A.

DISCUSSION
Standarisasi NaOH with H2C2O4 solution
Standardization is a way to determine the exact concentration of the standard solution.
One way that can be used to standardize is by titration. The solution that is used to
standarized NaOH is H2C2O4 solution.
The standarization is done in three times and the results as follows:
Titrasi ke- Volume titrat (H2C2O4)
1
10 mL
2
10 mL
3
10 mL
Volume total
Rata-rata

Volume titran (NaOH)

10.00 mL
10.00 mL
10.10 mL
30.10 mL
10.03 mL

The average volume of NaOH to titrate of H2C2O4 0.1 N spent was 10.03 mL. After getting
the titration data in three times then the next step is done by calculation:
The average volume of NaOH (V1)= 10.03 mL
The volume of H2C2O4 (V2) = 10 mL
Normality of H2C2O4 (N2)= 0,1000 N
equivalen titran = equivalen titrat
equivalen NaOH = equivalen H2C2O4
V1 x N1 = V2 x N2

N1

V2 N 2 10 mL x 0,1 N

0,100
V1
10.03 mL

So, after we did standarization got the concentration of NaOH is 0.100 N.

Standardization of NaOH solution is done by titration using phenolptahile indicator which
has the trajectory pH 8.2-10.00. In this standardization is used NaOH as titrant and H2C2O4 as
titrat. Titrat already containing phenolpthaline indicator observed color change from colorless
to fuchsia. The reaction that occurs in the standardization of NaOH solution with H2C2O4
solution is as follows:
H2C2O4(aq) + NaOH(aq) Na2C2O4(aq) + H2O(l)
Titration of vinegar
Generally, vinegar contains acetic acids. Vinegar that used is as figure below:

The amount of acetic acid in solution that contain vinegar can be determine by titration
use standard solution of NaOH. In this case, will be occurs equivalen point. To determine the
equivalen point is used phenolpthaline. Phenolpthalin is colorless. The equivalen point
represent by the following reaction:
CH3COOH (aq) + NaOH (aq) CH3COONa (aq) + H2O (l)
Titration is done in three times. The volume of NaOH that used can be seen in the table
below:
No Titrasi ke1
I
2
II
3
III
Total
Avarage

Volume HCl
8.20 mL
8.40 mL
8.30 mL
24.90 mL
8.30 mL

The percentage of acetic acid in solution of vinegar

The percentage of acetic acid can be found by the following eaquation:

The volume of NaOH used = 8.30 mL

The normality of NaOH (after standarize) = 0.100 N

The calculation of concentration of CH3COOH in food vinegar

Reaction: CH3COOH(aq) + NaOH(aq) CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l)
V CH3COOH = 2 mL
V NaOH = 8.30 mL
M NaOH = 0,1 M
V CH3COOH x N CH3COOH = V NaOH x M NaOH
10 mL x N CH3COOH = 8.30 mL x 0,1N
N CH3COOH = 0.083 N
M CH3COOH = 0.083 M
The calculation of concentration of vinegar before diluting
M2 = 0,083 M
V2 = 100 mL
V1 = 2 mL
V1 x M1 = V2 x M2
2 mL x M1 = 100 mL x 0,083 M
M1 = 4.15 M
The calculation of degree of food vinegar

M asamcuka=

10
M r CH 3 COOH

4.15= % x 1.05 x 10/60

% = 23.71 %
From these calculations above obtained the percentage of acetic acid in food vinegar is
23.71%. The percentage obtained is different from the percentage indicated on the product
packaging is 25%. In this case there is a difference between the degree of acetic acid
indicated on the packaging food vinegar with vinegar acid degree obtained from experiments
at 1.29%.
Conclusion
The experiment above can be done by doing the procedure below:
First by making NaOH and oxalate acid solution 0.1 N. In this case NaOH should be
standardized before used in further titration in determining the percentage of acetic
acid in commercial vinegar where oxalate acid was used in this standardization.
Finally, from these procedure, we can get the percentage of CH3COOH in
commercial vinegar is 23.71%.