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( Reaffirmed 2004 )
Indian Standard
ELECTROTECHNICALVOCABULARY
PART
38
POWElfBTRANSFORMERS
(
UDC
REACTORS
Second Revision )
621.314.222*6+621*318-43
BUREAU
AND
OF
: 001.4
BIS 1993
INDIAN
STANDARDS
Price Group7
Basic Electrotechnical
Standards
Sectional
Committee,
ET 01
CONTENTS
Page
Sect ion
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.-.
...
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...
..,
.. .
...
.. .
.. .
...
. ..
421-02 Terminals
.. .
.. .
.. .
...
421-03 Windings
._.
.. .
.. .
421-04 Rating
...
...
421-05 Tappings
.I.
.. .
421-07 Impedance
voltage,
short-circuit
impedance
.I.
.*.
...
..
...
_..
.. .
.. .
...
...
._.
...
.. .
.. .
421-09 Insulation
...
._.
...
421-10 Connections
.. .
.. .
. ..
.. .
.. .
...
...
. ..
..
.. .
...
...
...
10
. ..
.. .
12
421-08 Temperature
rise
NATIONAL
motor-drive
.
mechanisms
...
._.
...
._.
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard ( Part 38 ) ( Second Revision ) which is identical with IEC Pub 50 ( 421 ) ( 1990 )
International
electrotechnical
vocabulary - Chapter 42 1 Power transformers and reactors, issued by
the International Electrotechnical
Commission ( IEC ), was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards
on the recommendation
of Basic Electrotechnical
Standards Sectional Committee and approval of the
Electrotechnical
Division Council.
This Indian Standard ( Part 38 ) was first published in 1973 and the first revision was done in 1977 and
covered vocabulary relating to transformers only. This second revision has been undertaken to cover
the vocabulary relating to both transformers
and reactors and also to align it with the international
practice.
Only the English text given in the IEC publication has been retained while adopting
Standard, and as such the page numbers given here are not the same as in IEC publication.
as Indian
Indian Standard
ELECTROTECHNICAL
VOCABULARY
Second
AND REACTORS
Revision )
SECTION 421-01-
GENERAL TERMS
421-01-01
power transformer
Notes.
hy electronlagnetic
induction,
transfi)nus
I-
21sys-
(iencrally.
transformers
core-type
incorporate
concentric
windings.
2 -
Since,
clearly
the
there
within
use
of
are
types
of
the categories
these
terms
by indicaling
transformer
which
of core-type
is
deprccakd.
Generally
can
be
series reactor
unwound
421-01-08
421-01-03
whether
Imagnetic
return
or
not
i.e.
they
421-01-02
and/or
of windings.
come
avoided
sandwich
the type
do not
and shell-type,
the
concentric
magnetic
or
circuit
has
paths.
shunt reactor
A reactor
intended
to conipensate
for capacitive
Note.
in a network
the
coil
of
types
these
terms
by indicating
magnetic
of
is
deprecated.
whctber
return
reactor
of core-type
or
not
which
do
not
come
and shell-type
Generally
the
they
magnetic
can
circuit
be
has
paths.
(deprecated)
A transfomer where the packets of laminations fonuing the core and yokes surround the windings and
enclose generally the major parts of them.
earthing transformer
Notrs.
(USA)
1-
Generally,
shell-type
transformers
incorporate
sandwich
windings.
_ -
Since
clearly
421-01-06
there
within
the use of
neutral reactor
avoided
~ndwich
unwound
are
the
these
terms
by indicating
,Ind/or
magncttc
types
of
categories
is
tran~formrr
of
deprecated.
the type
whether
return
which
core-type
Generally
of windings.
or
no1
do not
and
thr
i.e.
come
shell-type.
they
can
concenlric
magnetic
circuit
be
or
ha.c
paths
421-01-10
.
shell-type reactor (deprecated)
421-01-07
core-type transformer
are
shell-type transformer
421-01-05
transformer
there
the categories
421-01-09
three-phase
use
unwound
arc-suppressiou
grouuding
Since
within
avoided
421-01-04
three-pliuse
clearly
current.
(deprecated)
Since
of reactor
which
do not come
1 -In
the case of oil-immersed
transformers.
not have a cushion of air ( or other gas).
2 --Sealed
421-01-11
a) transformers
in which the total volume of oil, together with
air (or other gas), or any combination
thereof, remains constant
auto-transformer
A transformer
transformers
have a
b) transformers
in which the total volume of oil, together with
air (or other gas). or any combination
thereof, varies over the
temperature
range and this variation
is accommodated
by a
c0n1111011 part.
421-01-12
sealed flexible
booster transformer
series transformer
range.
container
or a flexible
membrane.
421-01-19
(USA)
sealed reactor
421-01-13
separate
winding
A transformer
parts.
NOICS.
transformer
having windings
1 -In
with no conunon
2 -Sealed
No/r.
A separate
may be designated
winding
a double
transformer
wound
having
reactors
two windings
a) reactors in which
transformer.
421-01-14
of oil, together
thereof,
remains
constant
over
A transformer of which the magnetic circuit and windings are immersed in oil.
421-01-15
421-01-20
oil-immersed
oil-immersed
type transformer
encapsulated-winding
type reactor
dry-type transformer
421-01-16
421-01-21
dry-type trausformer
encapsulated
A transformer
of which the magnetic circuit and windiugs arc not inunersed in an insulating liquid.
421-01-17
its winding
encapsulated
421-01-22
dry-type reactor
non-encapsulated-winding
dry-type transformer
421-01-H
421-01-23
sealed trausformer
non-encapsulated-winding
dry-type
reactor
line-termiual
A terminal intended for comtection to a line conductor
of a nelwork.
b) For single-phase
transformers
or zigzag-connected
or reactors:
421-02-02
ueutral termiuul
421-02-03
;I) For polyphase transformers or reactors and polyphase banks of single-phase transformers or reactors:
corresponding
The terminal(s)
comtected
terminals
SECTION 421-03 -
WINDINGS
421-03-01
421-03-06
whdirig
primary wiudiug
The assembiy of turn5 forming an electric circuit associated with one of the voltages assigned to the transformer or to the reactor.
Note -
sfcoudary
For a polyphase
transformer
or polyphase reactor,
winding
is the combination
of the phase windings.
the
421-03-07
winding
421-03-02
phase wiudiug
421-03-08
auxiliary wiudiug
NO/L- lhe
identifying
term phase
winding
should
the assembly of coils on a specific
421-03-09
stabilizing
421-03-03
high-voltage
winding
winding
wiuding
commou wiuding
of an auto-trans-
421-03-11
421-03-05
intermediate-voltage
The common
former.
winding
A winding of a multi-winding
transformer having a
rated voltage intermediate between the highest and
lowest winding rated voltages.
series
winding
421-03-14
The winding of a booster transformer which is intended to supply power to the series winding.
sandwich
421-03-13
concentric
Al
windings
or parts of wind-
windings
trrrangcnwnt
or parIs 01
NC,re.-
Normally
IWIIN(;
42 I-04-06
a) of a series reactor:
The continuous
signed.
421-04-02
rated voltage ratio (of a transformer)
The ratio of the rated voltage of a winding to the rated
voltage of another winding associated with a lower or
equal rated voltage.
421-04-03
current
rated frequency
The frequency at which the transfornler
designed to operate.
or reactor is
42 l-04-04
421-04-07
rated short-time current
a) of a series reactor or single phase nrutral earthing
reactor:
rated power
Aconventional
value of apparent power, establishing a The fault current which the reactor is designed to carry
basis for the design of a transfomler, a shunt reactor or
for a specified duration.
an arc-suppression coil, the manufacturers -es
and the tests, determining a value of the rated curreiit
?@f
a three-phase neutral reactor or earthing trattsthat tnay be carried with rated voltage applied, under
fornier:
specified conditions.
Note. - Both windings of a two-winding transformer have the
same rated power, which by definition is the rated power of the
transformer. For multi-winding transformers the rated power for
each of the windings may differ.
421-04-05
is de-
421-04-08
rated current
of an arc
swppression coil
rated current
(of a winding of a transformer
or shunt reactor)
The current, flowing through a line tennina ofa winding, derived by dividing the rated power ofthewinding
421-05 -TAPPINC;S
421-05-01
-divided
by the tapping factor of the tapped winding
if this is the low voltage winding.
tappiug
tap
421-05-09
A connection
winding.
point in a
tappiug
duty
The nutnerical values assigned to the quantities (voltages, currents, err.) which are used for a given tapping
connection as a basis for the manufacturers guarantees
and, in the certain cases, for the tests.
421-05-02
principal
tapping
421-05-10
tapping quantities
factor
where:
a) a tappittg voltage,
b) a tappittg power,
c) a tappittg current.
Note. -
421-05-11
to any winding.
tapping
voltage
of a winding
421-05-05
421-05-12
niiuus tappiug
tapping
421-05-04
plus tapping
421-05-06
tapping
step
power of a windiug
421-05-13
421-05-07
The current
ing derived
ing by the
appropriate
tapping
range
tapping
current
of a wind&
flowing through a line terminal of a windby dividing the tapping power of the windtapping voltage of the wittding and by an
phase factor.
421-05-14
Notr. -
the tapping
or I a% if o = b.
tapping
421-05-08
tapping
full-power
voltage
421-05-15
reduced-power
- tnultiplied by the tapping factor of the tapped winding if this is the high voltage winding.
tapping
b) of multi-winding transfomers,
related to a certain
pair of windings ( for the principal tapping):
no-load loss
and
on
tapping.
421-06-02
no-load
N0/P.Y.
current
1 -The
load loss can also be considered
for lappings other than
rhe principal
tapping.
The reference
currenr
of two-winding
tranSformus
is. for any tapping, rqual to the tapping
current.
For
The current flowing through a line terminal of a winding when a given voltage is applied at rated frequency
fhe other winding(s) being open-circuited.
multi-winding
transformers.
the rcfcrencc
current
or refrrencc
power are rclakd
IO a slxcified
loading
combination.
NOlCS.
1 - Normally
the applied
voltage
is the rated voltage
energized
winding,
if fitted with tappings,
is cnrnectcd
principal
tapping.
2 -
The
no-load
lxxcentagc
current
of rhc rated
of A winding
current
is often
of the same
2 -The
load loss is normally
ence tcmpcraturc.
and the
on ils
eq.s.?ssed
related
IO the appropriate
refer-
421-06-04
supplementary
as a
winding.
load loss
421-06-03
load loss
Nofr.
a) of two-winding
ping):
transformers
to the dx.
resistance.
421-O&05
total losses
SECTION 421-07 -
IMPEDANCE
loading
Iransformers.
The value
ence tcmprralure.
Note. -
IMPEDANCE
is normally
b) of multi-windinS
pair ofwiuciiug:::
trauslonners:
the total
losses
refer
to
combination.
VOLTAGE, SHORT-(:IRCUIT
VOLTAGE DROP
421-07-01
a) of two-winding
- I< is equal
related
transformers,
AND
IO the appropriate
refer-
related to a certain
are normally
1 -The
421-07-02
short-circuit
NO/C. -This
of
421-07-04
zero-sequence
..
voltq:e drop or rise for a specitied load couditiou
voltage regulation for a specitied load conditiou
TEMYEKATITIW IUSE
421-08-01
rise
The dilTcrence
between
the temperature
of the pati
SH:TION
421-09 -
INSULATION
421-09-02
421-09-01
highest voltage for equipment
trabsformer or~reactor winding)
wind-
421-07-W
SECTION 421-08 -
iug)
ence temperature.
trnlprrature
is connected
Urn (applicable to a
that the
insulation.
(phase-tec:trth).
of
withstand
voltages
42 l-09-04
uuifornt iusulatiou
or of a reactor)
non-uniform iusulation
former or of a reactor)
421-10-05
star couuectiou
opeu wiudiugs
Y connection
(USA)
wye couuecliou
(USA)
421-10-02
A tttethod
sittgle-phase
three-phase
versa.
delta connection
421-10-07
Lklhwc
of intcrcottnecting
the windings of two
trattsfortuers for the ~ransfortnation of
voltages to two-phase voltages or vice
connection
421-10-03
phase displucemeut
opeu-delta coanectiou
The angular difference between the phasors rcprescnting the voltages hetwcett the neutml point (real or
imaginary) and the rnrrcsponding
tertuinals of two
windings, a positive-sequence
Voltage
systetn being
applied to the high voltage tertninals, following each
other in alphabetical sequence if they are lettered, or in
numerical sequettce if they are ntnnbcred. The phasors
are assumed to rotate in :I counter-clockwise sense.
421- 1O-04
zigmg
cotittection
421-10-08
421-10-09
couuectiou symbol
A conventional ttotation indicating the connections of
the high-voltage, intermediate-voltage
(if any) attd
low-voltage windings and their relative phase displacetnent(s) expressed as a conibinalion
of letters and
clock-hour figure(s).
ON-LOAD
421-11-01
TAP-CHANGERS
421-11-08
set of contacts
coluhination
taIlcously.
421-I l-09
rmiii cont;rcts
421-l
tup
l-02
110 frilllSitiOl1
selectot
translbmcr
diverter
switch
contacts
421-11-04
switcli
421-11-12
A switching
selertol
impedance
421-11-07
current
That part of the current which flows I hrouSh the fransition iunpcdancc at the tinlc when iwo hppings
art
bridged during :I Iill)-CtJilJJgc opcralion iIt\d which is due
to the voltage dilfcrcnce IX~WCCII the Iill)l)iJJgS.
421-11-13
switched
current
recovery
is
voltage
nlechunisni
cirriilatin):
421-1 l-14
driving
which has
421-11-10
triiiisitioii
selector
contacts
niaiii switching
421-11-03
carrying
apemtion
to an adjarcnt
enc.
cycle of operation
tappings
of
421-11-20
421-11-17
rated throu~:h-current
The current Ilowing through the tap-changer towards
the exterual circuit, which the apparatus is q~ahle of
tra usferriug from oue tapping to the other at the relevant
rated step voltage and which can be carricd coutinuously.
421-11-21
m&her of inherent tapping positions
The highest uurnber <)ft;lppiug positions for half a cycle
of oyeratinu for which tap-changer cau lx used according to its design.
421-11-18
maximuui
421-11-22
rated through-current
for which both
the
tcutpm-
421-I 1-19
tlie highest
which are
421-12-01
motor-drive
421-12-05
.
mechanism
limit switch
iucnrp<)rates au electric
421-12-02
step-by-step
An clcctomcchaniral
device prcvcuting operatinu of
the tap-chaugcr Ixynud au CII~ position hut allowing
operatiou towards the opposite dircctiou.
control
421-12-06
mechanical cud stop
A devirc which physically prcvcuts operation of tapchanger bcyoud either cud position but allows operation tOWildS opposite direrlion.
421-12-03
i;~p position
indicator
An electrical,
for indicating
42 I- 12-04
tap-change
in progress indicator
A dcvicc indicating
operaliug.
mechanism is
421-12-07
parallel control devices
Electrical coutrnl devices to
parallel opemtiou of several
piugs, all tap-changers to the
avoid divergence
of the
ulceha nisms.
IS 1885 (h-t
38) : 1993
IEC Pub 50 (421) (1990)
421-12-W
emergency
421-12-10
tripping device
operation counter
AII electrical,
ulechanical,
or electromchauical
device
for stopping the motor-drive
~uccha~~is~u at auy time in
such 21way 111at a sprcixl ;rctioll has IO be perforu~ed
Idore the IlrXl lilt)-CtlilllFCot>eritticlllciitl be starled.
A device iudicatiug
accomplished.
421-12-o)
421-12-11
the uumher
of the tap-changes
mechanism
11
INDEX
M
main contacls
main switching
~;IIIUIII
operation
common
421-l
current
concentric
windinc
synihol
continuous
ratcd
4I-03currenl
core-type
reactor
core-type
lransformer
corrrsponding
cyclr
47-1-l 1-N
ra!ed ihrough-current
421-l
(tleprevalcd)
Cdeprcc;lt~d)
lerminals
42 I -05-05
motor-drive
42l-l,-111
mechanism
13
reactor.
three-phase
ncutral terminal
471-lo-09
no-load
current
421~04-06
no-load
loss
42 l-0 I -0X
noo-etlcapsulated-winding
dry-type
rcactot
41-01-117
I,c,n-rnc;~ps~~latcd-winding
dry-type
transformer
411 -OL-03
non-uniform
insulation of :I winding
former or of a reactor)
421-l
of <,pcr;rlion
l-16
number of inherent
numhcr
411-11-07
mechanism
dry-lype
dry-type
tapping
tapping
421.01-17
reactor
111~(II-16
transformer
oil-immrrscd
type reactor
41-01-1s
~ypc
421-n-14
on-load
transformer
471-11-01
tap-chang:er
41.11).03
open windings
4~1-lrl-trs
471~111.OS
operalion
421.l-m3
overcurrent
.
42 I-O I -20
421-03-17
1;
421-05-14
lapping
(;
grounding
411-11-22
oil-immersed
4Ll-l_?-Ill
coun!cr
Hocking
41 I- 11-09
device
.
41-Ill-.!1
full-power
411-l!-1
positions
positions
411-11-03
switch
driving
of scrvicc
(of a lrans-
421-10-02
connection
diverler
1.18
4,1-17-06
end stop
minus tapping
ncutrnl
1)
delta
l-10
421.12-11
mechanism
maximum
l-11
4,1-03-10
winding
conneclion
1-W
421-l
4L1-11-o
selector
circulatinp
of motor-drive
471-l
maximum
mechanical
change-over
contacts
transformer
41-01-0s
(ISA)
I
p:br;lllcl control
471-17-07
dcvict,s
phase differcncc
47 i-1 o-oh:
(for 8 Iransformer)
phase displacemcn~
42 1 - 1 O-118
phase winding
42 l-03-02
plus tapping
41-05-04
power irnnsformcr
42 1-o I-0 1
primary
principal
411-03-06
winding
42 I-05-02
lapping
Ihighest voll;lpc_for
cquipmcnl
li,, (applic;lhle
lransfotmer
or reactor winding,
high-vollage
lo a
rated current.
47 l-03-03
winding
intermcdiatc-voltage
47 I-07-01
42 l-04-06
of an arc suppression
of a
41~04-m
coil
transformer
or
421-04-05
4 I-04-03
rated frequency
rated insulation
41-03-0s
winding
raled current
continuous
I
impedance voltage: 31 rated current
pal tapping)
42 1-09-0 1
42 l-09-02
lrvrl
41-04-04
rated power
rated short-time
42 1 -n4-07
current
421-l
l-19
42 1 - 1 O-07
rated through-current
411-l
l-17
421-12-M
rated through-current,
line terminal
4.!1-O-01
rated vol~ape
of a winding
42 1.(!4-0 1
load loss
42 I m-03
ralcd
ratio
42 I -04-o:!
I,
Lehlanc
limit
connection
swilch
load-tap-changer
low-voltage
(I&A)
winding
voltage
421-11-01
rrcovery
41 l-03-04
reduced-power
12
maximum
(of a transformer)
421-11-18
421-11-14
voltage
tapping
421~OS-15
For a sprcified
load condition
lapping
power
tapping
quantities
471~OS-10
lapping
range
42 l-OS-07
lapping
slep
tapping
vollagc
of a winding
42
SCalCd reaclor
tapping
voltage
ralio
41-ns-1kx
sealed
lap posilioa
S
sandwich
Sroll
winding?;
connr~lioa
iransfomrr
secondary
winding
selector
switch
separate
winding
series
reactor
series
transformer
series
v.Gnding
transformer
rcacior
trallsfouucr
(deprecated)
impcdancc
of :I pair of windings
411-11-n
rise
4~1~n8-01
earthing
three-phase
neutral
transformer
srep-by-step
42
reactor
transition
c~nlacls
471-11-l
transition
impedance
411-11-06
IJ
uniform
insolation
or of a rcaclor)
of a winding
load
(of a transformer
loss
for a specified
current
winding
r
1-o1-M
411-06-05
coo~rol
supplementary
42 I-01 -05
losses
winding
slar connection
I -05-I 1
411-12-03
(deprecated)
reactor
switched
indicator
lhrcc-phase
total
(USA)
shell-type
slahilizing
42 I-OS-06
trmperaturc
shell-lype
shun1
421-05-12
tap selerlor
set of conlacls
whorl-circuit
of a winding
wye connrclion
((ISA)
Y
Y connection
(IISA)
%
zero-sequence
ing)
ligxap-ronncclion
13
impedance
(ufa
polyphasc
wind-
The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bureau of Indian
Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The Standard Mark on
products covered by an Indian Standard conveys the assurance that they have been
produced to comply with the requirements
of that standard under a well defined system of
inspection, testing and quality control which is devised and supervised by BIS and operated
by the producer.
Standard marked products are also continuously checked by BIS for conformity to that standard as a further safeguard. Details of conditions under which a licence
for the use of the Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers
or producers may be
obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standards.
I
Date of Issue
BUREAU OF INDIAN
Text Affected
STANDARDS
Headquarters:
Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002
Telephones : 331 01 31, 331 13 75
Telegrams : Manaksanstha
( Common to all offices )
Regional Offices I
Telephone
331 01 31
331 13 75
160036
600113
37 84 99,
I 37 86 26,
37 85 61
37 86 62
53 38 43,
53 23 84
53 16 40
235 02 16,
235 15 19,
235 04 42
235 23 15
632 92 95,
632 78 91,
632 78 58
632 78 92
BANGALORE.
Branches : AHMADABAD.
BHOPAL.
BHUBANESHWAR.
COIMBATORE.
FARIDABAD.
GHAZIABAD.
GUWAHATI.
HYDERABAD.
JAIPUR.
KANPUR.
LUCKNOW.
PATNA.
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM.
Wnted
Preys. Khorja.
Indla