Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Heating coil
Controller
Filter
D1
Supply fan
VAV boxes
Pressure
transmitter
Actuator
Discharge
dampers
Flow
D2
Controller
Actuator
D3
Discharge
dampers
Flow
Return fan
Zones
Fig. 1
Traditional Ventilation system
Cooling coil
Pressure
signal
Heating coil
VAV boxes
Filter
Supply fan
D1
Flow
Pressure
transmitter
D2
Return fan
Flow
D3
Fig. 2
The VLT frequency converter solution
Figure 3 graphically shows the difference between
operating at constant speed with a discharge
damper and operating with a variable frequency
drive. Design operation, point A, is only necessary a
small percentage of the time, the majority of the time
the flow rate required is lower depending on the load
profile of the building. As the systems flow rate
requirements decrease to flow 2, at constant speed
the system curve moves up the fan curve to point B.
The pressure generated by the fan at this operation
point, P2, is more than the system requires and the
difference must be absorbed by the dampers. At
variable speed operation, the fan curve moves along
the system curve. The new operating point C is
established. The pressure P3 is now generated which
is what is required by the system. Since the power
consumed by the fan equals the flow times the
pressure divided by the fan efficiency, the pressure
difference between points B and C results in
proportional energy savings.
Flow x Pressure
Power =
Fan eff.
[kW]
Pressure
Constant speed
S1
B
P2
Pressure drop
across damper
S2
A
P1
Variable speed
C
P3
Flow 2
Flow 1
Fig. 3
MN.60.A1.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark
Energy consumed
Flow
Fig. 4
Operating Hours
% Operating hours
25
20
20
15
10
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
876
876
1314
1752
1752
876
876
438
8760 Hours
10
10
10
10
5
0
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 100
Flow (%)
20
15
Figure 5
Fig. 6
MN.60.A1.02 - VLT is a registered Danfoss trademark
Setpoint
100%
Pressure
transmitter
a)
Speed
Supply fan
VAV boxes
b)
Pressure
transmitter
Supply fan
VAV boxes
Setpoint
10%
Speed
91013 kWh
USS 14362
MN60A102
*MN60A102*
Copyright Danfoss, Inc., 2004
Rev. 2003-09-11