LET REVIEWER

BASIC DRAFTING
Drafting- is the primary method of communication between designers and clients, architect,
builders, engineers, and production personnel and between advertisers and customers.
Drawing is considered as as international language of industry.
Technical drawing is a type of drawing that used to show the material, dimension, and shape of
a product.
Freehand Drawing or Sketching- is a graphic language with the use of pencil, eraser, and paper
only. A good freehand drawing should not be drawn with rigidly straight lines. The line should
have a certain freedom and variety.
Mechanical Drawing is used to express the graphic language with the aid of precision drawing
instruments. It is the next stage after a freehand sketch.
Orthographic Projection is the method of representing the exact shape of an object into to two or
more views on planes generally at right angles of 90 degrees to each other by extending
perpendicular from the object to the plane.
Drafting Tools
Pencils- one of the draftsmans most important tools. They come in different grades of hardness
indicated by numbers and letter.
Grades of Pencil

Soft- 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, 6B (Softest)

Medium- 3H, 2H, H, F, HB, B
Hard- 4H, 5H, 6H, 7H, 8H, 9H, (Hardest)

Grades of Pencil used for General Drafting (Drawing)

HB used for lettering

2H used for line work
4H used for general layout purposes

Minimum Requirements for Drafting Students

4H for repenciling light finished lines

F or H for all lettering and freehand work
6H for light construction lines in layout where accuracy is required
2H for visible object line

Triangles- used for drawing vertical and oblique lines

300 X 600 triangle

450 X 900 triangle

Protractor- used for measuring and laying out arcs of circles as well as angles that cannot be
measured by either of the triangles.

Triangular Scale used to reproduce the dimensions of an object full size reduced or enlarged
to some regular proportion.
French Curve- a curve ruler used to draw curves except circles and arcs.
Divider- used for dividing lines into any number of equal parts and transferring measurements
and spacing points or lines.
Compass- used for drawings arcs and circles
T-square- used for drawing horizontal lines and serves as guide for triangles when drawing
other kinds of lines