Gambar

p b. sentrifus kontlnyu dalan rangkaian operasi

(atas), diqgSam intarbagian (il uisriEt-ua3a
pernbalut , (4) . keranSang -nuatan, (l ) sis j_em
penyangga, (4) pengendali, Aari'(5) mas6ecui-te side-feed.

Garnbar4.iiesinsentrifuga1,ver.nGJai:trt.b'er.cyt:Ii-lT:,I"anan (cIosc-Li!)
uaai"u otomati s; Galnbar sebelahclovr
otomat'i-s
|.,,"nui:ui.iin noto r cian lioniro)-,
;:ir'(poros),
p"n,;i;r. senrriiular.
t
gula
"usili'"iii"ij;
i'.ristaI
Ituid eieiitronik-muatari susilensi
("ru";;;ii;i otomatis (tatar belake'ng) '

Gambar

,. PeiobanE!"it listrik

rnesin sentrifuSasi otomati

Gambar

plrlngan )

5. Plesin sentrifugar tj-dak sinaubung, berfuneoi

pen8endapan {settllng), tipe cakrim/plrin! (A),
susunan plrinSan (iLisks,/di-scs) pada' ientrirris' (ts)

Gambar

p c. Sentrifus kontinyu tlpe kerucut

A=perlas-ukan

masaF"r, B=basket,

C=pengeluaran

sirup.

gula,

D=nengeluaran

LAMPIRAN

Ganbar

L5. Tip-e;!1p". rotor urtrasentrlfus analitlk: rotor

analitik (A),

ro!or svring_bucket (Bi.-;;tor ber_

(ansle-h6ad) (c), ;i6r-;;;:erni_h
sesitisa
tgparu
(tuburai
tanuns
clariridr) (o), ionii -b."_
!ipq
trlfuge rotors (E).

Contoh mesin sentrifus tidak sinambung yang lain dapat dilihat pada Ganbar f.

f,tridur

Solidl

(a)

j-::1'.:---J

ijji'iii,

Gambar

B. Sentrifugal k'onti-nyu Q-ush. lvpe' penyaring'

Ganbar

9 a,

sentrj-fus konlinYu
ftnyaring sendiri.

Skema

tipe konis (kerucut),

l
TABLE E.I
Some Mechanicrl Operations

Names

Ctass of process

Examples

Scparating

Liquids from

liquids

or
centrifugal
separation

Gravity

Separaring water and oil in

the vegetable oil industry
Recovering fish oil
Separating cream from milk

Wet rendering of tallow

solids

Liquids from

Sedimenration
Centrifugation
Filtration
Pressing

Waste water
Starch, any sludge (oil.
milk, waste water, etc.)
Starch, sugar crystals,
spent grain in brewing,

clarifying beverages
seeds, apple juice
production, sugar cane,
removal of water from
spent grain before drying

Oil

Flotation
Solids from solids
According to particle

size

particle
shape, color,
softness, ctc.

According to

Classifying,
sieving
Sorting

Flour milling industry,

starch, grading of peas
Sorting grains by shape

(Trieui process), soiting

coffee beans bv color

Mixing
Flowable phases
Solublc

Stirring

Diluting sugar syrups

Adding acid to milk
Stirring milk and starter
cultures in cheese making
Stirring in heat exchange
tanks (fruit and vegetable

lnsolublc

Stirring

'

pur6e, ice cream, wing

etc.)
Blending sugar syrups and
flavoring in soft drinks
Preventing cream separation
in bulk milk tanks

.---'_-_-..-.

margarine raw material

. .t

Homogenization Milk, salad dressing,

frankfurters
.ij ----

Solid parlicles in

flowable Dispersing

phases
.
High vbcosity

systems

Solids

Kneading
Blending

Dissolving crystalline sugar

Dispersing powders in liquids
(milk powder, chocolale)
Bread making
Cake mixes, dry soup

Size reduction

Homogenization

Liquids

Spraying

Hard, brittle

materials

Impact breaking
Crushing.
Rolling

Breaking nuts, palm nuts

Powdered sugar, flour,
mustard, cocoa
Com ffakes. oatmeal

Cutting

Bread, meat, vegelables, fish

Briquetting,
sintering

Tablets, sugar cubes, dry

soups. animal feeds

grinding

milling
Soft, touglr

matetials

Size enlarganent
Solids

tableting
pclleting

Granulating
Coagulating
Agglomeration and

Sugar, salt
Cheese making

Colfee,

milk powder

instantization

Formingextruding

Tcxturedvegctableproteins,
pasta

{. ClarsJfjcatJon of unlt a'',r.clon ta tod ptoctttlng. (t.'oet laalgert J975t Gear*optlt, t970t Xing, l97u
Unlt oD.t.Blon
I
lxplan ttgn
E.talqrh of pr::i.lca| usa
t. Tr.nglrort
of ltquldr rnd ga:cr
puglng ot r.!er through plplng
o! grurutar ort.rttb
:
pn.uragte tranrpor! of cerealr
2. Slrt raductlotl
dlllng, cutttng
c,.sr.l rtlttng
3. Slrr cnlalgerni
-natcrhb
rh.plng of
breaC uttag
4. iltxlng
douCr pr.Fr.tldrr dry blcndlng o!
coolpllgr tlour
3. Ha.t tran3f.r
hcatlng, coollng
hea3 cxcbangt ln allk p.etcurlsttlon
6. Phur reprr.rton proe..r.t
tadlEnt.tloa
acardr raccwty ln rnrll tacrorht
Coat,rltug.Blon
:
Irg.s gtytt.l rtcovrry trca cryrtrll
Dhatrt rlrlsr.
Flltlrtlon
rlud*/tulcr rep.r.Bloo ln tugar
plto3ilrl'lt
Clnssltlcatlon
talraratlon based on
clonlng gf str.tk befpr ollllng
dl f tcrencee ln denr!,ty
rlaa. rhape or gurfacs
taDtc

7. Molecular separatlon

Protrstles
proceasoa

Dehydratton

Distl llatlon
stitpplng

tranrtar ef water froB

solld !o gas
grangfer of sater fro
llgutd to gas
tranafer froo llguld to gat
tqanafer fron llqutel to gat

ultraflltratlon

segaratlon

Evaporatlon,

Rverse

Adsorpt,lon

Ion exch.nga

Extractlon

Crystalllratton
8. stablltsatlon or Pr.r.rv.tton

processes

.t.ttllsatlon

proe''tng by parclurlr.tlon
Coollng end frectng
Fernentatlon
Radtatlon

sea rater

trrn.fer fron gas to llguld absor.pllon of amnlac fron alr

sl3l vatrr
clartflcagton of nolasses $ri!h
tr.ilt r lro tlguld to a
aetlvatd earbon
rolld ntth a large surface
lra
dergllnatlon gf ehey
oll recovery froo soybean litakes
nay be Uquld-Iiguld or
llqutd-solld
rugar cryrt.l productton fron syrup

Ga! absorptlon

Heat,

conc.ntr.tlgn of ollk and lrult Julcet

rlcdrolle boverages
taParrtlsl 0f arola coqtonontr trotr
cltrut tulco
IlrotGln rocovery froo nhey

of nacroreleeuler
tra ltquld by . tolcctlv?
re*rlna
cep.rrtlon of solvcat by
draallnatlon of
ptttura dlfferoaca acrort
a e.nl-p.Fm.bl. ladraaa

csrcttr

Heat proca3slng by

vegotablcl frult and cereal drylng

green beanl.
grcon beant,

nllk
nllk

and sausages
and sausages

fruttr rrd vrgetables, treat and ftsh

frultr rnd atrple foods
sprout lrdrlbltlon, de-lnfestatlon