Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
More
Next Blog
3G / WCDMA / UMTS
Search
CONTRIBUTORS
LTE HSPA
Rajdeep Mukherjee
BLOG ARCHIVE
2012 (2)
January (2)
TOTAL PAGEVIEWS
45,374
FOLLOW BY EMAIL
Submit
Email address...
FOLLOWERS
POPULAR POSTS
Interview Question & Answer For 3G /
WCDMA / UMTS
1) What are the RRC states? a. Cell
DCH b. Cell FACH c. Cell PCH d. URA
PCH 2) Describe different RRC
States? a. Cell DCH...
UE Timers & Constants In RRC Ideal
Mode & Connected Mode
UE Timer and Constant: The following
settings can only be changed when call
status is Idle . T300 RRC Conn Req
Retransmit Timer Thi...
converted by Web2PDFConvert.com
matched filter (that is matched to the Primary Synchronisation Code). The slot timing is detected via detection of
peaks in the output of the matched filter.
c. Frame Synchronisation and Scrambling Code Group Identification: the UE reads the S-SCH of the
strongest carrier, and correlates the received signal with all the possible 64 Secondary Synchronisation Codes. The
output that gives maximum correlation gives the group of the Primary Scrambling Code used in the cell. This
process also gives the frame timing since the Secondary Synchronisation Code is different for each slot and the
group tells the mapping between slots and SSCs.
d. Scrambling Code Identification: The UE attempts then to read the P-CPICH so as to extract the Primary
Scrambling Code used in the cell. The P-CPICH is always scrambled by the Primary Scrambling Code of the cell
and is spread a factor 256 and an OVSF whose index is zero. Since the Primary Scrambling Codes are grouped
into 64 groups of 8 Scrambling Codes and the S-SCH has
given the Scrambling Code group only 8 possibilities remain. So the P-CPICH is unscrambled separately
withevery possible Scrambling Code (8) in the group and only one output will produce correct results and the
Primary Scrambling Code of the cell is determined.
e. Read Broadcast Information: Since the P-CCPCH is always scrambled by the Primary Scrambling Code of the
cell (which has now been determined) and is always spread using SF=256 with OVSF index=1, The UE can read
the P-CCPCH without any problem. The P-CCPCH carries the BCH where system information blocks are
broadcast throughout the entire cell. The UE can acquire at this stage various information (e.g. Spreading
Factors, OVSF indexes and Scrambling Codes used in other downlink channels, important
parameters for PRACH transmission, Measurement Parameters, Transport Formats etc.) and can then
decodeother downlink channels, initiate a PRACH procedure, performs some specific measurements etc.
7) Radio bearer configuration mappings?
Signalling radio bearer RB0 shall be used for all messages sent on the CCCH (UL: RLC-TM, DL: RLC-UM).
Signalling radio bearer RB1 shall be used for all messages sent on the DCCH, when using RLC unacknowledged
mode (RLC-UM).
Signalling radio bearer RB2 shall be used for all messages sent on the DCCH, when using RLC acknowledged mode
(RLC-AM), except for the RRC messages carrying higher layer (NAS) signalling.
Signalling radio bearer RB3 and optionally Signalling radio bearer RB4 shall be used for the RRC messages carrying
higher layer (NAS) signalling and sent on the DCCH in RLC acknowledged mode (RLC-AM).
Additionally, RBs whose identities shall be set between 5 and 32 may be used as signalling radio bearer for the RRC
messages on the DCCH sent in RLC transparent mode (RLC-TM).
8) What are the types of hand over?
Here are following categories of handover (also referred to as handoff):
Hard HandoverHard handover means that all the old radio links in the UE are removed before the new radio
links are established. Hard handover can be seamless or non-seamless. Seamless hard handover means that the
handover is not perceptible to the user. In practice a handover that requires a change of the carrier frequency
(inter-frequency handover) is always performed as hard handover.
Soft Handover
Soft handover means that the radio links are added and removed in a way that the UE always keeps at least one
radio link to the UTRAN. Soft handover is performed by means of macro diversity, which refers to the condition
that several radio links are active at the same time. Normally soft handover can be used when cells operated on
the same frequency are changed.
Softer handoverSofter handover is a special case of soft handover where the radio links that are added and
removed belong to the same Node B (i.e. the site of co-located base stations from which several sector-cells are
served. In softer handover, macro diversity with maximum ratio combining can be performed in the Node B,
whereas generally in soft handover on the downlink, macro diversity with selection combining is applied.
Generally we can distinguish between intra-cell handover and inter-cell handover. For UMTS the following types of
handover are specified:
Handover 3G -3G (i.e. between UMTS and other 3G systems)
FDD soft/softer handover
FDD inter-frequency hard handover
FDD/TDD handover (change of cell)
TDD/FDD handover (change of cell)
TDD/TDD handover
Handover 3G - 2G (e.g. handover to GSM)
Handover 2G - 3G (e.g. handover from GSM)
The most obvious cause for performing a handover is that due to its movement a user can be served in another
cell more efficiently (like less power emission, less interference). It may however also be performed for other
reasons such as system load control.
9) What are types of measurements?
Intra-frequency measurements: measurements on downlink physical channels at the same frequency as the
active set. A measurement object corresponds to one cell.
Inter-frequency measurements: measurements on downlink physical channels at frequencies that differ from
the frequency of the active set and on downlink physical channels in the active set. A measurement object
corresponds to one cell.
Inter-RAT measurements: measurements on downlink physical channels belonging to another radio access
technology than UTRAN, e.g. GSM. A measurement object corresponds to one cell.
Traffic volume measurements: measurements on uplink traffic volume. A measurement object corresponds to
one cell.
Quality measurements: Measurements of downlink quality parameters, e.g. downlink transport block error rate.
A measurement object corresponds to one transport channel in case of BLER. A measurement object corresponds
to one timeslot in case of SIR (TDD only).
UE-internal measurements: Measurements of UE transmission power and UE received signal level.
UE positioning measurements: Measurements of UE position.
10) What is paging? Why paging is required?
Paging: This procedure is used to transmit paging information to selected UEs in idle mode, CELL_PCH or
URA_PCH state using the paging control channel (PCCH).
Paging can be initiated :
Upper layers in the network may request paging, to e.g. establish a signaling connection.
UTRAN may initiate paging for UEs in CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state to trigger a cell update procedure.
UTRAN may initiate paging for UEs in idle mode, CELL_PCH and URA_PCH state to trigger reading of
converted by Web2PDFConvert.com
converted by Web2PDFConvert.com
converted by Web2PDFConvert.com
Auto
Attach
When
Power
On
PS Call
Enabled
Disabled
If
MNO I
It will perform a combined Attach
If NMOII
It will do a LAU and Attach.
3 comments:
Varun Gupta 2 November 2012 at 09:45
when UE is in cell_pch or URA_pch state,and ue has some data to send,then which message it send
to UT RAN or what procedure it goes through to move to cell_fach state so that it can send its
data????
Reply
converted by Web2PDFConvert.com
Akaas Developer
questions-interviews.com
Reply
Publish
Preview
Newer Post
Home
PAGES
Home
converted by Web2PDFConvert.com