Short Answers 1.Define natural Vegetation. Ans: Natural vegetation refers to the largescale growth of plant life in a region without any human interference.. 2.What factors affect the growth of vegetation? Ans: The growth depends on factors like temperature, rainfall and the type of soil at a place. Based on these factors, vegetation falls under the following three categories: forests, grasslands and desert vegetation 3.Name any four types of forests found on the Earth. Ans: a. Tropical Evergreen Forests b. Tropical Deciduous Forests c. Temperature Evergreen Forests d. Temperate Deciduous Forests e. Mediterranean Forests f. Coniferous Evergreen Forests 4.What is grassland? Ans: Areas which have moderate to low rainfall support vegetation in the form of
grass and not trees. There are two major
grassland regions are the Tropical Grasslands and the Temperate Grasslands. 5.Name any two animals found in the tundra region. Ans: Seals, walruses, polar bears and reindeers are the most common wildlife found in this region. Long Answer 1.Give an account of the wild life found in the tropical evergreen forest. Ans: Gorillas, leopards, apes, monkeys, elephants, hippopotamuses, snakes like the python and anaconda, and an endless number of birds are also found in the Tropical Evergreen Forests. 2.Describe a coniferous forest.
Ans: These forests are located in the
northern hemisphere between 50 degree and 70 degree latitudes and also on high mountains. Large stretches of a single type of coniferous trees known as taiga which
means pure and untouched. They are
found in Russia ,Southern Canada, and Scandinavian countries have large stretches of such forests. Softwood trees like pine, spruce, deodar and cedar are the main species. Lumbering is a major occupation in these regions. Polar bears, silver fox and mink are the main animals found here. 3.Differentiate between tropical evergreen forest and tropical monsoon forest. Ans: Tropical evergreen forests are found in the hot and wet equatorial regions and tropical areas that have heavy rainfall. The Amazon basin of South America (Selva), the Zaire basin of Africa and the countries in South-east Asia have such forests. Tropical deciduous forests are also called monsoon forests, found in areas that experience seasonal rainfall. Trees shed their leaves in the dry season to conserve water. These forests cover large parts of India, northern Australia and countries of Central America.
4.How are tropical grasslands different from
temperate grasslands? Ans: Tropical grasslands are regions of tall grass on the outskirts of the equatorial belt where the rainfall decreases gradually as one moves away from the equator. They are also referred to as the Savanna grasslands. Kenya, Tanzania and Zimbabwe in Africa, the Brazilian Plateau, northern Australia and parts of the Deccan Plateau of India have these grasslands. Temperate Grasslands are rich grasslands found in the cool temperate latitudes in the central part of the continents. The prairies of North America, the pampas of South America, the veld of South Africa and the downs of Australia are all temperate grasslands. These lands have now been converted into major wheat growing regions of the world.
5.Describe the tundra region.
Ans: The tundra region lies in the northern polar region, where the temperatures are extremely low. The area does not support any significant vegetation. Only during the
summer months flowers, mosses and
lichens appear when ice melts. Seal, walruses, polar bears and reindeers are the most common wildlife found in this region. Fill in the Blanks (page 170) 1.Temperate grasslands 2.Desert vegetation 3.Gir forests in Gujarat 4.Hardwood tree 5.Softwood tree Match the following: 1.Anaconda snake 2.Sale and teak monsoon forests 3.Prairies Wheat cultivation 4.Mangrove forests Deltas 5.Selvas - South America
Choose the correct answer
1.Rice cultivation 2.crocodiles 3.Ebony 4.Cork oak 5.Taiga