2012 HCI MA H2 P2 Prelim Soln

Hwa Chong Institution
Preliminary Examination 2012

H2 Mathematics Paper 2 (Solutions)
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Qn.

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Solutions
1
(i)
R gh = [a, a 1 ]
2
Since y = 0.5 cuts the graph twice, f is not a one-one function. Therefore f 1
does not exist.
Restrict the domain to
m=
1
3
x so that the range of h is equal to the range of f.
2
2
1
3
, n=
2
2
1 5
5
1
Since h( ) = , therefore h 1 ( ) = .
6
2
2 6
(ii)
With domain
Let w be the width of the paper used and h be the length of the paper used.
1
3
x ,
2
2
Area of paper used, A = wh
R h = [ 1, 1] , D g = [1, ) ,
We have ( w 4)( h 8) = 1352
Since R h Dg , therefore gh exists.
w=
Substituting R h as D g into y = g(x) graph,
1352
+4
(h 8)
1352
Therefore A = wh =
+ 4 h
(h 8)
1352h
=
+ 4h
(h 8)
Hwa Chong Institution 2012
9740/02/Prelim/12
9740/02/Prelim/12

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3
(i)
dA ( h 8)(1352) (1352h)(1)
=
+4
dh
(h 8)2
10816
=
+4
(h 8) 2
dh
(ii)
=0
10816
=4
(h 8) 2
2
(h 8) = 2704
1
1
cos3 = z +
z
2
3
1
1
= z+
8
z
1
3 1
= z 3 + 3z + + 3 (shown)
8
z z
h = 2704 + 8 = 60
First derivative test:
(60)
dA
-ve
= 2 cos n (shown)
1
By taking n = 1, z + = 2 cos
z
1
1
cos = z +
2
z
3
1
1
= ein + in = ein + e in
zn
e
= cos n + i sin n + cos n i sin n
To minimise the paper used,

dA
zn +
60
(60)
+ve
1
3 1
cos3 = z 3 + 3 z + + 3
8
z z
1
1
1
= z3 + 3 + 3 z +
z
z
8
dh
OR
Second derivative test:

d 2 A 21632
=
>0
dh 2 (h 8)3
1
( 2 cos 3 + 3 ( 2 cos ) )
8
1
3
cos 3 + cos (shown)
4
4
Method 1
1
3
3
cos 3 d = 4 cos 9 + 4 cos 3 d
=
(iii)
Hence at h = 60 , the amount of paper used is minimised.

At h = 60 ,
1352
w=
+4
52
w = 30
1
1
sin 9 + sin 3 + C
36
4
Method 2
3
2
cos 3 d = cos3 cos 3 d
Hence the dimension of the paper is 30 cm by 60 cm.
= cos3 (1 sin 2 3 ) d
= cos3 cos 3 sin 2 3 d
1
1
= sin 3 sin 3 3 + C
3
9
9740/02/Prelim/12
9740/02/Prelim/12

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4
(a)

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AB OP ( b a )i( a + 5b ) = 0
2
(iii)
y = ax + b +
4aib a + 5 b = 0
Since we have a b cos 60 = aib aib =
( x + 1)
At (0, 5), b + c = 5
a
2
(2)
(3)
dy
2c
=a
3
dx
( x + 1)
2 a a + 5 = 0
2
a + 2 a 5 = 0
(b)
5
(i)
From GC,
a = 8, b = 1, c = 4
(iv)
(ii)
( x + 1)
Given area of region R

3
c
0 ax + b + ( x + 1)2 dx
> 0 for x > 0
y = 8x + 1 +
( x + 1)
101
4
(0, 5)
(1.59 , 0)
0
(v)
[Note: x-intercept (1.585171 , 0)]

Required volume
= 42
6(i)
(1)
8 x + 1 +
4
dx
( x + 1)2
(8x + 1)
dx
= 163.2774895
= 163 units3
Let X be the time spent by a customer at a supermarket.
If X ~ N( 35, 302 ), P( X < 0) = 0.122.
i.e. the probability that the time spent being less than zero is significantly big.
However, X is a non-negative quantity. Therefore a normal distribution will not
provide an adequate model.
=
9740/02/Prelim/12
x=3
y = 8x + 1
= 42
c
1 2
= 42
2 ax + bx x + 1
0
c
9
= 42
2 a + 3b 4 [ c ]
9
3
a + 3b + c = 42 (shown)
2
4
x = 1
(shown)
( x + 1)
equation of G is y = 8 x + 1 +
For x > 0, ( x + 1) > 0

Since a, b and c are positive, for x > 0,
c
> 0 and ax + b > 0
2
( x + 1)
y = ax + b +
dy
=0
dx
a 2c = 0
At (0, 5),
2 24
= 6 1 or 6 1( rej)
2
a = 6 1

a
3OB + 4OC 3b + 2a
OC = OE =
=
2
7
7
Let AD : AB = , then

OD = OB + (1 ) OA = b + (1 ) a
Since O, E , D are collinear,
3b + 2a
k
= b + (1 ) a

7
OE = kOD for some constant k
3
=
5
AD : AB = 3 : 5
a=
9740/02/Prelim/12

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(ii)
Let X be the time spent by a customer at a supermarket.

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8(i)
X ~ N(35,102 )
X1 + X 2 3 X ~ N( 35, 1100 )
P( A B )
P( B)
P(2 Curry,1Spicy,1others) + P(3Curry,1Spicy)
=
P(exactly 1 Spicy )
=
or
3 X X1 + X 2 ~ N( 35, 1100 )
10 9 10 60 4! 10 9 8 10 4!
+ 141
80 79 78 77 2! 80 79 78 77 3!
=
=
or
10 70 69 68
2737
4
80 79 78 77
0.0515162587 = 0.0515 (3 s.f.)
P ( X1 + X 2 > 3 X )
= P ( X1 + X 2 3 X > 0 )
7(i)
(ii)
= 0.146
No. of ways = 7315 4! = 175560
n(n 1)(n 2)( n 3) = 175560
or n P4 = 175560 or n C4 = 7315
Using GC or guess and check, n = 22 .
OR
P( A B )
P( B)
( 10C2 10C1 60C1 ) + ( 10C3 10C1 )
80
C4
=
10
C1 70C3
80
C4
141
=
or 0.0515162587 = 0.0515 (3 s.f.)
2737
P( A B ) =
Method 1:
seat
seat
Consider the 4 scholarship recipients as 1 unit.
seat
7 ways to slot the 4

scholarship recipients.
seat
seat
4! ways to arrange scholarship

recipients among themselves.
No. of ways = 7 4! 9!
= 60963840
9! ways to arrange
remaining applicants.
(ii)
Method 2:
Consider the 4 scholarship recipients as 1 unit.
Case 1: The 4 scholarship recipients are in the row with 6 seats.
Case 2: The 4 scholarship recipients are in the row with 7 seats.
3! ways to arrange 1 unit

4! ways to
of scholarship recipients
arrange
9
C2 ways to choose and 2 non-scholarship
scholarship
recipients.
recipients 2 non-scholarship
recipients in row
among
themselves. with 6 seats.
= 60963840
9740/02/Prelim/12
P( A)
= 1 P(0 curry) P(1 curry)
70 69 68 67 10 70 69 68
= 1 4
80 79 78 77 80 79 78 77
70 10 70

or 1 4 1 3
80
80

4

4
= 0.0741568558 = 0.0742 (3 s.f.)

Or
P( A)
= P(2 curry) + P(3 curry) + P(4 curry)
10 9 70 69 4! 10 9 8 70 4!
=
+
80 79 78 77 2!2! 80 79 78 77 3!
10 9 8 7
+
80 79 78 77
7! ways to arrange remaining

No. of ways
applicants in row with 7 seats.
= ( 4! 9C2 3! 7!) + ( 4! 9C3 4! 6! )
P( A B )
9740/02/Prelim/12

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10 70 10 70 10

or 2 2 + 3 1 + 4
80
80
80

4
4

4
= 0.0741568558 = 0.0742 (3 s.f.)

Method 1:
Show P( A B ) P( A) . Hence A and B are not independent, and A ' and B '
are not independent.

________________________________________________________________________
P( B ' A ') P( B ')
9(i)
(ii)
From (i), P( A B ) = 0.0515

Since 0.0515 = P( A B ) P( A) = 0.0742 ,
A and B are not independent.
Hence A ' and B ' are not independent.
Method 2:
Show P( A B ) P( A) P( B) . Hence A and B are not independent, and A '
and B ' are not independent.
From (i), P( A B )
10 9 10 60 4! 10 9 8 10 4!
= +
80 79 78 77 2! 80 79 78 77 3!
( 10C2 10C1 60C1 ) + ( 10C3 10C1 )

or
80
C4
= 0.017830271 = 0.0178 (3 s.f.)

10 70 69 68
4
80 79 78 77
10
C1 70C3
or
80
C4
= 0.3461095866 = 0.346 (3 s.f.)
Let X be the number of defective SIM cards, out of 10.

X ~ B (10, 0.15 )
We assume that the probability of a SIM card being defective remains constant
at 0.15. OR
We assume that the defective SIM cards produced are independent of one
another.
P ( X < 2 ) = P ( X 1) = 0.5442998
Let Y be number of good batches, out of 33.
Y ~ B ( 33, 0.5442998 )
Since n = 33 is large, np = 17.962 > 5,
n(1p) = 15.038 > 5,
Y ~ N (17.962, 8.18524 ) approx
P (Y > 33 0.8) = P (Y > 26.4 )
cc
= P (Y 27 ) P (Y > 26.5) = 0.00142

10
(a)
(i)
(ii)
P( B ) =
(b)
P( A) P( B) = 0.0742 0.346 = 0.0256663987 = 0.0257

Since 0.0178 = P( A B) P( A) P( B) = 0.0257 ,
A and B are not independent.
Hence A ' and B ' are not independent.
The customers are ordered as they queue up at the payment counter.

120
=4
30
The first customer is chosen from the 1st four customers using simple random
sampling.
Every 4th customer is chosen thereafter.
No. As we cannot gather the profile of the customers and break down into strata
proportional to that of the 120 customers as the survey is done before the
customers leave.
Let X be the waiting time.
Since n = 100 is large, by CLT,
2
X ~ N ,
approximately.
100
)
2
and P ( X > 10 ) = P ( X < 7.5)
3
P 7.5 < X < 10 = 0.95
Note: Students can choose to show P( A ' B ') P( A ') P( B ') or

P( A ' B ') P( A ') or
9740/02/Prelim/12
9740/02/Prelim/12

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0.95
7.5

________________________________________________________________________
2x/3
GC keystrokes:
v>5:Statistics>3:Sx
q
10
2x
= 0.05
3
x = 0.03
x+
(iii)
Let mm be the population mean diameter of a miniature wheel.

H0 : = 10.00
H1 : 10.00
X 10.00
Test statistic: T =
t (7)
0.1131839286
8
Level of Significance: 10%
Critical region: Reject H0 if p-value 0.10
Assuming H0 is true, using GC,
pvalue = 0.10849
7.5
P X < 7.5 = 0.03 P Z <
= 0.03
10
10
P X < 10 = 0.98 P Z <
= 0.98
10
7.5
= 1.8808
10
10 ( 7.5 ) = 1.8808
10 1.8808 = 75 (1)
10
= 2.0537
(iv)
10
10 (10 ) = 2.0537
10 + 2.0537 = 100 (2)
Solving (1) and (2), = 8.70
11
(i)
Let T be an estimator of the population variance 2 . Then T is an unbiased

estimator of 2 if E(T ) = 2 .
(ii)
Using GC,
An unbiased estimate of mean of X,
327
x=
= 10.21875 (exact)
32
An unbiased estimate of variance of X, s 2 = 0.1131839286 = 0.113 (3 s.f.)
9740/02/Prelim/12
Assumption: X follows a normal distribution.
Since p-value = 0.10849 0.10, we do not reject H 0 at the 10% level of

significance and conclude that there is insufficient evidence that the mean
diameter of the miniature wheel is different from expected.
H0 : = 10.00
H1 : > 10.00
X 10.00
Test statistic: Z =
N(0,1)
0.452
8
Level of Significance: 5%
Critical region: Reject H0 if p-value 0.05
i.e. Reject H0 if z 1.644853626
x 10.00
Hence z =
1.644853626
0.452
8
x 10.26169461
{x :
x 10.3}
9740/02/Prelim/12

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12
(i)

________________________________________________________________________
209
m = 4 ln
180
20
The scatter diagram seems to indicate a curvi-linear relationship between the

points. Hence the linear model E = a + bw is probably not appropriate.
(iii)
For w and ln E , r = 0.9785715974 = 0.979

1
For w and , r = 0.9902693221 = 0.990
E
1
1
Since r for w and
is closer to 1, the formula
= e + fw is a better model.
E
E
1
on w is appropriate since w is the
The least squares regression line of
E
independent variable.
1
Using GC, the equation of the least squares regression line of
on w is
E
1
= 0.000029587529w + 0.0044040033
E
(iv)
4
3
(iii)
Let B be no. of accidents along EW line per week.

1
B Po
2
A + B Po ( 0.5 + 0.28768 )
= 0.0621 p (1 p )
P ( B = 0 | A + B = 3)
P ( B = 0 ) P ( A = 3)
P ( A + B = 3)
= 0.0487
Let C be the number of accidents along the EW line per month.
=
(iv)
C Po ( 2)
1 P ( C 4 ) = 1 0.94735 = 0.052653
P(more than 52 months with at most 4 railway accidents) = P(less than 8 months
with more than 4 railway accidents)
Let X be no. of months, out of 60, with more than 4 accidents.
X ~ B ( 60, 0.052653)
Since n = 60 is large and p = 0.052653 is small such that np = 3.1592 < 5.
X ~ Po ( 3.1592 ) approx
When E = 0.13 kg = 130g , we have

1
= 0.000029587529 w + 0.0044040033
130
w = 111.1381891 = 111.14 ml
13
(i)
4 ln
A Po 4 ln
3
P ( A = 2 ) p (1 p ) 2
(ii)
3
or
4
(ii)
107
0
e 4 = 0.75
P ( X < 8 ) = P ( X 7 ) = 0.984
Let A be no. of accidents along NS line per week.

Note:
If we use P(more than 52 months with at most 4 railway accidents), than
X ~ B ( 60, 0.94735) and since p is large, Poisson approximation will fail.
m
A Po
4
P ( A 1) = 1 P ( A = 0 ) = 1 e 4 = 0.25
9740/02/Prelim/12
9740/02/Prelim/12

2012 HCI MA H2 P2 Prelim Soln

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Hwa Chong Institution

Preliminary Examination 2012

Hwa Chong Institution

Area of paper used, A = wh

We have ( w 4)( h 8) = 1352

Since R h Dg , therefore gh exists.

Substituting R h as D g into y = g(x) graph,

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

Hwa Chong Institution

Hwa Chong Institution

To minimise the paper used,

Second derivative test:

Hence at h = 60 , the amount of paper used is minimised.

Hence the dimension of the paper is 30 cm by 60 cm.

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

Hwa Chong Institution

Hwa Chong Institution

Given area of region R

> 0 for x > 0

[Note: x-intercept (1.585171 , 0)]

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

For x > 0, ( x + 1) > 0

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

Hwa Chong Institution

Let X be the time spent by a customer at a supermarket.

Hwa Chong Institution

7 ways to slot the 4

4! ways to arrange scholarship

3! ways to arrange 1 unit

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

= 0.0741568558 = 0.0742 (3 s.f.)

7! ways to arrange remaining

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

Hwa Chong Institution

= 0.0741568558 = 0.0742 (3 s.f.)

Hwa Chong Institution

From (i), P( A B ) = 0.0515

( 10C2 10C1 60C1 ) + ( 10C3 10C1 )

= 0.017830271 = 0.0178 (3 s.f.)

= 0.3461095866 = 0.346 (3 s.f.)

Let X be the number of defective SIM cards, out of 10.

= P (Y 27 ) P (Y > 26.5) = 0.00142

P( A) P( B) = 0.0742 0.346 = 0.0256663987 = 0.0257

The customers are ordered as they queue up at the payment counter.

Note: Students can choose to show P( A ' B ') P( A ') P( B ') or

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

Hwa Chong Institution

Hwa Chong Institution

Let mm be the population mean diameter of a miniature wheel.

Let T be an estimator of the population variance 2 . Then T is an unbiased

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

Assumption: X follows a normal distribution.

Since p-value = 0.10849 0.10, we do not reject H 0 at the 10% level of

Hwa Chong Institution 2012

Hwa Chong Institution

Hwa Chong Institution

The scatter diagram seems to indicate a curvi-linear relationship between the

For w and ln E , r = 0.9785715974 = 0.979

Let B be no. of accidents along EW line per week.

When E = 0.13 kg = 130g , we have

Let A be no. of accidents along NS line per week.