WiMAX

What
Wh t is
i WiMAX
WiMAX?
?

ABroadbandWirelessAccessNetwork
Implementaton
BasedontheIEEE802.16standard
Fixedandmobilesolutions
Operateswithbothlicencedandunlicenced
frequencies
Intendedforvariousimplementations:asa
backhaulsolution,PTPconnections,PTM
connections,localloop

I
Introduction
d i toWIMAX
WIMAX

The802.16ReferenceModel

MAClayer
Servicespecificconvergencesublayer
Se v ce spec c co ve ge ce sub aye
MACCommonpartsublayer
Security(privacy)sublayer

Physicallayer

WiMAX benefits(1)
b
fi (1)

Good capacity
Goodcapacity
ThetotaltheoreticaldatarateofWiMAX isaround
75Mbpsperchannel
p p

Widerange andscalability (compared toWiFi)

arange
a range ofabout:
of about:
50kminaLOScommunication
67kminaNLOScommunication

scalability due to:

theeasily adaptivenature
fastinstallationofequipment
f
ll
f

WiMAX benefits
b
fi (2)

Powermanagement
g
Lowcost
Easeofinstallation
Security
QoS
Avarietyofsupportedservicesandapplications
VoIP, live streaming audio and video, VoD etc.
VoIP,livestreamingaudioandvideo,VoDetc.

802 16 MAC layer

802.16MAClayer
802.16MAC
l
The802.16MAClayertransmissionschemeis
y

connectionoriented

Oneormorepairsofmanagementconnectionsfor
p
g
managementPDUs

OneormoretransportconnectionsfordataPDUs

MAC PDUs
PDU

Header +(optional)variablelength
( p
)
g p
payload
y
+optional
p
CRC
Generic MAC
header

P l d
Payload

CRC

(optional)

Two types ofheaders

of headers ::
TheGeneric MACheader,theBandwidth request header

The payload may contain 5differentsubheaders:

Thepayload
5 different subheaders:
Thegrantmanagementsubheader,thefragmentation

subheader,thepacking subheader,themesh
subheader,theARQsubheader
bh d
h ARQ bh d

F
Fragmentation
t ti and
d packing
ki

Fragmentation

AsingleMSDU
intomultiple
MPDUs

Packing

MultipleMSDUs
in1MPDU

QoS
Q S
ServiceClasses:

Unsolicited grant service (UGS)

Unsolicitedgrantservice(UGS)

Realtimepollingservice(rtPS)

E
Extendedrealtimevariablerateservice(ERTVR)
d d
l i
i bl
i (ERT VR)

Nonrealtimepollingservice(nrtPS)

Besteffortservice(BE)

802 16 Physical
802.16Physical
802.16
Ph i l layer
l
l
layer

1066GHz forLOScommunication
211GHz forNLOScommunication
WirelessMANSCa
WirelessMANOFDM Usesa256carrierOFDMsignal
WirelessMANOFDMA Usesa2048carrierOFDMsignal

Symbol
S b l mapping
i
QPSK
QPSK,
16 QAM, and
64 QAM

OFDM (1)

Reduces multipath propagation

Mapping ofsymbolstosubcarriers
of symbols to subcarriers

256subcarriers

S b
Subcarrier
i types:
DataSubcarriers forcarryingdatasymbols
PilotSubcarriers
l
b
forchannelestimation
f
h
l
NullSubcarriers forguardbands

OFDM (2)

OFDMusesFastFourierTransform(FFT)tocreate
anumberoforthogonalsubcarriers
T=L*Ts

T durationof
anOFDMsymbol
L numberof
datasymbols
Ts symboltime

OFDMA

Used only inmobileWiMAX (IEEE802.16e)

Employs 2048 subcarriers

Employs2048subcarriers

Scalable

OFDMA:1282048subcarriers

Thenumberofsubcarriers
The number of subcarriers

maybechangeddepending
may
be changed depending
onbandwidthavailabilityofthechannel

MIMO in
i WiMAX

Smartantenna technology
Multipleantennasatthetransmitterandthe
p
receiver
Two MIMOmodes:
MatrixA a singlestream
MatrixB twostreams

Adaptive modulation and

Coding

Themodulationmethodcanbeadaptedtothe
currentchannelconditions

Highdatarateswhenthechannelisgood

Use large constellations:64QAM

Lowerrateswhenthechannelispoor
Use smallconstellations:QPSK
Q

Conclusion
C l i

WiMAX isagood solutionforruralareas

ease ofinstalation ((compared
p
toDSLandCable?))

good covering range andspeed(compared toWiFi?)

Agood
g
way toboost uptheeconomy inunderdeveloped
countries
Agrowing need formobileWiMAX