1

Pressure Class, Pc

Working Pressure, Pw

Surge Pressure, Ps

Pipe Stiffness, PS

Max .Allowable Deflection from Ring Bending

Vertical Soil Load on the Pipe, Wc

Live Load on the Pipe, WL

Constrained Soil Modulus, Ms

Deflection

10

Combined Loading

11

Buckling

AWWA M45 section 5.7.1.1

ID
OD
Interior Liner Thickness, tL1
External Layer (Top Coat) Thickness, ttc
Total Liner Thickness, tL
t
tt
D
HDB Strain Basis
FS
EH
Pc

Sea Water Intake

Design Pressure = 12 Bar g
700
27''
702.7
718.5
1.0
0.3
1.3
6.6
7.9
711.9
0.66
1.8
18.70
1271.4
12.71

AWWA M45 section 5.7.1.2

Pdesign
Pw

1000
450
OK

AWWA M45 section 5.7.1.3

Ps
(Pw + Ps) / 1.4

550
714
OK

AWWA M45 section 5.7.1.3

E
I
r
d/D

21.690
41.09
355.95
5.00

yt
PS

35.60
114.56

AWWA M45 section 5.7.2

Df

6.73

Sb

1.35
1.50

FS
ya
ya / D
Max Allowable Def.

85.81
12.05
5.00

AWWA M45 section 5.7.3.5

18000

hmin

1.00

hmax
Wc for hmin

5.00
18000

Wc for hmax

90000

AWWA M45 section 5.7.3.6

MP

1.20

P
If for hmin

90000

If for hmax

1.000

Backfill Category

SC2

Backfill Type

Sand

Backfill Compaction Level

LLDF
L1 for hmin

SPD85
1.150

L1 for hmax

6.000

hint

1.157

L2 for hmin

1.650

L2 for hmax

4.040

WL for hmin

55858.63

WL for hmax

4455.45

AWWA M45 section 5.7.3.8

1.195

1.400

Msb
Msn / Msb

Sc
Ms

Msn

10.30

Bd

1460

hmin

3.36

hmax
hmin
hmax
Bd /D

4.08
3.06
2.52

hmin

1.49

hmax

1.39

hmin

5.01

hmax

5.68

2.05

AWWA M45 section 5.7.3

y /D

DL

1.50

Kx

0.10

hmin

y /D < Min (d/D, ya/D)

y /D

hmax

y /D < Min (d/D, ya/D)

0.0257
2.57 %
YES
0.0383
3.83 %
YES

AWWA M45 section 5.7.4

pr

0.00130

b
rc
b rc / Sb

0.00373
0.850
0.235

pr / HDB

0.197

1 - ( b rc / Sb ) / FSpr

0.425

Check Eq 5-22
1 - ( pr / HDB ) / FSb

OK
0.536

Check Eq 5-23

OK

AWWA M45 section 5.7.5.2

k
Rh
hw
Rw

qa

0.30
0.74

hmin

0.973

hmax

1.023

hmin

0.00

hmax
hmin
hmax
Fs

0.00
1.000
1.000

hmin

159.879

hmax
Pv

182.807

2.50

100.00

[ whw min + RwWc] x 10 + Pv

-3

118.000

Check Eq 5-25
[ whw max + RwWc] x 10-3 + Pv
Check Eq 5-25
[ whw min + RwWc + WL] x 10-3
Check Eq 5-25
[ whw max + RwWc + WL] x 10-3
Check Eq 5-25

OK
190.000
NOT OK
73.859
OK
94.455
OK

Design Pressure = 12 Bar g

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm/mm
Gpa
kPa
Bar

kPa

kPa
kPa

GPa
mm4/mm
mm
%

mm
kPa

Table 5-1
mm/mm
mm
%
%

N/m3
m
m
N/m2
N/m2

N/m2
N/m2

MPa
mm
MPa
MPa

MPa
MPa

mm/mm
mm/mm

m
m

kPa
kPa
kPa

kPa
kPa
kPa

Item
Diameter
Stiffness Class
Pressure Class

AWWA M45 (SECOND EDITION) CALCULATIONS

PROJECT: Jazan Construction Water Network Project
Symbol
Units
DN
mm
SN
Pa
PN
Barg

Pipe Parameters
Outer Diameter
Total Wall Thickness
Interior Liner Thickness
External Layer (Top Coat) Thickness
Reinforced (Structural) Wall Thickness
Mean Pipe Diameter
Hoop Tensile Modulus
Hoop Flexural Modulus
Hydrostatic Design Basis
Long Term Ring Bending

OD
tt
tL
ttc
t
D
EH
E
HDB
Sb

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
MPa
MPa
% Strain
% Strain

Permitted Long Term Deflection

d/D

FSpr
Sa
FSb
FSbuckling

x PN
-

System Parameters
Pressure Safety Factor
Maximum Surge Allowance
Bending Safety Factor
Buckling Safety Factor
Load Parameters
Working Pressure
Additional Surge Pressure
Vacuum (0 to -1)
Vehicle Traffic Wheel Load
Direction of Passing Traffic
Vehicle Axle Type
Vehicle Axle Spacing
Length of Tire Footprint
Width of Tire Footprint
Installation Parameters
Minimum Burial Depth (Pipe Crown)
Maximum Burial Depth (Pipe Crown)
Ground Water Level (Pipe Crown) for hmin
Ground Water Level (Pipe Crown) for hmax
Trench Width (Pipe Springline)
Backfill Category (SC1, SC2, SC3, or SC4)
Backfill Type (Sand/Gravel)
Backfill Compaction Level
Backfill Compaction Description

Pw
Barg
Ps
Barg
Pv
Barg
P
kN
Across/Parallel
Single/Tandem
m
tl
m
tw
m

hmin
hmax
hw1
hw2
Bd
SPD
-

m
m
m
m
m
%
-

Backfill Weight
Native Soil Description
Bedding Coefficient
Deflection Lag Factor

gb
Kx
DL

kN/m3
-

Item
Diameter
Stiffness Class
Pressure Class

AWWA M45 (SECOND EDITION) CALCULATIONS

PROJECT: Jazan Construction Water Network Project
Symbol
Units
DN
mm
SN
Pa
PN
Barg

Values for Calculations

Backfill Correction Factor due to Buoyancy
Dry Backfill Constrained Modulus at hmin
Dry Backfill Constrained Modulus at hmax
Native Soil Modulus
Native Soil/Backfill Ratio at hmin
Native Soil/Backfill Ratio at hmax
Trench Width/Diameter
Soil Support Combining Factor at hmin
Soil Support Combining Factor at hmax
Composite Constrained Modulus at hmin
Composite Constrained Modulus at hmax
Shape Factor

Rw
Msb
Msb
Msn
Msn/Msb
Msn/Msb
Bd/DN
Sc
Sc
Sc x Msb
Sc x Msb
Df

MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
-

Maximum Allowable Long Term Deflection

ya / D

Wc
L1
L2
If
WL

y /D

kPa
m
m
kPa
%

Wc
L1
L2
If
WL

kPa
m
m
kPa

y /D

Deflection Prediction at Minimum Depth

Vertical Soil Load at hmin
Load Width Parallel to Direction of Travel
Load Width Perpendicular to Dir. of Travel
Impact Factor
Live Load at hmin
Predicted Deflection
Deflection < Min (d/D, ya/D)
Deflection Prediction at Maximum Depth
Vertical Soil Load at hmax
Load Width Parallel to Direction of Travel
Load Width Perpendicular to Dir. of Travel
Impact Factor
Live Load at hmax
Predicted Deflection
Deflection < Min (d/D, ya/D)

Yes/No

Yes/No

Item
Diameter
Stiffness Class
Pressure Class

AWWA M45 (SECOND EDITION) CALCULATIONS

PROJECT: Jazan Construction Water Network Project
Symbol
Units
DN
mm
SN
Pa
PN
Barg

Pressure Analysis
Pipe Pressure Class
Actual Pressure Safety Factor
Pc > Pw ?
Maximum Pressure with Surge
Actual Surge Safety Factor
FSsurge x Pc > (Pw + Ps) ?
Working Strain due to Internal Pressure
Bending Strain due to Max. Permitted Def.
Rerounding Coefficient
Rerounded Bending Strain
epr / HDB
(1 - eb x rc / Sb) / FSpr
epr / HDB < (1 - eb x rc / Sb) / FSpr ?
Achieved Safety Factor
eb x rc / Sb
(1 - epr / HDB) / FSb
eb x rc / Sb < (1 - epr / HDB) / FSb ?
Achieved Safety Factor

Yes/No
Pw + Ps
Barg
FSa
Yes/No
epr
%
eb
%
rc
eb x rc
%
Yes/No
Yes/No
-

Buckling Analysis at Minimum Depth

Correction Factor for Depth of Fill
Water Buoyancy Factor
Load for Typical Installation
Critical Buckling Pressure
Achieved Safety Factor
FSa > FSbuckling ?
Load for Traffic Installation
Achieved Safety Factor
FSa . FSbuckling ?

Rh
Rw
Wtypical
kPa
qc
kPa
FSa
Yes/No
Wtraffic
kPa
FSa
Yes/No

Buckling Analysis at Maximum Depth

Correction Factor for Depth of Fill
Water Buoyancy Factor
Load for Typical Installation
Critical Buckling Pressure
Achieved Safety Factor
FSa . FSbuckling ?
Load for Traffic Installation
Achieved Safety Factor

Rh
Rw
Wtypical
kPa
qc
kPa
FSa
Yes/No
Wtraffic
kPa
FSa
-

Pc
FSa

Barg
-

FSa . FSbuckling ?

Yes/No

OND EDITION) CALCULATIONS

ater Network Project
Value
700
2,500
12

Sea Water Intake

Value
Value
800
700
2,500
12
10

718.5
7.7
1
0.3
6.4

820.5
8.7
1
0.3
7.4

22,250
23,264
0.66
1.35

22,250
24,395
0.66
1.35

718.50
7.90
1.00
0.30
6.60
711.90
18700
21690
0.66
1.35

5.00

1.8
1.4
1.5
2.5

1.8
1.4
1.5
2.5

1.80
1.4
1.50
2.50

12
4.8
-1
90
Across
Single
0
0.25
0.5

12
4.8
-1
90
Across
Single
0
0.25
0.5

4.50
5.50
1.00
90.00

1
5
5

1
5
5

1.3
SC2
Sand
SPD90
Moderate

1.4
SC2
Sand
SPD90
Moderate

1.00
5.00
0.00
0.00
1.46
SC2
Sand
SPD85

0 to 1 m
0 to 5 m

19
Medium
0.1
1.5

19
Medium
0.1
1.5

18
0.10
1.50

OND EDITION) CALCULATIONS

ater Network Project
Value
700
2,500
12

Sea Water Intake

Value
Value
800
700
2,500
12
10

0.85
9.44
11.63
10.3
1.28
1.04
1.86
1.09
1.01
8.78
10.02
6.5

0.85
9.44
11.63
10.3
1.28
1.04
1.75
1.11
1.02
8.94
10.05
6.5

3.36
4.08
10.30
3.06
2.52
2.05
1.49
1.39
5.01
5.68
6.73

12.75

12.96

12.05

19
1.4
1.65
1.19
55.9
1.52
YES

19
1.4
1.65
1.19
55.9
1.49
YES

18
1.40
1.65
1.19
55.86
2.57
YES

95
6
4.04
1
4.5

95
6
4.04
1
4.5

90
6
4.04
1
4.46

2.33
YES

2.32
YES

3.83
YES

OND EDITION) CALCULATIONS

ater Network Project
Value
700
2,500
12

Sea Water Intake

Value
Value
800
700
2,500
12
10

14.74
2.21
YES
16.8
1.23
YES
0.2985
0.3529
0.6
0.2118
0.4523
0.4684
YES
1.86
0.1569
0.3652
YES
3.49

14.82
2.22
YES
16.8
1.24
YES
0.2968
0.3472
0.6
0.2083
0.4497
0.4698
YES
1.88
0.1543
0.3669
YES
3.57

12.71
5.09
YES
1000
2.83
YES
0.1298
0.3733
0.8500
0.3173
0.1966
0.4250
YES
3.89
0.2351
0.5356
YES
3.42

0.97
0.67
123
618
5.04
YES
78
7.88
YES

0.97
0.67
123
620
5.06
YES
78
7.91
YES

0.97
1.00
118.00
399.70
3.387
YES
73.86
5.412
YES

1.02
0.67
213
710
3.34
YES
117
6.06

1.02
0.67
213
710
3.34
YES
117
6.06

1.023
1.00
190
457.02
2.405
NO
94.45545
4.838

kPa

YES

YES

YES

Bd
Pipe OD
H
A
Bd

mm
mm
mm
mm

820.5
1900
1200
1610.3

718.5
1800
1100
1459.3

Table 10 Minimum hop tensile strength requirements (from Eq 2)

Nominal Pipe Size
in.
mm
1
[25]
1.5
[40]
2
[50]
2.5
[65]
3
[80]
4
[100]
6
[150]
8
[200]
10
[250]
12
[300]
14
[350]
15
[375]
16
[400]
18
[450]
20
[500]
21
[550]
24
[600]
27
[700]
30
[800]
33
[850]
36
[900]
39
[1000]
42
[1100]
45
[1150]
48
[1200]
51
[1300]
54
[1400]
60
[1500]
66
[1700]
72
[1800]
78
[2000]
84
[2200]
90
[2300]
96
[2400]
102
[2600]
108
[2800]
114
[2900]
120
[3000]
132
[3400]
144
[3600]

50

[345.0]

100
150
200
250
300
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1500
1600
1800
2000
2100
2400
2700
3000
3300
3600
3900
4200
4500
4800
5100
5400
6000
6600
7200
7800
8400
9000
9600
10200
10800
11400
12000
13200
14400

[18]
[26]
[35]
[44]
[53]
[70]
[105]
[140]
[175]
[210]
[245]
[263]
[280]
[315]
[350]
[368]
[420]
[473]
[525]
[578]
[630]
[683]
[736]
[788]
[841]
[893]
[946]
[1051]
[1156]
[1261]
[1366]
[1471]
[1576]
[1681]
[1786]
[1891]
[1996]
[2102]
[2312]
[2522]

Pressue Class - psi [kPa]

100
[689.0]
150
Minimum Hoop Tensile Strength lbf / in. of width (k
200
[35]
300
300
[53]
450
400
[70]
600
500
[88]
750
600
[105]
900
800
[140]
1200
1200
[210]
1800
1600
[280]
2400
2000
[350]
3000
2400
[420]
3600
2800
[490]
4200
3000
[525]
4500
3200
[560]
4800
3600
[630]
5400
4000
[701]
6000
4200
[736]
6300
4800
[841]
7200
5400
[946]
8100
6000
[1051]
9000
6600
[1156]
9900
7200
[1261]
10800
7800
[1366]
11700
8400
[1471]
12600
9000
[1576]
13500
9600
[1681]
14400
10200
[1786]
15300
10800
[1891]
16200
12000
[2102]
18000
13200
[2312]
19800
14400
[2522]
21600
15600
[2732]
23400
16800
[2942]
25200
18000
[3152]
27000
19200
[3362]
28800
20400
[3573]
30600
21600
[3783]
32400
22800
[3993]
34200
24000
[4203]
36000
26400
[4623]
39600
28800
[5044]
43200

m Eq 2)

essue Class - psi [kPa]

[1034.0]
200
[1379.0]
Strength lbf / in. of width (kN / m of width)
[53]
400
[70]
[79]
600
[105]
[105]
800
[140]
[131]
1000
[175]
[158]
1200
[210]
[210]
1600
[280]
[315]
2400
[420]
[420]
3200
[560]
[525]
4000
[701]
[630]
4800
[841]
[736]
5600
[981]
[788]
6000
[1051]
[841]
6400
[1121]
[946]
7200
[1261]
[1051]
8000
[1401]
[1103]
8400
[1471]
[1261]
9600
[1681]
[1419]
10800
[1891]
[1576]
12000
[2102]
[1734]
13200
[2312]
[1891]
14400
[2522]
[2049]
15600
[2732]
[2207]
16800
[2942]
[2364]
18000
[3152]
[2522]
19200
[3362]
[2679]
20400
[3573]
[2837]
21600
[3783]
[3152]
24000
[4203]
[3468]
26400
[4623]
[3783]
28800
[5044]
[4098]
31200
[5464]
[4413]
33600
[5884]
[4728]
36000
[6305]
[5044]
38400
[6725]
[5359]
40800
[7145]
[5674]
43200
[7565]
[5989]
45600
[7986]
[6305]
48000
[8406]
[6935]
52800
[9247]
[7565]
57600
[10087]

250

[1724.0]

500
750
1000
1250
1500
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
7500
8000
9000
10000
10500
12000
13500
15000
16500
18000
19500
21000
22500
24000
25500
27000
30000
33000
36000
39000
42000
45000
48000
51000
54000
57000
60000
66000
72000

[88]
[131]
[175]
[219]
[263]
[350]
[525]
[701]
[876]
[1051]
[1226]
[1313]
[1401]
[1576]
[1751]
[1839]
[2102]
[2364]
[2627]
[2890]
[3152]
[3415]
[3678]
[3940]
[4203]
[4466]
[4728]
[5254]
[5779]
[6305]
[6830]
[7355]
[7881]
[8406]
[8931]
[9457]
[9982]
[10508]
[11558]
[12609]

Nominal Pipe Size

in.
27

Nominal Pipe Size

in.
27

Nominal Pipe Size

mm
[700]

[689.0]
[1000.0]
[1034.0]
Minimum Hoop Tensile Strength (kN / m of width)
[946]
[1372]
[1419]

kpa

Nominal Pipe Size

mm
[700]

100
145.0
150.0
Minimum Hoop Tensile Strength (lbf / in. of width)
5400
[7832]
8100

psi

50
[345.0]

100
[689.0]
1
2
1

150
[1034.0]
2
4
3

3
6
5

200
[1379.0]
4
8
7

250
psi
[1724.0] kpa
5
10
9