Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
C2
Cooler
HE#2
J1
Heat Exchanger Depressure Valve
13
15
14
12
11
CP2
Compressor
10
Off gas
Raw gas
4
19
20
LNG
18
CP1
Compressor
17
16
C1
Cooler
C3
HE#1
Cooler Heat Exchanger
J1
HE#3
CP3
EP1
Compressor Expander Heat Exchanger Depressure Valve
T1
Separator
II.
A. 1.1 Cryogenic
I.
INTRODUCTION
TABLE I.
Item
Off gas
Simulation Parameters
4 5
Raw gas
C3H8 precooling
N2
cooling
Off gas
P1=0.1MPa,T1=35,P2=1MPa,T3=35,T4=-35,T5=145,P6=0.2MPa
P12=2MPa,T13=35,T14=30,T15=-33
12
P17=1MPa,T18=35,T19=-35,P20=0.2MPa,T16=-20
Product gas
P10=30
Product
P7=0.2MPa
Compress
or
Expander
e=0.75,m=0.95
Cooler
Pressure drop=0
Raw gas
1
e=0.75,m=0.95
recovery
0.4
30000
20000
10000
0
liquefying
rate
0.2
0
Energy consumption
kJ/kmol
purity/recovery
/liquefying rate
energy
consumption
0.8
0.6
70000
60000
50000
40000
purity
E.
1.2 PSA
T1/2/3
Adsorption Tower
10
11
V1
CP3 CP2
CL2
Vacuum vessel Pump Compressor Cooler
P1=0.1MPa,T1=35,P2=1MPa,T3=35
Adsorbent bed
User-defined
PSA model
Tpes+Tas=180s,
TCPR=60s,TcCPR+TVs180s,Pas=1MPa,PCPR=0.2MPa,PcCP
R=0.1MPa,Pvs=0.05MPa
Compressor
e=0.75,m=0.95
Cooler
Pressure drop=0
3
6
CP1
CL1
Compressor Cooler
1.2
V2
Product vessel
Adsorbent
35000
30000
0.8
25000
0.6
20000
energy
consumption
recovery
0.4
15000
10000
0.2
5000
0
0.4
0.9
Fig.4
0.6
0.7
0.8
raw gas methane mol%
0.9
21700
purity
0.7
0.6
21650
21600
recovery
21550
0.5
21500
0.4
energy
consumption
0.3
21450
21400
0.2
21350
0.1
21300
0
0.5
21750
0.8
21250
0.4
Infiltration gas
Fig.6
0.5
0.6
raw gas methane mol%
0.7
0.8
the effect of support layer. Fig 5 shows the process flow. The
CH4/H2 mixing gas is compressed and cooled before to a
buffer vessel then to the membrane unit. For the infiltration
ratio of methane is bigger than nitrogen, the rich methane gas
across from the membrane to another buffer vessel, then to
product vessel after compressed and cooled. The tail
infiltration gas rich nitrogen comes out from the other side of
the membrane.
I.
Raw gas
6
CP1
CL1
Compressor Cooler
Fig.5
D1
Buffer vessel
M1
Membrane unit
D2
CL2
D3
CP2
Buffer vessel Compressor Cooler Product vessel
Energy consumption,kJ/kmol
40000
purity
Energy consumption,kJ/kmol
1.2
Fig.7
24000
23500
energy
consumption
23000
22500
22000
21500
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
raw gas methane mol%
Min GSE corresponding to different CH4 composition
TABLE III.
Item
Simulation Parameters
Raw gas
P1=0.1MPa,T1=35,P2=1MPa,T3=35
User-defined
separation model
Compressor
Cooler
Pressure drop=0
Sf=S1y1S2y2Ry1lny1y2lny2 SE
(4)
TABLE IV.
Separation
process
S0=S1y1S2y2
Based raw gas and products for the ideal mixture, that
is, H=0, SE=0, so raw gas exergy:
Exf=RT0y1lny1y2lny2
(6)
Product exergy:
Ex1=RT0ya1ln ya1ya2ln ya2
(7)
Ex2=RT0yb1ln yb1yb2ln yb2
(8)
Therefore the required minimum energy of feed gas ( N
mol/h) separated into two flows (Na and Nb mol/h) at
pressure P0 and temperature T0 is:
Wmin= Ex=NaEx1NbEx2NExf
(9)
C. 2Theoretic Separation Energy Consumption
Analysis
The gas theoretic separation energy consumption
includes the feed gas energy consumption of compression,
cooling energy consumption and minimum separation of
power. Through simulation analysis, with certain product
concentration and recovery of methane gas, the theoretic
separation energy consumption of different composed
materials can be obtained. Figure 7 shows the theoretic
separation energy consumption of the different feed gas
concentrations of methane at the 10bar, 35 . The
methanegas concentration is 0.9 and recovery is 0.9. Seen
from Figure 7, gas theoretic separation energy consumption
decreases with the increasing of methane concentration of
feed gas.
CH4
Recovery
CH4
Purity
Energy
consumption,
104kJ/kmol
Ratio to
theoretical
energy
consumption
0.9
0.9
2.3
DC
0.91
0.63
5.2
2.3
PSA
0.75
0.89
3.6
1.6
Membrane
0.64
0.72
2.7
1.2
Energy Consumption
composition
Influencing factors
Power consumption of
compressor; Cooling energy
consumption,
min GSE
Power
consumption
of
compressor; Cooling energy
consumption,
both raw and product
Power
consumption
of
compressor; Cooling energy
consumption,
both raw and product
Power
consumption
of
compressor, Cooling energy
consumption,
both raw and product
Composition,
pressure
and
temperature of raw gas, CH4
recovery and purity of product
gas.
Composition,
pressure
and
temperature of raw gas;
Flowrate,
pressure
and
temperature of refrigerant.
Composition,
pressure
and
temperature of raw gas;
Adsorbent parameters;
PSA cycle parameters
Composition,
pressure
and
temperature of raw gas;
Membrane and relevant device
parameters;
3 CONCLUSION