IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)

e-ISSN: 2278-5728, p-ISSN: 2319-765X. Volume 11, Issue 2 Ver. I (Mar - Apr. 2015), PP 18-26
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Inequalities of a Generalized Class of K-Uniformly Harmonic

Univalent Functions
Dr Noohi Khan
Department of Amity school of applied sciences Amity University, Malhore Lucknow UP

Abstract: In this paper we define the inequalities for the classes k-USH ( ) and k-HCV ( ) are considered
and obtain inequality for G(z). A class k-USH ( ) is the class of k uniformely harmonic starlike function of
order ( ) .and the class k-HCV ( ) is the class of k uniformely convex function of order ( ) .These two classes
are obtained by the generalization of class k-USH (, , ) [8].
Keywords: Harmonic,uniformely starlike, uniformely convex, salagean.

I.

1.1

Introduction

Let SH denotes the class of functions f h g that are harmonic univalent and sense-preserving in

the unit disk {z :|z| 1} for which the function is normalized by the condition f (0) f z (0) 1 0 .
Then for f h g SH the analytic functions h and g may be expressed as

(1.1)

h(z ) z a nz n , g(z )
n2

b z
n 1

, |b1 | 1.

For analytic function h(z) S Salagean [1] introduced an operator defined as follows:

D0h(z) h(z) , D1h(z) D(h(z)) zh'(z) and

D h(z) D(D1h(z)) z(D1h(z))' z na nz n , N ={1,2,...}.

n 2

This operator D is called the Salagean operator.

Whereas, Jahangiri et al. [4] defined the modified Salagean operator of harmonic univalent functions f as

D f(z) D h(z) (1) D g(z) , N0 0,1,2,...

where D h(z) z

n 2

n1

na nz n and Dg(z) nbnz n .

Class Condition For The Class k-USH (, , ) [8]

For 0 1, 0 k , , k-USH (, , ) denotes a class of functions f h g

satisfying

i D f(z)
(1.2) Re (1 ke )
kei , R .
D f(z)

Also, k-UTH (, , ) k-USH (, , ) consists of harmonic functions f h g so that

(1.3)

n2

n 1

h(z ) z | a n | z n , g (z ) (1) 1 | bn | z n , |b1 | 1 .

It is noted that k USH(1,0, ) k USH() ,

k USH(2,1, ) k HCV()

and

classes

k UTH() k USH()

and

k THCV() k HCV() consist of functions f h g of the form (1.3).

1 USH(0) GH , 1 HCV(0) HCV .
Generalization Of Class k-USH (, , ) [8]
Also

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Inequalities of a Generalized Class of K-Uniformly Harmonic Univalent Functions

The class k-UTH (, , ) generalizes several classes of harmonic univalent functions defined earlier.
For k=0, 1, 0 , this class reduces to SH() the class of univalent harmonic starlike functions of
order which was studied by Jahangiri [2] and for k 0, 2, 1 , it reduces to the class KH() ,
the class of univalent harmonic convex function of order which is studied by Jahangiri [3]. For k=1,
1, 0 , this class reduces to GH () which was studied by Rosy et al. [6]. For k=1, 1 , this
class reduces to RSH (, ) which was studied by Yalcin et al. [5].
(1.1) Results For The Class k-USH (, , ) [8]
In this section necessary and sufficient coefficient inequality for the class k-USH (, , ) ,extreme
points,distortion bounds,neighbourhood property are defined in the form of corollaries.
Corollary 1.1.1 (Sufficient coefficient condition for k-USH( )) [8]
Let f h g be given by (1.1). Furthermore, let

(1.1.1)

(, , )| a
n 1

| (, , )| bn | 2

(n n )(1 k )
1
(n (1) n )(1 k )
(, , ) (1) n
1
with a1 1,0 1,0 k , N {1,2,...}, No { 0,1,2,...} and , then f is
harmonic univalent, sense-preserving in and f k-USH (, , ) . The result is sharp also.
Corollary 1.1.2 (Coefficient inequality for k-UTH( ))
Let f h g where h and g be given by (1.3). Then f k-UTH (, , ) if and only if
where,

(, , ) n

(1.1.2)

(, , )|a
n1

| (, , )| bn | 2

where a1 1, 0 1, N, N0 and .
Corrolary1.1.3 (Extreme Points)
Let f be of the form (1.3) then f k-UTH (, , ) if and only if
(1.1.3)

f (z )

x H (z ) y G (z )

n 1

where,

1
z n , (n 2,3...)
(, , )
1
Gn (z ) z (1) 1
z n , (n 1,2,3....)
(, , )

H1(z ) z, Hn (z ) z
and

n 2

n1

x n 0, y n 0, x1 1 x n y n . In particular, the extreme points of k-UTH (, , ) are

{ Hn } and { Gn } .
Corollary 1.1.4 (Distortion Bounds)
Let f (z) k-UTH (, , ). then for | z | r 1

| f (z )| (1 | b1 |)r (, , ) (, , )| b1 |r2

and

| f (z )| (1 | b1 |)r (, , (, , )| b1 |r2

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Inequalities of a Generalized Class of K-Uniformly Harmonic Univalent Functions

where,

(, , )

1
2 (1 k ) 2 (k )

(, , )

(1 k ) (1) (k )
.
2 (1 k ) 2 (k )

II.

Neighbourhoods

The modified -neighbourhood of f which is of the form (1.3) is defined as the set

N (f ) F z |A n |z n (1)1 |Bn |z n : (n (n n )(1 k)|a n A n |

n 2
n 1
n 2

(1) n (n (1) n )(1 k)|b n B n |

k 1 (1) 1 |b1 B1 | , 0 .

Theorem 2.22 (Neighbourhood property)

Let f satisfies the condition

n 2

1 (n 1)(1 k)|a n |

n1 (1) (n (1) )(1 k)|bn | 1

n1

and

1
1
1 3|b1 |{k(1 (1) ) 1} with |b1 |
2
3{k(1 (1) ) 1}
then, N (f ) k-UTH (, ,0) .
1.2
In this section two classes k-USH ( ) and k-HCV ( ) are considered and obtain inequality for G(z) to
be sense-preserving and to be in the class k-USH ( ) . For the class k-HCV ( ) a sufficient condition is also

derived.
It is also shown that these sufficient conditions are also necessary for the function for G1 (z) to be in
classes k-UTH ( ) and k-THCV ( ) respectively.

Further a necessary

and sufficient condition for convolution function of f and G to be in k-UTH ( ) class is derived.
Consider

G(z) 1(z) (z)

where ,
(1.2.1)

1(z) (a1,b1;c1;z) zF(a1,b1;c1;z)

(1.2.2)

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1 n

z ,
(c1 )n1(1)n1
n 2
2 (z) 2 (a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ; z) F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ; z) 1

n1

(a 2 )n (b2 )n n
z ,a 2b2 c2.
(c2 )n (1)n

Also, consider

(z)

G1(z) z 2 1 2 (z)
z

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Inequalities of a Generalized Class of K-Uniformly Harmonic Univalent Functions

where 1(z) and 2 (z) are given by (1.2.1) and (1.2.2) respectively.
The following corollaries are used in the theoremsCorollary 1 [7]
Let f h g SH be given by (2.1) and if

n (n nk k )|a
n1

| (n nk k )|bn | 2(1 )

where |a1 | 1 and 0 1 then f is sense-preserving univalent in and f k-HCV ( ) .

Further on taking 1, 0 the following corollary is obtained.
Corollary 2
Let f h g SH be given by (2.1) and if

(n nk k )|a
n1

| (n nk k )|bn | 2(1 )

where |a1 | 1 and 0 1 then f is sense-preserving, univalent in and f k-USH ( ) .

Corollary 3 [7]
Let f h g SH be given by (1.3). Then f k-THCV ( ) if and only if

n (n nk k )|a
n1

| (n nk k )|bn | 2(1 )

where |a1 | 1 and 0 1 .

For 1, 0 the following corollary is obtained.
Corollary 4
Let f h g SH be given by (1.3) then f k-UTH ( ) if and only if

(n nk k )|a
n1

| (n nk k )|bn | 2(1 )

where |a1 | 1 and 0 1 .

Theorem 1.2.1
If a j ,b j 0, c j a j b j 1 for j=1,2 then a sufficient condition for G 1 2 where 1 and 2
are given in (1.2.1) and (1.2.2) respectively to be sense-preserving harmonic univalent in and G kUSH ( ) is that
(1.2.3)

a1b1
F(a1,b1;c1;1)
(k 1) 1
c1 a1 b1 1

a 2b2
F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1)
(k 1) k 2 k .
c2 a 2 b2 1

Proof
To prove that G is sense-preserving in , it needs to show that

| 1' (z)|| '2(z)|, z

| 1' (z) 1 n
n 2

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1 n1

z
(c1 )n1(1)n1

1 (n 1)
n 2

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1 n1 (a1 )n1(b1 )n1 n1

z
z
(c1 )n1(1)n1
n 2 (c1 )n 1(1)n 1

(a ) (b )
(a ) (b )
1 (n 1) 1 n1 1 n1 1 n1 1 n1
(c1 )n1(1)n1 n2 (c1 )n1(1)n1
n 2

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Inequalities of a Generalized Class of K-Uniformly Harmonic Univalent Functions

a b (a 1)n1(b1 1)n1 (a1 )n (b1 )n

1 1 1 1

c1 n1 (c1 1)n1(1)n1
n 1 (c1 )n (1)n

a b (c1 1)(c1 a1 b1 1) (c1 )(c1 a1 b1 )

2 1 1

c1
(c1 a1 )(c1 b1 )
(c1 a1 )(c1 b1 )

a1b1
2
1 F(a1,b1;c1;1)
c1 a1 b1 1

a1b1

k F(a1,b1;c1;1)

c1 a1 b1 1

a 2b2

(k 1) k F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1) k by (1.2.3)

c2 a 2 b2 1

a 2b2

F(a 2 ;b2 ;c2 ;1)

c2 a 2 b2 1
a b (c2 1)(c2 a 2 b2 1)
2 2
c2
(c2 a 2 )(c2 b2 )

a b
(a 1)n1(b2 1)n1
2 2 2
c2 n1 (c2 1)n1(1)n1

(a ) (b )
n 2 n 2 n
(c2 )n (1)n
n1

(a ) (b )
n 2 n 2 n |z|n1
(c2 )n (1)n
n1

(a 2 )n (b2 )n n1
z
| '2 (z)|.
(c
)
(1)
n1
2 n
n
So, G is sense-preserving in . To show that G is univalent and G k USH() , applying Corollary (1)

it only need to prove that

(1.2.4)

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1

1 n1(1)n 1

(a ) (b )
(n nk k ) 2 n 2 n 1 ,
(c2 )n (1)n
n1

(n nk k ) (c )

n 2

a 2b2 c2 .

The left hand side of (1.2.4) is equivalent to

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1

(a ) (b )
(a ) (b )
(n 1) 1 n1 1 n1 1 n1 1 n1
(c1 )n1(1)n1 n2
(c1 )n1(1)n1 n2 (c1 )n1(1)n1
n 2

(a ) (b )
(a ) (b )
(a ) (b )
1 n1 1 n1 n(k 1) 2 n 2 (k ) 2 n 2 n
(c1 )n (1)n
n2 (c1 )n1(1)n1
n1
n1 (c 2 )n (1)n
a1b1

(k 1)F(a1,b1;c1;1) [F(a1,b1;c1;1) 1]
c1 a1 b1 1
a 2b2
[F(a1,b1;c1;1) 1] (k 1)
F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1)
c2 a 2 b2 1
(k )[F(a 2 ,b2;c21) 1]

(n 1)k

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Inequalities of a Generalized Class of K-Uniformly Harmonic Univalent Functions

a1b1
F(a1,b1;c1;1)
(k 1) 1
c1 a1 b1 1

a 2b2
F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1)
(k 1) k 1 k .
c2 a 2 b2 1

The last expression is bounded by (1 ) provided that (1.2.3) is satisfied. Therefore, G k-USH ( ) .
Consequently G is sense-preserving and univalent of order in .
On putting 0,k 0 the following result of Ahuja [4] is obtained.
Corollary 1.2.2 [4]
If a j ,b j 0, c j a j b j 1 for j=1,2, then a sufficient condition for G 1 2 to be harmonic
univalent in and G S H is that
*

a 2b2
a1b1
F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1) 2
1
F(a1,b1;c1;1)
c1 a1 b1 1
c2 a 2 b2 1

For 0,k 1 the following corollary is obtained.

Corollary 1.2.3
If a j ,b j 0, c j a j b j 1 for j=1,2 then a sufficient condition for G 1 2 to be harmonic
univalent in and G GH is that

2a 2b2
2a1b1
1 F(a1,b1;c1;1)
1 F(a 2 ,b2 ;c 2;1) 3

c1 a1 b1 1
c 2 a 2 b2 1
Theorem 1.2.4
If a j ,b j 0, c j a j b j 2 for j=1,2 then a sufficient condition for G 1 2 to be harmonic
univalent in and G k-HCV ( ) is that

(a1 )2 (b1 )2
a1b1

{3 k } 1 k
(c1 a1 b1 2)2 c1 a1 b1 1

(1.2.5) F(a1,b1;c1;1)

(a 2 )2 (b2 )2
a 2b2
F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1)

{1 k} 2(1 ) .
(c2 a 2 b2 2)2 c2 a 2 b2 1

Proof
To prove the theorem applying Corollary (2) it needs to show that

n2

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1

1 n 1(1)n 1

n(n nk k ) (c )

(1.2.6)

(a ) (b )
n(n nk k ) 2 n 2 n 1
(c2 )n (1)n
n 1

That is

n 2

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1

(a ) (b )
(k 1) (k ) n 1 n1 1 n1
(c1 )n1(1)n1
(c1 )n1(1)n1
n 2

n2
n 1

(a 2 )n (b2 )n
(a ) (b )
(k ) n 2 n 2 n 1
(c2 )n (1)n
(c2 )n (1)n
n 1

or

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1

(a ) (b )
(n 2)
(k 1) (k ) (n 1) 1 n1 1 n1

(c1 )n1(1)n1
(c1 )n1(1)n1
n 0
n 2
2

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Inequalities of a Generalized Class of K-Uniformly Harmonic Univalent Functions

(a ) (b )
(a1 )n1(b1 )n1
(n 1)2 2 n1 2 n1
(c2 )n1(1)n1
n2 (c1 )n1(1)n1
n 0

(a ) (b )
(k ) n 2 n 2 n 1
(c2 )n (1)n
n1
(k )

But

(k 1) (n 2)2
n 0

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1

(c1 )n1(1)n1

(a1 )2 (b1 )2
3a1b1

(k 1)

1 F(a1,b1;c1;1) 1
(c1 a1 b1 2)2 c1 a1 b1 1

and

(n 1)

n 0

(a 2 )n1(b2 )n1
(c2 )n1(1)n1

(a 2 )2 (b2 )2
a 2b2

F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1)

(c2 a 2 b2 2)2 c2 a 2 b2 1
Thus, the left hand side of (1.2.5) is equivalent to

(a1 )2 (b1 )2
3a1b1
F(a1,b1;c1;1) (k 1)

1
(c1 a1 b1 2)2 c1 a1 b1 1

(a 2 )2 (b2 )2
a1b1
(k )
k F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1)
c1 a1 b1 1

(c2 a 2 b2 2)2

a 2b2
a 2b2
(k )
k 1 k
c2 a 2 b2 1
c2 a 2 b2 1
which is bounded above by 1 provided that (1.2.5) is satisfied. This completes the proof.
On taking 0, k 0 the following Corollary [4] is obtained.

Corollary 1.2.5 [4]

If a j ,b j 0, c j a j b j 2 for j=1,2 then a sufficient condition for G 1 2 to be harmonic
univalent in and G KH is that

(a1 )2 (b1 )2
3a1b1

1
F(a1,b1;c1;1)
c1 a1 b1 1 (c1 a1 b1 2)2

a 2b2
(a 2 )2 (b2 )2

F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1) 2

c1 a 2 b2 1 (c2 a 2 b2 2)2
For 0,k 1 the following Corollary is obtained.
Corollary 1.2.6
If a j ,b j 0, c j a j b j 2 for j=1,2 then a sufficient condition for G 1 2 to be harmonic
univalent in and G HCV is that

(a1 )2 (b1 )2
2a1b1
F(a1,b1;c1;1)

2
(c1 a1 b1 2)2 c1 a1 b1 1

(a 2 )2 (b2 )2
a 2b2
F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1)

2.
(c2 a 2 b2 2)2 c2 a 2 b2 1
Theorem 1.2.7
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Inequalities of a Generalized Class of K-Uniformly Harmonic Univalent Functions

Let a j ,b j 0, c j a j b j 1, for j=1,2 and a 2b2 c2 . If G1(z) z 2

1(z)
2 (z) then,
z

G1 k-UTH ( ) if and only if

a1b1
F(a1,b1;c1;1)
(k 1) 1 F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1)
(c1 a1 b1 1)

a 2b2
(k 1) k 2 +k.

(c2 a 2 b2 1)

Proof
It is observe that

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1 n (a 2 )n (b2 )n n

z
z
n2 (c1 )n1(1)n1
n 1 (c 2 )n (1)n
and k-UTH ( ) k-USH ( ) . In view of Theorem 1.2.1, it needs to show the necessary condition for G1 to be
in k-UTH ( ) . If G1 k-UTH ( ) , then G1 satisfies the inequality in Corollary (3) and the result follows.
G1(z) z

Theorem 1.2.8
Let a j ,b j 0, c j a j b j 1 for j=1,2 and a 2b2 c2 if

(z)

G1(z) z 2 1 2 (z)
2

then G1 k-THCV ( ) if and only if

(a1 )2 (b1 )2
a1b1
F(a1,b1;c1;1)

{3 k } 1 k
(c1 a1 b1 2)2 c1 a1 b1 1

(a 2 )2 (b2 )2
a 2b2
F(a 2 ,b2 ;c2 ;1)

{1 k} 2(1 ) .
(c2 a 2 b2 2)2 c2 a 2 b2 1

Proof
It observe that

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1 n (a 2 )n (b2 )n n

z
z
n2 (c1 )n1(1)n1
n 1 (c 2 )n (1)n
and k-THCV ( ) k-HCV ( ) . In view of Theorem 1.2.4, it needs to show the necessary condition for G1 to
be in. k-THCV ( ) If G1 k-THCV ( ) then G1 satisfies the inequality in Corollary(4) and the result
G1(z) z

follows.
Theorem 1.2.9
Let a j ,b j 0, c j a j b j 1, for j=1,2 and a 2b2 c2 . A necessary and sufficient condition such
that

f (1 2 ) k-UTH ( ) for f k-UTH ( ) is that

(1.2.7)

F(a1,b1;c1;1) F(a 2,b2;c2;1) 3

where 1 and 2 are defined respectively in (1.2.1) and (1.2.2).

Proof
Let f k-UTH ( ) , then

(f (1 2 ))(z) h(z) 1(z) g(z) 2(z)

(a ) (b )
(a1 )n1(b1 )n1
|a n |z n 2 n 2 n |bn |z n
n2 (c1 )n1(1)n 1
n1 (c2 )n (1)n

z
and

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Inequalities of a Generalized Class of K-Uniformly Harmonic Univalent Functions

1
1
,|bn |
n nk k
n nk k
In view of corollary 2.18, it needs to prove that f (1 2 ) k-UTH ( ) , As an application of corollary 2.18
|a n |

(a1 )n1(b1 )n1

|a n |
n 2
1 n1(1)n 1

(a ) (b )
(n nk k ) 2 n 2 n |bn |
(c2 )n (1)n
n1

(a ) (b )
(a ) (b )
(1 ) 1 n1 1 n1 (1 ) 2 n 2 n
n2 (c1 )n1(1)n1
n1 (c 2 )n (1)n
(1 )F(a1,b1;c1;1) (1 )F(a 2,b2;c2;1) 2(1 ) .
The last expression is bounded above by 1 if and only if (2.3.7) is satisfied. This proves the result.

(n nk k ) (c )

References:
[1].
[2].
[3].
[4].
[5].
[6].
[7].
[8].

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J.M, Jahangiri, Coefficient bounds and univalence criteria for harmonic functions with negative coefficient, Ann. Univ. Mariae,
Curie Skledowska Sect. A, 52(2) (1998), 57-66.
JahangiriJ.M, Murugusundarmoorthy,G. and Vijaya,K., Salagean type Harmonic Univalent Functions, South. J. Pure and Appl.
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S.Yalcin,M.
zt rk. And M. Yamankaradeniz., On the subclass of Salagean type Harmonic Univalent Functions.
T.Rosy,B. Adolph Stephen,. and K.G.Subramanian, Goodman Ronning type Harmonic Univalent Functions, Kyungpook Math., J.,
41(2001), 45-54.
Y.C.Kim,J.M. Jahangiri, J.M. and Choi, J.H., Certain convex Harmonic Function, IJMMS(2002) 459-465 (2001)
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