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Kultur Dokumente
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Introduction
Methodology
389
temperature modes were simulated to verify the optimization result. The simulation results were applied for the
prediction of energy saving of the whole campus after
testing the accuracy. Because the peak load of residential
buildings and public buildings on campus appears at
different times, based on the hourly simulation results, the
peak load as well the energy consumption of the whole
campus could be reduced. The comparison of the
simulation results and the traditional calculation results
indicated that the optimization was valid.
It is worth noticing that this paper is mainly focus on
building load simulation, therefore, the term energy
consumption only refers to the thermal consumption.
3.1
Fig. 1
390
Table 1 Space enclosing structure materials of residential building and thermal performance parameters
Building envelope
Exterior wall
Roof
Floor
Exterior window
3.2
Materials
Thickness/mm
l/(W$m1$C1)
Lime mortar
20
0.81
Polystyrene
40
0.042
250
0.19
Cement plaster
20
0.93
Cement plaster
10
0.93
Lime mortar
25
0.81
Cement plaster
20
0.93
Blast-furnace slag
30
Polystyrene
60
0.042
100
0.19
Compacted clay
300
1.16
100
1.51
Cement plaster
20
0.93
Glass
0.9
Air
12
Glass
0.9
Polystyrene
10
0.042
R/(m2$C$W1)
K/(W$m2$C1)
2.47
0.40
2.21
0.45
0.35
1.98
0.40
2.50
The energy consumption simulation software EnergyPlus was used to analyze the energy saving optimization
strategy based on the two single building models. The
meteorological data of Tianjin in typical meteorological
years [17] were used as input parameters for the
simulation. Other input parameters are tabulated in Table 3.
391
Table 2 Space enclosing structure materials of public building and thermal performance parameters
Materials
Thickness/mm
l/(W$m1$C1)
Cement mortar
20
0.93
XPS
70
0.042
Reinforced concrete
150
1.74
Lime mortar
20
0.81
Building envelope
Roof
Polymer mortar
0.87
XPS
40
0.042
Aerated concrete
200
0.19
Exterior wall
Lime mortar
20
0.81
0.9
Air
12
Exterior window
Floor
0.9
Cement plaster
20
0.93
60
1.51
Compacted clay
300
1.16
R/(m2$C$W1)
K/(W$m2$C1)
2.17
0.46
1.92
0.52
0.43
2.30
0.39
2.53
Items
Personnel density/(m2$per1)
2
Residential building
Public building
Residential building
Public building
20
20
20
20
1 h1
0.8 h1
50 m3$h1$per1
80 m3$h1$per1
392
Items
Heating load index/(W$m2)
2
Residential building
Public building
Residential building
Public building
37.08
42.14
46.32
40.93
60.17
81.85
63.16
82.54
393
Time
Time
00:00 24:00
15
00:00 24:00
08:00 12:00
15
00:00 03:00
14:00 18:00
15
03:00 04:00
8.5
04:00 05:00
11.5
05:00 06:00
14.5
06:00 07:00
16.5
07:00 08:00
17.5
22:00 24:00
Other days
18
Other days
18
00:00 24:00
28
00:00 24:00
30
00:00 08:00
25
00:00 08:00
30
22:00 24:00
25
22:00 24:00
30
Others
28
Others
25
394
Load index simulation results at constant room temperature (Mode-C) and set-point room temperature (Mode-S)
are shown respectively in Table 6. The distribution of the
annual heating and cooling energy consumption of
residential and public buildings are shown in Figs. 9
and 10.
6.2.2
395
Optimization method
Items
Mode-S
Residential building
Public building
Residential building
Public building
37.08
42.14
37.85
45.09
60.17
81.85
54.71
75.52
486858
9434740
426339
5362360
305594
6174211
166540
3440570
Cooling load/W
Heating load/W
9653707
16213330
22341226
16213330
31368771
396
Traditional
Optimization method
Heating load/W
32090708
31368771
Cooling load/W
17721338
16213330
Fig. 12
397
References
Fig. 13
Conclusions
398