Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Particle
X
Y
Protons
17
17
20
20
Neutrons
20
18
20
21
Electrons
17
18
18
20
W and X
W and Y
X and Y
X and Z
The diagram shows the electron arrangement in a molecule of the compound YZ2.
Which pair of elements could be Y and Z?
Y
A.
B.
C.
D.
Calcium
Carbon
Oxygen
Sulphur
Z
Fluorine
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Chlorine
The ion of a newly discovered metal X has the symbol X3+. What will be the formula
of its chloride?
A
B
C
D
6
Which of the following does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid?
A
B
C
D
Magnesium hydroxide
Magnesium metal
Magnesium nitrate
Magnesium oxide
pH
baking soda
salt
lemon juice
vinegar
XCl3
X2Cl3
X3Cl
X3Cl2
It burns in air.
It reacts with copper(II) oxide.
It reacts with sodium carbonate.
It reacts with magnesium.
What is the ionic equation for the neutralization of aqueous sodium hydroxide with
dilute nitric acid?
A
B
C
D
H+ + OH H2O
HNO3 + OH H2O + NO3
Na+ + NO3 NaNO3
Na+ + HNO3 NaNO3 + H+
10 In an accident in a factory, some nitric acid was spilt. Which substance, when added
in excess, would neutralize the acid without leaving an alkaline solution?
A Aqueous ammonia
B Aqueous sodium hydroxide
C Calcium carbonate
D Water
11 __________________ is not a salt.
A
B
C
D
Calcium sulphate
Copper(II) chloride
Magnesium hydroxide
Silver iodide
Ethanoic
acid
Hydrochloric
acid
Potassium
chloride
Potassium
hydroxide
13 The colour of Universal Indicator in each of four solutions is shown in the table.
Which solution is likely to be an acid of pH 2-3?
Colour of Universal
Indicator paper
A
Blue
Green
Red
Violet
10
If pairs of the solutions are mixed, which pair must produce an acidic mixture?
A
B
C
D
P and Q
P and R
P and S
Q and R
15 The table shows the results of adding dilute hydrochloric acid and aqueous sodium
hydroxide to four oxides.
Which oxide is amphoteric?
Result of adding
Dilute hydrochloric
Aqueous sodium
acid
hydroxide
A
no reaction
reaction
no reaction
no reaction
reaction
reaction
reaction
no reaction
Copper(II) oxide
Magnesium oxide
Sulphur dioxide
Zinc oxide
17 Which substance reacts with water to give a solution of pH value greater than 7?
A Ammonia
B Carbon dioxide
C Nitrogen dioxide
D Sodium chloride
18 Which salt can be prepared by an acid-alkali titration method?
A
B
C
D
Ammonium sulphate
Copper(II) sulphate
Iron(II) sulphate
Zinc sulphate
20 In the following are listed five salts and the suggested methods for preparing them.
Which one of the following is wrongly matched?
A
B
C
D
Salt
KCl
PbSO4
FeS
Na2CO3
neutralisation
precipitation
direct combination
neutralisation
21 The alloy solder (Pb/Sn) is used for joining metals together because it ___________.
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
Calcium carbonate
Carbon monoxide
Coke
Hydrogen
25 An element X reacts very slowly with cold water, but reacts vigorously with steam.
Which statement about the reactivity of element X is correct?
A
B
C
D
iron(II) sulphate
iron(II) chloride
iron(III) chloride
iron(III) oxide
28 Which of the following is the reducing agent used in the production of iron in a blast
furnace?
A
B
C
D
Air
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Limestone
29 A student set up an experiment using iron nails, as shown. In which tube does most
rusting take place after one week?
For which metal is the correct reason given for the stated use?
metal
use
reason
Aluminium
Cooking pot
High density
Copper
Electrical wiring
Iron
It rusts
Zinc
Galvanizing iron
Particle
X
Y
Protons
17
17
20
20
Neutrons
20
18
20
21
Electrons
17
18
18
20
W and X
W and Y
X and Y
X and Z
4. The diagram shows the electron arrangement in a molecule of the compound YZ2.
Which pair of elements could be Y and Z?
Y
A.
B.
C.
D.
Calcium
Carbon
Oxygen
Sulphur
Z
Fluorine
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Chlorine
5. The ion of a newly discovered metal X has the symbol X3+. What will be the formula
of its chloride?
A
A. XCl3
B. X2Cl3
C. X3Cl
D. X3Cl2
6. Which of the following does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Magnesium hydroxide
Magnesium metal
Magnesium nitrate
Magnesium oxide
pH
baking soda
salt
lemon juice
vinegar
It burns in air.
It reacts with copper(II) oxide.
It reacts with sodium carbonate.
It reacts with magnesium.
9. What is the ionic equation for the neutralization of aqueous sodium hydroxide with
dilute nitric acid?
A
A.
B.
C.
D.
H+ + OH H2O
HNO3 + OH H2O + NO3
Na+ + NO3 NaNO3
Na+ + HNO3 NaNO3 + H+
10. In an accident in a factory, some nitric acid was spilt. Which substance, when added
in excess, would neutralize the acid without leaving an alkaline solution?
C
A. Aqueous ammonia
B. Aqueous sodium hydroxide
C. Calcium carbonate
D. Water
Calcium sulphate
Copper(II) chloride
Magnesium hydroxide
Silver iodide
Ammonia
Ethanoic
acid
Hydrochloric
acid
Potassium
chloride
Potassium
hydroxide
13. The colour of Universal Indicator in each of four solutions is shown in the table.
Which solution is likely to be an acid of pH 2-3?
Colour of Universal
Indicator paper
A
Blue
Green
Red
Violet
14. Four aqueous solutions have the pH values shown in the table.
Solutio
n
pH
10
If pairs of the solutions are mixed, which pair must produce an acidic mixture?
A
A. P and Q
B. P and R
C. P and S
D. Q and R
15. The table shows the results of adding dilute hydrochloric acid and aqueous sodium
hydroxide to four oxides.
Which oxide is amphoteric?
Result of adding
Dilute hydrochloric
Aqueous sodium
acid
hydroxide
A
no reaction
reaction
no reaction
no reaction
reaction
reaction
reaction
no reaction
Copper(II) oxide
Magnesium oxide
Sulphur dioxide
Zinc oxide
17. Which substance reacts with water to give a solution of pH value greater than 7?
A
A. Ammonia
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Nitrogen dioxide
D. Sodium chloride
Ammonium sulphate
Copper(II) sulphate
Iron(II) sulphate
Zinc sulphate
20. In the following are listed five salts and the suggested methods for preparing them.
Which one of the following is wrongly matched?
D
A.
B.
C.
D.
Salt
KCl
PbSO4
FeS
Na2CO3
neutralisation
precipitation
direct combination
neutralisation
21. The alloy solder (Pb/Sn) is used for joining metals together because it ___________.
A
A.
B.
C.
D.
23. Which process is used to extract aluminium metal from its ore?
A.
B.
C.
D.
B. Carbon monoxide
C. Coke
D. Hydrogen
25. An element X reacts very slowly with cold water, but reacts vigorously with steam.
Which statement about the reactivity of element X is correct?
D
A.
B.
C.
D.
26. Why is limestone added to the blast furnace in the manufacture of iron? D
A.
B.
C.
D.
iron(II) sulphate
iron(II) chloride
iron(III) chloride
iron(III) oxide
28. Which of the following is the reducing agent used in the production of iron in a blast
furnace?
C
A.
B.
C.
D.
Air
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Limestone
29. A student set up an experiment using iron nails, as shown. In which tube does most
rusting take place after one week?
A
For which metal is the correct reason given for the stated use?
metal
use
reason
Aluminium
Cooking pot
High density
Copper
Electrical wring
Iron
It rusts
Zinc
Galvanizing iron
Section A [40m]
Answer ALL the questions in the spaces provided.
1. A solid compound X was heated steadily for 20 minutes. Its temperature varied as
shown in the graph below.
[1]
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
(c) Would you expect X to be a solid, liquid or gas at the following temperatures?
[1]
(i)
26C
_______________________
(ii)
50C
_______________________
(iii)
100C
_______________________
(b) Another element occurring on the planet is given the symbol Yn. It has a valency
of 3 in its compound with Ze.
Write the formula of this compound of Yn and Ze.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
(c) Suggest why hydrogen will not burn on the planet to form water.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
3. (a) Explain briefly, in terms of the ions in solution, the reason for the differences
in acidity and alkalinity of dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sodium hydroxide and
water.
[2]
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
(b) A farmer decided to neutralize and fertilise his soil by adding at the same time
both calcium oxide and an ammonium salt. Why was he wasting his time and
money?
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4. The scale in kettles contains calcium carbonate. Aminosulphonic acid is used to
remove this scale. This acid reacts with the scale and produces a gas.
The following apparatus was used to collect gas formed when an excess of the acid
was added to a small amount of the scale.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
(b) Name the gas produced.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
5. Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with a base such as sodium hydroxide.
(a) What word is used to describe this type of reaction?
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
(b) What are formed when any acid reacts with any base?
[2]
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
6. (a) How can ammonia gas be made from ammonium sulphate?
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
(b) When ammonia is dissolved in water, aqueous ammonia results.
How could you show that aqueous ammonia is alkaline?
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
(c) An excess of dilute hydrochloric acid is added to aqueous ammonia drop by drop.
(i) What happens to the pH of the mixture?
[2]
__________________________________________________________________
(ii) State the formula of the salt formed.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
Sodium
_________________________
(b)
Zinc
_________________________
(c)
Calcium
_________________________
[3]
[3]
Important use of alloy
9. (a) Explain, with the aid of diagrams, why an alloy is stronger than a pure metal.
[4]
Pure metal
Alloy
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
(b) Iron is often alloyed to reduce rusting. Name an element used for this purpose.
[1]
_____________________________________________________________________
10. Suggest why
(a)
[2]
mild steel should not be used for making knives and forks.
__________________________________________________________________
(b)
(a)
[2]
__________________________________________________________________
(b)
(i)
[2]
__________________________________________________________________
(ii)
Explain how one of the methods you have given in (i) prevents rusting.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
SECTION B [ 30m]
Answer any THREE questions in the writing papers provided.
B1. Read the following passage and answer the questions below.
(a) An ore of iron, A, is mixed with coke and limestone and loaded into a blast furnace.
Hot B is blasted in through a ring of pipes at the base of the furnace.
The coke burns producing gas C which is reduced by reaction with more coke to give
gas D. This gas reduces the iron ore to iron.
The limestone decomposes to form carbon dioxide and a white solid E which reacts
with silica, SiO2, to give a molten slag containing calcium silicate.
(i)
Identify A, B, C, D and E.
[5]
(ii)
Compound E is basic. What does this tell you about a chemical property of
silica?
[1]
(iii)
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between iron ore and gas
D.
[1]
(b) Describe what you would see if pieces of zinc metal were placed in a solution of
copper(II) sulphate.
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction, including the state symbols for
the reactants and products.
[3]
B3.
(a) Explain, with a labeled diagram of the apparatus you would use, for obtaining
pure water from seawater.
[4]
(b) These two drawings show the results of putting strips of magnesium and
chromium into tin chloride solutions.
(a)
(ii)
[2]
[2]
(c) State the method you would use to separate the following:
[2]
(i)
(ii)
B4.
(a) Explain what is meant by The relative atomic mass of holmium is 165.[1]
(b) Explain how it is possible for the relative mass of chlorine to be 35.5 when
atomic nucleus contains only whole numbers of protons and neutrons. [2]
each
[2]
(d) The figure is a diagram showing the atomic structure of an isotope of common
element X.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
Section A [40m]
Answer ALL the questions in the spaces provided.
1
A solid compound X was heated steadily for 20 minutes. Its temperature varied as
shown in the graph below.
[1]
50C
liquid
(iii)
100C
gas
[1]
From the information above, give two reasons why the element should be classed
as a non-metal.
[2]
Another element occurring on the planet is given the symbol Yn. It has a valency
of 3 in its compound with Ze.
Write the formula of this compound of Yn and Ze.
YnZe3
[1]
Suggest why hydrogen will not burn on the planet to form water.
No oxygen present in the planets atmosphere.
[1]
(a) Explain briefly, in terms of the ions in solution, the reason for the differences
in acidity and alkalinity of dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sodium hydroxide and
water.
[2]
Acid contains hydrogen ions only. Alkali contains hydroxide ions only. Water
contains the same number of hydrogen and hydroxide ions.
A farmer decided to neutralize and fertilise his soil by adding at the same time
both calcium oxide and an ammonium salt. Why was he wasting his time and
money?
[1]
Calcium oxide, being a base will react with ammonium salt.
[1]
[1]
[1]
(b) What are formed when any acid reacts with any base?
[2]
[1]
[1]
[2]
[1]
Sodium
electrolysis
(b)
Zinc
reduction
(c)
Calcium
electrolysis
[3]
[3]
Iron, chromium
Iron, Carbon
(a) Explain, with the aid of diagrams, why an alloy is stronger than a pure metal.
[4]
Same sized atoms closely
packed and in regular
pattern [1]
Pure metal
Alloy
In a pure metal, the atoms are arranged in an orderly manner [1/2]. When
force is applied, the layers of atoms are able to slide past each other [1/2]. In
an alloy, the bigger atoms disrupt [1/2] the regular arrangement which
prevents [1/2] the layers of atoms from sliding past each other.
Iron is often alloyed to reduce rusting. Name an element used for this purpose.
[1]
Chromium / Carbon / Nickel
10 Suggest why
[2]
mild steel should not be used for making knives and forks.
Mild steel can rust
[2]
(i)
Give two methods of rust prevention.
Paint, grease, galvanise, sacrificial protection
[2]
ii
Explain how one of the methods you have given in (i) prevents rusting.
[1]
The coating prevents the iron from being in contact with oxygen and
water.
SECTION B [ 30m]
Answer any THREE questions in the writing papers provided.
B1. Read the following passage and answer the questions below.
a
An ore of iron, A, is mixed with coke and limestone and loaded into a blast furnace.
Hot B is blasted in through a ring of pipes at the base of the furnace.
The coke burns producing gas C which is reduced by reaction with more coke to give
gas D. This gas reduces the iron ore to iron.
The limestone decomposes to form carbon dioxide and a white solid E which reacts
with silica, SiO2, to give a molten slag containing calcium silicate.
(i)
Identify A, B, C, D and E.
[5]
sp -1/2m
ii
Compound E is basic. What does this tell you about a chemical property of
silica?
[1]
Silica is acidic.
iii
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between iron ore and gas
D.
[1]
Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2
not bal 0m
Describe what you would see if pieces of zinc metal were placed in a solution of
copper(II) sulphate.
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction, including the state symbols for
the reactants and products.
[3]
Blue colour solution turns colourless [1/2]. Pink solid is deposited [1/2].
Zn (s) + CuSO4 (aq) Cu (s) + ZnSO4 (aq)
Describe how these crystals could be prepared from a named dilute acid and a suitable
compound of copper.
[8]
Heat dilute sulphuric acid in a beaker
Add copper(II) oxide/copper(II) carbonate until excess and
stir.
Filter the mixture
Evaporate most of the water in an evaporating dish
Leave to cool
Each step 1m, each reactant 1m
b
Write a balanced chemical equation, including state symbols, for the reaction above.
[2]
CuO (s) + H2SO4 (aq) CuSO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
B3.
(a) Explain, with a labeled diagram of the apparatus you would use, for obtaining
pure water from seawater.
[4]
Pure water can be obtained by seawater by simple distillation[1]. When the
temperature reaches 100C [1], pure water will be distilled out through the
condenser.
Diagram of simple distillation [2]
(b) These two drawings show the results of putting strips of magnesium and
chromium into tin chloride solutions.
(a)
[2]
(i)
less reactive
(ii)
less reactive
[2]
B4.
[2]
chromatography
ii
(a) Explain what is meant by The relative atomic mass of holmium is 165.[1]
The TOTAL NUMBER of protons and neutrons in an atom of holmium is 165
(b) Explain how it is possible for the relative mass of chlorine to be 35.5 when
atomic nucleus contains only whole numbers of protons and neutrons. [2]
Chlorine has two isotopes with different abundance. [1]
Cl 35 75% and Cl 37 25% [1]
each
[2]
17
ii
iii
In which group would you place element X? Give a reason for your
answer.
Group 7. It has 7 valence electrons.
[1] if correct explanation
Write the formula of the ion of X that you would expect to exist in its
ionic compound.
X [1] / Cl (1/2m)
[5]