DESIGN OF PIPE CULVERT

1.0

2.0

DATA
Discharge through pipe culvert

1.57 cum/sec

Velocity of flow through pipe

2.00 m/sec

Width of road

7.50 m

Bed level of flow

H1

100 m

Top level of embankment

H2

103 m

Wheel load

62.50 kN

Impact factor

= AxV

1.50

DIAMETER OF PIPE
Discharge

= /4 x d2 x V
d

1.00 m

Adopt RCC NP3 heavy duty non pressure pipe for carrying heavy road to traffic.
Ref. IS: 458-1971, For pipe of Internal Diameter = 1.00 m
Outer Diameter = 1.20 m

3.0

LOAD BY EARTH FILL

Total height

3m

Considering height of culvert

1m

Height of embankment over pipe

2m

59.50 kN/m

62.50 kN

Cs

0.032

From Table 1
Load by earth fill

4.0

LOAD BY VEHICLE WHEEL

Load by vehicle wheel
From Table 2

Load on pipe

= 4 x Cs x I x W
=

5.0

CHECK FOR STRENGTH FACTOR

12.00 kN/m

The type of non pressure pipe and bedding should be so chosen that under
Maximum combination of field loading a factor of safety =
(3-Edge Bearing Strength in kN/m / Factor of safety) =
(Load on pipe by earthfill in kN/m / Corresponding strength factor) +
(Load on pipe by wheel Load in kN/m / Strength factor)
Ref. IS:458-1971 code
Three edge beam strength of NP-3 class 1000 mm diameter of pipe is

111

59.50

1.50
Strength Factor (S.F)

S.F
=

0.902

For First class prepared ground bedding, S.F = 2.3

For concrete cradle bedding, S.F = 3.7
So, Providing any of these two the S.F is more than its required value of S.F.

6.0

REINFORCEMENT IN PIPE
Ref. IS:458-1971,
Spiral reinforcement of hard drawn steel wire with
permissible stress of 140 N/sq.mm is 44 kg/m
Longitudinal reinforcemet of mild steel with a
permissible stress of 126.5 N/sq.mm is 5.8 kg/m
Using 12 mm dia bars @ 60 mm centre as Spiral reinforcement
average diameter of spiral

1.1 m

Weight of one spiral of 12 mm dia

3.072 kg

No. of Spirals in 1 m

16.67

Weight of Spiral reinforcement per meter length of pipe

=

51.20 kg/m

So, Spiral steel provided 51.20 kg/m is more that minimum

reinforcement of 44 kg/m as specified in IS:485-1971.

7.0

LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT
Providing 6 mm dia mild steel bars as Longitudinal Reinforcement.
Weight of each bar

No. of bars required

0.22 kg/m
26.10

Spacing

Adopt 130 mm spacing for the longitudinal reinforcements.

132.40 mm

1.50

111
kN/m
12.00
1.50

Table 1 : Load on Pipe due to Earthfill

Pipe Size (d) Outer Dia (D)
in mm
in mm

Embankment loading on pipe in kN/m for various de

1

500

650

16.8

34.9

54.0

65.3

99.0

600

760

18.7

42.6

62.4

75.5

103.0

700

860

20.0

48.0

68.0

86.5

118.5

800

980

24.2

55.3

79.5

107.0

136.5

900

1100

28.3

58.7

91.5

122.0

150.0

1000

1200

28.6

59.5

101.0

132.0

163.0

1200

1430

33.4

74.0

115.0

159.0

200.0

due to Earthfill
pipe in kN/m for various depths H in metres
6

10

118.5

150.0

171.0

191.0

212.0

133.0

160.5

186.0

197.0

230.0

154.5

174.0

209.0

228.0

246.0

163.0

202.0

230.0

260.0

288.0

185.0

209.0

257.0

297.0

338.0

202.0

228.0

259.0

324.0

357.0

226.0

274.0

315.0

352.0

427.5

Table 2 : Influence Coeffcients 'Cs' for Concentrated Surface

Pipe Size (d) Outer Dia (D)
in mm
in mm

Embankment loading on pipe in kN/m for various de

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

500

650

0.246

0.228

0.198

0.169

0.117

600

760

0.247

0.234

0.210

0.182

0.131

700

860

0.247

0.236

0.215

0.186

0.140

800

980

0.249

0.240

0.220

0.196

0.149

900

1100

0.249

0.241

0.225

0.202

0.156

1000

1200

0.249

0.242

0.228

0.205

0.162

1200

1430

0.249

0.242

0.230

0.209

0.171

r Concentrated Surface Loads

pipe in kN/m for various depths H in metres
0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

0.083

0.060

0.017

0.008

0.005

0.094

0.068

0.022

0.010

0.006

0.102

0.075

0.024

0.010

0.006

0.110

0.083

0.027

0.013

0.007

0.117

0.089

0.029

0.014

0.008

0.123

0.095

0.032

0.015

0.010

0.131

0.104

0.036

0.020

0.011