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DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURE
DP-EPD-302

VII.
7.1

TRAINING MANUAL
FOR PIPING DESIGNER

Page 185 of 206

PIPING LAYOUT AND ISOMETRIC DRAWING

PIPING LAYOUT DRAWING
The following general rules shall be followed to give consistent drawing
presentation :
Lower plans of areas must contain the Area M.L. indicated by coordinates.
Upper plans of areas should contain the Area M.L indicated by coordinates
only when piping, platforms, etc., extend through or are adjacent to the
M.L.
Where applicable, Battery Limit, Unit Limit and Drawing Limit lines shall
be shown and located.
Drawing numbers of piping plans above and below shall be indicate : i.e.,
for piping plan below EL. 112-6.
Use coordinates to locate vessels, equipment, and column lines (use the
same coordinate and points of reference as given on the Construction Issue
plot plan).
Identify each vessel or item of equipment by the number given on the plot
Plan. Place this number along the centerline in bold printing, to stand out
from the rest of the notes. Where a vessel or equipment item extends
vertically through more than one plan, identify it in the same way.
Tag instruments, relief valves, steam traps, column center lines, etc., with
appropriate numbers in a 7/16 Dia. Circle.
Tag nozzle designations and skirt openings, etc., within a square box.
Do not give the size and / or rating of nozzles.

Piping
Indicate all piping 12 and blow as single line and all piping 14 and
above as double line.

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Page 186 of 206

Give the bottom elevation of groups of lines such as in the yard,

established elevation for all other lines, and work point centerline for
sloping lines.
Locate every change of direction of a line, and every branch line into it,
even where this ascertainable from fitting to fitting dimensions.
The following apply for lines passing vertically through more than one
plan:
When the line appears in one drawing, indicate the line number,
centerline elevation and location at the origin.
When the line appears on two or more drawings, indicate the line
number, centerline elevation, and location at the origin. The line
number only should be repeated once on subsequent plans.

Give location, elevation, and line number of all lines leaving an area
outside the area match line, even though some of the information may be
repeated elsewhere on the drawing.

Locate, but do not give the length of, flanged piping components such as
separators, strainers, etc., even if these are specials. The isometric shall
give this information.

Show small by-passes around valves.

Indicate and locate branch lines to pumps from cooling water headers,
gland oil headers, etc., the continuation of this piping is detailed on the
isometric only.

At pumps with lube oil consoles and /or vacuum exhaust turbines, an
auxiliary plan should be made, indicating such piping as cooling water,
gland oil, lube oil, etc., with dimensions.

Increased line sizes, due to span purpose, are indicated as : LA-214-3/4

(1-1/2).

Do NOT call out reducing fittings.

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Page 187 of 206

Indicate and locate fire hydrants and hose monitors.

Indicate and locate fire hydrants and hose monitors.

Indicate handwheel orientation for socket weld, flanged, and butt welded
valves.
Partially indicate cold insulation over 3 thick.

Use dimensions to locate the following :

a) Pipe lines passing over matchlines, with respect t column centerlines
preferably, or equipment centerlines where there are no columns.
Make these lines locating dimensions continuous between column
lines, and include the closing dimension.
b) Piping within the area, i.e. the line runs, changes of direction,
branches, and piping items within a run, with respect to the
centerlines of vessels, equipment, nozzles or adjacent pipe runs.
c) Where a line crosses a matchline at horizontal angle, give the line
number and horizontal location only.

Coordinates under 1-0 to be given in feet and inches, i.e. 0-6.

Give dimensions up to but excluding 1-0 in inches, and round off to the
nearest 1/16.

Give metric dimensions in millimeters rounded off to the nearest 5mm,

except where dictated by equipment connections, fitting to fitting
arrangements or triangulations which shall be given to the nearest
millimeter.

Instruments/Electrical and Auxiliaries

Show, but do not dimension, level Controllers, Level Alarms, and Level
Gauges, along with connecting piping.
a) Tag every instrument with the primary identification number given on
the flow sheet.
b) Do NOT locate Tis, Pis, or Sample Points.

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DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURE
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TRAINING MANUAL
FOR PIPING DESIGNER

Page 188 of 206

c) Do NOT show couplings or flanges on TIs, or valves on PIs and

Sample Points, when located in piping.

Indicate and identify instrument panels.

Indicate and identify electrical components which may affect the design
of piping, such as lighting panels, receptacle panels, pull boxes, etc.

Indicate, identify and locate by coordinate, flood light poles within the
area limits.

Draw in as a rectangle all control valve assemblies, using the instrument

number as identification, indicating those handwheels in vertical lines
which project out of the symbol rectangle. Locate a control valve set by
means of the attaching lines. The width of the rectangle shall be equal to
the O.D. of a line spec flange.

Orifice runs which are larger than the lines of which they form a part are
identified by line number and size, with the increased size in brackets :
e.g. 0-111-3 (40).

Give dimensions relative to horizontal orifice runs or position, and

elevation of vertical orifice flanges. Give the tag number of the orifice
and indicate the tap location (do not show valves).
a) Indicate and dimension the width of instrument and / or electrical
racks in yard
b) Indicate instrument and / or electrical racks in areas.

Steel and Concrete

The following items shall be indicated :

a) Davits (exchanger davits, MH davits, vessel davits, including support
bracket, etc.)
b) Ladders and cages

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DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURE
DP-EPD-302

TRAINING MANUAL
FOR PIPING DESIGNER

Page 189 of 206

c) Double bracket pipe supports on vertical vessels (including those for

multiple lines)
d) Major support steel in structures, building, etc.
e) Trenches
f) Vessels supports
g) Platform brackets on vertical vessels
h) Trolley beams
The following items should be indicated and located as noted :
a). Yard supports (centerline)
b). Columns as noted on plot plan (centerline)
c). Concrete walls, curbs, etc. (inside wall plus height)
d). Earthen Dikes (centerline)
e). Platforms
1) Give platform elevation (Platform elevation is to the top of steel).
2) Do NOT dimension platforms.
3) Do NOT show handrail (s).
4) Platform outlines should be as shown below. Do not differentiate
between grating and plate.
f). Building, control houses, analyzer houses, etc. (edge of building per
plot plan)
Miscellaneous
Pulling Area
Indicate, but no NOT dimension or call out, tube or bundle pulling
areas for such items as exchangers, heating coils in lube oil reservoirs,
cylinders on reciprocating compressors, etc.

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DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURE
DP-EPD-302

TRAINING MANUAL
FOR PIPING DESIGNER

Page 190 of 206

Drop Out Area

Indicate and call out, but do NOT dimension, drop out areas for towers
or reactors.
North Arrows
Descriptive north stanpats must be used on all piping plans. The arrow
should be placed in the upper right hand corner of the drawing.
On process unit piping plans, true north shall not be indicated unless
required by the client.
On offsite piping plans, plant north shall be indicated.
Preferably, all piping plans should be drawn in the same relative
direction as the plot plan.

Notes
The following notes shall appear on the main key plan of each area above
the revision box.
1. For General Notes
2. For Abbreviations
3. For additional piping plans in this area

Additional notes may be given by the work Group Leader as required.

Grade Elevations other than 100-0 or 100.000 MM should be so noted

on each piping plan @ grade.

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DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURE
DP-EPD-302

7.2

TRAINING MANUAL
FOR PIPING DESIGNER

Page 191 of 206

PIPING ISOMETRIC DRAWING

Since the layout drawings do not contain piping details, the isometric is
required to present sufficient pipeline information for the field or shop
fabricator to produce detailed fabrication drawings. Isometrics shall be
drawn for all piping except as noted in the detail design highlights portion
of the project technology work plan.
Complicated and overcrowded isometrics shall be avoided since they
require excessive drafting and checking time and are more prove to
mistakes. The following rules shall be adhered to when preparing
isometrics :

Each isometric shall represent one line number

One line number can be on more than one isometric (sheet 1 of 2, etc.)

Shop lines from one adjacent area to another shall terminate at a

natural break point (no partial spools)

Isometric will be drawn per area breakdown

Field lines from one adjacent area to another shall terminate at the area
match line

Identical lines within an area shall be accounted for on individual

isometrics

No isometrics shall be issued with holds

The following should be required to be on separate isometrics. Check with

each project detail design highlights for direction.

Carbon steel 3 and larger

Carbon steel 2 and smaller

All stainless steel

All alloy

All aluminum

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DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURE
DP-EPD-302

TRAINING MANUAL
FOR PIPING DESIGNER

All impact tested carbon steel

All lined pipe

All boiler code pipe

All large O.D. (26 and above)

Heavy wall carbon steel (900 and above)

Page 192 of 206

In general, Piping Design will be responsible for all isometrics on a

project. However, certain conditions may apply where piping Mechanical
is responsible for certain types of isometrics and details, such as, refractory
lined pipe or other specialty type items highlighted on the P & IDs or in
the design highlights.
The following general rules shall be followed :

The Work Group Leader will make available any special stamps or
notes required on the isometric with implementation directions
included in the design highlights. Any stamps or notes should be
placed in the area above the title block.

Hard piped underground isometrics shall generally extend above

ground from 1 (300 mm) to 3 (900 mm) above grade to the face of
flange, with the bolts and gaskets included with the A/G isometric.
When required, insulating kits will also be included with the A/G
isometric

N/S and E/W designations are to be used as a suffix to all coordinates.

COD isometric numbers shall be placed at the isometric match lines, as

well as at other continuation points, and shall include the line number,
centerline elevation and coordinate.

Place line number, size and direction of flow on the isometric pipeline.

Indicate personnel protection insulation breaks on the isometric 7

(2200 mm) above any operating level, including within 18 (450 mm)
from outside of platform.

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DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURE
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TRAINING MANUAL
FOR PIPING DESIGNER

Page 193 of 206

For out of spec flanges, call-out the flange requirement (e.g. 3 300#
WNF) rather than indicating a spec break.

Identify item number for in-line and branch instruments, relief valves,
traps, specialty, item, in-line piping, mechanical items and structural
columns in diameter circles.

Indicate, but do not locate, the matchline where a line passes from one
plan drawing to another in the same area (horizontal and vertical).

Except for in spec flanges, 90 long radius elbows, equal tees and
standards bolts and gaskets all other piping material shall be called out
on the isometric using the pipe spec short codes. When both slip-on
and weld-neck flanges are in the spec, the slip-on should be called out
on the isometrics.

When the pipe spec schedule is calculated, the schedule must be

entered on the isometric and entered under miscellaneous material.

Figure 8s, blanks and spacers shall be indicated and called out on the
isometric.

Chain operators on valves shall be indicated and called out on the

isometric and listed under miscellaneous material.

When Y type strainer is not in the pipe spec it shall be called out and
listed under miscellaneous material.

When T type strainers are out of spec. It shall be indicated and called
out on the isometric and listed under miscellaneous material. When
strainer is in horizontal line and angled down at 45, a drain valve
must be tapped in the blind flange with adequate clearance for basket
removal.

Field welds shall be located for following conditions :

Shop to shop pieces
Shop to field pieces
Shop piece to welded equipment nozzle
At butt welded RV and CV in shop fab piping

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DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURE
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TRAINING MANUAL
FOR PIPING DESIGNER

Page 194 of 206

Spool piece sizes shall normally be limited by the shipping

dimensions. Check with the design highlights for proper maximum
spool dimension requirements. Usually 40 (12000 mm) X 8 (2400
mm) for 3 to 24 pipe and 20 (6000 mm) X 4 (1200 mm) for 2 pipe
and below.

Use the outside of pipe to outside of pipe or fitting to calculate the

overall spool piece dimensions. Base supports, trunnions and welded
valve hand wheels should be included in the overall dimension.

Where possible, locate field welds accessible from platforms, beams,

etc. a minimum of 18 (450 mm) above platforms or grade if preferred.

Field welds should be arranged to eliminate difficult and tedious

alignment. These type of conditions should be done by the shop where
possible.

Field welds should not be located on in spec butt welded valves.

Field welds should not be located at branch welds, except where

header is field rum pipe.

Do not locate field welds at dissimilar material. Add 1 (300 mm) of

out of spec pipe in shop and then place field weld.

Do not locate field welds within 18 (450 mm) or flanges within 2

(600 mm) of main yard steel.

Spool piece mark numbers shall be indicated on the isometric in a

circle as described in the general notes section. Spool shall be
numbered with direction of flow.

No partial piece marks shall be used. The field weld should be placed
at the last natural break on the isometric with a dotted line continuing
to the match line and the piece mark assigned by the continuing
isometric.

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DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURE
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TRAINING MANUAL
FOR PIPING DESIGNER

Page 195 of 206

For butt welds and in the vertical field welds shall preferably be in the
horizontal position for socketwelds. Check with design highlights for
Constructability preference.

Horizontal angles shall be drawn with the reference triangle in the

horizontal plane and vertical angles with the reference triangle in the
vertical plane. Indicate the angles as being slight angles rather than
steep. The linear and angular dimensions shall indicate the size of the
angle.

Indicate the short code on the body of the isometric for all in-spec
valves.

Indicate the handwheel for all flanged, butt welded and socket welded
valves. Give handwheel orientation if it is other than N, S, E, W or up.
Rotate flanged valves to standard bolt hole orientation where possible.
Otherwise, call out the required flange rotation.

Nipples shall be indicated on the isometric as NIP (in-line) and BRN

(branch). The standard length is 4 (100 mm). Out of spec nipples shall
have end conditions called out. All swage nipples shall be called as
CSW or ESW with end conditions specified an with FOB and
FOT designated for ESW. The end conditions are as follows :
OE = Thread one end (nipple only)
BB = Bevel both ends (nipple and swage)
TT = Thread both ends (nipple and swage)
TB = Large end threaded (swage only)
BT = Large end beveled (swage only)
(only use the above terms, no plain ends to be used)

The instrument tag number shall be the primary instrument number

shown on the P & ID. Piping will furnish through the primary valve on
the pressure connection and the olet or flange on the temperature

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FOR PIPING DESIGNER

Page 196 of 206

connection. The flanged projection shall be a long WNF 5 (125 mm)

from OD of pipe.

Orifice flanges shall be called out and shown per indicating tap
orientation, size and type from the following :
Tap size =

1/8 (3 mm) 8 and below

(7 mm) 10 14
3/8 (10 mm) 16 24
(12 mm) 26 30

Flanged extra length bolts shall not be called out. Usually is set up to
account for them with orifice flanges. Restriction orifices shall be
located and identified along with extra bolt lengths called out.

Branch connections for pipe to pipe branches shall be indicated by the

symbol (e.g. BRW for no pad or BRP with pad) per the pipe spec
or piping mechanical requirements.

Mitered elbows shall be identified with the required number of welds

and called out on the isometric as a 2 weld miter, etc.

Shop fabricated bends shall be called out as bend with prefix indicating
diameter i.e., 5 dia. Radius bend. Allow for tangent requirements per
the design highlights.

Trunnions should not be indicated with the original drafting of the

isometric. They will be added to the isometrics by piping from the
piping Mechanical comments to checked isometrics.

Presentation (Material Procedure)

All material shall be accounted for in the appropriate blocks on the

isometric form. The three digit short code should be used for all line
class piping items.

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DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURE
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All specialty in-line items, such as SP, ST, RV, Instruments, Piping
Mechanical, Trunnions, etc. shall be listed in the miscellaneous
material section, under description column. Items, such as equipment
and branch type instruments should not be listed.

Reducing fittings, branch connections and nipples should be listed in

the column indicated on right side of sheet. Line class pipe, fittings,
and valves shall be completed with the appropriate short codes shown
along the bottom portion of the isometric.

Shop or field (S or F) must be assigned to all material, except for bolts

and gaskets and non-butt welded valves, which are indicated on the
isometric form as field. When butt-weld or socket weld valves are shop
fabricated, mark through the (field) call out.

The pipe schedule must be entered from the nomenclature when the
line class indicated calculate. The column shall not be filled in when
schedule is per spec. Standard bolts shall be entered as the number of
sets required, not individual bolts.

Extra length bolts shall be listed in 1/4: increments as miscellaneous

material by the individual number, non in sets, with the diameter X
length shown in the size column. Field butt welds shall be taken off as
a BUW short code in the fittings section. When an isometric breaks
at a FW, FW should not be taken off on both isometrics. All nipples
and swages shall have the proper end code listed.

Chain operators, extension stems, post indicators, etc. should be shown

in the miscellaneous material section. Insulating gasket kits should be
listed in the miscellaneous material section, not as a gasket set. Olets
shall indicate header size X branch size under the size column. The
description column is required for out of spec items with no short
codes, such as control valves, relief valves, SP items, etc.

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TRAINING MANUAL
FOR PIPING DESIGNER

Page 198 of 206

All reducers and swages shall give both sizes under the size column.
When Y-strainers are in the line class, list the short code in the fittings
section. When not, list the strainer in the miscellaneous materials
section with description. Branch welds shall be listed in the fittings
section as BRW per size of the branch.

Orifice flanges shall be taken off as a set in the flange column along
with bolts and gaskets in field column. The bolts and gaskets (even
though 300 # and extra length) shall not be called out on the isometric
and will accounted for in special form sheet with the orifice flange.
When isometric require 300# flanges, bolts or gaskets that are in 150#
specs, they shall be listed in the miscellaneous column with the rating
shown under description. (except for orifice flanges)

Indicate nipple length under size column, only when 7 long nipple is
required, (1/2 X 7 ). Do not indicate standard 4 length. The Pipe
Spec, Temperature, Pressure, Insulation and Paint columns shall not be
repeated when the input data is the same. Pipe lengths shall be
determined from point to point dimensions, without deducting for
valves and fittings for 4 SS/10 CS and below. For 6 SS / 12 CS
and above the valves and fittings shall be deducted from the point to
point dimensions.

Trunnions shall be shown under miscellaneous materials and listed in

the size column as 3 X 4 (inches X feet), with the trunnion number in
the description column. Reinforcing pads shall be entered with short
code RPD under fittings as the branch size. The material shall be
accounted for in the miscellaneous column with size as header size,
schedule per spec, quantity per pad length in feet and pad listed under
description.

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Personnel protection insulation shall be shown under miscellaneous

material with a certain code number and the pipe size / length insulated
under the size and quantity columns. Blind flanges (BLF) and field
welds (FW) should be shown on the same shop (S) line as other
material and will automatically be taken off as field.

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DEPARTMENTAL PROCEDURE
DP-EPD-302

TRAINING MANUAL
FOR PIPING DESIGNER

7.3. EXERCISES

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