from the 19th
Century that I am
highlighting is The Weekly
Northwestern Miller, a publication
from the United States published
by The Miller Publishing
Company based in Minneapolis,
but with an office in London.
It commenced publication in 1872. The paperback
magazine varies in format, unlike Milling, which remained
consisted for many years. The earlier editions were the
same size as Milling, but later on the magazine was reduced
in overall size to American Letter size (8.5 x 11 inches). The
number of pages varied, sometimes issues were very thin
with 40 pages and then increasing to thicker ones containing
up to 92 pages. In general the magazines had more
advertisements, attracting increasing interest as the years go
by. The colours of the cover also varied, from various two
tones to full colour, and then back again to twotone in the more recent editions. The front covers
for some years had lovely colour illustrations
covering many themes, from ancient milling, to
a particular wind or watermill, or threshing and
even nursery rhymes (see the 1925 cover -Sing a
song of sixpence, a pocket full of rye). The 1903
cover was typical of many years before the First
World War, advertising Nordyke & Marmon of
Indianapolis, Americas Leading Mill Builders,
with different illustrations of their flour milling
machines. It was important reading for American
Millers, as well as others in the trade worldwide,
reading it kept you up to date with information and
illustrations on new machinery and technology.
The contents included correspondence,
news about mills, and a section titled, Local
and Personal. There were updates from each
American state on the flour market, showing the
weeks flour output, foreign and domestic flour
and grain prices, etc., it usually had an article
called, Around the World, which featured a mill or
mills of a particular country. A weekly review of
the help wanted, situations vacant, mills for sale
and to lease and even pages on individual leading
steamship and transportation lines for bulk freight.
There was also a section on representative flour
importers of Great Britain and the continent. One
unusual column was headed: News by Telegraph
(special cables and telegrams from Northwestern
Miller correspondents). For example: Kansas
Mill Burned: Kansas City Nov 3rd Special Telegram- the

new 150-bbl mill of Edward Pierson at Lawrence, Kansas,
was struck by lightning Saturday and damage done to the
amount of $5,000 by the fire which resulted.
Inside the back cover of each edition there was an index of
advertisers, which included many mills, many pointing out
how good their flour was!
One thing in particular caught my eye in the early editions,
on each page there was the small illustration of a child stood
against a barrel of flour with a full sack leaning on it, in
the background is a windmill. Throughout each page of the
magazines it shows the child doing something different as
seen here in a couple of the drawings.
The Mills Archive holdings from the first forty years of
publication have recently been boosted by a donation from
Satake, of an almost complete set of loose issues of the
magazine, dating from the 1920s to the 1950s. We are now
applying for a grant for binding them, but also importantly,
a very large bookcase to hold them once bound!
To find out more contact me on mills@millsarchive.org
Milling News
Mhlenchemie responds to
the durum shortage
hlenchemie
has enlarged its
Technology Centre to
include a pilot plant for pasta;
this is currently being used
to seek economical solutions
in response to the shortage
of quality wheat for pasta
production
According to forecasts, the
international wheat market will
move in two opposite directions
in 2015. Whereas an excellent
harvest is expected for bread
wheat / soft wheat, the durum
market faces massive losses.
The industry analyst Jim
Peterson from the North Dakota
Wheat Commission predicts
the smallest harvest of Triticum
durum in 13 years. The crop will
be unsatisfactory in respect of
both quantity and quality.
This negative trend is to
be seen in all the important
producing countries. Italy,
Greece, Spain and even Canada,
the biggest exporter of durum,
are expecting for serious losses.
Bruce Burnett, the harvest expert
of the Canadian Wheat Board,
estimates that less than a quarter
of the Western Canadian durum
will achieve the top two quality
categories.
Another severely affected area
is North Dakota, where about
half of all the US durum wheat is
grown. Unusually high rainfalls
in the spring and autumn have
done serious damage to the
harvest. This state is expecting
a fall in quantity of over four
percent. The estimated loss to the
US market as a whole is eight
percent.
In view of such bad news,
insiders predict that financial
pressure on the processing
industry will increase
massively in 2015. Many pasta
manufacturers will have to
make do with weaker durum
qualities or resort to mixtures of
pasta and bread flour. But such
compromises generally result
in loss of quality. Bite, colour,

cooking properties all these
factors depend to a large extent
on the quality of the flour.
Mhlenchemie, one of the
worlds best-known enterprises
in the field of flour treatment,
is familiar with these complex
interactions; for years it has
developed customized enzyme
systems that ensure efficient
performance in spite of inferior
flour quality. To complement
our years of expertise in raw
materials, we have now invested
in a pasta laboratory of our own
which will enable us to meet
our customers requirements
even more specifically, says
Managing Director Lennart
Kutschinski of Mhlenchemies
latest service offer to pasta
manufacturers.
On our Pavan pilot plant we
can simulate practically any
industrial process. For example,
at the customers request we
can test the effects of different
enzyme systems and adjust
the recipes accordingly. Is a
compound from our Pastazym
series the most suitable for
treating this particular flour, or
one from the EMCEdur series?
How do they affect the taste,
mouth feel and stability after
cooking? On our pilot plant
we find answers to all these
questions on our customers
behalf, Kutschinski explains.
Mhlenchemies Managing
Director is convinced that the
new all-round service meets
a very real demand. Our
applications technology enables
us to find practical solutions for
the pasta industry that reconcile
quality and economy even in
difficult times. In recent projects,
for example, we have replaced
75 percent of the durum with
bread wheat and achieved the
same quality and colour by using
Pastazym. Support of this kind
will become more and more
significant in future.
Local & Global

Tom Blacker
International Milling Directory
It has been a busy
time here at the
International Milling
Directory (IMD).
The team headed over
to IPPE in Atlanta
USA, taking with us,
several hundred copies
of the Directory.
Copies were distributed to visitors of our stand,
and I am pleased to report that we got some very
positive feed back about our latest print edition as well as some great ideas from readers, that we
hope can be incorporated into our next edition
and website over the coming months. It was
great to talk to you!
It always brings home the global scale of this
industry when travelling to events such as IPPE
- but something that we consistantly hear from
you is, dealing with local companies is just as
important in your day to day operations.
This is a point that we have addressed in the new
version of the IMD website.
If you have visited www.internationalmilling.
com recently, you will have noticed that we
have a world map right there on our home page,
complete with icons to show company locations
(as well as a search tool). This allows our users
to find suppliers in a specific country, and then
see exaclty where there business is located.
We hope that this will be a great addition to the
site, not only for companies trying to find a local
supplier, but also for companies that operate on
an international basis, and want to find suppliers
in a specific country.
Later this month (21-24 Feb) we are looking
forward to our visit to GEAPS Exchange, where
we will taking copies of the IMD to distribute
to the industry. If you are planning to attend
the event why not come along to our stand and
meet the team.
On the subject of events - if you are from a
company that is attending GEAPS (or any other
event) - did you know that you can now enter
this information onto the IMD website to let
your customers know that you are attending?
Tom Blacker
Directory coordinator
February 2015 | 9
Milling News
EAAP gives the Best Poster Award to INRA and Adisseos researchers
he scientific committee on animal physiology at
the European Association for Animal Production
(EAAP) decided to give the best poster award
to Rosa Castellano, for its Research achieved in Inra
Rennes under the supervision of Florence Gondret, in
a collaborative project between INRA (Marie-Hlne
Perruchot, Sophie Tesseraud) and Adisseo (Yves Mercier).
The authors received the Award during the 65th annual
meeting of EAAP in Copenhagen in 2014.
Their work aimed to understand the effects of
methionine supply on adipogenesis and lipid metabolism
of pigs. The rewarded poster was focused on the effect
methionine levels on adipocytes differentiation and
adipose gene expression in vitro. This program allowed
a better understanding on how dietary methionine supply

can modulate lipid deposition by changing nutrient
energy usage towards lipid synthesis and hence explain
excessive fat deposition when pigs are fed methionine
deficient diets.
This prize rewards the result of an effective collaboration
between Adisseo and INRA centres emphasises Yves Mercier.
This work was done in the continuity of a larger program
initiated 4 years ago including Alberto Conde-Aguilera and
Jaap Van Milgen on the effect of methionine levels on tissues
amino acid composition and the effects on protein synthesis.
Detailed information about the consequences on oxidative
stress and redox status of pigs will be given at the 47th JRP
(Paris, France, 3-4 February 2015).
AusScan Online - NIR calibration

delivery is now live
offer access to its wide range of in vivo energy calibrations

for broilers, pigs and ruminants, they said.
Results will be delivered to the user via the website, where
they can review previous results and trend their data. And the
good news is they will only pay for what they need.
Aunir will also maintain and update the calibrations to
ensure users enjoy access to the very best information to
suit their businesses and operational needs.
The expected usual proximate analyses will be offered,
plus a range of non-starch polysaccharide and amino acid
analyses, including total, reactive and standardised ileal
digestible lysine. Users of AusScan Online can analyse
their wheat, barley, sorghum, triticale, soya and canola
samples via the website.
new online platform, known as AusScan Online,

is set to revolutionise feed ingredient near infrared
reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) calibrations, thanks
to a licensing agreement between the Cooperative Research
Centre for High Integrity Australian Pork (Pork CRC) and
Aunir. According to Pork CRC CEO, Dr Roger Campbell and
Aunir Technical Director Chris Piotrowski, AusScan Online
users no longer need to load the calibrations onto their NIR
machine and are now able to upload spectra files to the new
website, and run the calibrations over the internet.
But the most exciting aspect, is AusScans ability to
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February 2015 | 11
Milling News
Polaris - a big
star in milling
heaven
The MQRG Polaris

purifier from Bhler
has already sold
800 times
irst presented to the public

at the IPACK-IMA in Milan
in the spring of 2009, the
Polaris purifier from Bhler is
now successfully positioned
on the market. As a stand-alone
machine or as part of the Bhler
triumvirate Antares-Sirius-Polaris, the
completely revised purifier from Bhler has
earned a fixed spot in milling heaven. Since its
market entry in 2010, Bhlers state-of-the-art purifier
Polaris has already sold 800 times worldwide. The
Polaris, listed as article MQRG at Bhler, is primarily
used in durum mills for manufacturing high quality
semolina for the production of premium pasta. With its
high throughput capacity and increased yield for lowash flours the Polaris purifier can also be used in milling
where particularly light and thus low-ash content flours

are being produced. Bhlers customers appreciate the
20 percent increased throughput rate of the Polaris,
the maximum purification capacity with its extremely
high yield of speck-free semolina, the user-friendly
operation and monitoring as well as the maintenance-free
operation.
Since 1947
www.perryofoakley.co.uk
sales@perryofoakley.co.uk
+44 (0)1404 890300
IMD in print
The 23rd print edition of the IMD is
out now! The 23rd edition is bigger
and better than ever before!
23
2014/15
IMD on the web

Our website has been
completely revised for 2015
with new features and a
better user experience
international
milling
.com
The UKs most experienced

manufacturer of grain drying
& handling equipment.
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remember!
February 2015 | 15
Milling News
New food crime unit
Horsemeat scandal watchdog

R-Biopharm Rhne welcomes
plan for new food crime unit
he Scottish-based company, which was at the

forefront of food safety in the horsemeat scandal of
2012, has welcomed the Governments plan to set up
a food crime unit to combat the trade in fraudulent products.
R-Biopharm Rhne, the manufacturer and one of
Scotlands biggest exporter of diagnostic test kits, hailed
the recommendation which is the major plank in a report
by food security expert Professor Chris Elliott of Queens
University Belfast.
He has suggested food crime prevention measures
including better intelligence gathering, unannounced
audits, improved lab testing capacity and a more
investigative approach by the food industry to its supply
chain.
Simon Bevis, Managing Director of R-Biopharm Rhne,
said: This is a welcome move and it is encouraging that
ministers have indicated that all the recommendations in
Professor Elliotts report will be accepted.
It is of the utmost importance that consumers in the UK
can have confidence in the provenance of their food and be
assured that the product is actually what it is labeled as. If
it is not, then it is fraud.
R-Biopharm Rhne was in the front line of the UKs

defences against food contamination during the horsemeat
scandal two years ago, when the Food Standards Agency
found beefburgers with traces of equine DNA, leading to
tens of millions of burgers being taken off the shelves by
major retailers.
The company is now spearheading investigatory testing
as concerns mount about cheap fish being substituted for
expensive fish without the consumer knowing.
Carol Donnelly, Marketing Manager at R-Biopharm
Rhne, said: We are seeing increasing concerns,
particularly in the fish processing industry, about cheap
fish, such as pollock or coley, being substituted for
premium species such as cod.
The Glasgow-based company sells DNA test kits which
can determine the authenticity of fish products and
provides a testing service to speedily let companies know
if their fish is the species they paid for.
UK industry stalwart Pat Donovan passes away

Patrick Donovan CBE passed away peacefully on Monday 2 February, aged 90
at was born in the Liverpool

area but spent his first few
years in Dublin. He came
to England in the 1930s after his
father left the family flour milling
business (John Donovan & Sons)
in Tralee, County Kerry and set
up Kings Mills at Knottingley,
Yorkshire. He was later educated at
Belmont Abbey School, Hereford.
He was always keen on sport and
became Captain of the school
rugby team. In later years he
returned to play in the Old Boys rugby matches. One year he
captained the Old Boys team and the school captain was his
eldest son David as his three sons went to the same school.
On leaving school he joined the family flour-milling firm,
Kings Mills at Knottingley and served his apprentice there.
Having obtained his first class City and Guilds certificate
he then went to do his National Service in the Army and got
a commission. On leaving the army he re-joined the family
business with his brother Denis as his father had had a stroke.
He and his brothers continued to expand the business. Then
in 1962 the family sold out to Associated British Foods and
became part of Allied Mills Ltd.
Pat and Denis continued at Kings Mills until Pat was moved
to some of the other mills within the group before becoming
Managing Director of Allied Mills: later to become Chairman
and Managing Director; then a Director of Associated British

Foods Ltd under the Chairmanship of Garry Weston.
Pat then made sure Allied Mills kept up to date and in the
fore front of the milling industry.
He started to expand the activities of the group into starch
production, grain merchanting, rice milling, grain import and
export and maize milling.
He was very much involved in the activities of the National
Association of British and Irish Millers of which he was
President on two occasions for his work for NABIM he was
awarded the CBE.
On a few occasions he was invited to America to talk to the
milling industry there about the improvements in the modern
milling industry.
His widow, Margaret, survives him. Pat has three sons none
of whom came into the milling industry but were successful
in their careers.
He was always concerned about members of his staff and
took an interest in them.
Rugby was his main sport playing as regular member of
Headingley Rugby Club (Leeds) and for Yorkshire. The
other sports he played were tennis and badminton. He liked
walking and did so most days.
The funeral will be held on Tuesday February 24 with a
Requiem mass 11:30 at St Gregorys Catholic Church, St
James Square, Cheltenham GL50 8LE (No flowers please,
donations instead to Stroke Association and Age UK).
Contributed by Noel Donovan, Pats brother.
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www.romerlabs.com
The industrys most

authoritative resource
on feed production
TWO PERCENT YEAR-ON-YEAR INCREASE
RUMINAN
T2
7%
India
29
Japan
24
France
22
Spain
Russia
Germany
29
26
24
14
1
9
6
10
5.3
3
2
3
0.2 24
55
0.2
11
0.2
0
0.3
0.4
31
18
0.4
11
0.3 0.2
Horse
Broiler
20
0.3
41
0.1 0.1
5
Layer
Calf
Dairy
Beef
2
21
Pets
31
19
Aqua
66
Mexico
85
24
Turkey
USA 173
Pig
Total mil tonnes
FEED BY COUNTRY
The findings based on the data from 2014 reveal an

increase of two percent in the feed industry.
Global feed tonnage was measured at 980 million metric
tons, while last year it was roughly 960 million metric
tons. Feed industry trends throughout 2014 were impacted
by myriad events, including widespread droughts, high
costs of raw feed materials, fluctuating governance over
import/export standards, and animal diseases such as avian
influenza and the PED virus in pigs, which proved to be
disastrous for many farmers.
China 183
Brazil
0%
LTRY 45%
OU
Increase over 2014
Looking at
global livestock
species, poultry
held its position
as industry
leader with
a 45 percent
share of the
feed market at
439 million tons.
Pet and pigs
saw the largest
percentage
of growth,
with 5 percent
increase in
pet food and
5.3 percent
increase in pig
feed. Aqua
saw a slight
1.8 percent
increase and
poultry and
horse both saw
a decline.
PIGS
015 marks the fourth consecutive year that Alltech

has conducted its global feed survey. It has become
the industrys most authoritative resource on feed
production by country and by species and has challenged
several leading organisations that represent animal feed
output to re-evaluate and bring their figures up-to-date.
This undertaking requires a significant amount of work
each year, mainly because the feed industry is measured
differently and in varying degrees of thoroughness from
country-to-country, says Aidan Connolly, Alltechs Chief
Innovation Officer.
Yet, each year, better information is discovered and
more is learned about how farmers around the world feed
their livestock.
Alltech isnt the only entity interested in these trends.
Increasingly, more farmers, supply companies, the Food
and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,
Non-Governmental Organizations, food businesses and
indeed consumers are interested in what goes into the food
humans consume.
What foods are truly nutritious? How do farmers raise
livestock that are healthy? How can agriculture increase
efficiency and therefore, feed more people? Answers to
these questions and many others can be found by starting
with an examination of the feed animals are eating
worldwide, says the company.
The report outlines Alltechs estimate of the worlds feed
tonnage and trends to date and is intended to serve as an
industry resource for the coming year.
Alltech assessed the compound feed production of 130
countries.
Where possible, information was gathered in partnership
with local feed associations and, when that wasnt possible,
it was done utilizing information collected by the more
than 600 members of Alltechs global salesforce, who had
direct contact with more than 31,000 feedmills.
When reviewing the data, there are two considerations
to bear in mind.
First, numbers for less developed countries may be less
accurate, but given their size, this had little numerical
influence on the overall dataset. Second, the definition
of feed, feed mill and species varied from country to
country, adds Mr Connolly.
0.5
0.4 0.2 0.5 0.2
10
0.6
6
2
11
4
3
0.5
0.3
0
0
0.3
1.1 0.3
Although China was once again the leading producer of

feed with 183 million tons manufactured in the official
estimate of more than 9500 feedmills, this is the second
year of decline in its production.
The country experienced a notable four percent decline
from last years numbers.
Some analysts contribute this downturn to a slow hog
market and bird flu that suppressed consumer demand.
India, on the other hand, had a considerable increase
in feed production, up to 29.4 million tons (a 10 percent
increase over 2013), owing mainly to favorable weather
conditions and consistently-improving farming methods
and technology.
The United States and Brazil ranked second and third
respectively, with 172 million tons from 6,718 feed mills
and 66 million tons from 1,698 feed mills.
When grouped into regions, Africa and Latin America
saw the greatest growth in 2014. Asia Pacific, Europe,
North America and the Middle East all showed a slight
incline. Several individual countries can be highlighted as
bright spots of growth and development.
Among them were Turkey, Indonesia, Romania, Tunisia
and Bolivia, all of which experienced their second
consecutive year of significant increase in feed production.
February 2015 | 19
Mill
Training
As the milling and grain processing industry continues

to evolve internationally, it is vital that milling personnel
obtain a consistent level of understanding throughout the
profession. The Kansas State University IGP Institute has
developed a combination program of on-site courses and
distance education courses to advance the skills of industry
professionals.
through trainings sequenced in a structured program that was

developed and peer-reviewed by many of the grain industrys
top specialists. All of the material is based on current industry
practices and standards that course participants can relate back
to their respective businesses.
Were confident that grain processing and milling companies
will find the courses and credentials very useful, says Dirk
Maier, IGP Institute director. They help train new employees
and improve the job skills of current employees even up to
the veteran levels. They also help build a career path for young
people proving them with qualifications at the entry level.
Helping to Grow
Industry Expertise
- IGP Institute and GEAPS
partner to offer credentials to
the rapidly growing processing
industry
We wanted to develop a training program that would benefit
new millers, mill owners and others involved in the grain
industry, says Mark Fowler, IGP Institute associate director.
He adds, It is beneficial for young professionals whether
they are graduating from high school, technical school or with a
bachelor of science from a university to receive milling-specific
training as they are entering the workforce.
To meet these demands, the IGP Institute is partnering with
the Grain Elevator and Processing Society (GEAPS) to offer
distance-learning courses that lead to credentials in either grain
processing or grain operations management.
Through these courses, new employees are able to learn
Training courses
February
GEAPS 521: Aeration System Design and Fan Operational Management

GEAPS 530: Quality Management Systems for Bulk Materials Handling
Operations
GEAPS 544: Preventing Grain Dust Explosions
To learn more about the credential program, course content

and schedules, please visit the GEAPS website. Following is a
brief description of the courses that might be of great interest
for milling industry professionals. These are planned for
February and March. Registration for the February trainings
closes February 3 with the courses being conducted on-line
from February 9 to March 13. The March trainings registration
closes March 10 with the courses being conducted on-line
from March 16-April 17. The cost for the training is $640 for
GEAPS members and $815 for non-members. To view a full
course description and register, visit the GEAPS website
www.geaps.com
March
GEAPS 500: Introduction to Grain Handling Operations

GEAPS 540: Safety Management of Grain and Processing Facilities
GEAPS 620: Grain Receiving, Cleaning and Conditioning (Processing)
To learn more about the IGP Institute, please visit the website at
www.grains.ksu.edu/igp
February 2015 | 21
Wide-Corr Centurion bins
PRODUCT FOCUS
FEBRUARY 2015
In every edition of Milling and Grain,
we take a look at the products that will
be saving you time and money in the
milling process.
Wide-Corr Centurion flat bottom bins and Wide-Corr

Centurion hopper bottom bins are designed for the rigors
of commercial applications including use in grain terminals,
feed mills, and biofuel facilities.
Designed for faster assembly and improved overall
strength, Westeels patented commercial series roof
features 100% bolting on all roof panels and a tight middle
connection. For added insurance against sagging and
leaking from heavy snow or ice, Wide-Corr Centurion bins
include heavy beam roof framing supports with patented
continuous ring purlins and tension plates.
www.westeel.com
Kanalsystem Grain Cooler

Grain is our food! Using a Tornum Grain Cooler we
can help you treat it that way. A Tornum Grain Cooler
accomplishes what nature cannot always provide safe
storage temperature regardless of ambient conditions.
The Kanalsystem was originally designed to provide the
quality airflow to properly condition grain using the
total climate control provided by the TORNUM
Grain Cooler. It has accomplishes this goal in
all types of silos up to 170 ft (52m) height and is
equally at home in flat storage buildings.
With the GEAPS EXCHANGE 2015

coming up on February 21-24 in St
Louis Missouri (USA) - we take a look
at some of the products on display
from more than 350 exhibitors that
will be attending this year
www.tornum.com
Titan series TSG Slide Gate

The Vortex Titan Series TSG gate is
designed to meet the most demanding
applications when handling heavy-duty
abrasive materials such as sand, gravel,
coal, whole grains, metal powders or
minerals. The TSG gate handles dry
material in gravity flow applications
where positive material shut-off and dust
tight sealing are required.
Vortex slide gates offer a wide variety of
actuation choices including electric,
hydraulic, pneumatic, chain wheel, and
hand crank. Features include hardened
steel cam-adjustable rollers, grease
zerks, side mounted switches, carbon
steel contact, inlet/outlet transitions, seal
access ports, removable seals, and more.
www.vortexvalves.com
Bolt N Go Drop Forged

Chain
The Bolt N Go flight system is a revolutionary assembly
method for drop forged conveyor chain designed to
reduce downtime and maintenance costs. Link and flight
assembly has been made easy by using a standard bolt
and nut with a high strength hollow pin. There are no
circlips to become loose and no intricate assembly. No
welding is required to attach flights, no need to remove
chain from the conveyor for installation, and no issues
with strength. Just bolt the links and the flights together.
Its easy, simple and reliable! The Bolt N Go system is
available in 7 chain sizes ranging from 102NA to 200NA.
www.go4b.com
FOCUS
SPECIAL FOCUS
The Roff R70
The Roff R70, launched 17 April 2013 on the farm of Mr

Flippie Blignaut, is arguably South Africas most costeffective, compact four tonne per hour mill. Roff has already
installed two of these mills in Zimbabwe to ensure more
affordable food staples for the public by reducing supply chain
and distribution costs.
Perfect setting for the R70 - As a successful business
built through hard work, innovative thinking and the agility
to adapt to changes in the marketplace, Mr Blignauts farm
provided the ideal backdrop for the South African launch of
the versatile R70.
The farms mill, Sardinia Milling, was established 13 years
ago to add value to the primary crop, maize. A combined
farming model ensures optimised efficiency and an increased
profit margin. Maize is produced, stored in silos on site, high
conditioning equipment (with a conditioning bin), degermination,

milling, sifting, conveyors, electrical panel, electrical cabling
and all steel structures. Clients only need to provide the building,
water point and electrical supply to the panel.
Compact to save floor space and reduce installation costs,
the Roff R70 has the capacity to produce 100 tonnes of
maize per day. This equates to 30,000 tonnes per year, which
is a potential annual turnover of R100 million;
The R70 is one of the best value for money maize mills on
the market, with the cost of the installed mill in South Africa
between R2.5 million and R3.5 million for a 4 tonne per
hour plant, with smaller capacity options also available;
To reduce installation time on site, the mills are preassembled in the Roff factory;
Sheet metal parts are laser-cut to ensure excellent quality;
quality endosperm is extracted and marketed as top-notch meal,

and maize bran a by-product of the milling process is used
as base for the animal feed provided to cattle feeding schemes.
As such, maize only leaves the farm in the form of meal
and livestock. This model shortens the supply chain to ensure
maximum profitability. The end-user also benefits, as a large
percentage of the product is distributed within in a small
radius, which keeps distribution costs to a minimum.
Grown across a huge part of Africa, there is a move towards
processing and distributing maize in the area in which it has
been produced. Entrepreneurs can still supply to other areas
if it proves profitable, but by supplying more maize in the
vicinity of the farm, transport costs are greatly reduced.
The Roff R70 mill can play a significant role in the reduction
of supply chain and distribution costs, as it provides a
compact, all-in-one solution to farmers like Mr Blignaut.
R70s innovative design optimises productivity The Roff R70
comes standard with a surge bin for maize inlet, cleaning and
All operational equipment is installed across two levels, so

that processes are visible from multiple angles. This enables
the miller contact with the process and easy control of the
plant;
All components are easily reachable. The top floor is not an
operational floor, but mainly used for maintenance purposes;
The R70 is a proudly South African mill. With the exception
of a few small parts, it is manufactured in Roffs Kroonstad
factory; and
For the clients peace of mind, the R70 is covered by an
optional maintenance contract.
Adding value to a wide client base - Small enterprises
can also benefit from the Roff R70 mill, as it can be installed
at two tonnes per hour on a similar platform as the R70 on
the Blignaut farm. It is easily upgradable to a four tonne per
hour configuration without missing more than 48 hours of
production time during the upgrade.
www.roff.co.za
February 2015 | 23
Researching and Reporting
Milling in
Northern
Europe
A historical overview
Northern Europe has a unique
place in the history of milling.
Fortunately there are sufficient
remnants of the distant past
to stimulate interest. Although
much is now consigned
to museums and archives
such as the Mills Archive
(www.millsarchive.org),
many European countries
feature active groups of
professionals and amateurs
keeping traditional skills and
techniques alive!
by Mildred Cookson
n 1972 a group of volunteers set up Gilde van

Vrijwillige Molenaars in the Netherlands. This
guild of volunteer millers (http://tinyurl.com/
oe6bx69) runs training courses and provides
proficiency certificates, which are required by most
Dutch mills. In the UK in 1987, I helped to set up
the Traditional Cornmillers Guild for professional
millers operating traditional wind or water-powered
flourmills, and this is still going strong (http://www.
tcmg.org.uk/).
Before the middle of the 19th century such traditional mills
were vital to the rural economies of Europe and the subsequent
roller flour mill revolution has been well described by Rob
Shorland-Ball in previous issues of this magazine. The tide of
technology and economic necessity stimulated by the Industrial
Revolution ensured the rapid adoption of new more efficient
milling techniques across the continent.
In the United Kingdom as well as the rest of Northern Europe,
these changes took place over several decades. Almost all villages
would have had their own wooden post mill supplying the local
community with its flour. With growing populations, villages and
towns expanded and new canals and railway systems appeared,
allowing grain to be brought to the mills instead of relying on
local crops. Soon new mills were built next to rivers and canals
for easy unloading of imported cereals. With these new mills
came the opportunity to install the new roller mills.
As early as 1820 several roller mills were invented, in
Switzerland, Austria and France but none worked well enough to
go into production. An important breakthrough in design came
in 1834 when a Swiss engineer, Sulzberger, used three pairs of
steel rollers (two smooth, one fluted) with a speed differential.

Although these were adjustable, they did not give under pressure
and had no feed control. Even so, Mller of Warsaw built several
of these mills in Switzerland, Germany, Italy and Hungary. The
roller mill was still not accepted yet as The Miller journal stated
in 1876 there is a lack of adaptability and intelligence of the
workmen.
The breakthrough came in 1873 when another Swiss, Frederick
Wegman, developed a roller mill with porcelain roller, where the
pressure was kept constant. Together with Ganz & Mechwart
of Budapest the roller mill was improved; now recognisable as
the modern roller mill (see Robs article in the previous issue
of Milling and Grain, page 24), it was soon advertised and used
all over Northern Europe. In 1878 there were 9,000 flour and
F
provender mills recorded,
by 1887 there were
461 roller process mills
and Milling magazine
suggested that in 1901
there were over 1,000
complete roller mills in
the British Isles.
Roller milling
transformed flour
production across
Northern Europe, and
gradually the likes
of Simon, Buhler
etc., with their roller
systems allowing proper
adjustment and requiring
less attention, offered
higher capacity, and
more grades of flour. The
roller flour revolution
had begun and was here
to stay.
In my travels across
Europe during the 1980s
and again in early 2000
I saw that in many villages in Hungary, Germany, France and
Denmark the wooden post mills were still being used, adapted to
roller milling to grind local cereals such as wheat, rye and spelt.
The Mills Archive is intending to set up an archive devoted to
the history of roller flour milling across the world. A heritage
spanning almost 200 years has been sadly neglected and we plan
to offer a safe home to documents and images that cover not only
the transition from traditional to modern flour milling, but also
the stories of the people and firms involved in the drive for more
efficient flour production.
If you can help in any way or would like to know more please
email mills@millsarchive.org
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February 2015 | 25
Figure 2: Different types of iron compounds
Fortification
effect of different iron compounds on the colour of dried noodles and pasta
by Lena Kampehl and Martina Mollenhauer, Mhlenchemie GmbH & Co KG
very year, 600 million tons of wheat

and maize flour are produced and
consumed in the form of noodles, bread
and other flour products. Fortification of
industrially produced wheat and maize
flour is therefore a simple and effective
way of providing the worlds population
with vitamins and minerals. Industrially
produced flour is defined as products
from mills with a capacity of more than 20 t/day.
According to the FFI, nutrients are added to about 30 percent
of all industrially produced flour worldwide. It estimates that
97 percent of the wheat flour in America, 31 percent in Africa,
44 percent in the Eastern Mediterranean, 21 percent in SouthEast Asia, six percent in Europe and four percent in the Western
Pacific regions are fortified.
The consumption of flour with added vitamins and minerals is a
significant step towards preventing micronutrient deficiencies.
The cost of flour fortification is more than made up for by
savings in the public health system.
In the United States, fortification is credited with preventing
1,000 neural tube defects a year. Annual fortification costs are
approximately US$ 3 million, and direct medical costs averted
are US$ 145 million per year; consequently US$ 48 is saved for
every dollar spent on fortification.
One indication of the success of flour fortification is that at
least law in 82 states now prescribes the addition of iron or folic
acid to flour. Three countries follow the recommendations of
the World Health Organisation (WHO) voluntarily, and in 22

countries including Turkey, statutory flour fortification is in the
planning phase. In 2004 only 33 states took part.
There are very different approaches to regulating fortification.
It is important to consider the eating habits and nutrient deficits
in the country concerned. Some countries fortify all flour with
micronutrients, which means that all the resulting products
benefit. Other countries treat flours according to the purpose for
which they are used, so there are differences between bread and
pasta flour, for example.
Fortification of industrially
produced wheat and maize
flour is therefore a simple and
effective way of providing the
worlds population with vitamins
and minerals
There are also different recommendations for the minerals to
be added. Whereas some countries only specify the quantity, for
example of iron, others state, which iron compound, is to be used,
e.g. ferrous sulphate.
The following tests were carried out because the use of ferrous
sulphate is prescribed compulsorily in one Latin American
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Revised Buckets C2 half page 2.indd 1
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country. When fortified flour was

used in noodle production, the boiled
noodles were found to have noticeable
grey discolouration, which was not
acceptable to consumers.
Six different iron compounds were
used in the series of tests.
The dosage used was 60ppm iron,
since this is the highest level in the flour
fortification standards. The 60ppm iron
were converted for the iron compounds
according to molecular weight, added
to the flour and mixed with it.
The differences in the uptake of iron
into the bloodstream (bioavailability)
were not taken into account in the
tests. In practice, however, it is
usual to adjust the dosage of the iron
compounds to their bioavailability,
so that similar amounts of iron are
available in the bloodstream.
For production of the spaghetti, a
hard wheat with 12 percent protein was
used. The water content of the noodle
dough was 32 percent. In the laboratory
the spaghetti was pressed with a Sela
pasta machine, type TR 75 W, and dried
for 24 hours at 35 C and 60 percent
relative humidity. 100 g pasta were then
placed in 1 litre of boiling water with
5g salt and boiled for 8 minutes. The
dried and the boiled noodles and also
the water in which they were boiled
were compared visually (Table 1).
Ferric pyrophosphate, ferric
orthophosphate and electrolytic iron
had no effect on the colour of the
noodles. With ferrous fumarate and
ferric sodium EDTA the noodles were
lighter in colour and less yellow,
and with ferrous sulphate they had a
noticeable greyish tinge.
The reasons for this presumably lie in
the reactivity of the iron. An analysis
of the water used for boiling also
suggested reasons for the differences in
colour.
In ferric pyrophosphate and ferric
orthophosphate the iron is in a trivalent
form and chemically inert. It does not enter a reaction. Since the
products are not soluble in water, they are not washed out in the
cooking process, and the noodles remain similar in colour to the
untreated controls.
The divalent iron in the sulphate and fumarate enters redox
reactions with the colour-giving substances of the flour, e.g.
carotenoids, and this results in colour changes. Ferrous sulphate
is more readily soluble in water than the fumarate, and thus more
reactive. The colour deviation of the boiled pasta is therefore
more noticeable than when fumarate is used.
The ferric sodium EDTA forms a complex with the pigments,
which are partly washed out when the pasta is boiled. This is
further confirmed by the loss of 40% of the iron through cooking.
The boiled noodles were the lightest in colour in the comparative
test.
Hydronix Moisture Sensors
Save You Money
Hydronix digital, microwave moisture sensors are

designed and manufactured in the UK and provide
accurate and cost effective moisture measurement and
control in feed meals and pellets, grain, cereal and pulses.
Hydro-Probe XT
Figure 1: Status of flour fortification in December 2014. 82 states

require the fortification of flour with at least iron and/or folic acid
(Source: FFI, 2014).
The Hydro-Probe XT has been specically designed to

measure moisture in organic materials, typically being
installed in or underneath silos or in the material on a
conveyor.
The Hydro-Mix VII is a ush mounted sensor that is
ideally suited to installation in mixers, augers or the inlet /
outlet of grain dryers.
Both sensors offer a choice of digital measurement
modes enabling the producer to select the best option for
the material being measured.
Hydro-Mix VII
Table 1: Changes in the colour of noodles

caused by different iron preparations
Following the above results, the use of ferric phosphate

for fortifying pasta flour was permitted in the country
concerned, and consumer acceptance was restored.
References:
FFInetwork.org - Food Fortification Initiative

WHO Recommendations on Wheat and Maize Flour
Fortification, Meeting Report: Interim Consensus
Statement, 2009
3
Grosse, Scott, et. al., Reevaluating the Benefits of Folic
Acid Fortification in the United States: Economic Analysis,
Regulation, and Public Health. American Journal of Public
Health 95 2005:1917-1922.
1
2
Hydronix sensors include:
Digital technology with precise linear output

Wide moisture measurement range
Suitable for chutes, silos, mixers or conveyors
Choice of measurement modes
Not affected by dust or colour
Different installation options
Temperature stable
enquiries@hydronix.com
www.hydronix.com
GFMT half page vertical 90 x 270 plus 3mm bleed not left.indd 1
February 2015 | 29
13/01/2014 10:00:18
F FLOUR
FORTIFICATION
MONITORING
Flour millers in three countries demonstrate

rigorous fortification monitoring
by Sarah Zimmerman, Food Fortification Initiative
hree recently completed case studies

have verified that industrial flourmills
in Chile, Indonesia, and the Republic
of South Africa (RSA) have rigorous
internal controls to confirm that their
products comply with country standards
for fortification. While other types
of monitoring varied considerably,
the studies show that milling leaders
have developed standard operating procedures to maintain and
improve internal quality systems.
We are pleased to see that these flour millers are at the
forefront of ensuring that their customers receive the health
benefits from fortification, said Helena Pachn, Senior Nutrition
Scientist for the Food Fortification Initiative (FFI). The studies
are a collaborative effort between UNICEF, FFI, and the U.S.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Research for the case studies included interviewing government
personnel responsible for monitoring fortification and visiting
mills, bakeries, food retail outlets, inspection laboratories, and
companies that produce vitamin and mineral premix. The authors
found that the industry had instituted regular physical and visual
control points. Industry procedures used for internal monitoring
in the three countries included:
Check weighing the premix feeder. This is when a miller
weighs the amount of premix discharged by the premix feeder
over one to two minutes then compares the amount to the
weight of premix expected to be discharged over that period.
Ensuring that the feeder is working properly. This involves
confirming that the feeder has adequate amounts of premix and
that it is delivering the required quantity of premix.
Recording results of fortification checks. This includes keeping
accurate records, such as the amount of premix used compared
to the amount of flour produced, so if a variation from the
norm is noted, it can be resolved.
Several resources are available to help plan monitoring
programs. For example, the FFI website has a page about internal
quality control at http://www.ffinetwork.org/monitor/internal.
html. The Flour Millers Toolkit at http://www.ffinetwork.org/
implement/toolkit.html, which offers a section on assuring quality

control at the mill. The World Health Organisation and the Food
and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations discuss other
types of monitoring in detail in the book Guidelines on Food
Fortification with Micronutrients. See http://www.who.int/
nutrition/publications/micronutrients/9241594012/en/
Yet, the collaborating partners for these case studies determined
that very little information was available on how fortification
monitoring operates in real-world settings. The case studies
consequently looked at the strengths and challenges of actual
monitoring systems in three regions.
Rigorous internal monitoring was one of the few things the
countries had in common. Among the highlights from the other
types of monitoring are:
Chile has the most comprehensive external monitoring plan in
which government regulators conduct a strategically planned
and financed program. The program focuses on the point of
production and on-site warehouses with some review of the
mills internal records of fortification monitoring. Warnings
and sanctions are issued if flour samples are non-compliant
in two or more micronutrients. Results of Chiles monitoring
activities are published annually on the Ministry of Health
website.
Indonesia has the most extensive commercial monitoring
program as it concentrates efforts on the retail sector.
Commercial monitoring assesses whether flour being sold at
retail establishments is properly fortified.
Indonesia is the only country of the three studied with
significant amounts of imported flour. All premix shipments
require a Certificate of Analysis at Customs, but a lack of
laboratory resources and funding restrict regular monitoring of
imported flour.
Chile is the only country of the three studied with a household
and individual monitoring aspect of the fortification program.
This determines whether fortified flour is available and being
used by specific population groups.
All three countries have some health impact evaluation
component, which determines whether the nutritional goals of
the program are being met. Some of the impact evaluations are
Ramadan Deliu, Head of Laboratory at M & Sillosi

Milling Company in Kosovo, prepares flour for an iron
spot test. Photo credit: Kate Wheeler
conducted through non-governmental special projects. This

information can be used to improve fortification to achieve the
maximum health benefits. For example, the Republic of South
Africa is using its impact evaluation to reconsider the levels
and type of iron used in fortification.
While the case studies reviewed all aspects of monitoring, not
all components are needed for every flour fortification program.

Commercial monitoring of packaged flour may not be needed, for
example, if most flour is distributed to bakeries rather than sold at
retail outlets. And import monitoring may not be needed if most
flour is domestically produced.
Ideally fortification monitoring programs are created by
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February 2015 | 33
CASE STUDIES
A number of case studies that support this article are
available online:
Chile: www.ffinetwork.org
/monitor/Documents/ChileCS.pdf
Indonesia: www.ffinetwork.org
/monitor/Documents/IndonesiaCS.pdf
South Africa: www.ffinetwork.org

/monitor/Documents/SouthAfricaCS.pdf
multiple-sector stakeholders who consider the countrys capacity
to measure the programs performance. The stakeholders can
evaluate the human, technical, and financial requirements for
effective monitoring then design a fortification program with the

resources needed to implement a monitoring program.
In most cases, however, it is logical for national fortification
programs to include at least internal and external monitoring,
Pachn said. Internal monitoring at the production site identifies
and resolves issues quickly before problems become widespread.
Since flour milling is typically a centralised industry, external
monitoring of a smaller number of mills is usually more
practical than commercial monitoring of thousands of retail
establishments.
As the next step, collaborating partners reviewed the case
studies to identify key components for successful monitoring
programs. This led to several questions that are being asked of all
countries that legislate fortification of wheat flour, maize, flour,
and/or rice. The questions include:
Is there a national committee that oversees the flour
fortification program?
Are rules and operating procedures by national authorities
for external monitoring, commercial monitoring and import
monitoring of flour fortification stipulated in a document?
Has a national report on the status of wheat flour fortification
monitoring and compliance been compiled?
Has an impact evaluation of the wheat flour fortification
program been completed?
This information will be added to FFIs database on global
fortification progress and become a resource for countries
wanting to design or improve fortification monitoring programs.
A good example of a well-designed evaluation is an effectiveness
evaluation of the food fortification program in Costa Rica. The
study, published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
in November 2014, indicates that fortification is the
plausible cause of improved iron status and reduced
anemia there.
Costa Rica had been using reduced iron in wheat
flour; however, it is not an effective iron compound for
fortification. In 2002, the fortification standard for wheat
flour was changed to include ferrous fumarate. Also,
ferrous bisglycinate was added to maize flour in 1999
and to liquid and powdered milk in 2001. The study used
national surveys and sentinel sites before and after those
years to gather baseline and follow up data. Authors
also gathered monitoring data and found that foods were
fortified as mandated.
The results showed that anemia declined in women
(from 18.4 percent to 10.2 percent) and children (from
19.3 percent to 4.0 percent). Fortification of milk and
wheat flour provided about half the estimated average
requirement for iron in children. In children, iron
deficiency declined from 26.9 percent to 6.8 percent,
and iron deficiency anemia, which was 6.2 percent at
baseline, could no longer be detected at the follow up
assessment.
FFI has traditionally tracked the number of countries
with legislation to fortify wheat flour. In 2004, 33
countries had documented national regulations for
adding essential vitamins and minerals to wheat flour. By
31 December 2014, 81 countries had such legislation, 12
countries included maize, and six countries required rice
fortification.
While the increase in legislation is progress,
fortification must be well implemented and monitored
for it to have the desired health impact. The industrys
role in internal monitoring, as documented in these case
studies, is a positive step toward that goal.
Celebrating the
90th anniversary
of Mhlenchemie
Mhlenchemie
we never sleep.
As the international market leader in flour im
provement and flour fortification, Mhlenchemie
operates in over 100 countries worldwide. Our
branches in Germany, Singapore, Brazil, China,
India, Mexico, Russia and Poland advise our
customers on the spot and collaborate closely
with our own laboratories and trial bakeries,
of which we have several around the globe.
So when the staff of our facility in Wujiang, near
Shanghai, make their way home at the end of
the day, work has already started in Mexico
City and of course noone turns the light off
before an individual solution has been found
for each of our customers.
Flour improvement
Flour standardization
Fortification with vitamins
and minerals
Flour analysis
Applications services
Metering equipment
for micro-ingredients
German Quality made by Mhlenchemie.
A member of the SternWywiol Gruppe
info@muehlenchemie.de
www.muehlenchemie.de
STORAGE
MOISTURE
CONTROL
IN STORAGE
entall Rowlands Storage Systems

Limited is a leading UK manufacturer
in complete storage and processing
equipment solutions for the
agricultural and industrial markets.
We offer a wide range of galvanised
steel silos and hoppers, water tanks,
catwalks and platforms, material
handling equipment, cleaning and
grading and weighing and drying systems that are assembled
worldwide.
With the capabilities to design, manufacture, supply, and install
storage systems from an extensive range of products, we provide
a comprehensive end-to-end solution, which can be designed to
any specific clients requirements.
We have designed and installed silos worldwide in countries
that include the UK, Kenya, Thailand, Holland, France, Germany,
Ukraine, Malawi, New Zealand and many more.
Kevin Groom, Technical Director says, Our storage systems
are individually designed for all clients. Each project has a
bespoke design that is sure to match, if not exceed clients
expectations. We are extremely proud of the projects that we have
undertaken in these geographically challenged areas, proving
that whatever the specification, we are sure to provide the most
suitable design necessary.
by Louise Smith and Nick Carter, Bentall Rowlands, UK
Moisture levels and consequences
Getting the moisture levels right in a silo can be challenging but

it is essential that the target level is reached within the shortest
possible time. If this does not occur, the results would be the
formation of mycotoxin and quality degradation. The main causes
of spoilage in stored grain are fungi, insects and mites.
Fungi is one of the main consequences of a variety of different

moisture contents and temperatures stored in grain. In order to
control this, a principal method known as drying and cooling
needs to be put in place. No storage fungi will grow below a
moisture content of 14.5 percent but they do continue to grow
STORAGE
slowly at near 0C. This means that cooling alone is not sufficient
but the lower the temperature, the slower the rate of growth.
Another nuisance is storage mites which breed rapidly under
favourable conditions and will cause direct damage to the grain
by hollowing out oilseeds or eating the germ. Physical control
methods are used for mites. If the grain is dried to 14.5 percent
moisture content then the mites are unable to breed. If you
cool the grain to 5C, this can also help to prevent the build up
of them. However, if you are storing oilseed rape, this is less
susceptible to insect attack than cereals.
This will protect the grain bulk, but during winter, the moisture
content on the surface of the grain may increase, meaning that
mites can become a problem in the surface layer.
A final problem relating to moisture control is insect presence
and infestation problems. These can occur where bad hygiene is
present. Good store hygiene is therefore an important first step in
eliminating these pests. Both the building structure and the stored
grain should be monitored using traps. Traps within the grain
bulk should be positioned approximately 5 10cm below the
surface to monitor any insect species with different behaviours.
Stores should be thoroughly cleaned prior to the intake of
product. It is extremely important for eliminating any sources
of contamination from storage fungi, insects and mites. Store
preparation is a key stage in ensuring the safe storage of grain.
Whether the grain is being stored temporarily, or for a longer
period of time, this is a necessary step that needs to be followed.
Good store preparation needs to work in conjunction with
obtaining and maintaining the target temperature and moisture
content. This will ensure the safe storage of grain.
There are a number of key features of a good grain store,
including:
Proofed against rodent and
Clean
bird entry
Dry
Watertight roof
Well ventilated
No physical contaminants
Correctly functioning
Secure
equipment
How best to store your grain
A steel grain storage silo is a fully bolted vessel and while not
being airtight they are water-tight. On all the joints, sidewall and
roof, a sealing mastic is used to prevent against the ingress of
water. The roof sheets overhang the eaves to ensure snow and
rain cannot gain access. At the peak of the silo the roof sheets fit
under the collar or petal and are sealed with blanking plates. As a
manufacturer of silos we will give advice on how to seal the silo
at base level.
All of these design features, tried and tested, over many years
of product development are in place to stop the external moisture
from reaching the grain. The level of moisture and temperature
of grain in a storage silo comes from good housekeeping. It
is very important that the operators of storage systems, both
on-farm and industrial stores understand the levels required to
maintain the quality of the grain being stored.
There are a number of good technical papers available and it is
good working practice to re-view. As the grain comes into the
system it is important to know the level of moisture. From this
the operator will know if the grain will require drying. There are
many forms of grain dryers such as in-bin systems or continues
mixed flow. The in-bin systems tend to use gas as a fuel and can
be limited on the hourly capacity whereas the mixed flow dryer
can run on gas, fuel oil and solid fuels.
Different types of fungi live at different moisture contents and
temperatures in stored grain; Storage fungi can grow on cereals
from about 14.5 percent moisture content upwards and may cause
heating and loss of germination. Once the grain enters the storage
silo or flat floor storage system it is important that the checking
of grain does not stop. Most modern silos are supplied with
ventilation systems. The concept of these systems is very simple
and has been used for thousands of years.
By passing air through grain it is possible to not only reduce
the temperature of grain but also to reduce the moisture content.
There are two main types of ventilation systems in silos: either a
trench system or full floor. These systems allow low volumes of
air to be pushed into the silo with a ventilation fan either Axial or
Centrifugal.
The fans are connected to either the silo base for a trench
system or to the silo sidewall for a full floor system. The
pressurised air then moves up through the grain and thus lowers
the temperature of the grain. This action will also cool air dry the
grain and lowers its moisture content. Within the silo it is possible
to have a number of temperature monitoring cables. These cables
have a series of sensors which will measure the temperature of
the grain in a given area. The system will allow the operator to
see what is happening within the silo.
As the air moves through the grain it will evaporate water from
the grain, helping to reduce the moisture content of the grain. The
moisture, which has been absorbed by the air, then passes into the
open roof area of the silo. It is important with silos to ensure that
there is good free air movement around this area. This will allow
the moisture-laden air to simply vent to the atmosphere. The
design of the roof vent is very important. Not only should it allow
good airflow but must stop birds, rodents, snow and rain getting
in. As you can see from the photograph this vent is designed for
free movement of air but by being triangular it prevents rubbish
collecting around its face. This is a common problem with roof
vents and you can see areas of rust building up in this area.
Another way to ensure good airflow around the internal open
area is to use roof exhaust fans. These are used to equalise the
temperature of the air within the internal area and atmosphere. By
using the design shown in the photograph they can easily be reached
for maintenance or to be closed when using a fumigation system.
On our range of silos we use a dimpled eave-retaining clip. This
clip gives a 2mm gap between the roof sheets and the sidewall
sheets. Tucked well under the eaves it is designed not only to help
with air movement around the internal area but also to allow any
beads of condensation which may have formed on the inside of
the roof structure to simply run off.
www.bentallrowlands.com
CIMBRIA.COM
GROWING INTO
THE FUTURE
TAKING CARE
ADDING VALUE
SOLUTIONS FOR HANDLING
AND STORAGE OF
GRAIN AND SEED
Cimbria develops and manufactures an
entire range of equipment and solutions
for seed processing.
Thorough technical engineering experience
and in-depth product knowledge enable
us to supply solutions for cleaning, grading
and treatment of various seed and grain
products.
Special focus is kept on effective sorting
and cleaning, gentle handling, crop-purity,
safe and dust-free operation and low
running costs.
CIMBRIA UNIGRAIN A/S

Praestejorden 6 | DK-7700 Thisted
Phone: +45 96 17 90 00
E-mail: unigrain@cimbria.com
CONVEYING | DRYING | SEED PROCESSING | ELECTRONIC SORTING | STORAGE | TURNKEY
STORAGE
Storage project
Grain handling equipment upgrades at Strawsons Farms
by David Perry, Managing Director of Perry of Oakley Ltd, UK
n 1998 Strawsons Farms, Louth, installed a range of 30

tonnes per hour (tph) and 60 tph grain handling equipment
from Perry of Oakley Ltd and a 20tph drier. More recently
Mr Strawson has found this system had not been able to keep
up with the amount of grain he is now producing on the farm, and
so made the decision to upgrade his drier and handling equipment.
Each year Mr Strawson may need to dry up to 6000 tonnes which
will be a combination of wheat, barley, oilseed rape and beans.
It was decided the 20tph drier would be changed to a Perry
50tph M611 drier and the handling equipment was upgraded to
the 100tph Perry heavy-duty agricultural range of conveyors and
elevators along with re-using one of the existing Perry conveyors.
The heavy duty agricultural range (from 60tph to 120tph) is a
mid range specification that bridges the gap between the lower
capacity agricultural range (from 8tph to 60tph) and the high
capacity industrial range of products (from 60tph up to 600tph).
All Perry machinery is designed and manufactured in house and
has an all bolted and riveted construction with heavy-duty dimple
form countersunk joint for high mechanical strength. The heavyduty agricultural range is suitable for a throughput up to 30,000
tonnes per annum.
The new handling equipment at Strawsons Farms incorporates
a 100tph curved combination conveyor, two 100tph store filling
conveyors, a 100tph flow and return conveyor & two 100tph
single lift elevators. Mr Strawson was happy to use Perry
handling equipment again as it had performed well on the original
installation and found it straightforward to use & maintain.
The drying process starts with product being tipped into an
existing pit which feeds a 300mm intake screw that was already
installed at the farm. The product is then picked up by a 14.45m
100tph elevator which then routes the product to either the drier
via a 9.1m flow and return conveyor, or feeds the product to an
8.5m 100tph conveyor which is connected to a 27.5m 100tph
15 curve combination conveyor. The system was designed and

drawn by Perrys Area Sales Manager which is a service available
to all our customers. We help our customers design a solution for
their needs using our over 60 years of grain handling and drying
experience.
The curve combination conveyor is made up using Perrys
market leading horizontal conveyor and flight elevator designs.
Each conveyor that leaves the factory has been tailored to suit
the customers needs, with a wide range of optional extras and
heavy duty construction Perrys will be able to fill any customers
requirements.
The curve runs along the line of the roof giving more vertical
storage height. Coming off of the curved conveyor are two
existing Perry conveyors that were uprated to cope with the
increased required capacity, these deposit the product to the
back of the store, allowing the store to be filled to its maximum
potential. If the product has been routed through the Perry drier the
shutter discharge deposits the product into another 8.5m 100tph
conveyor and is then moved up to the curve combination conveyor
via a 10.55m 100tph elevator.
Perrys agricultural and heavy duty agricultural range of
elevators are fitted with low stretch, oil resistant EP nitrile rubber
belting as standard and have slatted pulleys to help reduce
the build-up of material on the pulleys. Along with a durable
galvanised steel finish the elevators have been designed to offer a
high specification machine at an affordable price.
When the drier is operated at 125C it is capable of a throughput
of 48.5tph (based on dry wheat at 750kg/m), it stands at just over
10m tall by 6m wide. This gives the drier a holding capacity of
51 tonnes. All Perry driers designed and manufactured to BS6399
for wind loading & BS5950 for structural strength, the drier has
been designed to be as efficient and long lasting as possible.
Perry has a dedicated research and development drier that allows
them to constantly update their technology and understanding

of their driers. All Perry driers have a reliable pneumatic shutter
discharge system.
Mr Strawsons new M611 drier is fitted with Perrys new Light
Grain & Chaff Recovery System (LGCRS). The LGCRS is a
pneumatically operated system that is installed at the base of the
exhaust plenum. It has been designed to help reduce the build up
of dust, chaff & light seeds in the exhaust plenum by periodically
discharging any product that may have been drawn, by the fans,
from the grain column and puts it back with the main grain flow.
This is an optional extra that can be fitted to new Perry driers and
it can be retrofitted to existing Perry driers that have been fitted
with shutter discharges.
The whole system is controlled using the Perrys PLC drier and
plant control panel. The 12 inch touchscreen PLC panel has been
designed and programmed by Perry engineers and is capable of
controlling up to 10 machines as standard along with the drier.
The panel displays a mimic of the complete store as well as

having multiple automatic and manual routes available. In the
drier control section alone there are over 70 alarms and messages,
making drier operation easy to understand.
Another impressive feature of the drier panel is its ability to
calculate and set the parameters needed for the target moisture
content when the crop type and intake moisture content is
specified. There is also no need to babysit the drier as the panel
can send live status updates via email or text to designated
addresses and numbers. It can also be controlled remotely from any
computer, allowing Perry staff to offer remote support to any drier.
Mr Strawson said: Having used Perry handling equipment
previously I was happy to upgrade to the Perry heavy duty
agricultural range of machinery. The drier is performing well and
the LGCRS saves me time, as I dont have to empty the exhaust
plenum as often. The PLC Panel is easy to use and overall we are
very happy with our installation.
February 2015 | 41
STORAGE
Grain conveyors:
examining this important piece of equipment
by Mark Spillum, Hi Roller, US
Hi Roller Conveyors, Sioux Falls, South Dakota,

specialises in the design and manufacturing of
enclosed belt conveyors for grain and grain byproducts.
t is well known that grain dust is very dangerous.

Not only is it a health hazard for workers, it is
also a serious explosion hazard. Even with this
knowledge, tragedies occur yearly resulting in down
time, property damage, injuries, and even deaths.
Although there are many methods of conveying
grain, open belt conveyors had historically been
the primary choice for moving large volumes or
for conveying long distances. Alternative enclosed
methods such as chain conveyors or screw conveyors have
limitations in regards to length and capacities due to power
consumption and other design constraints.
Outweighing the advantages of open belt conveyors are the
many negatives. They can be messy. Although the majority
of outdoor installations include covers, they are still exposed
to wind and the elements resulting in dust clouds and spillage.
Indoor installations create a health and safety hazard if dust is
not contained. The cost of proper dust collection equipment and
associated maintenance can be high. Product spillage results in
lost profits and requires additional employees to perform clean
up. While cleaning around open belt conveyors, employees are
exposed to the hazardous dust and can become injured working

around moving parts.
As a contractor serving the grain industry in the 1970s, Hi
Rollers founder felt that there had to be a cleaner, safer, more
efficient way to convey grain. Numerous attempts had been
made to enclose conventional open belt conveyors. Companies
were utilising standard conveyor components and cumbersome
reloading designs to address product spillage issues. Enclosures
were being built around standard conveyor idlers. Product would
build up on idler brackets and other ledges. While containing
dust within the enclosure, they were exposing the explosive grain
dust to the idler bearings. A failed bearing can create heat or a
spark resulting in a fire or an explosion.
The return side of the conveyor belt slid on a steel pan rather
than rollers. Grain that fell to the bottom of the enclosure
was conveyed to the tail end of the conveyor. The reloading
of product at the tail section was attempted by utilising loop
conveyors which incorporated chains, paddles and multiple
gearboxes. If any of these items failed, product could build up
which again created a maintenance or explosion hazard.
The original Hi Roller design was developed nearly 40 years
ago and continues to be the standard of the industry for the clean,
safe conveying of bulk materials. The Hi Roller was designed
with some primary goals in mind.
First, it needed to be totally enclosed. Second, there were to be
no internal brackets or ledges that would allow product to build
up. Third, it needed to be self-cleaning and self-reloading. Fourth
and most importantly, there could be no bearings exposed to the
internal atmosphere of the conveyor. In order to accomplish all of
the above, innovate conveyor components needed to be used.
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The Hi Roller conveyor utilises a spool-shaped idler to support

the conveyor belt in a troughed configuration. A heavy pipe runs
through the center of the idler providing its support. Inserted in
to either end of the pipe is a stub shaft. The stub shafts protrude
through the sides of the enclosure and attach to externally
mounted bearings. This design keeps the bearings away from the
dust and eliminates any internal idler support brackets that would
allow dust build-up.
The conveyor belt returns on an antistatic UHMW return liner.
The return liner has a low coefficient of friction so that power
requirements are not increased significantly versus return rollers.
A bottom enclosure cannot simply be installed under standard
return rollers. Product would build up on the pan and eventually
prevent return rollers from rotating. The slide return is a crucial
feature for enclosed belt conveyors.
Dust and spilled product fall on to the return side of the belt and
is conveyed to the infeed or tail section of the conveyor. Dust that
clings to the carrying surface of the belt is swept to the same area
by a row of wiper cleats that are attached to the carrying surface
of the belt. With every belt revolution the wiper cleats continually
clean the UHMW return liner, preventing product build-up.
Once at the tail section, product is automatically reloaded back
on to the carrying surface of the belt. This is accomplished by
the use of a reloading tail pulley, developed and patented by Hi
Roller. Material is diverted to the outer edges of the tail pulley
which has reloading flippers attached. As the pulley rotates,
material is picked up and thrown against a stationary deflector,
which directs material back on to the belt.
Today, Hi Roller offers a variety of conveyor styles to handle
capacities ranging from 50 to 3800 metric ton per hour of grain.
The original Hi Roller model uses a spool shaped idler design

as previously described. The patented Hi Life model utilises 3
idlers that rotate independently of each other. While resembling
the profile of a conventional open belt conveyor idler, all bearings
are isolated from the internal atmosphere of the conveyor.
The idler is completely supported by the conveyor sidewalls
eliminating any internal support brackets. The Hi Life idler
design provides a deeper trough and longer idler and belt life.
Hi Roller conveyors are commonly used within tunnels for
unloading various types of storage structures. They are also used
under truck receiving pits and incorporate multiple opening
control gates often referred to as ladder gates. Seldom will you
find an open belt conveyor in such applications for the many
reasons described previously.
Other uses include processing plant feed conveyors due to

their 24/7 usage. Storage silos are filled by utilising cascading
enclosed belt conveyors with built-in 2-way discharge valves. A
single enclosed belt conveyor can accomplish the same utilising
stationary intermediate discharge trippers. High capacity enclosed
belt conveyors are also used to fill rail cars, barges, and ships. Hi
Roller has worked jointly with multiple ship loader suppliers to
incorporate enclosed belts into their systems.
While many grain operations are similar, they all incorporate
various design challenges. Hi Roller prides itself on customising
features to meet a specific application. Hi Rollers design team
provides approval drawings with each sale and works jointly
with the customer to assure the proper design and installation
of the conveyor. Conveyor inlets and discharges are customised
as needed to match up to the customers other equipment.
Complimentary equipment such as control gates, support legs,
and safety devices are incorporated as needed.
Hi Roller has discovered this communication to be an
invaluable source of ideas and information. Improvements on the
life and maintenance of the conveyor belts are often considered
a joint venture with clients. Changes are made to adapt to the
customers existing parameters. Other manufacturers often
expect the customer to adapt the companys standards. Hi
Rollers consistent effort to integrate the needs of the customer
into the design process has proven beneficial to both parties.
This willingness to veer from their standard features is the key to
developing a strong following.
Hi Roller is amidst construction of a new facility in Sioux Falls,
South Dakota. It will house Hi Rollers headquarters including
all office and manufacturing functions. The new facility will
include a powder coat paint line, state-of-the-art manufacturing
equipment and space for future growth. The anticipated
completion date is the summer of 2015.
Hi Roller conveyors are in use worldwide. Hi Roller (www.
hiroller.com) is owned by Canadian-based Ag Growth
International (www.aggrowth.com), which offers a full catalog
of storage and handling solutions. AGI has 11 manufacturing
facilities in Canada, the US, the United Kingdom and Finland.
mikes@hiroller.com
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symaga@symaga.com
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manufacturer obtaining CE Certificate
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RICE MILLING EXPO
06-08th February,
Karnal, India
Stand 8
Offices and Factory:

Ctra. de Arenas km. 2,300
13210 Villarta de San Juan Ciudad Real- Spain
T: +34 926 640 475 F: +34 926 640 294
Madrid Office:
C/ Azcona, 37 28028 Madrid - Spain
T: +34 91 726 43 04 F: +34 91 361 15 94
RICE TECH EXPO
13-15th February,
Warrangal, India
Stand ASP-51
GRAIN TECH MIDDLE EAST
23-25th February,
Cairo, Egypt
Hall 19
F CASE STUDY
CASE STUDY
Kennedy Rice
constructs rice
processing facility
Opened in September 2012 with the
capacity to process up to 136,000
tonnes of rough rice per year, the
Kennedy rice mill took two years to
build and cost over 6.2 million.
ccording to the US Department of

Agriculture (USDA), the total 2012
US rice harvest is estimated at 8.9
million tonnes. The vast majority
of this crop comes from six states
Arkansas, California, Louisiana,
Mississippi, Missouri and Texas an
estimated 2.1 million tonnes, or about
24 percent, from Louisiana alone.
Because the Louisiana harvest takes place primarily over two
months, it places a huge demand on the areas processing capacity.
Any delay in moving the processed rice to market can result in
severe cash flow problems for growers. To deal with this peak
demand, Kennedy Rice, one of the largest growers in Louisiana,
has constructed a new rice processing facility to convert freshly
harvested and dried grain, known as rough rice, into polished white
rice ready for sale to customers.
Opened in September 2012 with the capacity to process up to
136,000 tonnes of rough rice per year, the facility took about
two years to build and cost over UK6.2 million. The Kennedy
rice mill fills orders as they are received rather than stockpiling
polished white rice in a warehouse. Ninety-five percent of the
finished product is shipped in bulk by rail or barge, but a growing
amount of it is packaged in 907kg bulk bags which the company
fills using a Twin-Centrepost bulk bag filler from Flexicon.
Bulk bags filled in response to orders
We usually try to complete bulk bag orders two to three days in

advance. The bulk bag filler is located in the warehouse, so filled
bags do not need to be moved until they are ready to be shipped,
says Marley Oldham, plant manager.
Since we only recently began offering polished white rice

in bulk bags, they account for a small percentage of our total
production, explains Mr Oldham. We expect demand to increase
significantly, however, and our bulk bag filler is designed to meet
our future requirements.
The polished white rice to be packaged in bulk bags is aspirated
to remove dust particles before being fed into a 2m high, 2.3m3
capacity hopper mounted above the bulk bag filler. The rice flows
from the hopper through a dome valve and 25.4cm dia flexible
downspouting into the bulk bag suspended above the deck of the
Model BFL-CFHW-X Twin-Centrepost Bulk Bag Filler.
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F CASE STUDY
Bulk bag filler designed for automatic operation
Plant air inflates the 1.3 m high bag for filling while an
inflatable collar on the fill head holds and seals the bag spout.
A filtered air vent at the fill head assures dust-free delivery of
material to the bulk bag while providing a simple way to allow
displaced air to exit the bag.
Except for manually connecting the bag spout to the inflatable
collar, the process is automated by a programmable logic
controller (PLC). Load cells beneath the pallet deck send
signals to the PLC, which automatically stops the flow of rice by
closing the dome valve when the bag reaches its target weight.
The operator only needs to pull the bag spout off the inflatable
collar and tie it closed. The filled bag and pallet are removed by
forklift. Connecting, filling and disconnecting a bag takes only
about three minutes altogether, says Mr. Oldham.
Flexicons representative, Robert K. Wilson & Associates of
Houston, Texas, worked with Flexicons engineering department
to evaluate our needs and determine equipment specifications,
and then helped supervise installation and startup, continues
Oldham.
This new facility has created over 20 permanent local
jobs, says Elton Kennedy, who along with his daughter,
Meryl, oversaw design and construction of the mill. It also
gives regional producers another outlet for their rice crops
with lower transportation costs and a faster return on their
investment.
Inside the Mill: The Rice Polishing Process
Freshly harvested rice, known as paddy rice, is dried and

shipped with hulls and bran intact to the Kennedy rice mill.
This rough rice is temporarily staged in receiving tanks from
which samples are taken and sent to the lab where they are
graded for quality and checked for insect infestation and
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other contaminants. Once the rice has been catalogued by lab

analysis, it is cleaned to remove insect shells, sticks, stones,
mud, metals and other debris.
Milling removes the husk and bran layers, leaving the edible
white rice kernel, free of impurities. Sheller machines first
remove the hull, leaving brown rice in which bran layers
still surround the kernel. Then milling machines rub the grains
together under pressure, revealing white, or polished, rice,
which is sorted into three different sizes.
Rice comprised of the largest kernels is called Head Rice,
while rice containing the second largest kernels is called
Second Head. Rice containing the smallest size kernels is
called Brewers Rice because, historically, it went into brewing
alcoholic beverages. After being sorted by size, the rice is then
sorted by colour to remove grains with insect damage, stains and
other imperfections.
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February 2015 | 51
Feed formulation and nutrition focus

by Elena Forbes, Azeus Machinery co ltd, China
he main feedstuffs fed to cattle include:

grass, hay, grain, silage and total mixed ration.
There are in fact, many types of feeds that can be
fed to cattle, for example, crumbles, meals, coarse
mix and pellets made from raw material such as corn,
wheat, soybean. In this article, Elena Forbes of Azeus Machinery
takes a closer look at the processes involved in creating a good quality
pellet. With the global demand for cattle feed ever increasing, the need
to produce high quality and nutritionally balanced feed has become an
essential issue in the feed market.
What are the advantages of pelleted cattle feed?
Raisers have been using pellets for decades to feed their cattle.
Compared with other kinds of feed-stuff, a good quality pellet actually
offers a lot of benefits to the raisers such as decreased eating periods,
improved palatability, less segregation in the feed and reduced waste.
First of all, pelleted feeds take up significantly less storage space,
particularly in the case of pelleted hay products. A ton of baled hay can
take up 200 to 330 cubic feet of storage space in a barn; a ton of hay
pellets or cubes requires only 60 to 70 cubic feet.
Secondly, compared to other types of feed, they are very low in dust.
Compete pelleted feeds can include not only grains, but also vitamins
and other supplements. Manufacturers have created many types of
pelleted mixes to suit all sorts of cattle, no matter their activities. Almost
no commercial feed ration is left untouched by the pelleting process - sift
through a prepared sweet feed with your fingers, and youll discover a
smattering of pellets mixed in with the oats and corn and other grains.
That pellet generally contains a vitamin/mineral supplement for the
ration, bound up with a fibre source such as dehydrated alfalfa.
Moreover, cattle consume feed pellets more readily and rapidly when
compared to other forms of cattle food. Furthermore, the pellets produce
less waste as mentioned above making it a very economical method to
feed dairy animals as well. This is especially important for small raisers for
whom every penny counts. Similarly, the waste reduction also helps raisers
a lot during the droughts because they will have to spend less amount of
money feeding cattle. Pellets also improve the palatability of the cattle feed.
Finally, it is always good to feed pelleted concentrates to the cattle.
There is nothing wrong in doing so; rather it is a beneficial and fruitful
method of feeding cattle.
Demand for cattle feed pellets in the global market place
With the increasing awareness among people towards safety and quality
of beef choosing high quality and nutritionally well-balanced feed is
essential in order to promote cattle feeding standards.
Cattle feed pellets being made from corn, wheat bran, rice, sorghum, and
beans, appears to be the obvious choice, as it decreases feed wastage, has
high bulk density and better material handling characteristics. Pelleted cattle
feed prevents selective feeding on preferable ingredients in a formulation.
The cattle feed

pelleting Process:
a comprehensive
overview
Stage one: cattle feed grinding
Material is held in the grinding chamber until it is reduced to

the size of the openings in the screen. The number and size of
hammers on a rotating shaft, arrangement, sharpness, the speed
of rotation, wear patterns, and clearance at the tip relative to the
screen or striking plate are essential variables relating to grinding
capacity and the appearance of the product. Impact grinding is
most efficient with dry, low-fat ingredients, although many other
materials may be reduced in size by proper screen selection and
regulated intake.
Stage two: cattle feed mixing
Feed mixing may include all possible combinations of solids and

liquids. Mixing is recognised as an empirical unit operation, which
means that it is more of an art than a science and must be learned
by experience.
Three mechanisms are involved in the feed mixing process:
a. The transfer of groups of adjacent particles from one location in
the mass to another
b. Diffusion distribution of particles over a freshly developed
surface
c. Shear slipping of particles between others in the mass.
Stage 3: cattle feed pelleting
The goal in any feed pelleting operation is to produce good quality

pellets while simultaneously maintaining an acceptable production
rate at minimum cost.
There are many factors being involved in making a good pellet,
such as material density, source of supply, ingredient quality,
Cattle feed formulas

- Cattle require adequate
levels of protein, energy,

vitamins and minerals
in their diet, which will
vary according to each
animals age, size, weight
and stage of reproduction.
Thus, design of feed
formula should be based
on the cattle raisers own
requirements.
F
Formula 1 - dairy cattle feed
Formula 1 - calf feed

Ingredients
Ingredients
Ripe-bean cake
40
Wheat bran
15
Corn
22
Oyster meal
2.0
Sorghum
20
Salt
1.0
Formula 2 - calf feed

Ingredients Dosage/g
Ripe-bean cake
19
Wheat bran
29
Corn
48
Oyster meal
2.5
Salt
15
Ingredients
Bran
17
Corn germ dross
4.0
Corn
10
Dry hay
9.0
Soybean curb
residue
15
Sorghum
Tips: the average daily weight gain of 6 months old

calves is 549g; 12 months calves have a weight of
286kg; 18 months old calves have a weight of 380kg
Ingredients Dosage/g
Ingredients
Tips: the average daily weight gain of 6 months old

calves is 607g; 12 months old calves have a weight of
273kg, 18 months old calves have a weight of 360kg
Bean cake
4.5
Corn silage
Oyster extract
1.5
32
-
Tips: averagely daily milk production is 17.52kg, annual

production is 6200kg
Formula 2 - dairy cattle feed

Ingredients
Dosage/g
Ingredients
Dosage/g
Corn
49.5
Zinc oxide
0.3
Wheat bran
32.9
Cobaltous sulfate
0.043
Bean cake
16.5
Sodium selenite
0.044
1.1
Potassium iodide
0.017
Calcium
hydrophosphate
Tips: supply 9kg concentrated feed one day; the expected daily
milk yield is 18.12kg and the feed/milk ratio is 0.5:1.
The purpose of cooling is to remove heat and moisture after the

pelleting process. A pellet is in its most fragile state as it leaves
the die. It has been formed but is a soft plastic, easily deformed
product at this time. Every endeavor should be made to handle this
product as gently as possible until it is cooled, dried and hardened.
From a system standpoint, the pellet should drop directly from the
pellet mill into the cooler, since any type of mechanical handling
will generate fines.
Stage five: Pellet Crushing
Crushing is an important part in thefeed pellet line. By crushing,

large feed pellets can be divided into different particle sizes in the
certain range. Crushing has a direct impact on both the cost and
the nutrition of feed pellets.
Cooled pellets may be ground on
corrugated rolls and the resulting
product sifted into various sizes
of granules. The specifications of
cattle feed pellets are usually as
follows:
Diameter: 3-5mm
Length:15-20mm
Fieramilano, Milan - Italy

19 - 23 May 2015
Opening time: 10.00 am - 5.00 pm

Entrances: East, South, West Gates
Pre-register on
www.ipack-ima.com
Being part
of innovation.
The future is IPACK-IMA 2015 the most comprehensive, valuable showcase for the food and non-food
supply chain. The global standard-setting exhibition for the Grain Based Food industry and the place to be for
health & personal care, chemicals and industrial goods. An innovative meeting place for the fresh food and
distribution sector.
A great exhibition of the worlds top production.
An unparalleled, integrated, synergic collection of technology and innovations for processing, packaging,
converting and logistics, the extraordinary conjunction with the Expo 2015,
a great not-to-miss event.
Be sure to be there.
Co-located with:
Stage four: cattle feed pellet cooling
Since all ingredients have been moulded together, cattle must eat a balanced
formulation, minimising waste and improving feed conversion.
Capitalising on the growth trend in the global cattle feed pellet
market, some leading companies are rushing into the development and
manufacturing of feed pellets. The increasing demand for cattle feed pellets
is prompting the global players to turn their attention to feed pellet products
in order to meet growing needs.
Connected events:
protein content, temperature, moisture, die specifications and

pellet mill operation.
Incoming raw material flows into the feeder and (when
conditioning is required) is delivered uniformly into the
conditioner for the controlled addition of steam and/or liquids.
From the conditioner, the feed is discharged over a permanent
magnet and into a feed spout leading to the pellet die. Interelevator flights in the die cover feed the material evenly to each
of the 2 rolls. Feed distributor flights distribute the material across
the face of the die. Friction drive rolls force the material through
holes in the dies as the die revolves. Cut-off knives mounted on
the swing cover cut the pellets as they are extruded from the die.
The pellets fall through the discharge opening in the swing door.
POWERED BY
FIERA MILANO AND
IPACK-IMA
Promoted by:
With the support of:

This event is being covered
by professional packaging
journalists from IPPO
Organized by:
UNITED NATIONS
INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
ORGANIZATION
Ipack-Ima spa - Corso Sempione, 4 - 20154 Milano - Italy

tel +39 023191091 - fax +39 0233619826 - e-mail: ipackima@ipackima.it - www.ipackima.it
February 2015 | 53
MARKETS OUTLOOK
Wheat market absorbs Russian export curbs
by John Buckley
Prior to the export

curbs, Russia was
expected to supply
about 22m tonnes or
14% of the worlds wheat
import needs in 2014/15.
The lions share of this,
about 17-18m tonnes, has
already been shipped,
already more or less
matching Russias
bumper 2013/14 exports
- with half the current
season still to run
GLOBAL wheat markets have spent most of 2015 to date in retreat from a steep run-up in
prices in the final weeks of last year. Many readers may be aware that the main element in
that upturn was the decision by fourth largest exporter Russia to curb the too-rapid flow of its
once-plentiful milling wheat onto world markets at a time when doubts were rising about the
size of its next harvest. As the rouble nosedived with the collapse in value of Russias crude oil
exports and Western sanctions keeping Russian exports cheap - there did seem a real risk, as
the year turned, that too much of its wheat would be snapped up by foreign buyers, leaving its
domestic market short and at risk of escalating costs for that most basic staple, bread. Russia is
also thought to need more wheat and other cereals for animal feed this seaso as it tries to boost
domestic livestock output to replace embargoed meat imports from Europe and the USA.
Mindful that it couldnt simply embargo exports without reneging on its WTO obligations,
Russia initially used various indirect measures to slow them down, led by stricter phytosanitary
(plant health and other rd tape. These certainly put the brakes on trade during the late December/
early January timeslot. However, theyve now been overtaken by the introduction of a more
direct instrument in the form of an export duty, recently equal to around E30/$40 per tonne,
applying from February 1. This has been effective in cutting off further Russian sales in recent
weeks, yet seems to have been absorbed by the markets without less fuss than the earlier indirect
measures.
Prior to the export curbs, Russia was expected to supply about 22m tonnes or 14% of the
worlds wheat import needs in 2014/15. The lions share of this, about 17-18m tonnes, has
already been shipped, already more or less matching Russias bumper 2013/14 exports - with half
the current season still to run.
That partly explains the muted market reaction, despite the latest news that neighbouring
Ukraines government had also agreed voluntary curbs with its exporters on its Feb/Mar wheat
sales. These could be loosened up somewhat if its own winter wheat crop emerges in reasonable
condition from what (for both countries) has been a fairly challenging winter to date (dry start,
poor crop establishment, some snow cover issues raising greater than usual risk of winterkill
etc). However, like Russia, Ukraine has already shipped out the bulk of what it intended to
export during 2014/15 so this doesnt leave a huge gap in the market. At worst, the CIS absence
means the floor price of wheat on world markets is a bit higher than it would have been, had both
continued selling freely (i.e. no longer rock-bottom).
Even if Russian sales fall 2m to 4m tonnes
short of the target 22m this season, there is
no shortage of contenders to take its place.
Top of the list has been the EU, which
has recently seen some of its best weekly
export sales of the season and now seems on
course to match, if not exceed last seasons
record 30m tonne total. It could sell even
more without leaving EU consumers short.
Even after consuming an extra 9m tonnes
in animal feeds, Europe is still expected to
finish with carryover stocks of about 17m
tonnes compared with just 10m when the
season started, thanks to last years massive
domestic crop.
However, what this good clearance of EU
wheat supplies has done, along with the
weakest euro/dollar exchange rate for 11-
years has been to lift internal wheat prices
off the 4-year floor they tumbled onto last September. As we

go to press, the European milling wheat futures market is trading
about 30% over those lows, if still about 9% below its 2014
highs. Feed wheat prices had also dropped with this seasons
larger low/middling grade soft wheat supplies in countries like
France. The UK market has frequently been even weaker than the
Continent due to the relative strength of sterling versus the euro.
While consumers obviously wont cheer any cost increases,
most will probably recognise that farmers who last autumn faced
break-even or loss-making prices have to make a living too, to
ensure continuity of supply.
Summing up, world markets, where the value of wheat is
ultimately made, still appear to be amply supplied for the rest of
2014/15 to end June. The USDAs own global crop estimate has even
risen further since our last review, by about 3m to a new record 723m
tonnes, or about 8m more than last year. USDA has also edged up its
estimate of global wheat consumption although this remains about
10m under production which means end-season carryover stocks rise
by the same amount to a comfortable 196m tonnes about 27.5% of
projected consumption or 14 weeks supply.
These extra stocks provide a cushion against an expected

smaller world wheat crop in 2015. Recent estimates suggest the
negative outlook for Russian and Ukrainian crops will knock
about 10m tonnes off their combined output this summer. That
might be offset somewhat if they plant more spring wheat but that
yields less than winter wheat. There is also much concern about
how both countries will finance their seed and input needs for
these crops (especially the significant imported portion of these)
as their currencies continue to tumble a factor that could take
another bite out of yields.
The EUs own 2015 wheat outlook is a bit of a mixed bag with
some countries apparently sowing a bit less, others more, some
in need of more rain, some at risk of possible frost damage etc.
One recent private estimate suggested output could be about 7m
tonnes down from last years crop based on yields also coming
off last years highs. However, it shouldnt be forgotten, that the
2014 crop was a record one at 155.5m tonnes, 12m more than in
2013 and 22m over 2012 so this would hardly be a disaster.
The USA has also had some weather issues affecting winter
wheat potential, lingering dryness in some areas, frost threats in
others and a general crop rating
below this time last years.
Even so, some analysts expect
a slightly larger crop based on
area increases.
Canadas crop is a bit of an
open book at this stage, the
bulk not sown until the spring
so much depends on weather
then and relative returns from
competing crops like rapeseed.
Current government thiking
there is that overall acreage will
increase by almost 800,000 acres
but the lions share of that gain
will be for duruym rather than
spring breadwheats.
Among the other big suppliers,
Australian and Argentine crops
(technically 2014/15 harvests
but the bulk marketed in 2015)
are both adequate. Australia is
currently expected to export at
least as much as last years 18m
tonnes while the USDA sees
Argentine trade exports soaring
from just 1.6m in 2013/14 to as
much as 6m tonnes. However,
that assumes a less restrictive
export policy, which may an be
optimistic hope, given that the
government has only recently
told exporters they wont get
permits unless they pass on a
fair share of the world prices to
farmers.
That said, the above export
potential is easily enough
to make up for any Russian
shortfall - albeit at a higher price
than if Russia had continued to
sell freely.
But the list doesnt end there.
To these regular exporters can
anything the experts could have imagined, market chatter has

be added other non-traditional potential wheat suppliers. India
begun to question not only the level of discretionary (voluntary)
burdened with huge stocks after three successive large harvests,
blending but the longer term viability of the mandate itself.
wants to export about 2m tonnes while neighbouring Pakistan,
There have even been some moves in Congress to challenge the
more frequently an importer, reportedly plans to put about 3m
mandate although current opinion suggests these are unlikely to
tonnes on world markets.
succeed at this stage.
Finally we should not rule out both Russia and Ukraine
Still, the fundamental question needs to be answered, what
returning to the market as exporters sooner than harvest time.
happens to ethanol demand in the longer term if the green fuel
It has happened before after past embargoes and both will want
cant be produced as cheaply as petrol? No one saw this coming
to do all they can to re-portray themselves as reliable suppliers,
and opinion is unsurprisingly split on how long it will last. Will
once their domestic needs appear to have been safeguarded.
crudes demise contain fracking and reduce less-economical
Overall then, there is nothing much in wheat supply/demand
fossil fuel production and, if so, over what timeframe? The irony
fundamentals to justify price rises and, depending how the CIS
is that US ethanol production was recently running at record
crops shape up, maybe even potential for cheaper wheat. This
levels, buoyed up by the collapse of maize feedstock costs over
isnt yet apparent on the US futures markets where the forward
the past two years.
months carry a small premium. However, European new crop
Whether or not ethanol continues to account for about 40%
wheat is slightly cheaper than current months.
of US corn disposals, supplies of the coarse grain will remain
Maize crop estimate trimmed but still huge
in substantial surplus. Even after trimming the US 2014 crop
Like wheat, maize has been getting cheaper into the New Year
estimate by almost 5m tonnes in January, the USDA still has
after an earlier run-up in prices. The latter move reflected a
production at an all-time record high of 361m tonnes. That
combination of factors including better than expected domestic
and export demand for US maize,
ideas the latters 2014 crop had
been over-rated, forecasts that its
farmers would sow less in 2015
and some dry weather issues
overhanging prospects for the
South American harvests coming
on stream this spring.
Given the way some of these
fundamentals have shifted to a
more bearish slant in early 2015,
it seems mildly surprising that
the US market hasnt come down
more (Its lost about 9% from its
GRINDING
mid-December
DOSING
Probably the biggest
undermining influence has
A TAILOR MADE
been the 60% collapse in the
FEED PRODUCTION
international value of crude oil
PROCESS, DESIGNED
under the weight of the US shale
WITH A CLEAR FOCUS ON:
gas boom and OPECs (mainly
The optimal solution

for your process
Saudis) attempts to make up

in volume what its lost in unit
revenue (and by doing so, maybe
help drive its new competitors
out of business).
Its hard to over-state the impact
that ethanol has had on US maize
disposal and values and, to a
lesser extent total world grain use
in the fuel sector in recent years.
Ten years ago, US annual maize
use in this outlet was a mere 33m
tonnes. This season its expected
to exceed 130m.
When crude oil prices began
their collapse earlier last year,
it was assumed that usage
would remain protected by the
governments legally binding
minimum blending requirement
within the Renewable Fuel
Standard. But as crude prices
continued to fall far beyond
Lowest operational costs

Energy efficiency
Feed safety
MIXING
CONDITIONING
COATING
PELLETING
w w w. a a r s e n . c o m
February 2015 | 57
compares with US consumption of 301m and exports of 44.5m.

The surplus will allow the US to go into 2015/16 season with
48m tonnes of stock versus 31m this season and just 21m the
previous year.
Global maize output is meanwhile estimated at 988m tonnes
about 17m over consumption, resulting in stocks rising by that
amount to 189m. As in the USA, this is the highest stock for
some years. Its moderated somewhat by the fact that over 40% of
it is held in China, whose figures are often considered unreliable
and whose quality is usually thought questionable in comparison
with maize from the other big producers. Nonetheless, the market
must accept that maize on paper/in fact is in loose supply.

In recent weeks, maize markets have also been watching the
weather in South America, which seems to have improved
after a dry start in Brazil and some excess rain and flooding in
Argentina. Some Brazilian private estimates are running about
5m tonnes over the USDAs 75m tonne forecast (down about 4m
on last year). Argentina is expected to produce about 22m versus
last years 25m tonnes.
Although previously up-and-coming exporter Ukraines last
crop was also 4m tonnes lower than the previous years it is still
a big one by historical comparison. Its exports will be down by a
similar amount and have so far been a bit slower than expected.
However, as we go to press, it seems to be stepping up sales and
undercutting the dominant US exporter by about $8 to $10 per
tonne.
US exports have performed quite well so far this season,
underpinning prices on the bellwether Chicago futures market to

some extent. However, with Ukrainian, then Lat-Am competition
expected to pick up later into first quarter 2015 and beyond,
export-based support for US prices will likely diminish. Although
US feed demand is thought to be expanding this season (helped
by lower maize costs amid higher meat prices) it may not be
enough to fend off bearish supply-side pressures if ethanol
demand does weaken.
Further forward, crop analysts have been expecting the US sow
less maize this spring but a predicted shift to soyabeans may be
smaller than earlier thought as soya prices are currently dropping
faster. As always, though, the weather at planting time will have a
huge influence on the mix of crops.
Within the EU, maize demand is expected to edge up by about
1m tonnes to a new peak of 77m but with the domestic crop up
by almost 10m tonnes, Europea consumers will be able to slash
their dependence on imports from 16m to perhaps 6m or 7m
tonnes. With demand from other importers expected to be down
by a similar amount, maize looks more and more like a buyers
than a sellers market. As in the wheat market, then, there is not
much in the fundamentals to support higher prices going forward
- despite US futures markets quoting new crop up to 10% dearer
than current months.
Soya supply glut looms
If Europe were growing more soyabeans, rather than importing
the bulk of its 13.5m tonne crush, meal costs might be falling
with the global trend amid the largest surplus on record.
However, while dollar-quoted meal prices have dropped by about
25% this season, the euro has tumbled to its lowest in 11 years
versus the US currency, keeping prices on the Continent more
expensive than in the autumn of 2014. Even UK consumers
cushioned by relatively stronger sterling versus the euro, are not
doing so well when dollars are turned to pounds, robbing them of
much of the benefit of the sliding US price.
That said, European meal costs are at least being restrained
somewhat by the supply glut and, as the largest ever South
American soya harvests crank up, this could yet exert more
downward price pressure on both sides of the channel.
Most of the increase in this seasons global oilseed and meal
production is in soyabeans, for which world output has recently
been estimated at 314.5m tonnes up by about 2m since our
last review and a hefty 30m tonnes over last years crop. That
increase would equal about 24m tonnes more meal if all were
crushed. In fact, only about half the extra beans will be used for
feed, creating about 11.5m tonne more meal which roughly
equals the expected rise in this seasons global meal demand.
The high end-season stocks of soyabeans (a record 91m tonnes
versus last years 66m and about 55m in the previous two
seasons) provide an ample cushion against any supply shortfalls
from coming soya crops. Over the past two months, weather has
steadily improved for South American oilseed crops, confirming
record output to be marketed over coming months. A weak
Brazilian currency should help ensure good exports from the
major supplier to cash in on the strong dollars in which beans
are traded. Estimates have recently been raised for Argentinas
coming crop, which should ensure very large exports from this
supplier too. Argentina crushes two thirds of its crop to export as
meal, for which it is far and away the worlds largest supplier.
In a couple of months time, the US will start planting its own
soya crop which some analysts think will expand by about 2m
acres to cover a new record area. Even if yields dip from last
years record highs closer to the long-term trend, that would
deliver another mega crop, currently seen around 104/105m
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tonnes below last years record 108m but far more than the
normal 85m/90m tonnes of recent years.
Of course, we have yet to see what weather will accompany
the US sowing and growing season up to September. But if
conditions are normal, it is hard to see how this supply outlook
can point to anything but flat to weaker prices. The futures
markets currently show only small discounts on forward soya
beans and meal. However, some analysts see leeway for bean
prices (already down 37% from last summers highs) to drop by a
further 10-15% under this scenario, As soya is so protein-rich and
usually a reliable quality leader, pricing of other oilmeals will, as
usual, have to broadly follow the soya price trend.
The European feed industry is expected to use about 1m tonnes
more soya meal this season. The rest of the increase is spread
over China (+5m), the USA (+1m), Brazil (+0.4m) and a number
of small/moderate-sized consuming countries.
KEY FACTORS AHEAD
WHEAT
Concern persists over the state of Russian winter sown wheat
crops, a larger percentage than normal described as in poor
condition. A better picture will be available when plants
emerge from dormancy in the spring. The outcome could have
considerable influence on wheat prices going forward at this
stage seen more bullish than bearish.
Ukraine has also had some over-wintering problems tha will
become clearer in a few weeks time. Its massive currency
devaluation during February (in addition to an earlier long
slide) augurs ill for spring crop finance and yields although
maybe it will get some financial help fro western aid packages.
Russia also faces problems of spring crop finance at a time
when it needs to boost sowings on failed winter crop lands.
Crop ratings have continued to deteriorate for US winter wheat
for harvest 2015 but some timely rains could yet allow some
recovery. This has not emerged as a major factor yet because
the most affected crop has been soft red wheat, for which
export demand remains poor amid hefty foreign competition
for this class.
European crops have had a generally unchallenging, mild
winter but lack of hardening off leaves them exposed to frost
damage from late cold snaps.
World stocks of wheat carried into 2015/16 remain hefty, a
cushion against any crop weather problems in the months ahead.
The drop in wheat values close to or, for some farmers below,
cost of production remains an issue that may affect future
sowing plans.
Decent quality premiums will continue to merited for milling/
bread wheats as feed wheat prices remain under pressure from
large, cheap supplies of coarse grains.
Global feed consumption of wheat is still expected to rise by
about 10m tonnes this season but remain below the high levels
of three years ago. But will ethanol use of wheat hold up at
expected levels in Europe under the low oil-price scenario?
COARSE GRAINS
How much maize will the US sow in 2015? Current forecasts
suggest a cutback but still enough for another large crop which,
with large carryover stocks from this season, will keep this
market well-supplied.
Ukrainian and Russia spring sowing of maize may face
financing challenges caused by their lack of access to credit,
weak currencies pushing up imported input prices. A clearer
picrure may be available on this factor within the next couple
of months
Ample maize supplies from Latin America and the CIS
countries will continue to compete at discounts to US exports
in Asia, Europe and other markets, restraining CBOT maize
futures prices and global prices.
The EU has been well supplied with its own maize crop this
season, enabling it to slash imports the main factor in a lower
global maize trade. Will it sow as much for 2015?
Competition for coarse grain customers continues from larger
than usual feed wheat and adequate barley supplies, helping to
contain livestock feeders costs
Will the US ethanol industry continue to use as much maize if
the price of conventional petrol stays down/gets cheaper still?
Declaring its policy to move to a more market-oriented plan,
China could draw down more of its own massive reserve stocks
rather than imports - to fill its ongoing annual gap between
domestic crops and growing consumption. That would removes
a potential bullish influence for world maize export markets
OILMEALS/PROTEINS
Large US and Lat-Am soyabean crop surpluses continue
to offer potential for cheaper global oilmeal costs as 2015
progresses
Lower oilmeal costs and ample supplies may yet spur greater
than expected demand in countries developing livestock
production systems China, India, Indonesia etc. Developed
consumers like the USA may also use more as high meat prices
contribute to profitability.
Rapeseed and sunflower expansions have slowed down or
reversed in the past year but as oil-rich oilseeds these will
have less impact on the meal sector.
One result is that soya will raise its already dominant share
of the protein market. As the high-protein, reliable quality
and most voluminous product, its price trend will have to be
followed across the meal sector.
Wishing the team at
Milling and Grain

the best of luck with the new title ...
... and a
to all of its readers!
from everyone at
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Industry events
2015
n 29 March - 01 April
3rd ICC Latin American Cereal and Grain Conference

and ICC Jubilee Conference - 60 Years of ICC
Expo Unimed Curitiba, Brazil
https://www.icc.or.at/news/3rd_icc_lacc_2015
n 19-22 February
Aquaculture America 2015

Marriotts, New Orleans, USA
http://www.was.org
n 05-07 April
Middle East Aquaculture Forum 2015

DWTC, Dubai, UAE
http://www.meaf.ae
n 21-24 February
GEAPS Exchange 2015

Americas Center St. Louis, USA
http://www.geaps.com
n 23-26 April
Dust Explosions How to demonstrate DSEAR/ATEX

Compliance
The Wolfson Centre, Kent, United Kingdom
http://www.bulksolids.com
n 03-04 March
IV International Agro-technological Conference

Rostov-on-Don, Russia
http://www.grun.ru
n 23-26 April
IDMA 2015 FAIR

Istanbul Fair Center CNR Expo Halls
http://www.idma.com.tr
n 10-12 March
Storage and Discharge of Powders and Bulk Solids

n 04-08 May
119th IAOM International Association of Operative

Millers Annual Conference & Expo
Renaissance Palm Springs Hotel and Palm Springs
Convention Center, Palm Springs, USA
http://www.iaom.info/
n 10-12 March
Global Grain Asia 2015

Shangri La Hotel, Singapore
http://www.globalgrainevents.com
n 11-13 March
n 18-21 May
VIV Russia 2015

Crocus Expo International Exhibition Center Pavilion 2
Halls 7 & 8 65-66 km Moscow Ring Road, P.O.BOX 92,
143402 Moscow area, Krasnogorsk, Russia
http://www.vivrussia.nl/en/Bezoeker.aspx
2015 Purchasing and Ingredient Suppliers Conference

Hyatt Regency Grand Cypress 1 Grand Cypress Blvd
Orlando, USA
http://www.afia.org/afia/home.aspx
n 11-13 March
VIV Asia 2015

BITEC, Bangkok International Trade & Exhibition Centre
88 Bangna-trad Road, Bangna, Prakanong Bangkok
10260 Thailand
http://www.viv.net/en/Portal.aspx
Milling and Grain event:

CropTech-FeedTech - part of VIV Asia
Thursday, March 12, 2015 from 15:30-17:00
http://conta.cc/1zCsKBC
n 16-18 March
n 19-23 May
IPACK IMA 2015

Fieramilano, Rho Milano, Italy
http://www.ipack-ima.it/ita/home
n 26-30 May
World Aquaculture 2015

Jeju Island, Korea
http://www.was.org
n 28-30 May
5th International Grain Tech Expo 2015 - Egypt, Middle

East
Bashundhara Convention Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
http://www.limraexpo.com
AgraME 2015
Dubai International Convention and Exhibition Centre
http://www.agramiddleeast.com
n 16-18 March
AquaME 2015
Dubai International Convention and Exhibition Centre
http://www.agramiddleeast.com/en/Aqua
n 25 March
AquaME 2015
online mobile
millingand
grain.com
n 09-11 June
FIAAP, VICTAM & GRAPAS INTERNATIONAL

Koelnmesse, Cologne, Germany
www.victam.com
Milling and Grain event:

GRAPAS/Global Milling Conference
Thursday June 11, 2015
http://www.gfmt.co.uk/grapas15
MORE EVENT INFO
at the Event Register

international
milling
.com
GEAPS
PREVIEW
the conference is over, attendees and

process grain more effectively.
companions can take part in postBesides serving grain handling and
2015
processing professionals, the Exchange conference events featuring St. Louis
egistration is now open for the
baseball and breweries.
is also an opportunity for students to
Grain Elevator and Processing
To make it as easy as possible for
connect with industry professionals. At
Societys (GEAPS) 86th
Student Day Monday, Feb. 23, students attendees to get to their hotels, GEAPS
Exchange February 21-24 at Americas and accompanying faculty will receive
Exchange 2015 Host Advisory Council
Center in St. Louis, Missouri. The
is providing free MetroLink passes
an overview of the industry from Jim
event features more than 30 hours of
to conference-goers who fly in to
Voigt, JFV Solutions, Inc., before
educational programming, over 350
St. Louis International Airport. The
participating in roundtable discussions
exhibitors in the Expo and several
passes provide complimentary passage
hosted by grain industry leaders and
types of networking opportunities.
downtown, and a downtown trolley ride.
time to network in the Expo Halls.
Registration and a complete schedule
Passes are available on Saturday, Feb.
After attending education sessions
are available on the GEAPS website.
21, from noon-7 p.m., and Sunday, Feb.
and visiting the Expo Hall, attendees
Educational sessions take several forms can connect with peers and suppliers in 22, from 7:30 a.m.-noon from a GEAPS
at the Exchange. They begin Sunday,
the grain industry at several networking welcome kiosk at the baggage claim.
February 22, at 7 a.m. with the Opening
Early registration for Exchange
events. During the Exchange attendees
Workshop, Electrical Safety for Grain
guests can take advantage of the
2015 is open until Friday, Jan. 23, and
Processing Facilities, presented by
Companion Program, providing several provides a 25 percent discount off the
28/10/14
09:46 Page
1 registration fee.
Doug Forst, CMC Industrial Electronics F/V/G(Island):2015
on-site
entertaining tours across
the city. Once
Ltd.; Josh Mulder, Power System
Engineering, Inc.; and Mark
Wirfs, R&W Engineering. After
the workshop, 13 companies will
showcase new products and ideas
that benefit the grain industry during
the Idea Exchange at 10:30 a.m.
The conference education
program includes 20 hour-long
individual education sessions
on facility operations, grain
handling equipment, grain quality
management, human resources,
safety, property risk management
and other topics Monday, Feb. 23
and Tuesday, Feb. 24. The Exchange
also features 12 educational Expo
Pod sessions on basic maintenance
issues. Expo Pods offer interactive
9 11 JUNE 2015 COLOGNE EXHIBITION HALLS, COLOGNE, GERMANY
education designed for smaller
groups to foster discussion and
allow hands-on opportunities with
the equipment.
The sessions, in combination
with the Expo, provide the latest
and greatest in education topics
Feed Ingredients
Feed Production Machinery
Flour Milling Technology
and tie into the vendor displays.
Nutrition
Ancillary Equipment
Storage & Handling Systems
By attending the education
Additives
Formulation
Quality Control
sessions, the participants can
Specialist conferences:
For further information please contact:
follow-up with the speakers
The FIAAP Conference 2015
Victam International BV
at their exhibits to further
Petfood Forum Europe 2015
PO Box 197, 3860 AD Nijkerk, The Netherlands
their questions, or to set up
The IFF Feed Conference 2015
T: ++31 (0)33 246 4404
Aquafeed Horizons International 2015
F: ++31 (0)33 246 4706 E: expo@victam.com
appointments after the show,
Global Milling Conference with
said Allan Tedrow, McCormick
Free online visitor registration is available
GRAPAS INTERNATIONAL 2015
from 1st January 2015 at:
Construction Co., GEAPS
Biomass & Biomass Pelleting 2015
www.fiaap.com
GMP+ International 2015
Exchange Education Programming
www.victam.com
Committee co-chair.
www.grapas.eu
In addition to the educational
See us on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Google+
side of the conference, the Expo
or scan the QR codes:
also hosts over 350 exhibitors
in nearly millingand
200,000 feet of space.
Exhibitorsgrain.com
present products and
Please contact your local consultant:
services to help attendees store and
2015
THE WORLDS LARGEST

ANIMAL FEED PRODUCTION &
GRAIN PROCESSING EVENT
February 2015 | 63
North of England Flour

Millers Association
he North of England Flour

Millers Association held its
February meeting at Monk
Fryston Hall Hotel on Friday 6th
February 2015, where it drew an
excellent attendance of millers and
allied traders from across the region.
The meeting was opened by the
current Chairman, Matthew Rogers
of Hovis Limited, Selby supported by
the Secretary and Treasurer, Stephen
Brierley, who firstly asked all present to
observe a minutes silence in memory of
the recently deceased Patrick Donovan,
former Chairman and Managing
Director of Allied Mills and twice
President of the National Association.
They then dealt with the routine matters
of common interest to the members
before introducing the keynote speaker,
Martin Savage, Trade Policy Manager
from The National Association
headquarters in London (nabim).
Savage in his informative
presentation gave a lucid update on
the issues which currently dominate
nabims efforts on behalf of the
British and Irish milling industries.
Namely: 2014 wheat harvest. The
total wheat harvested reached 16.6
million tonnes due to record yields

after the favourable weather during
the growing period. Regrettably the
poorer weather during the actual
harvest period resulted in a reduction
to 9% (from the previous years 38)
in grain meeting the full breadmaking
specification. The premium for
breadmaking over feed wheat
remained around 50 per tonne.
Two new Group 1 winter wheat
varieties, Skyfall and KWS Trinity
which both have Argentinean
parentage, are showing higher yields
but lower protein levels.
Nabim employ Laurent Reverdy to
act as the British voice in Brussels
where there are four key committees,
Executive, Directors, Wheat and
Trade as well as Regulatory and
Technical Affairs.
Other current policy issues: Matters
discussed included the proposed
amendments to the Bread & Flour
Regulations, the measurement and
control of possible contaminants such
as nickel, alkaloids, glyphosates,
endocrine disrupters and fungicides
as well as mycotoxins, mainly DON,
ZON and OTA.
There is a study in progress to
ascertain if there is any cause for
concern regarding any presence of
L-R Martin Savage, Trade Policy

Manager, nabim. Stephen Brierley,
Secretary. Matthew Rogers, Site
Manager Hovis Ltd, Selby. Ian Wilks,
Operations Director, Allied Mills Ltd
adventitious soya in wheat, mainly

resulting from cross contamination
from ship holds and bulk vehicles.
Trials are being made to establish
whether electronic passports
(e-passports) for parcels of wheat would
be practical to implement. These would
replace paper documentation of the
history of grain handling and treatment
and its mycotoxin levels.
The Red Tractor crop assurance
standards are being reviewed and will
be re-issued after which the auditing
process will be improved.
Finally Savage reminded the group
that the Milling Wheat Challenge, a
competition to find the best grower of
milling wheat, is now in its 6th year
and winners have been geographically
widely dispersed.
06 07 08 February 2015
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February 21-24, 2015

America's Center | St. Louis, Missouri, USA
EXPO
EDUCATION
NETWORK
The Industrys Largest

Over 350 Exhibitors!
An Outstanding Program
Nearly 35 Hours of Sessions!
The Industrys Best

Networking Opportunities
The 86th Annual

International Technical Conference and Exposition of
the Grain Elevator and Processing Society
For details on attending and exhibiting

visit www.geaps.com
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The Knowledge Resource for the World of Grain Handling Industry Operations
2015
REVIEW
IPPE
Milling and Grain magazine at

the largest on IPPE on Record
by Olivia Holden, Executive Editor
013 saw the integration of the International Feed,

Poultry and Meat Expos, creating IPPE. What used
to be held as a bi-annual event has transformed into
the largest annual poultry, meat and feed industry of
its kind. The team at Milling and Grain travelled to
Atlanta to take part in IPPE 2015, 27-29 January. A colourful
booth provided the perfect backdrop to showcase copies of the
International Milling Directory, International Aquafeed and
Milling and Grain magazines.
IPPE was the ideal opportunity to present the first edition
of Milling and Grain magazine, formerly Grain and Feed
Technology to the industry. Circulation and events manager
Tuti Tan distributed over 3,000 copies of the IMD, International
Aquafeed and Milling and Grain. The team could also be found
modelling new look Milling and Grain shirts!
This year, the growth of the show was clearly evidenced by a
record number of visitors estimated to have been in the region
of 30,000. I met with Miranda McDaniel of the American Feed
Industry Association who confirmed that this year had seen
a substantial increase, not only in the number of visitors, but
exhibitors too.
Last year the show was held in halls A and B (of the Georgia
World Congress Centre), this year, we have also used hall C she
confirmed. In total, the show brought together 1,288 exhibitors
with more than 490,000 net square feet of exhibition space.
Clearly, IPPE is experiencing a tremendous level of expansion
and worldwide recognition, partnering all three organisations
has shown nothing but growth McDaniel added.
IPPEs reach remains far and wide. After speaking with various
companies, the general sentiment was that the show is attracting
more people from Africa now that the continent is gaining more
knowledge and experience in grain production and preservation.
Many have experienced first hand that Africa has significant
market potential and it will not be long until the continent
become major players in the world grain supply.
As well as the large exhibit halls, over 25 educational
programmes were held ranging from a conference on antibiotic
use to a programme about exporting feed and feed ingredients
to the United States. AFIA also hosted their eighth annual pet
food conference attracting 250 people. The conference examined
the current state of the market both globally and domestically,
looking key issues of sustainability and regulatory developments.
To keep visitors and exhibitors entertained, the quest to find the
best chilli in Atlanta generated huge momentum and did not fail
to disappoint. The third annual IPPE chilli contest saw the highly
coveted first place position awarded to Andrew Denaro, kitchen
manager at the Hard Rock Caf, Atlanta.
Lambton Conveyors team (left to right - Ric Depooter, Christian juxdan,

Sandra Dixon and Daniel Etulain) talk with Tuti Tan and Mark Cornwell
from Milling and Grain magazine
On the left is Tom Schroeder on the right is Kirk Nelson, hard at work in
the Behlen Booth
The team from Global Industries - left to right: Jon Sazma, Scott
Stuhlmiller, Alejandro Mekino, John Haugh, Tom Magnus, Steve Frisbie,
Tyson Lhereux and John Crawford
Terry Geraghty, Bruce Fagla and Micheal Cowl infront of the Tapco H1
Hummer (recently seen suspended from a Tapco elevator bucket in
the recent adverts from the company on page 3 of this edition!)
Left to right: Pippa Pang, Richard Edwards, Ian Cockshott, Andrew

Jackson, Murray Hyden, David Owsley, David McRobbie, Stephen
Waite, Lisa Falconer
Andritz showcased our well proven pellet mill 43-700. As something

new, we deceided also to showcase our extruder EX1021, which
attracted a great deal of attention from the visitors
Left to right: Christian Thming, Mike Snyder, Jack Smith and Niels Bengt
IPPE has always been a valuable show for Sweet because of the
quality and quantity of attendees. We are able to meet our dealers,
customers and prospects from around the world face to face, allowing
us to build on our relationships and extraordinary customer service
Left to right: Martcruz Guillen, Alicia Sweet Hupp and Julio Contreras
Bill McLean(left) and Harold Mauck of Essmuller talk with Editorial

Executive for Milling and Grain magazine, Olivia Holden
Matt McLean of Essmuller talks with the Directors of CP Foods
Carl Swisher (Sales manager - materials and handling) from 4B Braime

and Editorial executive for Milling and Grain, Olivia Holden
Two members of staff at AB Vista pose next to a poster displayed at

their booth.
Left to right: John Bowes, International Sales Director for Sukup and
Material Handling Engineer , Bob Dieckmann
The team at Nutriad
Working to improve the

sustainability of
compound feed production
Responsible opeRations standaRd (Ros)

foR Compound feed manufaCtuReRs
Now Open for Public Consultation
Deadline:15 February 2015
REVIEW
Find out how to participate at www.globalgap.org
Chew on this tour bus stops at IPPE 2015
From left to right: Mike Nichols, Phil OGrady and Rod Brown from the
Bhler team
A panoramic shot of the Kahl booth
REVIEW
The drive to feed:
bout 870 million people worldwide dont

get enough food. Hunger kills more people
worldwide than AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis
combined. It kills more people than all forms of
cancer combined.
However, hunger isnt just a problem in Third World countries.
In San Diego, one in four children get their only meal of the
today at school. In Kansas City, its one in five. In Boston the
figure is one in eight.
The Chew on This Tour, a unique, interactive road show traveling
America to heighten awareness about one of the biggest problems
facing our world today: hunger, arrived at IPPE in Atanta.
Fronted by former NFL player and champion wrestler Bill
Goldberg, the tour aims to educate about food sustainability. The
bus has now traveled to over 40 states in America and shows no
signs of slowing down.
The short film shown on the tour bus demonstrated that a
growing population requires more food. According to the United
Nations, by the year 2050, the global population will be 9 billion.
We will need 70 percent more food, and 70 percent of that food
will have to come from efficiency-enhancing technology. In 1960,
American farmers were on average, each growing food for 26
people per day. Today, this number has risen to 155 people per day.
The Chew on this tour focuses on how farmers are aiming to
safely and sustainably meet this rising demand. However, more
can be done to meet the challenge of feeding.
AgraMe2015 - 90 x 132mm.pdf
11/1/15
5:23 PM
Under The Patronage of H.E. Rashid Ahmad Bin Fahad, Minister of Environment and Water
The Region's Leading Agribusiness Event
Grow your business at AgraME
16 18 March 2O15 | Dubai International Convention and Exhibition Centre
WHY VISIT
Meet over 250 exhibitors from more than 30 countries
Exclusive product launches & demonstrations
Attend conferences focusing in depth on the industrys most relevant topics
Network and meet face to face with industry leaders from around the world
Secure an opportunity to see the leading names in agribusiness and
related industries under one roof
Register online for free fast-track entry at
www.agramiddleeast.com
+971 4 336 5161
STRATEGIC PARTNER
info@agramiddleeast.com
ORGANISED BY
February 2015 | 69
Lallemand showcase their latest products
Delacon strengthen their global

presence at IPPE 2015
REVIEW
he Austrian family business Delacon recognised the

potential of phytogenic performance enhancers 25 years
ago, even coining the term phytogenic. Today the
company is the global market leader in this ever-growing field,
having recently expanded its sales structure in India and Latin
America. At IPPE 2015, the company had their own booth for the
first time showcasing the potential of its plant based feed additives
composed of herbs, spices and essential oils.
The vision of company founder Helmut Dedl to replace antibiotic
growth promoters by phytogenic feed additives and thus to ensure
sustainable, profitable production and food safety, still applies to
the current CEO Markus Dedl as a guideline of corporate strategy.
As pioneers, Delacon remain the first and only company to receive
a zootechnical registration by the European Union for their product
FRESTRAF for swine, a 100 percent based plant feed additive.
At IPPE Delacon launched Biostrong Forte onto the U.S
market, a sound replacement of antibiotic growth promoters which
combines beneficial Biostrong 510 effects with short and medium
chain fatty acids. Biostrong Forte helps to fight the common
intestinal challenges found in antibiotic-free production.
Upon its launch in 2000, Biostrong 510 was the first phytogenic
product range for poultry. The innovative formulation is based on
in-depth knowledge, broad experience and extensive research. With
the key advantages of Biostrong 510, namely increased nutrient
digestibility, improved feed efficiency and reduced noxious gas
emission, Biostrong Forte adds a complex of esterified fatty acids
to control and reduce common critical intestinal health challenge
periods in the birds life.
This new product comes at a time when experts estimate that the
market for natural feed additives will triple by 2020. Increased
pressure in terms of food safety, raising concerns about animal
health and environmental protection, increasing feed costs,
increasing antibiotic resistance, strong global tendencies to reduce
antibiotic growth promoters these factors show that phytogenics
are seen among the top solution platforms in animal nutrition for
the near future.
Delacons holistic approach is paying off. Their presence at
IPPE further adds to the expansion of its global leadership. Our
mission is to improve the efficiency in animal nutrition, animal
health and food safety by new combinations of natural substances
while minimising the environmental impact. And this is the way we
will continue says Markus Dedl, further adding, It is our aim to
make optimum use of the power of nature. In other words, we are
performing nature and this will be our slogan for the future.
Brandon Grubbs from Maxi Lift Inc
The team gather at Famsun for a group photo
REVIEW
Lorraine Magney and the team at Novus
Two members of staff at Evonik pose next to a poster displayed at their

booth
Left to right, Janeth Hernandez Baez, Yara Animal Nutrition Colombia

and Salvador Ramirez, Yara Animal Nutrition Mexico and guests
The team at Ottevanger
Jefo were out in force at IPPE!
Todd Peteson manning the Bin Master Level Controls stand
Wenger has been

attending the IPPE/AFIA
for many years and while
we see many existing
clients and colleagues
we continue to uncover
new opportunities with
prospective clients from all
over the world. We foresee
our continued presence
at the IPPE/AFIA exposition
and look forward to the
continued expansion of
these related industries
around the world in the
future.
Left to right: Spencer
Lawson, Universal Pellet
Cooker - Process Manager
and Stuart Carrico, Food &
Industrial Products Division
Sales
The team from Zhengchang
REVIEW
Schenck processstand at IPPE
The team from Biomin
REVIEW
MILLERS
GATEWAY OPENING TO THE WORLD
23-26 April 2015

Istanbul Expo Center
(CNR Expo) Halls: 1-2-3
6th International Flour, Semolina, Rice, Corn,
Bulghur, Feed Milling Machinery & Pulse,
Pasta, Biscuit Technologies Exhibition
Parantez
Fair
www.idma.com.tr
THIS EXHIBITION IS HELD WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE UNION OF CHAMBERS AND
COMMODITY EXCHANGES OF TURKEY (TOBB) PURSUANT TO THE LAW NUMBERED AS 5174
Extruders
Almex
+31 575 572666
Welcome to the market place, where you

will find suppliers of products and services
to the industry - in association with our
sister publication The International Milling
Directory
To be included into the Market Place,
please contact Tom Blacker
+44 1242 267700 - tomb@perendale.co.uk
www.almex.nl
Colour sorters
Andritz
Bhler AG
+45 72 160300
+41 71 955 11 11
www.andritz.com
www.buhlergroup.com
Dinnissen BV
Satake
+31 77 467 3555
+81 82 420 8560
www.dinnissen.nl
www.satake-group.com
Analysis
R-Biopharm
+44 141 945 2924
Adifo NV
www.r-biopharm.com
+32 50 303 211
Romer Labs
www.adifo.com
+43 2272 6153310
Cultura Technologies Ltd
www.romerlabs.com
+44 1257 231011
Amino acids
+1 515 254 1260

www.insta-pro.com
JS Conwell
+64 21 043 1027
www.jscextrusion.com
Wenger Manufacturing
www.culturatech.com
+1 785-284-2133
Format International Ltd
Evonik
www.wenger.com
+44 1483 726081
+49 618 1596785
www.formatinternational.com
www.evonik.com
Bag closing
Insta-Pro International
Computer software
Feed processing
Coolers & driers
Ottevanger
Fischbein SA
Consergra s.l
+31 79 593 22 21
+32 2 555 11 70
+34 938 772207
www.ottevanger.com
www.fischbein.com/eastern
www.consergra.com
Bag design
Cetec Industrie
Bakery improvers
Mhlenchemie GmbH & Co KG
Rank Hovis
www.geelencounterflow.com
+44 1494 428000
+86 514 87848880
www.muehlenchemie.de
www.muyang.com
Elevator buckets
+33 2 37 97 66 11
Alapala
www.denis.fr
+90 212 465 60 40
Bulk storage
Bentall Rowlands
+44 1724 282828
www.croston-engineering.co.uk
www.vav.nl
Elevator & Conveyor Components
Silo Construction Engineers
4B Braime
+32 51723128
+44 113 246 1800
www.sce.be
Silos Cordoba
+34 957 325 165
www.siloscordoba.com
TSC Silos
+31 543 473979
www.cargotec.com
www.cimbria.com
+31 71 4023701
+44 1829 741119
+46 42 85802
+45 96 17 90 00
VAV
Croston Engineering
AB
+1 314 739 9191
www.stifnet.com
www.chief.co.uk
Cargotec Sweden Bulk Handling
Cimbria A/S
+33 2 41 72 16 80
+44 1621 868944
Grain handling systems
Tapco Inc
STIF
Chief Industries UK Ltd
www.rankhovis.com
www.alapala.com
www.tapcoinc.com
www.bentallrowlands.com
Flour
+31 475 592315
Famsun (Muyang)
+49 4102 202 001
Denis
www.wynveen.com
Geelen Counterflow
www.cetec.net
Bin dischargers
+31 26 47 90 699
+49 7520 91482-0

www.frigortec.com
+33 5 53 02 85 00
Wynveen
FrigorTec GmbH
www.go4b.com
Enzymes
Hammermills
Bhler AG
+41 71 955 11 11
www.buhlergroup.com
Genc Degirmen
+90 332 444 0894
www.gencdegirmen.com.tr
Van Aarsen International
+31 475 579 444
www.aarsen.com
Yemtar Feed Mill Machines
Ab Vista
+90 532 5265627
+44 1672 517 650
www.yemtar.com
www.abvista.com
Zheng Chang
www.tsc-silos.com
JEFO
+86 21 64188282
Westeel
+1 450 799 2000
www.zhengchang.com
+1 204 233 7133
www.jefo.com
www.westeel.com
Certification
Equipment for sale
Laboratory equipment
Aquar-System
ExtruTech Inc
+375 17 213 13 88
GMP+ International
+1 785 284 2153
www.aquar-system.com
+31703074120
www.extru-techinc.com
www.gmpplus.org
Bastak
+90 312 395 67 87
www.bastak.com.tr
Brabender
+49 203 7788 0
Palletisers
Silos
Cetec Industrie
Kepler Weber Group
+33 5 53 02 85 00
+55 11 4873-0300
CHOPIN Technologies
www.cetec.net
www.kepler.com.br
+33 14 1475045
Ehcolo A/S
www.chopin.fr
+45 75 398411
Doescher & Doescher GmbH
www.ehcolo.com
www.brabender.com
www.doescher.com
+44 1483 468900
Level measurement
+1 402 434 9102
+49 5422 95030

www.neuero.de
Vigan Engineering
+32 67 89 50 41
www.vigan.com
Mill design & installation
07:18:17
www.buhlergroup.com
GAME Engineering Ltd
CM
MY
CY
CMY
Borregaard LignoTech
Symaga
+47 69 11 80 00
+34 91 726 43 04
www.lignotechfeed.com
www.symaga.com
Tornum AB
Rentokil Pest Control
+46 512 29100
+44 0800 917 1987
www.tornum.com
Agromatic
Jacob Sohne
+41 55 2562100
+49 571 9580
www.agromatic.com
www.dol-sensors.com
Suffolk Automation
Visit us! www.pipe-systems.eu+44
1473 829188
Training
www.suffolk-automation.co.uk
Bhler AG
Recruitment
+41 71 955 11 11
www.buhlergroup.com
JCB Consulting
+44 161 427 2402
IAOM
www.jcb-consulting.com
+1 913 338 3377
Rolls
www.iaom.info
www.game-engineering.com
+49 271 3758 0
Kansas State University

+1 785 532 6161
www.grains.k-state.edu
www.breitenbach.de
Gazel Degirmen Makinalari
nabim
O&J Hjtryk
+90 364 2549630
+44 2074 932521
+45 7514 2255
www.gazelmakina.com
www.nabim.org.uk
www.oj-hojtryk.dk
Ocrim
Roller mills
+39 0372 4011
Unormak
www.satake-group.com
+90 332 2391016

IMAS - Milleral
www.unormak.com.tr
+90 332 2390141

www.milleral.com
NIR systems
NIR Online
+45 721 755 55
Fr. Jacob Shne GmbH & Co. KG, Germany

Tel. + 49 (0) 571 95580 | www. jacob-pipesystems.eu
Leonhard Breitenbach
+81 82 420 8560
Dol Sensors
Used around
+44 1522 868021
Satake
Temperature monitoring
all industrial
Process
control
sectors.
+41 71 955 11 11
9/11/12
www.mysilo.com
www.jacob-pipesystems.eu
Buhler AG
Game Engineering logo FINAL.pdf
+90 382 266 2245
Pipe systems
Loading/un-loading equipment
Neuero Industrietechnik
MYSILO
www.payper.com
www.rentokil.co.uk
FineTek Co., Ltd

www.fine-tek.com
+34 973 21 60 40
Pest control
www.binmaster.com
+886 2226 96789
www.obial.com.tr
Pelleting aids
www.hydronix.com
BinMaster Level Controls
+90 382 2662120
PAYPER, S.A.
+49 4087976770
Hydronix
Obial
www.ocrim.com
Valves
Ugur Makina
+1 785 825 7177
+90 (364) 235 00 26
vortex@vortexvalves.com
www.ugurmakina.com
www.vortexvalves.com
Roll fluting
Rota Val Ltd
+49 6227 732668
Fundiciones Balaguer, S.A.
+44 1249 651138
www.nir-online.de
+34 965564075
www.rotaval.co.uk
Thermo Fisher Scientific
www.balaguer-rolls.com
+1 9786 421132
www.thermoscientific.com/
Safety equipment
quality
Packaging
CB Packaging
+44 7805 092067
Materials
+49 2961 740 50
+44 1476 566301
www.rembe.com
www.mogensen.co.uk
Sanderson Weatherall
Cetec Industrie
+44 161 259 7054

www.sw.co.uk
Sifters
Vibrafloor
+33 3 85 44 06 78
www.vibrafloor.com
Weighing equipment
Parkerfarm Weighing Systems
Mondi Group
Filip GmbH
+43 1 79013 4917
+49 5241 29330
www.mondigroup.com
www.filip-gmbh.com
Peter Marsh Group
Raw
Handling
www.cbpackaging.com
www.cetec.net
Mogensen
Rembe
Second hand equipment
+33 5 53 02 85 00
Vibratory equipment
Genc Degirmen
+44 1246 456729

www.parkerfarm.com
Yeast products
Leiber GmbH
+44 151 9221971
+90 332 444 0894
+49 5461 93030
www.petermarsh.co.uk
www.gencdegirmen.com.tr
www.leibergmbh.de
the interview
Joel Newman, AFIA
Joel Newman is the American Feed Industry Associations president, CEO and corporate treasurer. Newman
has more than three decades of diverse executive experience in agribusiness, with United Cooperative
Farmers, Maple Leaf Foods and Agway. He brought an exciting new vision to the association when he
joined in 2004 and has effectively led the membership and staff through a landmark era of change.
Newman represents AFIA on international issues and is a director of the International Feed Industry
Federation, headquartered in Germany. He holds a bachelors degree in animal science from West Virginia
University and a Master of Business Administration in finance and marketing from Syracuse University.
Can you tell us about your background and view of

feed milling?
I just celebrated my tenth anniversary with AFIA, but was

involved with the organisation as a member and served
on its Board of Directors before that. I have been involved
with the food and feed industry for 43 years, working on the
business side of United Cooperative Farmers, Maple Leaf
Foods and Agway, and that business experience has been
very instrumental in my present position with AFIA.
The feed industry provides animals with the necessary
balanced nutrients for proper growth, development and
maintenance. It also helps give nutrients and supplements
that may be missing from an animals natural diet.
What are the main values of AFIA and both its longterm and short-term goals?
AFIA is committed to representing the total feed industry, as

a key segment of the food chain, and member companies
interests with one industry leadership voice. Our focus is on
matters involving federal and state legislation and regulation,
as well as global standards and issues; keeping members
informed of developments important to them; creating
opportunities to network and address common issues and
interacting with key stakeholders essential to the success of
the feed and animal agriculture industries.
AFIAs primary founding purposes were to promote and
assure feed safety and to promote harmonisation of all state
feed laws with uniform labeling and regulations, which is still
very true today.
Our staff are currently working on issues such as the Food
Safety Modernisation Act, which we consider both a shortterm and long-term project, the Veterinary Feed Directive,
continual improvement of our third-party feed safety
certification programs and more.
What recent legislative developments have taken

place with regards to the feed industry?
We are currently experiencing the largest rule change to

happen to the animal food industry since the 1950s. AFIA
and its members have worked closely with other industry
groups to submit comments that best represent the feed
industrys praises, objections and suggestions. Currently FDA
is reviewing those comments and have until August to do
so. We have faith they will take our suggestions seriously,
especially when it comes to the high cost of the rule if
implemented as it was first posted as the proposed rule.
With a growing population predicted to reach nine

billion by 2050, what pressures and demands has this
placed upon the feed industry and what challenges
does the feed industry face?
The growing demand to meet the demand is something that

agriculture faces in the U.S. and globally. We will have to
produce more with less; less land, less resources, less water,
while protecting our natural resources and ensuring the
economic well-being of customers, their communities and
the industry. This is the definition of sustainability. Agriculture
is a very sustainable industry, and has made continuous and
significant improvements over the last 40 years. The feed
industrys ability to be sustainable also factors into that. AFIA
and our members follow four focal points as we work to
ensure a sustainable future for the industry:
1. Optimise the use of energy and natural resources for feed
production.
2. Enhance production efficiency and productivity.
3. Promote understanding and appreciation of U.S. food
production.
4. Support our local communities.
In fact, we recently released our annual Community
Involvement and Charitable Giving Survey, which
correlates with focal point number four. To learn more
about sustainability in the feed industry, watch our recently
released video here: http://bit.ly/1An5ysN
Which countries do you predict will be at the forefront

of global feed production in the future?
While all countries desire to be as self-sufficient in food

production as possible, globally we will need to identify
where feed and animal production can be most sustainable
and intensify production in those regions. We also must
share the education and technology to assist individual
countries to continually improve their food production and
sustainability.
What were the main focal points for AFIA at this years
IPPE?
AFIA is one of three organisations that hosts the International

Production & Processing Expo. AFIA along with the North
American Meat Institute and the U.S. Poultry & Egg
Association joined forces, co-locating their trade shows on
feed, meat and poultry.
AFIA hosted the following events on some of our main areas
of focus: FSMA, trade and pet food.
1. AFIAs eighth annual Pet Food Conference.
2. Exporting Feed and Feed Ingredients to the U.S
3. Food Safety Modernisation Act Building a Foundation for
Compliance.
AFIAs primary founding

purposes were to
promote and assure
feed safety and to
promote harmonisation
of all state feed laws
with uniform labeling
and regulations, which
is still very true today
PEOPLE THE INDUSTRY FACES

Promotion at the Lincoln Grain Exchange
he Lincoln Grain Exchange and the Board of Lincoln Inspection Service announce the promotion
of Ms Danae Podraza to president of Lincoln Inspection Service, Inc., in the USA. In her new
position, Podraza assists the board of directors in establishing and revising long-range goals,
preparing yearly operating and financial budgets, supervising personnel and perpetuating customer
relations.
A native of Sioux Falls, S.D., Podraza got her first taste of the grain business at the age of 12 by
walking the beans on her grandfathers farm in Worthing, S.D. She moved to Lincoln to attend the
Danae Podraza University of Nebraska in 1991, joined the company in 1997 and continues to live in Lincoln with her
husband, Scott, and their daughter, CeCe.
Lincoln Inspection Service, Inc. is an officially designated grain inspection and weighing service headquartered in Lincoln,
with a full service branch office located in Farwell, Texas. Lincoln Inspection Service, Inc., provides services in accordance
with the United States Grain Standards Act and the Federal Grain Inspection Service regulations thereunder. The agencys
designated service areas include Southeast Nebraska, Southwest Iowa, Northwest Texas and Eastern New Mexico.
Toygun Parlak joins Yemtar A.S
r Toygun Parlak has moved from BBCA Storex to Yemtar A.. After working 9 years in
the silo sector, he decided to add new market to his professional career. In January 2015,
Toygun moved to work on behalf of Yemtar A..
He said, my main target is combining my silo experiences with feed mill projects and I
also will give my all for growing the sales of silos for Yemtar. He added, we will present new face of
Yemtar to our customers.
Yemtar A.. was established in Bandrma, Turkey in 1980. Since its inception, Yemtar A.. has
planned and delivered projects, manufacturers machines and installs modern feed mills. Yemtar
Toygun Parlak A.. offers value-added services and production in location for feed mills, galvanised silos, grinding
systems, pelleting units, coolers, feeders and lots of modern equipment for projects whilst still offering
value-added services and production in location. Yemtar A.. targeted domestic market in its first years,
and now it has expanded target markets to Africa, Middle East, Asia and the Balkans in a relatively short amount of time.
New Product Manager for professional products at Bayer
teve Bishop is the new Product Manager for professional products at Bayer CropScience. He joins
after five successful years at Polypipe, and says he sees his new role as offering an opportunity to
combine his educational and commercial skills to best advantage. Steve achieved an Agriculture
and Food Science BSc degree at Nottingham University (1996), and Masters in Environmental
Science at Cranfield University (1998). He later also completed a two-year training programme with (as
was) Rentokil Initial.
Steve Bishop
His new role will see him establishing a firm understanding of the market and its future challenges,
ensuring Bayer is responsive to the rapidly changing industry while meeting customer requirements.
Im excited to be joining such a well-established company and am looking forward to supporting the
team and our stakeholders.
Growing up in the Staffordshire countryside, Steve spent many happy years working on a neighbouring dairy farm. He is
also a qualified falconer and attends annual hunt days, and a keen rugby player looking to move into coaching.
Ogle named Chief Financial Officer and

Vice President, Finance and IT
om Ogle has been named AIB Internationals Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Finance
and IT. He will officially join the company on February 2nd, 2015. We are thrilled to have
Tom join the AIB team, said Andre Biane, president and CEO. As we streamline our dayto-day business and continue growing internationally, Toms expertise will be critical to AIB
Internationals long term success.
Ogle has more than 20 years of experience with multiple financial functions along with information
systems responsibilities. He has worked for large multi-national companies like IBM Corporation and
regional companies like Continental Disc Corporation. Most recently he served as interim CFO for
Alphapointe, a Kansas City based nonprofit organisation serving the blind and visually impaired.
Tom Ogle
Ogles experience includes roles in controllership, cost accounting and financial analysis, managing working capital, the
financial aspects of international startups, acquisition due diligence, accounting process improvements, employee pension and
benefits enhancements, and guidance to executive teams and boards of directors. His information systems experience includes
leading the implementation of enterprise resource planning systems, simplifying and integrating accounting and travel expense
systems, and establishing appropriate levels of IT security and financial controls.
Tom holds a bachelors degree in business administration from the University of Central Missouri, with a double major in
finance and accounting, and a masters degree in management from Purdue University.
Success comes with the original

product.
Quality always pays off. Hundreds of customers rely today on Bhlers purifier Polaris. High performance, optimal process
and product security, low maintenance and perfect design are the outstanding attributes of the purifier.
Flecks are the past Polaris is the standard today. www.buhlergroup.com/polaris
Innovations for a better world.

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Mill Burned: Kansas City Nov 3rd Special Telegram- the

in loss of quality. Bite, colour,

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