Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
from
F o r e s i g h t
S o f t w a r e
Tutorial Manual
Example 1A
Page - 1
Introduction
The purpose of this tutorial is to introduce you to the look and feel of
CDS/TRPS
You will learn how to
Open jobs.
Zoom the display.
Pan the display.
Use modes and layers (and their function keys) to control what is
displayed on the active screen.
Use a Query to find or alter the attributes of a point.
Use the join hotkey to find the bearing, distance and grade between
any two points.
Open multiple windows to allow different views of a job.
Display different jobs at the one time.
Before starting, you need to have installed the Tutorial Data from the
CDS/TRPS Tutorial Disk supplied, so if you havent already done so,
please install the data now by inserting the disk and using the Run command
from Windows to activate A:\setup.
Note: It is not the intention of these tutorials to provide
you with basic instruction in how to use Windows. If
you do not already have a basic knowledge of how to
use Windows to do the everyday things like; start
programs, open folders, select files, minimize and
maximize sessions, set up printers and print then it is
reasonably pointless in trying to complete these
tutorials.
Please save yourself time and frustration by first
undertaking some basic training so you are
comfortable with the basic functions provided by your
operating system before you attempt to undertake these
tutorials.
Once you are ready to proceed, select the Start button, then select Programs
to display the list of programs available on your computer.
Page 2
Example 1A
Select Foresight CDS/TRPS from that list, and a screen will appear as seen
below.
Now select File from the
menu followed by Open.
The tutorial data has been
stored in a folder named
Foresite\Tutor so you
need to use Windows to
open that folder for you.
You will see that the
program is suggesting that
you Look In a folder named
Program.
Click on the folder with an up arrow, to indicate you wish to look at a higher
level folder, and you will see the main Foresite Folder displayed with the
other folders below it. Select the Tutor folder.
Once the folder is open the screen similar to that seen below. (Depending on
the version of this document, there may be more, less or different files listed
in the folder, so dont worry if the screen is not 100% identical).
In Foresight terms, the most important file in any job is the database where
all the points are stored, so you will see a list of all the databases in the
folder. Note that to
maintain compatibility
with earlier versions, the 3
character Job ID is
retained at this stage, but
later releases of the
software will move to the
long filenames allowed
by the latest Windows
versions.
As you select these db
files with a single click of
your cursor, you will see details about the job listed in the relevant
descriptive fields, allowing easy identification.
Example 1A
Page - 3
The Job, or Database that we are interested in is job 970, so highlight the
file called db.970. The descriptions should indicate that it is data for
Example 1A, so double click db.970 and the screen should appear as
below.
Please note that
the points in the
job are not
meant to
represent
anything like the
jobs you will
encounter in
daily practice,
but are merely an
invented set of
points designed
to spell out
TRPS, and to be
used in this
Tutorial.
So, if you use your imagination, and can make out the letters of TRPS on
your screen we are off to a good start, so lets explore what functions are
available.
Firstly, if you look from the top of the screen, you will see the second line is
the Menu list that contains the various drop down menus you will learn to
use to complete your tasks.
Below the menu list is a row containing a number of icons, and these icons
can be used to give you quick access to commonly used functions.
If you run your cursor slowly over the icons, a window will appear on the
end of your cursor arrow telling you what each icon accesses, so take a few
moments now to position your cursor over each icon in turn to get the idea
of what they do.
The first function we will explore is the Zoom function which allows you to
control the size of the job, or more correctly, how much of your current job
is displayed on the screen at any given time.
Page 4
Example 1A
Zoom
To access the Zoom function you can
1. Select the Icon showing a magnifying glass over the corner of a
screen , or
2. Press the Z key on the keyboard.
Once you either select the icon or press z you are in Zoom Mode, and
more particularly, you are in Zoom Window mode, and your cursor will
have changed to a magnifying glass.
The program is now waiting for you to place a Window around the area you
are interested in.
To do this move your cursor to where you want one corner of the window to
be, and hold down the select button (normally the left one) on your mouse.
With the button held down, move the mouse to drag the window until it
envelopes the area you wish to see at a larger scale.
For example, in the screen below left you see a window around the T and
R in this job, and in the screen on the right you see the screen which is
presented once the button is released.
Example 1A
Page - 5
Dont be confused by those programs that allow you to put a window around
something, and then only display the contents of the window on the screen,
that is not the intention here.
The other function currently available within zoom is to reverse the effects
of the Zoom Window, and to again display the whole job in the active
window.
To achieve this you wish to Zoom Extents, so when you activate Zoom
(either from the icon, or pressing Z) immediately press the E key to
indicate Extents are required, and the screen will be redrawn to show all the
points in the job within the active window.
You can also enlarge the size of the job, or zoom in with
the + icon, or you can reduce the size of the job, or zoom
out with the - icon, and you should try them to see what
they can achieve for you.
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Example 1A
For example, in the screen below left we have positioned the cursor near
Point 12 in the R, then dragged across to near the left hand border, and
down a little from horizontal. You will see a line drawn to show where the
item will move.
When you release the mouse button the screen will be redrawn in its new
location, as seen in the screen shown below right.
Now that you know how to control the extent of the data which is displayed,
next you need to consider how you can control what is shown on that
display at any point in time as far as the attributes of the points, strings,
contours and triangles are concerned.
The combined effects of the Modes and Layers functions control the
Display, and first we will consider Modes.
Modes - Display
You may access the Modes function by selecting its icon, or by pressing the
F9 function key.
The modes icon is the one to the right of the Zoom icon and it represents a
screen display controlling how the job will appear.
When you select the Modes Icon, or press the F9 function key, the screen on
top of the next page will appear.
If you look at the first two options available, you will see that the Display
can either be controlled by Layers, or by Modes, and while the program
gives default control to the layers, there are times when your data is not
Example 1A
Page - 7
To give you an example of what you can do, click the radio button adjacent
to Modes to indicate that you wish to use the Modes function to control the
display.
Next select the ON button adjacent to heights to indicate that you want the
heights of all the points displayed.
Now select OK at the bottom of the screen.
The screen will now
appear as at right, and
you should notice that
heights of all the
points are now
displayed rather than
the point numbers, and
the text is now all the
same colour.
If you wish, you can
again call up the
Modes screen and turn
Point codes ON.
Page 8
Example 1A
Alternatively, you can also use the function keys which were established in
previous versions of Foresight to turn various attributes On/Off.
The Function Keys and their attributes are as follows.
F1
F3
F5
F7
F9
F11
Help
Strings
Heights
Contours
Modes Screen
Points (dots)
F2
F4
F6
F8
F10
Point Numbers
String Names
Codes
Triangle Model
Layers Screen
Please note that there are a limited number of function keys available, and
they have been assigned to the most commonly displayed items.
If you wish to display Description, Layer Names, Road Number, Chainage
or Offset there is no function key available so you will need to use the
modes screen to turn these items on or off.
You should also be aware that the Modes function is also designed to
display only one attribute at a time, so you can either have Point Numbers
displayed, or you can have Codes displayed etc, but you cant have some
Point Numbers and some codes. To do that you need to use layers.
You can however use the Select option from the modes screen to limit the
display to a specified range of point rather than all points in the job. But if
you look at the screen you will see there is only one Select range, so the
attribute currently turned on will be displayed for the range of Points you
have specified.
This function was not designed to allow you to display different attributes
for different ranges of points. That ability is handled by layers which we will
now introduce you to.
Before you proceed, please press Z followed by E to display the entire job.
Example 1A
Page - 9
Layers
The Layers icon that is shown at left, can be found to the right of the Modes
Icon, and the layers screen can also be quickly accessed by using the F10
function key.
When you select
layers, a screen
similar to that at
right will appear.
Here you will see
that there are six
different layers in
the current job.
If you do not
assign points to a
particular layer
they will all be
placed on a
default layer of 0.
Before you start tinkering with the screen, remember that the Modes screen
has ultimate control over whether the display takes notice of the Modes or
the Layers parameter screen, and since we have just finished using Modes to
control the display, we need to switch it over.
Select the tab marked Modes - Display and turn on the Layers button.
Then select the Layers tab to bring back the screen above.
To get some idea of the capabilities of this Layers function, we will first turn
layer 0 and layer Centre OFF so they are not displayed.
To do this, position the cursor on the relevant line in the layer table and
select it with the select button on your mouse. The selected layer will be
highlighted and you then pick the relevant option from the selection boxes
below.
Page 10
Example 1A
Example 1A
Page - 11
So, for example, call up your layers screen again, turn off all layers except
TEE and PEE, and the screen should appear as below.
Hint: One way to
achieve this with
a minimum of
actions is to
select None On
to turn all layers
off with one
action, and then
select Tee and
turn it on, and
then Select Pee
and turn it on.
The standard
Windows method
of selecting items
using Shift Select for Groups and Control Select for individual items is
applicable in the Layers function.
Query
The next Icon displayed on the menu bar is in the form of a question mark,
and if you have a question about any particular point, or wish to change a
particular point, you can select this icon, or enter ? from the keyboard.
You may type in the number of the point you are interested in, or point to it
with the cursor, and its details will be displayed.
A line will also be drawn from the bottom left hand corner of the window to,
or towards the point to indicate its location.
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Example 1A
In addition you can use the Next and Previous buttons to scan forward
and backward through the database.
If you wish to alter the values of a point, you can position the cursor in the
relevant field, and type in the value you require.
The function will NOT allow you to change the point number of a point, but
you can alter any of the other database fields, so please be careful and make
sure you know what you are doing before you start.
If you do change any of the values, once you select the OK button you
will be asked to verify that you wish to save the changes which you have
made, and you must select Yes if you wish the changes to be made
permanent.
Joins
You will often need to know the bearing and distance between two points in
your job, and in CDS/TRPS we call this a Join. ( It is also known as an
Inverse in some areas.
The Join function does not have an icon, and is accessed by pressing the J
key on your keyboard.
This is one of the Hot Keys which you need to remember to make use of
the software easier.
Example 1A
Page - 13
Multiple Windows
In some cases it is useful to have two (or more) different views of a
particular job, and this can be easily achieved as shown below, but before
you start, use your Layers function again and turn all the layers On.
First pull down the Window menu from the menu list, and select the New
Window option. You will see a second window appear with your job
Page 14
Example 1A
If you Tile Vertically, and then Zoom a window around the R shape in the
job, you should see a screen as below left.
You should be aware at this
stage that while you can
have two, or more windows
open at any time, only one
window can be active at any
given time.
The active window can be
determined by looking at the
bar along the top of the
window.
One will be coloured, while the other will be greyed out, and the one
which is coloured is the active window.
(Because you can set screen colours to your own taste, we cant predict what
colour the bar will be, but you will see the difference)
Example 1A
Page - 15
If you wish to switch to make the other window active, simply position the
cursor within the window and press your left mouse button. You will see the
coloured bar changes to indicate the new active window.
Any changes which you make as far as Modes or Layers are concerned will
take effect immediately in the active window, but will not become apparent
in the non-active window until it is redrawn.
You can use this feature to give yourself a simultaneous display of two
different attributes of the points on display.
For example, in the screen
at left we have the display
in the right hand window
controlled by Layers, while
in the Left hand window we
have zoomed up the area of
the R and then used
Modes to display the point
numbers of those points in
the active window.
To extend this concept a
little further, if you look at the screen displayed below, you will see four
windows.
To achieve this, you use the
New Window function
three times to create three
new windows, and then use
the Tile Vertical command
to set the four panes in
place.
You then make each
window active in turn, and
while the window is active
use the Zoom command,
and/or the Modes/Layers
function to control what is displayed in each window.
Page 16
Example 1A
So far we have concentrated on different views of the one job, but you
should be aware that it is also possible to display different jobs at the same
time.
Example 1B
Page 1
Page 2
Tutorial 1B
as there are no points in the job, but we will soon rectify that by adding a
start point, and then calculating some points from it.
If you wish you could simply add points into a job by clicking on the screen,
but before you can achieve this you need to be in Add Mode.
Adding Points
If you pull down the Points Menu, you will see the option for Add Points,
and you should select it.
You will notice that your cursor now becomes a cross rather than the arrow
you had previously.
If you watch the Status Bar at the bottom of the screen as you move the
cursor around you will see that the coordinates update as the cursor moves
around the screen.
We wish to Add in Point 1 with coordinates of East 200 and North 300.
You could, if you wanted, move the cursor carefully until those coordinates
were displayed, and then select the point, but it is not very practical to do so.
Instead you can simply position the cursor somewhere near where you want
the point to be and select a point by pressing the Left mouse button.
A dialogue box will appear as seen below, and you should simply type in
values of 200 for East and 300 for North and then Select OK.
Point 1 will now be saved
with exactly those
coordinates.
You now wish to add
another point being Point 2
with coordinates of E 450
and N 500, so repeat the
process and type in the
relevant values.
Example 1B
Page 3
Note that in this case we have chosen arbitrary coordinate values with
relatively low values, but the process is exactly the same no matter what the
coordinate values you wish to work with.
If the points you enter do not at first appear on the screen simply use the
Zoom Extents function that you learnt in the first example and they should
appear when the screen is redrawn.
Now that we have two base points to work with, we will be calculating other
points rather than adding them, so pull down the Points Menu and turn Off
Add Points by selecting it.
This box is covering the area where you wish to calculate points, so drag it
to the right hand side of the screen so it appears as seen at right above.
You will see that the cursor is flashing in the field titled From Point, and
here we wish to calculate some points from point 1.
You may either type 1 in the field, or if you prefer, you can select the point
on the screen with your cursor (which you might note is now back to an
arrow since you have left the Add Points mode).
Now you need to enter in a bearing, and here you wish to use a bearing of
1530, so type 15.30 in the bearing field and then press the Tab key to
move to the Distance box.
Enter a distance of 20 metres
Page 4
Tutorial 1B
You will see that the program is suggesting that the new point should be
number 3, and we are happy with that, so click on the Apply button and you
will see point 3 appear on the screen.
If you look now at the dialogue box, you will see that the From Point has
changed to 3 and the new point has changed to 4 which is what we intend.
Both bearing and distance fields have retained the values you used, so if you
wish to calculate another point along the same bearing at a distance of 20
metres on from point 3 you need only select the Apply button.
In this example, that is exactly what we wish to do, so click on Apply and
you will see Point 4 appear on the screen.
This method is fine if you only have one or two frontages you wish to
calculate, however in this example we need to calculate another 5 points
along the line, and there is a more efficient way to achieve this that by
clicking apply five times.
If you look below the Apply button you will see a check box titled
Multiple.
It is designed to be used where you wish to calculate multiple points along
the same bearing, each the same distance apart which is something which
surveyors need to do regularly when designing subdivision layouts. (and
Engineers do when laying out buildings, footings and the like)
If you select the Multiple box with you cursor a tick will appear, and the
entry field below will become active.
In this example we need another 5 frontages so enter 5 into this field and
then click on Apply.
You will see points up to
point 9 are calculated and
stored.
Now we wish to calculate a
point on the back boundary
of these blocks of land that
we are attempting to set out.
Example 1B
Page 5
Position your cursor in the Bearing field that should still show 15.3.
You wish to enter a bearing that is at right angles to that bearing, so you can
do the quick sum in your head, or, while the cursor is in the bearing field
you can press the R key.
You will notice that the bearing now reads 105.3 indicating that the function
of the R key is to add 90 to the bearing already shown i.e., to go square
to the Right (There are no prizes for guessing what the key L might do)
Once the bearing is showing 105.3, press the Tab key, or select the Distance
box with your mouse.
The depth of these blocks is to be 35 metres, so type 35 into the Distance
box.
Now, we do not want the Multiple calculations to continue at the moment,
so turn Off the multiple box and then click on the Apply button to position
Point 10.
We now wish to calculate the back corners back down to where we started
which means we have 7 points to calculate.
First, position the cursor in the Bearing box and press R to show a bearing
of 195.3.
Next set the Distance to be 20.
Now turn On Multiple, and enter the number 7 in the Multiple box.
Now select Apply,
and you will see
points 11 through 17
calculated and saved.
Now close down the
Bearing and
Distance box, either
with the Cancel
button, or the X icon.
Page 6
Tutorial 1B
Now use Zoom (either press Z, or select the magnifying glass icon), and put
a window around this batch of points you have just calculated to get a screen
similar to that at right.
Next we need to add in some lines or Strings to show the boundaries of the
lots we have just created.
Adding Strings
Pull down the Strings
Menu and select the Add
option to see the screen
below right.
This is where you add
strings into the job, but
before you get around to
adding, you need to know
about String Folders, and
String Classes.
Example 1B
Page 7
2. Classes
As well as the folder, the Class attribute gives you an additional means of
grouping strings of the same type together and then easily determining how
all members of that class will be displayed/printed.
As an example of some uses of this facility, consider a subdivision that
contains lots of different sizes as laid down under zoning guidelines.
Say for example you had normal size lots, super lots and other lots to be
used as parks.
If you assigned the relevant strings around the boundaries of these lots to
classes, you could then easily have all Super lots filled in and coloured
red, all Normal lots filled in blue, and the Park lots coloured in green.
In addition, you might choose to put all the centrelines of the roads within
the subdivision into a class called CL. You could then decide that all
strings in the class CL should be drawn with Chainages plotted along them
at the half angle offset to the sting
Page 8
Tutorial 1B
4. The String ID
You need to give each string a name, or a number, or, in Foresight
terminology an ID.
The string ID can be any combination of the letters A through Z and the
numbers 0 through 9, and we strongly recommend that you so not include
any characters other than these in string names.
It is possible to have more than one string with the same ID in a job.
Example 1B
Page 9
Alternatively, you can point to the points you require with the cursor.
In this case, the string with an ID of Lot 1 is made up of numbers
1,3,16,17,1 so you should enter them into the entry window.
You will note that the start point (i.e. 1) has been entered again as the end
point in this string and this forms what we term a closed string.
If you wish to be able to determine the area enclosed by a string, you must
use a closed string.
Once the numbers are entered or picked from the screen, the string will be
drawn on the screen for you to see, and as you enter each new number the
next segment of the string will be drawn.
The screen should appear
as at right.
If, as it should, your
strings appears to
represent sensible
boundaries of Lot 1 you
can select the Apply
button and the string will
be stored away.
The cursor will then
switch back into the String ID field waiting for you to enter another String.
If you now attempt to add in Lot 2, the dialogue box may be in your way, so
simply drag the dialogue box across to the right hand side of the screen
before you enter in Lot 2 which is made up of Points 3,4,15,16,3.
We leave it to you to continue adding in the definitions for the strings up to
Lot 7.
Now, having done all this fine work, we suddenly realise that there is a small
problem back at Lot 1.
This is actually a corner lot, and the local council requires that all corner
lots have a splayed (or truncated) corner, which we forgot to include.
Page 10
Tutorial 1B
So, first we need to calculate the points that define the splay or truncation,
and then we will need to change the string definition.
Radiate
To calculate the splay points you should use the Radiate option from the
Cogo menu, so pull own Cogo, and select Radiate.
The From Point should be 1 which you can either point to with the cursor, or
type in from the keyboard.
The first bearing is 1530 for a distance of 3.5 metres to calculate Point 18.
Now you will notice with radiate that the From Point will remain at Point
1 rather than leaping to the last point calculated as in the Bearing &
Distance routine we used earlier.
Position the cursor in the Bearing field, and press the R key to swing the
existing bearing 90 to the right.
Now select Apply and you will see Point 19 calculated.
Now close Radiate.
Change a String.
Next you need to change the existing definition of the string with the ID of
Lot 1.
Pull down the Strings Menu and select Change.
The dialogue box will appear waiting for you to identify the string you wish
to change.
You may pull down the list of String IDs if you wish, and select Lot 1 from
there.
Alternatively you may select it by Pointing with your cursor to the string you
want.
If you do wish to point, it is important that you point to a unique part of the
string.
Example 1B
Page 11
For instance, here if you wish to point to one of the side boundaries, you
would point to the line between points 1 and 17 rather than the line between
point 3 and 16 because this line 3-16 is also part of Lot 2, and so by
definition is not unique to Lot 1.
Once you have identified the string, the numbers 1,3,16,17,1 will appear and
you should position your cursor in this field and alter the numbers to read
19,18,3,16,17,19.
Then press the Show button to ensure you have specified it correctly,
followed by OK to save the new definition of Lot 1.
At this stage your
screen should
look like the one
at right.
Now, the
mysterious Point
2, which has been
lurking up in the
top right hand
corner of the
screen will come
into play.
Point 2 is
actually a point
on the boundary of an existing road that runs East-West, and our next step is
to determine where that boundary will intersect with the frontage of the Lots
we have defined so far.
To do this we can use the intersection of two known bearings.
Page 12
Tutorial 1B
Join
Press the J key to
instigate a Join. Enter the
points 9 and 20
respectively and calculate
as seen in the screen at
right.
As well as noting the
distance, it is very
important that you get in
Example 1B
Page 13
the habit of checking that the bearing is also correct, and here it should be at
1530.
Keep in mind as you are calculating that it is relatively easy to hit a wrong
key, and for example if you had inadvertently keyed 15.50 for the bearing
when you created point 20, you wouldnt see the difference visually.
If you develop the habit of checking often, you wont find yourself in a mess
later on trying to unravel where you actually made the error.
While in this mode it would be worthwhile to check the join between 20 and
2 which should give a bearing of 90 and a distance of 194.535.
Enough of the checking and back on with the calculations.
Now with a distance of 67.5 metres left to the corner, it should be
reasonably clear that you can either get 3 full blocks and a funny little bit,
or two blocks with the possibility of something decent left on the corner.
Before we go much further, we need to see where we can get a full depth
block off both the street running North-South and the street running East
West, and we can determine this by using an offset of 35 parallel to both
streets.
Page 14
Tutorial 1B
Calculating a Curve
Pull Down the Cogo Menu and select Curves followed by IP & Radius.
Note that if it overlaps your points you can Drag the Dialog box over to the
right hand side of the screen so it is out of the way.
Your IP Point is 20.
The incoming Bearing is
1530 and the Outgoing
Bearing is 90
Once you have entered the
two bearings the Deflection
Angle will be calculated.
Note: For the moment
please dont be alarmed if
occasionally an angle or bearing displays as 89.5960 instead of the 90 it is
meant to be - it is still calculating correctly, but there is something strange in
how things are displayed - we will track it down and eradicate it, but until
we do it does not affect the accuracy of the calculations.
Example 1B
Page 15
If you now position your cursor in the Radius field and enter a radius of 25,
then press the Tab key, you will see all the other fields filled in with the
relevant values.
You may, if you wish, alter any of the other values and the radius will
change accordingly.
Basically, once you have fixed the deflection angle, you can fix one other
parameter, and the curve will then be calculated for you.
So, for example in this case if we wanted to have a tangent length of 12
metres, we would end up with a radius of 15.781
Here we will set a radius of 15 metres and accept the tangent of 11.406 that
results.
If you wish, you can
select the Show button
to get a preview of how
the curve will fit, and
then select the Apply
button to store away the
two tangent points and
the centre point of the
curve.
Once the points have
been stored, select the
Cancel button to close down the curve calculator.
Page 16
Tutorial 1B
You have learnt earlier in this exercise how to define Strings, so the only
difference here is that the string has a curve in it.
To define a curve, you enter a tangent point, the centre point preceded by a
+ or a - sign depending on whether the curve is;
Right handed or clockwise about the centre ( + ), or,
left handed or anti-clockwise about the centre ( - ).
It is also recommended that you do not start defining a string on a curve
tangent point.
So here the points you need are 23, 24,+25, 26, 22,21,23.
Note you can pick all points except the centre point with the cursor if you
wish, but we recommend you type in the centre point complete with its sign.
At the end of this process
you might use the Show
button to check what you
have, and it should look
similar to the screen at right.
We are now left with the
decision of what to do with
the area between Lot 7 and
the corner park, and it
seems a reasonable spot for
a small commercial
development so we might leave this area as one large block.
Use the techniques you have learnt to Add in a String called Shops with a
Class or Retail defined by points 9,23,21,10,9.
Example 1B
Page 17
You will see that there are a number of methods of selecting the strings you
require, and for this exercise we will show you how to use the Range facility
to select.
If you pick Select a Range, the screen will appear as seen below
You will see that each of
the folders in the job is
listed. If you wish to
simply select all of the
strings in a particular
folder you can tick the
box adjacent to the name
of the folder.
If you wish to see what
strings are in a particular
folder, you can select the
plus box to the left of
the folder name, and this will expand the display to show a view of all the
string sin that folder, as seen below.
You can simply pick which strings you wish to list with your cursor, or if
you wish to list a whole folder you just pick the folder name.
Once you have selected the strings you require, pick OK.
Next pull down the Strings menu again, and now pick Listings.
You will then be asked which type of listing you require, and a Full Listing
is normal for presentation, so check that button.
Next you will see the Wordpad (in Win95 or NT) program open a window,
and the listing will be presented.
You can use the Wordpad facilities to change fonts etc if you wish, and once
you are happy with the format you should Save the document.
Note: to maintain compatibility with Win3.11 the report is written in
Windows Write format, and while Wordpad knows how to read it, it cannot
save a document in this particular format, so accept its suggestion of using
another format, and either save the document as Text, or a Word document
depending on your own needs.
Page 18
Tutorial 1B
A text format will give you a report that can be easily inserted into drawings
with Autocad or other CAD packages.
The format of the listing can be seen from the sample below.
JOB NAME: C:\CDS\in2
Date: 12/06/1997
POINT
BEARING
DISTANCE
EASTING
NORTHING
_________________________________________________________________________
Folder: lots
String ID: Lot 2
3
15~29'59"
4
105~29'59"
15
195~29'59"
16
285~29'59"
3
PERIMETER
110.001 m.
AREA is
700.000 m. sq
Folder: lots
String ID: Lot 3
4
15~29'59"
5
105~29'59"
14
195~29'59"
15
285~29'59"
4
PERIMETER
110.000 m.
AREA is
700.000 m. sq
Folder: lots
String ID: Lot 1
18
15~29'59"
3
105~29'59"
16
195~29'59"
17
285~29'59"
19
330~29'59"
18
PERIMETER
107.950 m.
AREA is
693.882 m. sq
Folder: lots
String ID: Park
23
15~30'00"
24
105~30'04"
+
25
0~00'00"
26
89~59'59"
22
180~00'00"
21
285~29'59"
23
PERIMETER
119.921 m.
AREA is
906.699 m. sq
20.000
35.000
20.000
35.000
205.345
210.690
244.417
239.072
205.345
319.273
338.545
329.192
309.919
319.273
20.000
35.000
20.000
35.000
210.690
216.034
249.762
244.417
210.690
338.545
357.818
348.464
329.192
338.545
16.500
35.000
20.000
31.500
4.950
200.935
205.345
239.072
233.727
203.373
200.935
303.373
319.273
309.919
290.647
299.065
303.373
15.209
15.000
15.000
15.209
35.000
35.000
248.352
252.417
266.871
266.871
282.080
282.080
248.352
474.353
489.009
485.000
500.000
500.000
465.000
474.353
Tutorial 1C
Page - 1
Select Points.
Alter the Selected Points.
Copy Points from One Job to another.
Select Strings.
Copy Strings from one job to another.
Select Strings and their points together.
Page 2
Tutorial 1C
of the Park, alter them to put them on a layer of their own, and copy them to
a new job where we can try a new arrangement to suit the aesthetic
enjoyment of the planner.
If you pull down the Points menu and highlight the option titled Select, you
will see a series of options presented as seen below.
You should note that
there are eight options
beginning with
Transform and
extending down to
Delete which are
'greyed out' indicating
they are not available.
This is because these
options only become
active once some
points have been
selected.
Tutorial 1C
Page - 3
see a 'triangle' drawn as the polygon you are creating follows your cursor.
Pick a point
somewhere in this
region, and then move
the cursor down until it
is below and to the
right of Point 21 and
your polygon
completely encloses
the area of the park.
Pick the point with the
left mouse button, and
then press the Enter key to end the creation of the Polygon.
You will see the points
will now change
colour, indicating that
they are "selected".
At this stage, we wish
to "alter" all the points
selected to put them on
a layer called "park".
Pull down the Points
menu, and this time
you should notice that since we have selected some points, all the options
except for Paste are now available.
(Paste only becomes available when there are some Points already on the
clipboard.)
Altering points.
Select the option titled Alter and a popup window will appear as seen on the
next page.
This gives you the option of adding a constant to the "coordinate type"
values of the points, and replacing the "text type" values with another value.
Page 4
Tutorial 1C
Here we wish to
assign all the
selected points to the
layer called "park" ,
so position the
cursor in the Layer
field and type in
'park' and then select
OK.
As well as the points
already selected, we
wish to take Points 1
and 2 with us so we know where the roads are to be.
Tutorial 1C
Page - 5
point, or a group of points within a polygon) and then select Item 2, both
items will be selected.
We also wish to
select Point 1, but
you will need to
Zoom up on that area
to see it.
Press the Z key (or
use the Zoom Icon),
and put a window
around the bottom
left hand corner of
the Job where Point
1 lives.
Then select it with your crosshair and see it change colour.
Now Zoom Extents again, and you should see Points 1 and 2 as well as the
points in the park shown in a different colour to the remainder of the points
in the job.
Page 6
Tutorial 1C
Paste Points.
To get the points into it you need to use the Paste function.
If you pull down the Points menu you will see that the paste option is
available because there is data on the clipboard.
If you select Paste, the
points will now be
placed into Job IN3,
and if you then Zoom
Extents, you should
see a screen like that at
right.
At the moment the Job
IN3 is maximised so
you can't see Job IN2
which is also still
open.
Select the Tile window button to bring the job back into a normal sized
window, and you will see Job IN3 overlaid on top of Job IN2.
Now pull down the Windows menu and select Tile Vertically and your
Tutorial 1C
Page - 7
Selecting Strings.
The methodology of selecting strings is the same as you have already learnt
for selecting points, with only some slight changes due to the difference
between points and strings.
If you pull down the Strings menu, and then highlight Select, you will see
similar options to those in Points.
In this instance, you could use the Single String option and put the crosshair
over one of the boundaries of the Park, but since the function of these
tutorials is to teach you how to use various options, we will use Select by
Range.
When you choose this option, a popup window will appear as seen in the
screen below.
This will provide a "tree diagram" showing all the string folders in the Job.
If you wish to see the strings within each folder, you need to click on the
Page 8
Tutorial 1C
Tutorial 1C
Page - 9
this is of no further use to us, you should pull down the Points menu,
highlight Select, and choose Clear Selection.
Then you should Paste the string with either the Paste Icon or by pulling
down the Strings menu and selecting the Paste option.
A window will appear suggesting that you Change String Folder and offer
the default folder of Lots which you should select in this case.
The string will now appear as seen below (in the left pane).
In this example, you have so far learnt some of the methods of selecting
points and strings independently of one another which you often need to do.
You also often wish to select some strings, and the points contained in them,
and CDS has a simplified method of achieving this.
Page 10
Tutorial 1C
now be selected.
You can now copy and paste these points as shown above.
Now that you have finished these first 3 Tutorials, you should be
comfortable with the general look & feel of CDS/TRPS.
You should be confident that you can
Open Exisitng Jobs
Zoom and Pan the Display
Use Modes & Layers to control what is displayed
Understand the Interaction between Modes & Layers
Create New Jobs
Add Points
Calculate Points
Define Strings
Select & Copy Points and Strings
If you are not completely confident of your ability to achieve any of the
things listed above, please save us both a lot of time and frustration by going
back and revising the things you are unsure of before you proceed to the
next tutorial.
Tutorial 1D
Page - 1
Tutorial 1D
In this tutorial you will learn how to
assign strings to classes
use classes to plot solid colours in closed strings
use classes to specify which attributes are plotted on strings
use classes to hatch closed strings.
Open Job db.cl1 in your Tutor directory and maximise the screen.
The screen should appear as
shown. If it does not, try
Zoom Extents to get the view
you need.
To show you the first glimpse
of what you can achieve, we
have already allocated some of
the parcels into particular
classes of strings.
Pull down the Strings menu and
select String Attributes.
The screen should appear as
seen at right.
You will see here that we have
three classes named 0, villas
and small respectively.
Dont be too concerned about
where the names came from, as
the names themselves are
random and of little
importance.
Page 2
Tutorial 1D
Tutorial 1D
Page - 3
Page 4
Tutorial 1D
Tutorial 1D
Page - 5
Page 6
Tutorial 1D
Tutorial 1D
Page - 7
Using Hatching.
As well as filling in closed strings with a solid colour, you can also apply a
hatching pattern.
If you look at your job you will see a court bowl which has a line across its
entrance to close it off.
Select this string by clicking on the line across the neck of the bowl, and then Alter
its class to be Road
Next go back to String Attributes and highlight class name Road.
Click in the fill box, and type in a hatch name of bricks and press enter.
Now press OK and you will see the screen as below.
Page 8
Tutorial 1D
Tutorial 1E
Page - 1
Tutorial 1E
In this Tutorial you will learn how to
From Windows, select the Start button, and then select Programs to see the list of
available programs. Select Foresight CDS/TRPS, and the Foresight screen will
appear.
Pull down the File menu and select New. Enter a Filename of db.trv, and a
Description of Traverse Tutorial, then select Open, and a blank screen will appear
Since this is a new job, select the New option, and then maximise the screen so it
appears as above right
Page 2
Tutorial 1E
At this stage you need to be aware that traverses are broken into two main groups,
defined by how the horizontal angular measurement has been observed and
recorded, and these are.
horizontal bearings
horizontal angles
If you use bearings in the field, please follow through the next section.
If you read angles between the adjacent traverse legs then please skip over the
following section and move on to Page.
Tutorial 1E
Page - 3
To Pt
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
Bearing
16 35 15
83 45 05
67 04 55
111 47 30
191 56 20
142 33 15
241 28 20
276 22 45
306 07 20
274 41 40
Vert. Angle
93 15 20
88 27 30
86 12 25
92 14 55
93 04 15
90 30 30
87 12 40
88 13 50
90 30 00
89 45 00
Distance
134.83
103.127
101.051
158.772
77.511
95.174
106.076
151.522
95.150
102.825
Page 4
Tutorial 1E
Tutorial 1E
Page - 5
Page 6
Tutorial 1E
Tutorial 1E
Page - 7
Page 8
Tutorial 1E
Tutorial 2
Page - 1
Tutorial 2
In this Example you will learn how to
Enter a stadia survey.
Reduce the stadia shots to coordinates.
Print out the Stadia Sheets to create a file copy.
Store the coordinates of the points in the database.
Contour the area.
Setup plot parameters.
Plot the contour plan.
From Windows, select the Start button, and then select Programs to see the
list of available programs. Select Foresight CDS/TRPS, and the Foresight
screen will appear.
Pull down the File menu and select New. Enter a Filename of db.ex2, and a
Description of Tutorial 2, then select Open, and a blank screen will appear
Entering Stadia
Use your mouse to select Entry from the options on the menu, and then
select Electronic Stadia.
The screen will appear similar to that below left.
Since this is a new job, select the New option, and the screen will now
appear as above right
Page 2
Tutorial 2
Tutorial 2
Page - 3
Page 4
Tutorial 2
Tutorial 2
Page - 5
Page 6
Tutorial 2
Once everything is in order, it is time to store the data away into the
database.
You need to be aware that the raw data is stored in its own file, and that only
the calculated coordinates are actually transferred to the database. It is
therefore important that in your own jobs, if you come back and make
modifications to some of the raw data, you need to again store the
coordinates into the database before you will see any of the changes.
To achieve this pull down the Options menu from the Stadia menu bar and
select the option Store Coords to database.
A window will pop up to allow you to control what part of the data is stored.
In some instances you may have shots to control stations which are remote
from the job itself, or some other points which you dont wish to store with
the job, and in those cases you can store only the range of points you
require.
In this case, we wish to store all the points in the Survey into the database,
and since this is the default of the screen you need only select the OK
button.
Now that the raw data is stored in a stadia file, and the reduced coordinates
are safely stored in the
database, the next thing you
need to do is to print out the
contents of the raw stadia
to store away in the job file.
First you should pull down
the File menu in the Stadia
sheet window as seen in the
screen adjacent
Tutorial 2
Page - 7
Once you are satisfied with the settings, use the Print Preview option to
have a look at the prospective output, and when you are satisfied you can
simply print the data.
Since the exact format of the output will depend on the printer you are using
we will leave it to you to tweak the settings where necessary to get the best
formatted output for your particular configuration of equipment.
Once you have successfully printed out the stadia, close the stadia window,
using either the File Close menu command, or the Close X in the top right
hand corner of the window.
The program will ask if you wish to save the changes you have made to the
Survey information, and you should select Yes.
When the job appears, the
active window will be smaller
than the full area available, so
use the Maximise button on the
top right corner of the job
window to make it fill the
screen, as seen at left.
If your screen resembles that at
left, you are now ready to
proceed to form and contour the
model. If your screen does not
appear as shown, please go back to the start of the tutorial and work your
way through again to rectify the problem.
Page 8
Tutorial 2
Providing all has progressed satisfactorily to this point, can now pull down
the Contour menu one more time, and this time the option you need to select
is Calculate Contours.
The contours will appear on the screen as they are calculated, and you will
be asked if you wish to store them.
Unless some unexpected disaster has intervened, your contours should
appear vaguely regular, and you should indicate that you do want them to be
stored.
Tutorial 2
Page - 9
The program will report that it is sorting various contour values before
leaving you with a screen seen below
Page 10
Tutorial 2
Tutorial 2
Page - 11
Since we are going to be trying to position a sheet of paper around the job, it
is a good idea to Zoom Out so you can see more of the job, and how it will
fit on a sheet, so select the icon
The screen should now appear as below.
Plot Parameters
Pull down the File Menu, and select Plot Parameters, and the plot
parameters screen will appear as below.
The Name Field will allow
you to type in the Number,
or name of the plot file
you wish to save, but on
this case we are looking to
get a plot straight out onto
the plotter, so there is no
need to use it. If you wish
to export a DWG,DXF, or
FPF you will need to
provide a name.
Set the scale to 1:200, and
dont worry about the origin as we will fix that by positioning the plot
window.
Page 12
Tutorial 2
In jobs where you know the origin you require the plot sheet to be set at, you
can type those values directly into the fields here.
Point Parameters
Next select the Tab marked Point Param, and the screen will appear as
below
If you wish to plot points
you need to check the box
marked Points so that a
tick appears.
You can then decide on
what marker you require
on the points by using the
Pull down selection box
with a cross in it.
In this instance, a cross
will be fine, and the default size of 2.5 will be adequate.
You can plot out one or a number of the attributes by ticking the relevant
boxes in the left hand column. Here we only want point numbers, so make
its box is ticked, and the remainder are clear.
If you wish to change the Font, colour or size of the text you are plotting,
you can select the Change button, and choose from the many options
presented.
Next you will see two columns which will allow you to individually position
the text about the point marker.
If you are only plotting 1 piece of text then the default will be fine, but if
you wish to plot two pieces of information e.g. point number and height, you
need to fill in the Yoff column to indicate where you want the second
piece positioned.
For example, if you wish to plot Point number and height, and you require
the height below the point number, leave point at a Y offset of 0 and set
height to a Y offset of -4.
Tutorial 2
Page - 13
You can reverse the positions by reversing the Y offsets of the points, and
you can customise the plot to appear exactly as you wish.
You can also fool around (sorry that should be experiment) with the X
positions if you wish, and we leave it to you to examine the flexibility this
feature provides you.
The column titled Angle allows you to rotate the text about the marker. Zero
is horizontal to the right, and you can use a negative value to indicate that
you want the text to slope down, and a positive value to slope it up.
If the text you are plotting contains decimal places, you can use the Acc
(uracy) column to specify how many decimal places should be used.
Once you have set up the parameters to your liking you should proceed .
The Point Selection tab is not necessary in this situation since we wish to
plot all the points in the job, but when you do wish to select particular points
to be plotted this form will allow you to do so.
There are no strings in this job, so you can skip the two tabs with String in
them and move on to the Tab marked Contours.
Contour Parameters
When you select the
Contour tab, the following
screen will appear.
Select the Contour check
box to indicate that you
want contours.
Select Smooth, and accept
the default factor of 0.4.
(The adventurous among
you can try experimenting
with this number later to
see that values closer to 1.0 will give you a smoother contour, but can also
cause the contours to loop back on themselves if the value is too high for
the particular data.
Page 14
Tutorial 2
You can choose the colour you require for both major and minor contours
by selecting the Pen button and choosing a colour from the palette
presented.
If you wish, and we dont suggest you should at this stage of your education,
you can use different linetypes by selecting the button and choosing from
the table of available linetypes
displayed.
At this stage we have not indicated
that we want any labels on the
contours, so we will proceed and
position the plot without them.
OK returns to the graphic screen,
which will now appear as at right,
and the dashed rectangle around
the job represents the plot sheet
you have chosen (A1 in this case) at the scale you have assigned (1:200).
Print Preview.
Now you should pull down the File menu and select the Print Preview
option.
Tutorial 2
Page - 15
The screen should appear as seen below, and you zoom in for a closer look
at particular areas if you choose.
You might like to zoom in
around one of the points being
plotted to see if the size and
location of the text is
appropriate.
If you wished, you could now
press the Print key and
windows would take over and
plot out your creation for you.
At this point however, you do
not have any labels on your contours, so I suggest you do the next step
before wasting a sheet of paper.
Page 16
Tutorial 2
You may enter as many lines as you think you might need.
When you have finished drawing the lines, simply press the Enter key.
At each point where one of your lines intersects a major contour, the contour
will be broken and its height will be inserted.
The screen below left shows some of the lines in the process of being drawn,
and the one below right shows the result once the labels have appeared.
Now that you have labels, pull down the File menu, select Plot Parameters,
followed by the Contour Tab.
Now select the check box adjacent to Major label, and set the colour of your
choice.
If you now return to the File menu and do a Print Preview, you should see
labels on the contours, and now you can commit your creation to paper with
the Print key if you wish.
Tutorial 2
Page - 17
The screen below shows a zoomed in view of the Print Preview screen
where I have been a little creative with positioning of the point attributes,
and it also has contour labels clearly visible, although a little small.
If you go back to the Contour parameters screen and increase the Font Size
for the contour labels you should be ready to commit your handiwork to
paper by using the Print button instead of the Print Preview option.
Page 18
Tutorial 2
Except for
these
words
this page
is meant
to be
blank
Tutorial 2A
Page - 1
Tutorial 2A
In this Tutorial you will learn
the definition of a Symbol
the concept of Symbol size
the concepts or Representative and Pictorial Symbols
using the Symbol Library
Inserting Symbols manually - in space and over points
Deleting a Symbol
Inserting Symbols using Feature Codes
Inserting a Pictorial Symbol
How to insert Descriptive Text into a Job.
Page 2
Tutorial 2A
Tutorial 2A
Page - 3
Sizing Symbols
From the basic 1 metre square, you can then apply size factors for Width
and /or Height as you insert the symbol into the job so that it appears the
correct size on the screen and on the plans you create.
For example, if you take the circle we mentioned above and inserted it
directly into a job it would end up with a diameter of 1 metre.
However, if you needed it to represent a drain hole with a measured
diameter of 600mm, you would need to assign a size factor of 0.6 for both
Width and Height as you inserted it into the job.
Similarly, if you wished the circle to represent a pit with a diameter of 1.5
metres you would need to use a size factors of 1.5 for both width and height
when you inserted the symbol into the job.
This initial sizing as you insert the symbol will result in the symbol being
drawn at the correct size in relation to other features in the job.
If the symbol you were using was a rectangular pit which measured 0.7 by
0.4 on the ground, then you would take the symbol you wished to use and
apply a Width of 0.7 and a Height of 0.4 to achieve the correct result.
Scaling Symbols
As well as determining the size of the symbol in real world dimensions, you
also need to determine if a particular symbol will be scaled to match the
drawing scale when the job is plotted out.
Symbols can either be considered as representative or pictorial.
For example, the drainage pits mentioned above, would normally be
representative i.e you would like them to be drawn at the correct scale on the
plan to represent their true relative size on the ground.
Alternatively, there are things such as light poles, or traffic lights or survey
permanent marks which you may wish to represent with a symbol which is
purely pictorial i.e. it represents the location and identity of the feature, but
does not necessarily represent its true size in relation to other features on the
plan.
Page 4
Tutorial 2A
For example, the survey mark that we mentioned might be a nail in a kerb.
If this nail was 10millimetres across the top, and you tried to represent it at
the correct size on a 1:1000 drawing you would not see it, so it would be far
more sensible to make its symbol non-scaleable so that it holds the same
size regardless of the scale of the drawing.
So, armed with these basic concepts it is time for you to try and apply them
in a vaguely real situation, and to show you the procedure we will use some
of the sample symbols supplied with CDS/TRPS.
Tutorial 2A
Page - 5
using the scroll bar on the right hand side to see all of them.
If you look at the columns for a moment, you will see a graphic picture, the
name of the symbol, a check box under the heading scaled, the Width and
Height to be used and columns for Insert X and Insert Y.
If the symbol is to be representational, and change scale with the scale of the
drawing it is to be plotted on, then the Scaled box must remain checked.
Logically then, if you want to represent a particular symbol as pictorial only
you would uncheck the Scaled Box.
The Width and Height columns default to 1 as mentioned above for all of
the default symbols supplied, and you can size each symbol individually as
it is inserted into the job.
Alternatively, you can create symbols that are already sized if this suits your
type of work. For example, say you did detail surveys which involved
picking up a large number of standard drainage pits, and you knew that they
only came in diameters of 300, 600 and 1200 millimetres.
If you have a base symbol called Pit that was a circle with a base diameter of
1 metre, you might like to create three copies of the symbol Pit called Pit3,
Pit6 and Pit12 respectively.
You could then enter width and heights of 0.3 for Pit 3, 0.6 for Pit 6, 0.9 for
Pit9 and 1.2 for Pit12, and then instruct the field party to code the points
accordingly.
The shift columns allow you to offset a symbol from the point over which
you insert it, and we will cover this facility in a later tutorial, once we have
mastered the basics.
If you scrolled down through the symbols, you would have seen that there
were a number of TREE symbols, and we will first use a couple of these to
demonstrate how the symbol can be inserted both manually, and
automatically by means of the Code Library.
Page 6
Tutorial 2A
Tutorial 2A
Page - 7
If you redraw the screen by pressing the D key, the symbol should
appear. If it does not, you need to make sure symbols are turned On using
the Modes screen.
So, either press the F9 button,
or use the Modes Icon to
bring up the Modes screen as
seen at right.
Make sure that you check the
On button on Symbols which
is on the bottom right of the
screen, and then select OK.
When the screen reappears,
you will see the rough outline of a tree appears in place of the square, and
you may zoom in to get a closer look if you wish.
OK, you have a symbol in place, but because you didnt do anything about
the scaling when you inserted it, your tree will appear with a canopy of 1
metre across, which means it is probably closer to a shrub rather than a tree.
Lets now insert the same symbol over Point 10, but this time our field party
has told us that the canopy of the tree has a spread of 5 metres.
Pull down Entry again,
highlight Symbols and
Select Insert a Symbol.
Enter TREE1 as the symbol
to insert, and this time enter
a scale of 5.
You will see a bigger box (5
times bigger in fact) than
you saw last time, and you
should insert it on Point 10.
Page 8
Tutorial 2A
Tutorial 2A
Page - 9
When you wish to position a symbol exactly over a point, you simply type
the point number required into the Point Column, as seen below.
(You will see later in this Tutorial that you can also use Feature Codes to
position symbols over points)
NOTE: you may, if you wish, come directly to this table and simply type in
the name of the symbol, the size and the point to locate it over if you wish to
manually position symbols over existing database points.
You can also use this table to alter the sizing of a symbol you have already
placed.
Delete a Symbol
In the event that you wish to delete a symbol that you have placed, you also
come directly to this option.
Use your cursor to select the Line Number of the symbol you wish to delete.
I.e. click on the line number on the left-hand side.
You will see the entire line is highlighted or selected, and you can then
simply press the Delete key to remove the particular symbol.
Be careful, since there is no undo facility available.
Next it is time to learn how to use feature codes to insert symbols
automatically.
Page 10
Tutorial 2A
Tutorial 2A
Page - 11
Here enter the - character, since later in this example we will wish to apply
attributes to the symbols we are using.
The cursor will now be in the Column titled Code on the first line, waiting
for you to type in the feature code you have used, and then to indicate what
you want done with it.
Our first code is PP, so type it in and press the Tab key to move into the
Type column. Here you will see a drop down list showing you the various
types of codes available.
For this exercise, we are only interested in codes which apply to particular
points, so you should select the Point type either with the mouse, or by
typing P followed by Enter.
The cursor will now be in the Action column.
The action we require is to place a symbol over the point, and you know that
you have a symbol called powpol in your symbol library which you wish
to use to indicate power poles.
Type in S=POWPOL to indicate that wherever the program finds a point
with a code of PP it is to insert the symbol powpol. Then press enter or
Tab to move the cursor into the layer column.
Type in Power to indicate that all points with this particular code are to be
assigned to a layer called power.
The cursor will move to the Folder column, but since we are not interested
in strings in this example we have no need for a string folder, so simply
press Tab to move past it and leave it blank.
The cursor should now be in the Code column again, so type in STN, set
it as a Point code, define the action of S=STN and assign a layer of
MARKS.
Again Tab past the Folder column to finish off the line.
Your screen should now appear as below.
Page 12
Tutorial 2A
Tutorial 2A
Page - 13
Also, most Survey Stations are marked with a peg or monument which is
considerably smaller than 1 metre square, so we need to take remedial action
here as well.
Page 14
Tutorial 2A
Tutorial 2A
Page - 15
Inserting Text.
If you need to insert Descriptive text into the job for things such as Road
Names or construction notes or Tree descriptions, you can do so in the
following manner.
Pull down the Entry menu, select Text, and then select Insert Text.
The screen will appear as
at right.
You will see a window
pop up, and you can
Drag it around the
screen so it is clear of
where you want the text to
be.
You can type in whatever
text you wish to add in the
window at the top of the pop-up.
Here we wish to type in a description of Snow Gum 12 m high to the right
of the tree over point 10. So first type the string of text into the text window.
You can now choose where to locate this text, and you may either Point with
your cursor to indicate where it is to start, or, if you wish you can type in the
coordinates of the start point you require.
In most cases pointing will be simpler, so move your cursor to a location at
the right of the tree. Pick the point with your left mouse button, and you will
see the coordinates appear in the Text entry box.
Next you need to enter in the bearing for the text. You may either type in a
bearing in the usual format, or you can use the P option to get the bearing
between two points, or you can use the D option to draw the bearing you
require on the screen
In this case, we will use a bearing of 45, so type that in.
Page 16
Tutorial 2A
You now can enter in the layer name to store the text on, and in this case
text will be adequate
Next you need to set the font and size for the characters, so pick the button
labelled Font.
You will see the familiar windows font selection panel appear to allow you
to choose what you require.
As an example, pick Arial,
10 Point Regular and then
select OK.
You will see these values
now appear in your popup text window similar to
what you can see in the
screen at right.
Once you are happy, press
the OK button and the pop
up screen will disappear.
Now, before you panic
because you cant see the
words let me assure you
that the text will appear
the next time you redraw
the screen.
If you dont wish to take
my word for it, press the
D key to reDraw, and
you should now see the
words, as seen at right.
Armed with this knowledge, you can now insert all manner of text onto your
drawings, but I do advise that if you wish to get into serious schedules and
the like you are much better advised to do it in your CAD package.
Occupied Station :
Tutorial 2 Data
Page 1
1 Desc:______________
North: 1000
R.L. 100.00
Hz Ang
Dist
R.L.
100
40 23'
99.8
102.52
101
25 52'
98.84
100.23
102
357 42'
88.65
101.26
103
358 07'
65.97
99.85
104
357 02'
41.99
97.68
105
356 42
18.583
100.31
106
221 48'
4.09
100.97
107
52 21'
41.21
100.26
108
93 07'
43.19
102.50
109
90 13'
69.64
103.60
110
74 41'
74.21
101.80
111
51 11'
75.19
100.60
112
54 23'
101.28
101.60
113
44 32'
125.30
100.99
114
23 17'
79.75
100.23
115
37 16'
56.28
98.30
Code
STN-Peg
Page 2
Tutorial 2 Data
Occupied Station :
112
Desc:______________
North: ____
R.L. ____
Pt No
Hz Ang
Dist
R.L
116
40 48'
38.47
101.15
117
84 29'
23.47
101.85
118
156 27'
40.70
102.35
119
166 48'
58.25
103.85
120
156 26'
60.65
105.80
121
143 54'
46.17
104.40
122
86 45'
33.18
103.70
123
50 33
45.68
103.20
124
138 42
50.64
104.35
125
150 34
64.29
105.60
126
87 46
38.78
103.55
127
54 29
50.14
103.08
128
60 18
57.31
101.65
129
89 32
49.85
100.85
130
129 11
62.30
101.86
131
140 11
73.57
103.45
Tutorial 3
Page - 1
Tutorial 3
In this tutorial you will;
Contour a natural surface from a job supplied.
Identify where the model fails to accurately represent a creek through the
surface.
Define discontinuity or breakline strings along the creek.
Re-contour the surface to incorporate the discontinuities.
Start CDS/TRPS in your usual fashion, either from the Start Programs list,
or from a shortcut if you have one set up on your desktop.
Now pull down the Contour Menu and select Surface Parameters to see the
screen on top of the next page.
For our purposes the majority of the default values will be sufficient,
however you should change the Contour interval so you have a Major
Interval of 2.0 and a Minor Interval of 0.5.
This will give you a clearer picture of the surface.
Once the changes are made, select OK .
Page 2
Tutorial 3
Next you should pull down the Contour Menu and select the Form model
option.
The triangles will be quickly formed and the screen should appear as below
left.
Now pull down the Contour menu again, and select Calculate Contours, and
when asked you should save the contours that have been formed, and appear
as in the screen below right.
Now, if you inspect these contours, you will find it difficult to see any creek
running across the model, however we can tell you that there should in fact
be one.
Tutorial 3
Page - 3
In fact, we have been told by the field party that the creek is defined by the
following points.
Left Bank Centreline
Right Bank
points 11,24,39,59,76
points 45,25,40,60,77
points 46,26,41,61,78
To get a clearer picture of how the model has been formed, Zoom up a
window of the approximate size you see in the screen shown below.
Once the screen is redrawn, you should see a set of contours similar to those
in the screen below, and it is obvious that these contours are not
representing a creek, so we need to re-educate the model, and this can be
easily achieved by inserting discontinuities or breaklines.
(The two names are
interchangeable and it
depends which school
you went to as to
which one you are
more familiar with)
Since you are satisfied
that the existing
contours are a little
odd you should
Zoom Extents so you
Page 4
Tutorial 3
can see the full job while you add in some strings to represent the creek.
In order for the program to take notice of the discontinuities, they need to be
placed in a string folder called NDIS where the N signifies that these
discontinuities (thats the DIS part) are to apply to the Natural surface.
Pull down the Strings menu, and select the Add option.
Tutorial 3
Page - 5
Once you have entered in point 76 you should select the Apply button to
save the string away.
Now set the String ID to CL.
The list of Points is 45,25,40,60,77 and then select Apply
You should now see two lines across the display indicating the left bank and
the centreline of the creek.
You should now repeat the process with a String ID of RB and points of
46,26,41,61,78. Select Apply to end this string entry.
Then select Finish to close down the Add Strings window.
You should be able to see the strings drawn over the contours, but if you
wish to get a clearer picture you can turn the contours OFF by either using
the Modes screen, or by using the F7 Function Key.
Page 6
Tutorial 3
Pull down the Contour Menu once more, and this time select Calculate
Contours, and save them when the process is finished.
The screen should now appear as seen below.
It should already
be apparent that
there is now a
creek running
through the
model.
If you wish to
Zoom into the
window that you
used earlier in
this tutorial you
should now see
the creek clearly
defined as seen
below.
Tutorial 4
Page - 1
Tutorial 4
In this exercise you will learn how to;
Use the maximum triangle side to limit where contours are formed.
Select and delete individual triangles
Select and delete triangles within a polygon
Enter boundary strings into a Contour model..
Use boundaries to remove unwanted contours.
Use boundaries to remove unwanted triangles.
.
You have been provided with a Job named db.bdy in the \Tutor folder and
you should Start CDS/TRPS, and use File Open to open db.bdy
The screen should similar to that below
Now select
Contour, then
Surface
Parameters and
reset to use all
the points in the
job. Set the
Major Contour
interval to 2
and the Minor
Interval to 0.5
Next Form the
Model. (Note
since we wish to use the extents of the job as the Surface Area, there is no
need to access this option as Extents is the default.)
Now calculate the contours and allow them to be saved. Your job should
now look like that below.
Now while this may at first appear to be a reasonable result, particularly if
you have never seen the site, I regret to inform you that it is not quite
correct, and there are a number of areas where triangles and contours are
formed when they have no valid reason to be there.
Page 2
Tutorial 4
For example on
the southern area
of the job, there
is a run of points
around a curve
from point 230,
through 130 and
up to 137, and
these points are
in fact around the
boundary of the
particular parcel
of land.
Likewise, on the
eastern boundary there is another curved run of points from 239 in to 204
and up to 214, and these points also follow the boundary of the land.
Now, your client will complain enough about your fee for providing a
contour plan of her land without having contours drawn on the neighbours
block as well, so we need to examine ways of removing the excess contours.
In broad terms, you can either prevent the triangles forming over the areas in
the first place, or remove them after they have formed, and there are
essentially three ways in which you can go about this exercise.
1.
2.
3.
Tutorial 4
Page - 3
If you look closely at your points you will see that you really dont wish to
form any triangles that have a side larger than the distance between points
210 and 204.
So, press J to get a join between these points and you will find out that the
distance is a little over 85 metres.
Now pull down your
Contour Menu, select
Surface parameters and set
the Maximum triangle side
to 85 as seen in the screen
at right.
Once this is accomplished,
you should again pull
down the contour menu,
and now select Form
Model.
The triangles should now
appear as seen at right.
As you can see, we have
removed the triangles in
the concave areas, but we
have been a little over
enthusiastic in other areas
and have left holes in the
parcel.
While the tool of
Maximum Triangle Side is not the correct one for this particular set of data,
it is important that you are aware of its capabilities so you can use it where
the data is more closely defined in the body of the job.
Go back to your surface parameters, set the maximum Triangle side to No
Check and then re-form the model, and we will go on to show you a better
method of controlling where contours are drawn.
Once the triangles have been formed, you can either select them manually,
as described next, or enter in closed strings to contain and delete the
Page 4
Tutorial 4
unwanted ones, and it is up to you to learn the various methods, and then
decide which method is most applicable to the job in question.
Tutorial 4
Page - 5
colour and the outside of the two triangles remains blue, or whatever colour
you have set up on your machine.
Once you have selected all the triangles required, pull down the Contour
menu again, highlight the Edit Model option, and pick Delete selected
triangles and you will have achieved the end result.
Remember then to again pick the Select Independent triangles option to turn
it off and return your cursor to the normal pointer.
Select Triangles by Polygon
This option allows you to construct a polygon around the area where you
wish to remove triangles.
Only triangles that are completely within the polygon will be selected.
To use this option, pull down the Contour Menu, followed by Edit Model,
and then pick Select Triangles by Polygon.
Then drag you cursor around to build the polygon you require, and press the
Enter key once finished.
The screen at right shows
the Polygon, and the
perimeter of the selected
triangles within it.
You will now see the
perimeter of the triangles
you have selected change
colour, and, providing
you have got the polygon
in the correct place, you can then use the Delete Selected triangles Option.
Page 6
Tutorial 4
Tutorial 4
Page - 7
If you now turn your contours on, the screen will appear as below left.
Now pull down the Contour Menu, Select the Boundaries Option, and select
Contours.
A pop up window will scroll through the contours being processed, and the
screen will be redrawn as seen above right.
At this stage, you have removed the contours outside the area of interest, so
you can get a plot out showing what you need.
However, you MUST be aware that this method, while quick and effective
in terms of presentation plotting is not the ultimate method of removing the
unwanted parts of the model.
Page 8
Tutorial 4
In fact, this method does not touch the underlying model at all, and if you
press the F8 key to display the triangles, you will see that the original
triangles still cover the areas where there is not supposed to be any data.
If you were to select the Option to Calculate Contours again, you would
again have contours where contours are not meant to be.
And, if you used this model for the calculation of Volumes, it is quite
possible that you might get a completely wrong answer as the model is
covering an area not intended to be part of the volume calculations.
So, why you ask do we have this method it doesnt do everything needed?
The answer is because it is the fastest way for you to get the plot you are
looking for.
While in this example there is effectively no difference between the time
taken to remove contours and the time taken to remove triangles, on large
jobs the time taken for the triangle removal can be considerably longer.
So, if it is for purely cosmetic reasons that you wish to remove contours
from some areas of the job, this method is perfectly adequate, but if you
wish to use the job to calculate volumes, it is strongly recommended that
you use the Triangle method described below.
Tutorial 5
Page - 1
Tutorial 5
In this Tutorial you will learn how to;
Enter Cross Sections from Level Sheets containing Chainage, Offset and
Reduced Level.
Review the Cross Sections and Profile on screen
Plot out Cross Sections and a Profile of the Centreline.
Use Start, Programs, or a shortcut if you have one to start CDS/TRPS.
Pull down the File menu, select New, and enter a JobID of db.ex5, and a
description indicating it is data for Tutorial 5.
Pick the New button to indicate that you need a new level sheet.
You will be asked to specify the road number for the level sheet, and can
simply press the Enter key to accept the default value of Road 1 which is
offered.
A screen similar to that below will appear, and once you press Enter to lock
away the rd1 entry on the first line, you can start entering your data into
the relevant columns, as shown in the sample screen.
Page 2
Tutorial 5
Tutorial 5
Page - 3
combination with the Backspace or Delete keys to make the changes you
require.
Once you have finished entering the data, you can use the File menu to
access the Print Preview and Print option if you require a hard copy of the
entered data.
The next step is to store the entered data into the database, so pull down the
Options menu in the entry screen and select Store data to database.
A screen will appear to allow you to control the extent of the data which you
store, but in this case you wish to store all the points which is the default.
Simply pick the OK button, and the points will be stored for you.
We now wish to close down the entry screen, so use either File, Close, or
the close X at the top of the window, and answer Yes when asked if you
wish to save changes to the level sheet.
Now before you panic about the lack of points displayed on the screen, you
need to think about what type of data you have entered.
All you entered for this example were chainages, offsets and levels, however
this Plan View screen is designed to display east and north coordinates.
Since there are no east or north coordinates on any of the points yet it is
perfectly reasonable for them all the be clustered off in one corner out of
sight, and later in these tutorials you will learn how to assign these points to
an alignment and so calculate relevant coordinates for them.
Until then, all we are really interested in is profiles and sections of the
points, and these can be easily achieved with the values we have.
Pull down the Road menu, and you will find that the Road routine loads its
own Window .
Since we wish to work in the road routines to produce sections and profiles,
you should maximise this window by clicking the maximise icon on the top
bar where you see Foresight Roadworks db.ex5.
Page 4
Tutorial 5
If you dont know how to do this, please refer back to your windows training
to refresh your memory. (Try selecting the icon second from the right on
the top line of the window)
We repeat that it is
important that you are
familiar with the general use
of the Windows functions
before you attempt these
tutorials.
Once you have maximised
the Road window, Pull
down the Road option, and
select Display & Plotting as
seen at right.
Then Select Display Profile and the screen should appear as seen below.
Note, that this shortcut
straight to the profile will
only work if you wish to
display a centreline on Road
1.
If you wish to view a Road
other than Road 1, or a
profile other than a
Centreline (ie. a line joining
points of increasing
chainage with an offset of zero), you will need to set up parameters before
you can display the profile.
Next pull down the Road
Menu again, and again
select Display & Plotting,
and this time select the
Display Section option, and
your screen should appear
as that seen at right.
You can use the Next button
Tutorial 5
Page - 5
Page 6
Tutorial 5
fields that will change as you move your cursor around in the active
window.
If your cursor is in the Section window, the field on the left will display the
Offset of the cursor, and the field on the right will contain the RL of the
cursor.
If you have the cursor in the Profile window, the field on the left will display
the Chainage of the cursor, and the field on the right will contain the RL of
the cursor.
Tutorial 5
Page - 7
Page 8
Tutorial 5
Tutorial 5
Page - 9
If you look closely in the bottom left of the plot, you will see two boxes
which do not have a label to indicate what the figure represent, so we best
rectify this before we waste a sheet of paper.
Close the Print Preview window, and again select your Profile or Long
Section Parameters.
This time when the screen
appears select the
Format button at the
bottom of the screen, and
a screen similar to that
shown right will appear.
Your aim is to insert the
labels Chainage and
Natural Surface to make
it appear identical to the
screen at left.
If you are in an adventurous frame of mind, you may wish to play with the
font settings, and choose a different font, colour and size, and we will leave
it to you to discover the hours of fun which can be had trying different
combinations.
If you select the Font box between Chainage and the black square, the
Font screen will appear and provide a gateway to your artistic leanings.
For this exercise, we are happy with the default font, so close down your
parameter screens and
then pull down the File
menu, and again select
Print Preview.
This time the profile
will again appear, and
if you use the
magnifying tool in the
boxes at the left of the
profile you should see
something very similar
to the screen at right.
Page 10
Tutorial 5
Once you are ready, you may now commit this profile to the plotter, either
directly from the Print Preview window, or by pulling down the File menu
and selecting Print.
You should note that the File menu also contains options to Export the
profile either to and Autocad compatible DWG file, or alternatively to a
DXF file to transfer to other CAD packages.
If you wish you can also save the profile in Foresight Plot File (FPF) format
for use in the CAD facilities of earlier versions of TRPS.
Tutorial 5
Page - 11
Close the preview
screen and go back to
your section parameter
screen.
Page 12
Tutorial 5
Except for
these words
this page
is meant
to be
blank
Tutorial 5 Data
Page - 1
R.L.
Chainage
Offset
R.L.
840.000
0.000
83.011
1000.000
0.000
92.584
840.000
-9.000
84.407
1000.000
-9.000
93.060
840.000
-19.000
86.172
1000.000 -21.000
92.431
840.000
10.000
81.035
1000.000 -25.000
90.094
840.000
12.000
79.177
1000.000
10.000
91.545
840.000
16.000
79.447
1000.000
23.800
88.061
880.000
0.000
88.738
1000.000
30.300
85.809
880.000
-9.000
90.197
1040.000
0.000
88.121
880.000
-20.000
89.838
1040.000
-9.000
87.390
880.000
-26.000
86.898
1040.000 -21.700
86.149
880.000
10.000
87.353
1040.000
10.000
88.671
880.000
21.000
85.220
1040.000
33.200
88.062
920.000
0.000
92.697
1080.000
0.000
83.879
920.000
-9.000
93.481
1080.000
-9.000
83.167
920.000
-12.000
91.595
1080.000 -16.700
82.012
920.000
-17.000
87.181
1080.000 -18.900
82.961
920.000
-26.000
83.418
1080.000
10.000
84.231
920.000
10.000
89.979
1080.000
28.000
84.650
920.000
20.000
86.689
1120.000
0.000
84.515
960.000
0.000
93.678
1120.000
-9.000
83.989
960.000
-6.000
94.616
1120.000 -30.600
83.198
960.000
-9.000
91.968
1120.000
10.000
85.020
960.000
-14.000
88.275
1120.000
25.500
85.343
960.000
10.000
91.142
960.000
34.500
84.941
Page 2
Tutorial 5 Data
Chainage
Offset
R.L
Chainage
Offset
R.L
1160.000
0.000
86.858
1320.000
0.000
93.869
1160.000
-4.000
85.873
1320.000
-9.000
90.969
1160.000
-9.000
85.026
1320.000 -29.000
89.869
1160.000 -31.700
84.066
1320.000
10.000 102.013
1160.000
10.000
90.318
1320.000
32.000 105.425
1160.000
24.300
92.276
1360.000
0.000
99.193
1200.000
0.000
89.196
1360.000
-9.000
95.331
1200.000
-3.800
87.337
1360.000 -34.000
96.574
1200.000
-9.000
86.803
1360.000
10.000 102.241
1200.000 -25.100
86.220
1360.000
27.000 103.478
1200.000
10.000
96.224
1400.000
0.000 107.939
1200.000
25.900 100.902
1400.000
-9.000 108.436
1240.000
0.000 104.628
1240.000
-9.000 101.103
10.000 105.775
99.029
1400.000
22.500 101.910
1240.000
3.400 105.963
1440.000
1240.000
10.000 105.995
1440.000
1240.000
16.700 108.634
1240.000
27.600 111.427
1440.000
1280.000
0.000 105.011
1280.000
-6.200 104.545
1280.000
-9.000 101.041
1240.000 -21.800
1280.000 -25.900
97.892
1280.000
10.000 108.578
1280.000
21.000 110.902
1280.000
32.000 112.425
0.000
98.745
-9.000 106.425
10.000
90.816
Tutorial 6
Page - 1
Tutorial 6
In this tutorial you will learn how to
Obtain profiles of features other than the centreline.
Use a range of Offset values to define the profile.
Use a Point Code to define the profile.
You should start CDS/TRPS, either pick db.ex5 from the Recent Job List, or
use File, Open to open db.ex5 in the folder named \Foresite\tutor
When the job opens you will be given the plan view, but since we do not yet
have coordinates of the points, the plan view will be largely empty. (All the
points have zero values for East and North coordinates, so are clustered in
one corner)
When you entered the data for job EX5, you may or may not have noticed
that there was a level taken 9 metres to the left of the centreline ( an offset of
-9) and at 10 metres to the right of the centreline (an offset of 10) at most, if
not all cross sections.
The reason for this is that it is proposed to erect a fence down each side of
the road at these particular offsets, and the fencing contractor had asked for
a profile showing both fence lines profiled against one another.
You should pull down
the Road menu, and
then select the Natural
Criteria option which
will present a further
list of options
available as seen in the
screen at right.
Select the Profile
Parameters option.
Note, as an alternative, you could have selected the Icon marked with an
R on the icon bar. This R refers to the Reference lines, and a
Page 2
Tutorial 6
reference line is simply defined as a line joining points with the same
attribute on the natural surface.
Either way you select it,
the screen shown at right
will appear.
This screen shows the
default parameters
which the program uses
unless instructed
otherwise, and it
defaults to a Road
Number of 1, with the
reference profile being
defined by an Offset, with a default offset of zero indicating a centreline.
Now it is time to set up the details of what we wish to plot for the fencing
contractor.
First concentrate on Line 1 on the table.
Leave the check box ticked to indicate that we want it to be ON.
Since all the values are on Road 1 you need to leave the Rd No set to 1.
The Layer column is not yet fully operative, so skip over it for the
moment and look instead to the column titled Defined By.
Here you will see the word Offset is displayed, and since we wish to define
the left fence line by an offset value of -9 that is appropriate to our current
needs.
Move the cursor now into the column marked Max, and type in -9 followed
by the Tab key to move out of the field.
Now it is time to specify the right hand fence line, so move the cursor down
to Line 2 and check the box to turn it ON.
Next enter a Road Number of 1, and then skip over the layer column.
Tutorial 6
Page - 3
This time, use the pull down option in the Defined By column and you
will see a list of the different parameters that can be used to define a profile,
as appears in the screen below.
While this current example only uses the standard offset value to define the
profile, sometimes the data you receive is not as well ordered as that
supplied for this example, and you need alternative means of defining the
profile.
The attributes that may be used are as follows;
Offset
- the points you wish to profile are all at a single offset
from the centreline
Offset Range - the points you wish to profile do not all have the same
offset, but they all have an offset which falls into a definable range AND
there are no other points which lie within that range. Here you need to
enter both a Minimum and a Maximum value to define the range.
Point Code - the points all have a unique Point Code
Description - the points all have a unique description.
String Name - (go up on the slider bar) the points are all on a particular
string.
Note that the items at the bottom of the list all prefaced
with DH are used for profiling design heights, and
since TRPS97 does not have a design facility they are
irrelevant if you have TRPS.
Page 4
Tutorial 6
Tutorial 6
Page - 5
Page 6
Tutorial 6
Box 3
Box 2
Box 1 at the
bottom.
Numbers
increase up
Tutorial 6
Page - 7
You will see that the parameters are the same as those we used when we
plotted a profile of the centreline in the previous example, and since they
worked there, they should be more than adequate here as well.
You will however need to alter some of the labels to be placed in the boxes,
so select the Format box and the following screen will appear.
You should fill in the
screen to the values that
appear above, and then
select OK to close the
parameter screens.
Now you are ready for a
plot, but you may need
to use Print Setup to
make sure that you have
your plotter selected
with A1 paper.
Once that is done, you can obtain a Print Preview, which should appear as
shown on the next page, and if it does, you may care to plot it out on the
plotter.
Page 8
Tutorial 6
Tutorial 7
Page - 1
Tutorial 7
In this tutorial you will;
Enter the levels of cross sections at the start or construction.
Enter levels taken after construction has been in progress for one month.
Inspect the sections and profiles at the end of the month.
Calculate and produce a table of Volumes of Cut/Fill.
Page 2
Tutorial 7
Line 1 will normally default to the values you need which are on with a
Road Number of 1, defined By an Offset of Zero, so check and make sure
these are in place..
Tutorial 7
Page - 3
Next move down to Line 2, check the box to turn it on, enter a Road
Number of 2, and an Offset of zero.
You may also wish to select the plot box and assign different pen numbers
to road 1 and 2 respectively to make it easier to differentiate on the screen.
(e.g. use green for Road 1 and red for Road 2)
To check if everything is in order, you should now display the profile by
pulling down the Road menu, selecting the option Display & Plotting,
followed by the Display Profile option.
A screen will appear as seen below.
Providing the screen does resemble the one shown you may proceed. If it
does not, you need to retrace your steps and see where you have done
something different to what is written in this example.
Page 4
Tutorial 7
Tutorial 7
Page - 5
The screen should now appear as below, showing you the profiles and the
two cross sections at chainage zero.
You should use the
Next button in the
cross section window to
move sequentially
through the sections to
ensure that no glaring
errors can be seen.
If you see any major
irregularities in the
sections, it means that
your data entry has gone
astray, and you should
go back to the level sheets and carefully check the values you have entered.
Once the sections look vaguely sensible, it is time to determine the quantity
of material that has been moved.
Page 6
Tutorial 7
You may now use the facilities in WordPad to add in Project names and any
other text which you might consider appropriate.
Tutorial 7
Page - 7
You can also scroll around, or Maximise the window to see the ultimate
value of the volume, and when you are ready you can print it out if you
wish.
Note that at this stage of its career the volume program dumps its result into
a file called fred.wri which is a format which can be read by either
WordPad, or Write from earlier windows versions.
You may then use the File, Save As options in WordPad to save the report
with a suitable name, and in another format such as Word if that is
appropriate.
If you attempt to Save with Worpad, it will tell you it cant save in the
current format, so just agree with it and save the document with the name
you decide in the format it suggests.
Note also that since this report is columnar in nature, you need to use
Courier, Courier New, or some other equally spaced font.
If you try and use one of the other fonts, which is not equally spaced, you
will end up with wavy columns.
Page 8
Tutorial 7
this page is
intentionally
Blank.
Page - 1
Levels at January 30
Chainage
0.000
Offset
0.000
R.L
175.700
0.000
20.000
0.000
Chainage
Offset
R.L
200.000
-19.400
184.504
178.524
200.000
-20.000
184.444
-20.000
173.755
240.000
0.000
185.917
50.000
0.000
180.828
240.000
16.200
189.547
50.000
2.400
181.277
240.000
20.000
190.046
50.000
3.400
181.477
240.000
-4.500
184.901
50.000
7.300
181.500
240.000
-20.000
182.723
50.000
20.000
181.834
260.000
0.000
183.571
50.000
-20.000
177.028
260.000
5.600
184.756
100.000
0.000
187.102
260.000
20.000
186.332
100.000
7.400
188.911
260.000
-12.000
181.995
100.000
10.000
189.630
260.000
-20.000
180.986
100.000
11.500
189.838
280.000
0.000
181.318
100.000
20.000
190.801
280.000
20.000
183.006
100.000
-20.000
182.209
280.000
-4.200
180.961
140.000
0.000
191.766
280.000
-11.200
180.151
140.000
22.000
194.560
280.000
-20.000
179.166
140.000
-9.200
189.421
300.000
0.000
182.117
140.000
-20.000
186.337
300.000
20.000
184.462
160.000
0.000
192.120
300.000
-7.000
181.298
160.000
1.100
192.349
300.000
-20.000
179.855
160.000
3.500
192.823
160.000
23.500
196.000
160.000
-20.000
187.810
200.000
0.000
188.594
200.000
14.300
192.413
200.000
20.000
193.517
200.000
-4.100
187.504
200.000
-4.300
187.462
Page 2
Levels at February 28
Chainage
0.000
Offset
0.000
R.L
179.500
Chainage
Offset
R.L
200.000
-8.300
186.687
0.000
5.000
179.350
240.000
0.000
184.686
0.000
10.400
177.174
240.000
5.000
184.536
0.000
-5.000
179.350
240.000
10.700
188.313
0.000
-18.700
173.885
240.000
-5.000
184.536
50.000
0.000
181.194
240.000
-5.400
184.782
50.000
5.000
181.044
260.000
0.000
184.581
50.000
5.700
181.500
260.000
5.000
184.431
50.000
-5.000
181.044
260.000
5.500
184.731
50.000
-10.600
178.928
260.000
-5.000
184.431
100.000
0.000
182.843
260.000
-10.700
182.167
100.000
5.000
182.963
280.000
0.000
184.384
100.000
16.600
190.416
280.000
5.000
184.234
100.000
-5.000
181.044
280.000
10.100
182.175
100.000
-8.500
185.023
280.000
-5.000
184.234
140.000
0.000
183.830
280.000
-16.800
179.531
140.000
5.000
183.680
300.000
0.000
184.141
140.000
21.100
194.446
300.000
5.000
183.991
140.000
-5.000
183.680
300.000
7.500
182.996
140.000
-12.300
188.539
300.000
-5.000
182.991
160.000
0.000
184.185
300.000
-13.600
180.570
160.000
5.000
184.035
160.000
22.800
195.934
160.000
-5.000
184.035
160.000
-12.900
189.321
200.000
0.000
184.620
200.000
5.000
184.470
200.000
18.000
193.126
200.000
-5.000
184.470
Tutorial 8
Page - 1
Tutorial 8
In this tutorial you will learn how to:
calculate the volume between two surfaces.
examine the model where discrepancies arise
select triangles, and swap triangle sides
Your client has come to you and informed you that he will soon be having
road construction materials delivered to his storage compound, and that he
will need you to calculate the volume of material available from time to
time.
You have sent the field party out immediately, and they have picked up the
area where the gravel will be stored, and this data is in job BSE supplied in
the Foresite\tutor folder.
Once the gravel has been dumped, the field party returned to the compound
and carried out a detail survey of the gravel heap. This information has been
supplied in job TOP in the Foresite\tutor folder.
Start CDS/TRPS and use File Open ( or the Open Icon) to open Job db.bse
in the Foresite\tutor folder.
Next, use the Open command again to open db.top, also in the
Foresite\tutor folder.
The screen should appear as below left.
Now pull down the Window Menu, and select the Tile Vertical option.
Your screen should now appear as seen below right.
Page 2
Tutorial 8
Job top will be active, so pull down the Contour menu and select the
Surface Parameters option.
Change the major interval to 2.0 and the Minor interval to 0.5, then click
OK to close the parameter screen.
Now pull down the Contour menu again, and select Form Model.
The triangle will quickly form over the surface.
Once the triangles have been formed, pull down the Contour menu again,
and select Calculate Contours.
When the contours have been drawn you should elect to save them.
The screen should now appear as seen below.
Now you need to make
job bse active.
Position the cursor
inside the window
containing job bse and
press the left-hand
button on your mouse.
You will see the bar at
the top of the window
becomes coloured while
the corresponding bar in
the left-hand window is
greyed out.
Pull down the Contour menu and select the Surface Parameters option.
This job represents a reasonably flat base area, so if you are to see any
contours at all you should change the major interval to 1.0 and the Minor
interval to 0.2, then click OK to close the parameter screen.
Now pull down the Contour menu again, and select Form Model.
The triangles will quickly form over the surface.Once the triangles have
been formed, pull down the Contour menu again, and select Calculate
Contours.
Tutorial 8
Page - 3
When the contours have been drawn you should elect to save them.
The screen will now appear as seen below.
Page 4
Tutorial 8
Once you select the Surface to Surface option, a screen similar to that below
will now appear.
Here you need to specify the Job, and the Surface within that job to be used
both as the base, and as the overlaid surface.
Note that with regard to the Surface while it is
possible to have a variety of different surfaces within
the one job, at this stage of your learning curve we
intend to concentrate on teaching you the processes
required, and so we will restrict the examples to using
a single surface in each job, so you need not be
concerned with this field.
In a later tutorial, once we have made you familiar with
the different process required, we will introduce you to
the concept of specifying different surfaces within a
job.
If you look at the screen in front of you, you will see that the base job is
already specified as db.bse so no change is required.
However the overlay job is also shown as bse and you will need to change
that to be job top to obtain a meaningful answer.
Select the Change button, and then select db.top from the Foresite\tutor
folder and select the Open button (or double click db.top).
Tutorial 8
Page - 5
At this stage we are not interested in Isopachs, and we want the volume
results displayed on the screen and saved to a file called Pile1.txt.
Check the File check box, and position your cursor in the File field and
enter c:\foresite\tutor\pile1.txt as the name of the file.
Once this has been
completed, select the
OK option and the
results will soon
appear as seen at right,
where the results
appear in Wordpad
showing an amount of
some 11,940 cubic
metres of material.
You might think you
can just print this out,
hand it to the client and collect your fee, however, before you do that it is
important that you look carefully at the results presented, and think about
what is being presented.
You will notice that the answer suggests that there is an amount of Cut of
almost 25 cubic meters in addition to the Fill volume presented.
Some people might be inclined to subtract that Cut amount from the Fill
amount to achieve a nett result.
This debit and credit scenario may be adequate accounting practice, but it is
appalling surveying practice, and it would be totally wrong in this case.
We know for a fact that the gravel was simply dumped on top of the base
surface, and that the base surface had not been disturbed before the dumping
took place.
In that case, quite simply there should not be any cut involved in the job,
so we need to look back at the surfaces , or more particularly the Top
surface, to see what has happened during our modelling process.
Page 6
Tutorial 8
You should make sure you are logged on to job Top, and then set your
surface parameters to give a minor contour interval of 0.1 with a major
interval of 1.00.
Calculate Contours with
these values, and then
zoom in on the bottom
section of the job, as
seen in the screen at
right.
You should notice a
slightly funny contour
occurring on the bottom
right of the stockpile
(and also on the bottom
left if you look closely).
There is sufficient deviation from a well formed stockpile here to warrant a
closer look, so use the F8 key to turn the triangles on, and you will see that
the triangle sides in this area do not run from the crown of the heap down to
the base as you would expect.
If you now use F7 key to
turn the contours off,
you will see from the
screen at right that there
are at least three
triangles in the bottom
right corner which do
not represent material
falling from the crown
of the stockpile down to
the edge.
Likewise, in the bottom
left hand corner you have a similar situation. (and the same thing occurs in
the Top Left hand corner of the surface as well.)
Now, before you become excited and accuse the program of getting things
wrong, remember that it has never seen the job, so the answer it has
Tutorial 8
Page - 7
Page 8
Tutorial 8
And, before you panic about having work with an error in it, I strongly
suggest that you reflect for a moment on the nature of the process and ask
yourself whether it is ever practical in a field situation, to obtain an
absolute volume.
If you wish to strive for perfection, (and on this set of data it is probably
valid to do a little more fiddling around the edges) then I suggest you have a
close look along the edges of the stockpile. Look particularly around point
1007, 1008 and 1009, and swap triangle sides around where necessary, and
delete some extraneous triangle if you think it is warranted.
The point of this exercise is that the computer is merely a tool - it is NOT an
intelligent being, and it cannot analyse the answers for you.
You MUST NOT accept any answers which the computer gives you,
particularly in the area of volumes, without THINKING about the answers,
and their application to the real world you work in. It is your responsibility
to interpret the answers provided, and apply them to the data used.
Tutorial 9
Page -1
Tutorial 9
In this tutorial you will learn how to ;
Use Volumes, To A Plane to calculate a stockpile volume.
Use different surfaces within the one job.
Calculate volumes between different surfaces in the one job.
You will find a job named db.sse has been supplied in the Foresite\tutor
folder.
Start CDS/TRPS, and use the File, Open command to open Job db.sse
The screen should appear as seen below.
As you can see from the screen there are four, or maybe five different
stockpiles within the one holding area, and in this tutorial you will learn how
to calculate the volume of material in each pile.
To start with, we will concentrate on the largest stockpile that is in the top
left of the screen.
To see the data more clearly, you should use Zoom, by either pressing Z, or
by selecting the Zoom Icon, and you should select a window similar to that
seen in the screen below left to get a screen similar to that below right.
Page 2
Tutorial 9
There is not a lot which you can determine from the point numbers, however
the field party has coded all of the points, so you should turn the codes on to
see if they provide any guide to what we have.
Select the Layers icon, and set it to display the code, and the following
screen will appear.
You can now see that the field party has coded all the shots on the edge of
the first pile with a code of ES1, and the actual material in the pile is
coded RD to indicate it is general road material.
Before we can calculate how much material is in the pile, we must first
determine the base on which it is sitting.
In Tutorial 7, you had the luxury of being able to actually do a survey of the
base before the material was dumped, but this has not occurred in this
situation. So, the only thing we can do here is to assume that there is a base
Tutorial 9
Page -3
surface that is made up of all the points that are on the edge of the stockpile
i.e. the points coded ES1
Pull down the Contour menu and select Surface Parameters.
If you now select the tab which is titled Surface Point Selection the screen
will appear as seen below.
You will see that there
are three distinct areas
which will allow you to
determine the points to
be used by the Point
Number, their Code, or
their Layer.
In this case layers were
not used, and the point
numbers are scattered,
but the codes will allow
us to select efficiently.
Select the existing code range with your cursor, and then select the Edit
button.
A box will pop up to with fields for the Minimum and Maximum codes you
wish to use.
In this case you should enter ES1 in both fields and then select OK.
Now select OK to close down the Surface Point Selection window and
return to the main screen.
Now pull down the Contour menu and select Form Model.
The screen should appear as below, and you will see that the triangles have
been formed across the base of the stockpile, which is what we intended.
Page 4
Tutorial 9
We now wish to
determine the volume
between this surface and
an arbitrary datum plane
below it, so pull down
the Contour menu, select
the Volume option, and
select the option To a
Plane.
The screen shown below
left will appear, and you
should fill in a value of
the plane of 350, then
click OK, and the results will be displayed in Wordpad, as seen in the screen
below right.
You should make a note of the area of 4625.812 square metres, and the
volume of 40436.019 cubic metres, or you may print it out if you wish.
Now you need to model the whole of the pile, and determine the volume
above the same plane, so pull down the Contour menu, and select Surface
Parameters, then select the Surface Point Selection Tab as before.
Now select the code range, and then click on the Add button.
When the pop up box appears, enter the Code RD in both fields and press
OK.
Your screen should appear as seen below, indicating the surface you want is
the one that has points with Code ES1 and points with Code RD.
Close the Surface Point Selection screen by selecting OK.
Tutorial 9
Page -5
Now pull down the Contour menu and select Form Model.
The screen should appear as below, and this time you can see that the model
includes all of the points in the first stockpile.
Page 6
Tutorial 9
Tutorial 9
Page -7
The first thing you should do is check the figure presented for Total Area. If
it is not the same as the value you calculated when you did the base surface,
something has gone wrong, and you are not projecting the same areas onto
the plane.
In this case, the areas agree, so the volume of 52171.391 can be used.
If you now subtract the volume of the base, of 40436.019 from this figure
you will get the amount of material that is in the pile.
Be careful when presenting these figures to a client, and dont get carried
away and specify a volume such as this to three decimal places, because it is
simply not physically possible to locate the pile to that sort of accuracy in
the field.
So, in this instance a value of 11,735 cubic metres is more than accurate
enough, and it is probably arguable that it is gilding the lily a little to specify
down to the last 5 cubic meters over an area of this size.
And yes I know that your client will argue that you
need to report every cubic spoonful to minimise the
amount payable if the principal briefs you, or to
maximise it if you work for the contractor. You need to
carefully consider your own professional integrity, and
be wary of being drawn into wasteful arguments over
trivial differences in volumes which are simply not
measurable under normal field conditions.
When an argument arises over quantities, it is
recommended that first you take a simple reality
check to see how accurately they were, or could have
been measured in the first place. If the amount being
argued over falls within the normal error ellipse for
work of this kind you might consider whether you
should advise the warring parties to split the difference
and get on with something constructive.
If you now examine your data, you will see the pile at the bottom of the area
has the edge points coded as ES2 and the material itself coded as 20mm
indicating 20 millimetre screened blue metal, and if you wish you can
substitute these values in the procedure above and obtain a volume, but we
will do it by an alternative means.
Page 8
Tutorial 9
Tutorial 9
Page -9
Press OK, and this will save away Surface 2 as the base of the second
stockpile.
Check that Surface 2 is selected on the Surface Parameters screen, and when
it is, close the screen.
Now zoom extents so you can see the whole job, and Zoom a window
around the stockpile at the bottom of the screen.
Now pull down the Contour menu and select Form Model, and your screen
should appear similar to
that below.
Now it is time to set up
the whole of the
stockpile as Surface 3,
so pull down the
Contour Menu and
select Surface
parameters.
Choose the Add button ,
select Natural and click
OK to save away
Surface 3.
Now select Surface Point Selection, and select Surface 3 on that screen.
Click on the existing code range, and use Add to add another range of codes
with a value of 20MM.
Your codes for Surface 3 should now have one line specifying a code of
ES2 and a second line specifying a code of 20MM.
Close the screen, and ensure that Surface 3 is current on the Surface
parameters screen. Close that screen, and then use Form Model, followed by
Calculate Contours, and save the contours away.
Page 10
Tutorial 9
Tutorial 9
Page -11
Page 12
Tutorial 9
If you do, and you then calculate the volumes between Surface 4 and
Surface 5, you should come up with an answer of around 126 cubic metres.
Note that once you have modelled and contoured the various surfaces, you
can get them back on the screen simply by selecting the surface you wish to
see on the Surface Parameters screen.
There is no need to re-model or re-contour.
Tutorial 10
Page - 1
Tutorial 10
In this tutorial you will learn how to
In this tutorial we are going to do some more work on the data we used in
Tutorial 4, so after you start up CDS/TRPS you should Open Job "BDY" in
the Foresite\tutor folder, and then Maximise the window showing Job BDY.
At this stage you should see a screen like the one below.
Your client is a city
solicitor who has
bought this property
with a view to building
a country retreat, and
she wishes to establish
a site for a home in the
general area of Point
139 .
You need to determine
a suitable access road
to this area from the
Main Road which runs
from Point 203 up to Point 239.
For your first task, you need to get some idea of the profile along the
frontage to the main road so you can determine a likely driveway.
Since you only need a general picture to start with, you can achieve this
easily by interpolating a simple profile
Page 2
Tutorial 10
Simple Profile.
You should pull down the Contour menu and highlight Interpolate, and you
will be presented with a list of options as seen in the screen below.
If you select the option
titled Simple Profile,
you will see that the
Status bar prompts you
to "Use mouse to click
in two points for the
profile"
All that is required for
a simple profile is the
two end points, so you
should position your
cursor near Point 203
and press the left
mouse button. Now move your cursor up and place it over Point 239, and
again press the left mouse button.
You will have noticed that a line was drawn showing where the profile
would be taken as you moved the cursor, and once you selected the second
end point, the profile is calculated instantly and displayed as seen in the
screen at right.
You can see the general
lie of the land from the
profile shown in the
graphic window, and
you can also look at the
values shown in the
window below.
Here you see that if you
wish to provide the
client with an access
with the best possible
view of traffic on the
main road you should start the access at the high point which is around point
241.
Tutorial 10
Page - 3
(And yes I know you might have worked that out from looking at the heights
of the points, but you wouldn't have learnt what a simple profile does if you
just did that).
If you wish, in your own jobs, you may store away these interpolated points
by assigning a Road Number, and a layer and code if applicable, and then
pressing the OK+Save button.
Here we have no need of saving the information, so press cancel and move
on.
Multi Profile.
Now your client has told you that the local fire authority require her to
provide a firebreak along the boundaries of her block, and she thinks that
she may be able to use her access road as a firebreak.
To achieve this she would like to see the feasibility of a road parallel to the
southern boundary.
As a first look at the possibility of this scenario, you should look at a profile
starting near Point 241, running across to the boundary near Point 229, and
then following around roughly parallel to the boundary until you get around
near the proposed house site near Point 139.
You should pull down the Contour Menu, highlight the Interpolate option
and select Multi Profile.
You will see the status bar tells you to "Use mouse to click in points for
profile, Press Enter to finish".
What this means in more common English is that you should sketch where
you want the profile taken by moving your cursor around the screen and
clicking in a point wherever you want the profile to change direction.
Then, when you have completed your sketch, you press the Enter key on
the keyboard to indicate to the program that no more points will be supplied.
Note that a Multi Profile is made up of straight lines only, and if you need
curves to define your profile you should calculate the required alignment
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Tutorial 10
points, add them to a string and use the String Profile option.
So, following this cryptic instruction, put your cursor over Point 241 and
press the left mouse button.
Now move the cursor
across to near Point
229 and again press
the left button. You
will see the line drawn
to show where the
profile will be taken.
Now, you can simply
"click in points" to
keep the profile line
roughly parallel to the
boundary as seen in
the screen at right.
Remember, the principle application of this option is for a quick preliminary
profile, so we are not interested in millimetre accuracy at this stage.
Once you have 'sketched' the position of the profile and positioned the
cursor over Point 139 you should press the Enter key to terminate the multi
profile.
The program will now
calculate the
interpolated points for
you, and display them
as seen in the screen at
right.
If you examine the
graphic representation
of the profile, you will
see that apart from a
creek crossing near the main road, there doesn't appear to be any major
impediment to taking an access road around this route.
While no grades are shown at this stage, you can if you wish scroll down
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Page - 5
through the values shown in the table, and do quick mental 'sums' from the
chainages and heights shown and you will find that there are no particularly
large grades to be found.
If you wished, you could store away this profile by assigning it a Road
Number and a Start Point ( and possibly a layer and point code ) and then
plot it out, however, since it is only a first look we will not save it in this
exercise.
Now that we have established that there is no major impediment to a road
along this southern boundary, we should try and establish a proposed route
for the road a little more precisely than simply sketching as we have done.
Your client has advised that she would like to have the road "about 20
metres off the fence", so we have determined some bearings and distances
for you to use to calculate the position of the centre of the road. We hope
that in this location the road will also satisfy the firebreak requirements.
Use the Cogo option Bearing and Distance which you learnt how to use in
Tutorial 1B to calculate the following points
From Point
To Point
Bearing
Distance
230
300
325
20
231
301
305
20
128
302
335
20
130
303
350
20
133
304
10
20
136
305
10
20
Once your points have all been calculated, you need to create a string to
define the preliminary centreline of the road.
Pull down the Strings Menu and select the option titled Add. When the Add
Strings Dialogue box appears, type in a folder name of 'road' and a string
ID of 'cl'
You can either point to the points with the cursor, or type in a string
definition which will be 241, 300.305,139.
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Tutorial 10
String Profile
Pull down the Contour menu and highlight the Interpolate option, and this
time select the option tilted String Profile.
The screen will
appear as seen at
right.
You should pull
down the Folder
button and select the
Road folder.
Then Pull down the
ID field, and select
the string called cl.
Now set a Road number of 1
At this point in time, select the button at the bottom of the screen titled
Refresh Table, and you will see the table now appears as seen below.
Tutorial 10
Page - 7
Profiles and
Sections.
If you pull down the Contour menu, highlight Interpolate, and select Profiles
and sections, you will find a screen appears which is remarkably similar to
the one you saw when you selected String Profile.
In fact, it is exactly the same screen, with the principal difference being that
the program automatically fills in a default value of 25 for the fields titled
Go Left and Go Right when you indicate you need sections. (this will give
you sections which are 50 metres wide)
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Tutorial 10
You should again pull down the Folder field and select the Road folder and
then pull down the ID field and select cl, or you can point to the string if
you wish. Remember too to set your Road Number to 1
You can fill in a layer name to suit your purposes, and here we have used a
layer name of interp to distinguish these interpolated points from the
others in the database.
Once you select the Refresh Table button, you will see that the screen
appears as seen below.
Note that if you wish
to have different width
sections interpolated,
you can simply change
the values for Go Left
and Go Right.
The sections do not
need to be
symmetrical, so you
might wish to have
sections which extend
15 metres on the left
and 10 metres on the right.
You may also specify
a different interval to
interpolate sections at
if you wish by
changing the value in
the Fields titled Xs on
St & Xs on Crv
When you select
Show, the sections will
be calculated, and the
screen will appear as
at right.
This time you will see that a cross section is displayed, as well as the profile,
and you can use the Next & Previous buttons to move backwards and
Tutorial 10
Page - 9
forwards through the cross sections to inspect what has been interpolated.
Once you are satisfied that the sections are all vaguely satisfactory, you
should press the OK+Save key, and the Points will be stored in the database.
If you then Cancel the table screen to return to the job, you will see the
points have been stored in the database as seen in the screen below.
Note that all these
interpolated points will
be stored on a layer by
themselves (called
interp or whatever
name you chose to
use) and you can use
the Layer control to
determine how of if
they are displayed.
If you wish, you can
now pull down the
Road menu and proceed to plot out details of Road 1 using the techniques
that you learnt in Tutorial 5.
Just to show you what
will appear, if you
look at the screen at
right, you will see
what appears when the
Road routine
commences.
Here it is showing you
the plan view of all the
points that you have on
road 1.
Refer to Tutorial 5 to reinforce how you apply the techniques you learnt
there to display the profile and section tiled together, and how to achieve a
plot of both profile and sections.
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Tutorial 10
Except for
these words
this page
is meant
to be
blank
Tutorial 11
Page - 1
Tutorial 11
The purpose of this tutorial is to teach you how to
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Page - 3
You will also note that a line is drawn from the bottom left hand corner of
the screen to the point to help you identify its location.
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Tutorial 11
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If you Press Z for zoom,
followed by E for
Extents, you will now
see points appear within
the roadworks window
as seen at left.
This means we have the
makings of a road as all
the points now have
some chainages and
offsets.
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Tutorial 11
Close down the cross section window since it is no use at the moment, and
we will find out where the sections are.
If you use the ? key to Query the points in the database, and then use the
Next button to move through some of the points while concentrating on the
Chainage field, you will see that no two chainages are the same.
While you will see values of 0.000, and 0.006 and -0.032 and 0.057 and the
like, you will see that these values do not, as they stand, make of a cross
section of chainage 0.000, because computers live in an artificial world
where things are meant to be perfect.
However, we carry out surveys in the real world, where we intended all
those values to appear on the cross section at 0.000, and the fact that the
pole was a few centimetres off perfect square is well within the acceptable
tolerances of this type of work.
Since it is not possible, nor required, to locate the points on the cross section
to millimetre accuracy, we now need to run another routine which tells the
program what allowance we are prepared to make for the natural wanderings
of the chainman as she walks across the section
We do this by applying a Chainage Filter (Snap in previous versions).
If you pull down the Road menu, highlight Natural Criteria, and Select
Chainage Filter, as screen will appear as seen below.
Chainage Filter
In this case we have a
road which starts at
chainage 0, and runs for
over 300 metres.
The surveyor has picked
up sections every 20
metres.
So, fill in the table with
start chainage of 0, and
end chainage of 400,
and an interval of 20
Tutorial 11
Page - 7
You should now have your cursor in the column headed Bandwidth.
The bandwidth is simply the distance from the exact chainage which you are
prepared to allow as an acceptable amount, taking into consideration the
field conditions.
In this case, we feel that the chainman should have been able to keep himself
within 1 metre of square off, so enter 1.00 for a bandwidth.
Now select the Snap button, and the calculation will take place and return
you to the road window.
Now pull down the Road menu again, highlight Display and Plotting and
select Display Sections.
This time the section screen will appear with a display of the cross section at
Chainage 0.00 as seen below.
As you can see, the
section is now at
Chainage 0.00 and it
appears as a full
section which is what
we required.
Press the Next button
to display Ch 20, and
again for 40, then
again for 60, and once
more for 80.
Except, instead of 80, you will get a strange little display at Chainage
71.002.
What we have here is a situation where the surveyor has picked up detail
information between cross sections. In this case, he has found the outlet of a
pipe at this location, and collected a ground level, then top and invert of
pipe
Once there are two or more points with the same chainage, the program is
happy to consider that they might be a valid section and display them for
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Tutorial 11
you. What is displayed will also be plotted when you come to plot out the
sections, and this is not what we want.
If you take the trouble to continue reviewing the data, you will find there are
more of these types of thing at 108.46 and 328.43 to name a couple.
What we need to do is to arrange for these items which are needed for detail
information, and on the plan view, do not appear on our cross sections of
Road 1.
To achieve this we will use the Editing facilities contained in the main
CDS/TRPS window.
If you look on your Task Bar that is the bottom bar on the screen you will
see adjacent to the start button there are entries for FW, and for Foresight
Road.
Select the FW bar, and you will be returned to the main CDS/TRPS graphic
screen.
Pull down the Points menu, highlight Select, and choose Select by Range.
A screen will appear
as seen at right
You need to select the
Check Box for
chainage, and in the
field type in
71~72,108~109,328~3
29 to indicate you
wish to select all
points in the range of
chainages which we no
longer wish to appear
on Road 1.
Press OK and you will see some points change colour to indicate they are
selected.
Now pull down Points again, and Select Alter.
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Page - 9
A screen will appear as below, and all you need to do is to add an amount to
Road number so that the selected points are no longer on Road 1.
While you could choose any number, it is good practice to get into the habit
of using one particular Road Number for the storage of points that you do
not wish to appear on the profiles and sections.
You may wish to choose a road number of 99, in which case you would Add
a constant of 98, or if you feel that a road number of 88 might bring good
fortune, add a constant of 87.
Once you select OK, the road number of the offending points will be altered
so that they will no longer interfere with your plotting of sections.
You should now select the Task Bar entry for Foresight Roadworks to return
to the Road Window.
You can now use the techniques from Tutorial 5 to set up plot parameters,
and plot out a profile and sections if you wish.
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Tutorial 11
Except for
these words
this page
is meant
to be
blank
Tutorial 12
Page - 1
Tutorial 12
In this exercise you will learn how to
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Tutorial 12
You should Start CDS/TRPS and Open Job EX5 in the Foresite\tutor folder.
Close the Job that was previously open, and Maximise the screen.
Do not be alarmed if the screen is blank, because if you remember from
Tutorial 5, we had no coordinates, and without coordinates, the program has
nothing to display on this screen.
Now the first thing to do is to enter the given coordinates of Point 1, which
is the centreline point on our first section.
Add a Known
Coordinate
Use the ? key to bring
up the Add/Edit/Query
window, and Point 1 will
be displayed as seen in the
screen at right.
If you look at its Chainage
and Offset you should
confirm that it has a
chainage of 840 and an
Tutorial 12
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Page - 5
Next you need to pull down Cogo, and select Bearing and Distance again.
From point is 49.
Position the cursor in the bearing field.
You are not shown expressly what the bearing you need is, but you have
sufficient information to arrive at it as follows.
The bearing you need is at right angles to the line between Points 501 and
49.
Press the P key, click on point 501, followed by 49, and you will see the
bearing between those two points appear. Press the R key and you will see
the bearing alter by 90 to 76 12 42.
Note, if you are not pointing to the points, you can type in 501,49 and then
press the Tab or Enter key to get the original bearing. Then move the cursor
back up into the Bearing field and press R.
The Distance is 80 and the new Point number is 61, and when you apply,
you can again recalculate.
Next position your cursor in the bearing field, and this time press the L
key to take 90 from the bearing shown.
Enter a Distance of 250 and a Point Number of 502 and apply.
Next close bearing and
distance, pull down
Cogo and highlight
Curves and select
Arc/Chord.
The centre point is 502,
the start point is 61, and
you must make sure that
the Counter Clockwise
button is selected. The
Arc length is 160 and
the new point is 85
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Tutorial 12
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Page - 7
You are now finished with the Road window, so close it down, and the
screen will appear as shown on the right above. (If as sometimes happens, it
doesnt appear exactly like it is supposed to, dont panic - simply do a Zoom
Extents and all should be well.
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Tutorial 12
Tutorial 13
Page 1
Tutorial 13
NOTE: This Tutorial covers Design Functions that are not included in the
TRPS package. It is designed only for those of you who are using the CDS
package.
In this Tutorial you will learn
To locate a Design Platform horizontally within a model.
To set the platform at a desired design height.
To apply batter slopes from the edge of the platform to the model.
To calculate the volume on material to be moved to construct the
platform.
To adjust the design height of the platform to balance the earthworks.
Base data has been supplied in a Job with an ID of "PAD"
Start CDS and use File Open to open db.pad located in the Foresite\tutor
folder
The screen should appear as
seen below.
Pull down the Contour
menu, and use Surface
Parameters to make sure the
Natural Surface is current.
Next form the model and
contour the surface which
should appear
as below.
The client requires us to
position a level pad with
dimensions 180 metres by
100 metres to use for
standing a dragline, and the
earthworks should be close
to balanced with a small
excess of cut being
preferable.
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Tutorial 13
In this instance we have examined an existing contour plan of the site, and in
the time honoured method of design we have pencilled in a rough area
where we would like to place a pad, and scaled off one of the corners.
The bottom left hand corner of the pad should have coordinates of East
8690 and North 7540 and the long side of the pad is on a bearing of 330
degrees.
As a preliminary estimate, we think that a finished level of the pad of 225
might be somewhere near the mark.
How you arrive at the horizontal location of your pad is largely irrelevant,
and beyond the scope of these tutorials to deal with ... all that is important is
that you locate it somewhere.
Our first task is to calculate the points on the corners of our proposed pad,
and give them our trial RL of 225.
Use the Modes Icon (or F9) to pull down the Modes Screen.
Now select the Tab titled
Modes-Input, and the
screen at right should
appear.
Move the cursor down to
the line "Prompt for
Design Height", and select
the radio button titled
Constant. Now enter a
constant value of 225.
Now press OK to return to
the CDS screen,
Pull down the Points menu and select Add Points - you will notice that your
cursor changes to a cross.
Position it somewhere on the model and select a point.
When the Add/Edit/Query box appears, enter a Point Number of 500, and
Easting of 8690, Northing of 7540 and a Design Height of 225.
Tutorial 13
Page 3
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Tutorial 13
Move the cursor into the string entry field, and either type in the string
500,501,502,503,500, or use your mouse to select the points.
At the end of the process
your screen should be
similar to the one shown
adjacent.
Once you have finished
adding in the string to
define the pad, pull down
the Contour Menu, Select
the option titled Design
Surfaces, and then the
option titled Create
Design Platforms.
The screen will appear as below.
The first field is Next
Point, and here I suggest
you use point number 600.
It is always a good idea to
put different groups of
points in readily
identifiable number ranges
for future reference, it
makes it easy to select
these pad points if you
know that all the design
points are numbered
between 600 and 700 for example.
The next field is Distance between Points, and I suggest a value of 10 is
suitable.
If you leave this distance at 0, the program will only calculate points
opposite each of the corners, and you will learn to vary this distance
depending on the shape of the pad and the nature of the underlying surface.
Tutorial 13
Page 5
Next fill in both Cut and Fill batters with 1:2 to indicate that you want a 1
in 2 or 2 to 1 or 50% batter slope to be applied.
Once you select OK, the calculation will take place and the screen will be
redrawn showing the newly calculated points, and the string or strings
defining the toes or tops of the batters.
Now pull down the
Contour menu, and
select Surface
parameters.
Select the button
on the right hand
side titled Add, and
the screen will
appear as below.
Select the radio
button titled
Design to indicate
that it is a design surface which we wish to add and then select OK.
Now select the Reset
button towards the
bottom right of the
Surface parameters
screen to tell the
program to scan the
database and find all
the Design points in
the current job.
You should note that
the Minimum RL
displays 216 and the
Maximum RL displays 232.
Unfortunately it seems that the minimum and maximum contour values
dont always pay attention to the Reset button at this stage of their career, so
make sure these value are set to below 216 and above 233 to ensure you get
a full complement of contours.
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Tutorial 13
Note that one you use the reset button, particularly with a design surface,
there is no need to use the Surface Point Selection screen since all the design
points are selected automatically.
Select OK on the parameters screen to save the changes.
Now pull down the Contour Menu and Form the Model.
Next Calculate the
Contours and if you let
them save, you should end
up with a display as
shown at right.
If you do not have
contours resembling those
in the screen then you
need to go back and retrace your steps until you
do.
Once the Design contours are satisfactory, you need to determine a
volume of earth to be moved to construct this pad.
Pull down the Contour Menu, select Volumes, and the select Surface to
Surface.
The Base Surface is
Surface 1 which is the
natural Surface, and you
will need to change the
Overlay surface to be
Surface 2 which is your
design surface at the
moment.
The screen should appear
as seen at right.
Tutorial 13
Page 7
Once you have the surfaces correctly assigned, press the OK button, and you
will soon see the answer appear in Wordpad which reveals some 50,000
metres of fill and 13,000 metres of cut.
It is obvious that we have far too much fill in this instance, so we need
to drop the proposed level of the pad.
The first thing you need to do is to delete the points that were calculated for
the first attempt at the pad since they are no longer useful.
So, pull down the Points menu and pick the Select option. Then choose
Select by Range.
The following screen will
appear, and the easiest
way to achieve the range
you need is to select the
All button on the Point
Number line, then alter the
start of the range to be
600.
Whichever way you elect
to so it, you need to have
the screen exactly as seen
at right before you select OK.
You will see all the selected points appear in dark numbers.
Pull down the Points menu again, and this time select the Delete option.
All the selected points will now be deleted from the screen.
Note that there is no longer a question asking if you are sure, because we
have built in an OOPS function which will allow you to recover deleted
points but only if you do it before you exit from the job.
You should also note that even though the design points are gone from the
job, the design contours will still be displayed until you form them again.
Now, in an attempt to balance the cut and fills for this job we have already
established that we need to drop the pad, and using the time honoured
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Tutorial 13
method of educated guesswork, I suggest that you drop it by 1.5 metres and
see what eventuates.
To achieve this, again pull down the Points menu, and Select by Range.
This time the range you require is 500~503.
Once these points are selected, again pull down Points menu, and choose
Alter.
When the screen appears, enter a value of -1.5 in the Design Height Field
and select OK.
Now, before you go back to create the design platform, you should know
that it will only work if you are currently logged onto the natural surface you
wish to work with.
So, pull down Contour, choose Surface Parameters, and make sure that
Surface 1 is current by pulling down the arrow and selecting it.
And, before you ask, no, the computer cant do it automatically, because we
have now given you the ability to have multiple surfaces in a given job, and
there is no way of the program knowing which one you wish to work with.
Once you have set the surface correctly, pull down the Contour menu,
choose Design Surfaces, and pick Create Design Platforms again.
Again use a Next Point of 600, Distance of 10 and batters of 1:2.
Once the points are calculated and stored, pull down Contour, select Surface
Parameters and make Surface 2 current.
Now Form the Model and calculate and save the contours..
Once that is done, it is time to again calculate a volume and see how close to
balance we have come.
Pull down Contour, choose Volumes and Surface to Surface, and make sure
that the Overlay Surface is set to Surface 2.
The answer you get should be as seen in the screen below, which for the
purposes of the exercise is close enough.
Tutorial 13
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Tutorial 13
Note we have only used one platform in this example, but you can define
more than one in the pad folder if you wish.
Tutorial 14
Page 1
Tutorial 14
NOTE: This Tutorial covers Design Functions that are not included in the
TRPS package. It is designed only for those of you who are using the CDS
package.
In this exercise you will
Start CDS, and use File, Open, to access Job DAM which will be in the
folder Foresite\tutor, and Maximise it.
Now Pull down Contour, and Form the Model and then Calculate Contours
and Save them to see a screen as shown at right.
Some preliminary
investigation has been
done.
The design coordinates
of the end points of the
proposed wall have
been decided on, and
are listed below.
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Tutorial 14
Now position your cursor somewhere within the surface and press the left
mouse button.
The Add/Edit/Query screen will appear and you need to decide what Point
Number to add in.
It is a good practice to
start new ranges of
points on even
hundred or thousand
values, and in this case
we will assign points
for the wall from Point
600.
Enter in Point 600 and
then the relevant
coordinates for the
west end point.
Now repeat the process to add Point 601 on the East end of the wall.
Now pull down the Points Menu again, and turn Off the add points option
by again selecting it.
Once both points are in, we need to create a String showing the centreline of
the proposed wall.
Pull down the Strings
Menu and select Add.
Now drag your dialogue
box over to the right hand
side of the screen so it is
clear of the data.
The default Folder of
lots will be adequate, so
enter an ID of dam1.
Tutorial 14
Page 3
Dont worry about Pen or Linetype at this stage, and simply add in the string
600,601 for the proposed centreline, as seen above.
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Tutorial 14
Providing the screen does appear as seen on the previous page, you should
select the Show button, and the screen will now appear as seen below.
In the upper window
you will see the profile
along your centreline.
In the smaller middle
window, you can see the
first cross section, and if
you wish, you can use
the Next and Previous
buttons to move
backwards and forwards
through the cross
sections.
Providing you screen is vaguely similar to the one shown above, select the
OK+Save button.
You will see the bar in the bottom right corner scan back and forward to
alert you to the fact that things are progressing, and once the points are
stored, you will be returned to the previous screen.
Since we have no further need of it at this time, select the Cancel button.
If you look closely at the
screen, you will see that
some new points have been
stored alongside the
centreline of the wall, and
we now wish to deal with
the profile and sections that
they represent.
Select the Road Menu, and
the screen will appear as
seen at right.
Maximise the Road window, as we are only interested in its options for the
next little while.
Tutorial 14
Page 5
Now, pull down the Road menu, select the Display and Plotting option, and
then choose Display Profile to see the screen below left
Again pull down the Road menu, select Display and Plotting, and this time
choose Display Section to see the screen below right.
At this stage you have the Plan view of the points on Road 1 in window 1,
the Profile in window 2 and the section in window 3.
The plan view is of no interest to us at the moment, so close it.
Now pull down the Window menu and select Tile to see the following
screen.
If you wish to see the
sections, you can use the
Next and Previous
buttons, or the scroll bar
to move through them.
The first thing we need
to do however is to enter
the Vertical Design of
where we would like the
dam wall to be.
We wish to construct a dam wall with a height of 181 and allow 1.5 metres
freeboard.
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Tutorial 14
Tutorial 14
Page 7
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Tutorial 14
Now that the Profile Grading or design is completed, select the Tile icon to
again tile the profile and section windows, and we will set about designing a
template to use to construct the wall.
Tutorial 14
Page 9
While it may or may not be good practice, a flat top is adequate, so use a
grade of 0. Again skip Tab# and press enter or tab to accept pen and line 1.
We now need to check whether this point is above or below the natural
surface, and have the program react accordingly.
Since it is a dam wall, this point will almost always be above the natural
surface, however we need to consider the case at the start and end of the
wall where we may need to excavate a small amount of material.
Pull down the options and choose a Cut condition. Enter values of 0 and 99
to signify any amount of cut, and use condition number 1.
As the program checks through the template, it will consider if the point is
in cut, and if it is it will go off looking to find where you have specified
Condition Number 1. If the point is not in cut, the program will look at the
next line in the template to see what to do.
Logically, if the point is not in cut, it is in fill, and if it is, we wish to batter
back to the natural surface with a slope of 1:3
Pull down the options list and select Fill batter at Grade.
Enter a distance of 100 and 1:3 for the grade - it will be converted to
33.333%, and again accept the default pen and line.
Now it is time to start on condition number 1, and you should be on line 5.
Pull down the options and select Start Condition. Enter a number of 1.
If condition 1 is
satisfied, it means
that the point 1.5
metres from the
centreline is actually
below the natural
surface, and if this is
the case what we
need to do is to
immediately batter
back to the surface.
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Tutorial 14
Pull down the options and select Cut Batter at Grade. Enter a distance of
100 and a grade of 1:2.
At this stage you should have the screen shown at the bottom of the previous
page
Once your template has finished, select the Save Option and it will be saved
away as template number 1.
Next you need to tell the program where to use the template.
Pull down the Road Menu, select Design Criteria, and choose Template
Positioning.
You will see a screen with two columns titled 1L and 1R. These stand for
Left and Right of Design Line 1. Type 1 in both columns on the first line.
Then, highlight the 1 in the left column with the mouse, and press the Right
Mouse button to copy template 1 to all other sections. Repeat the process in
the 1R column, and save.
Now when you return to
the screen there will be no
immediate change, but, if
you make the section
window active, and use
the right arrow, or the
Next button to move to
Chainage 40 your screen
should appear as at right
Having successfully
designed the dam wall, we
now need to know how
much material it will take to build it.
Tutorial 14
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Tutorial 14
Tutorial 14
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If you Zoom up around the Dam Wall you should see a set of contours like
those below.
If your contours match
those shown, all is
well, but if they do
not, you should
backtrack through this
tutorial to find out
what went wrong.
We now need to
construct a combined
surface and this
consists of identifying
those points which lie
on the original natural surface and are underneath the wall to be
constructed. These chaps need to be informed that they are to keep
themselves out of sight when we request a combined surface.
There are a number of ways of achieving this, and we will demonstrate a
general-purpose method.
(The more perceptive of you might have noticed that in the Road Design
Surface options the option titled Create Combined Surface was greyed out
meaning it has not yet been implemented. This gives you the opportunity to
learn another way of doing things which takes two steps instead of one, and
can be used for design surfaces not created by the roadworks)
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Tutorial 14
Armed with this knowledge, you can now pull down the Contour menu,
select Design Surfaces, and choose the option expansively titled Tag
Natural Points for Combined Surface
Use the pull down to select the folder edge2 and then select OK.
At this point you are ready to form up the Combined Surface.
Pull down Contour,
select Surface
Parameters and select
the Add button to add
Surface 3.
Mark it as a Combined
surface.
Now Form the Model
and calculate and Save
the Contours to
achieve contours as
seen at right.
Tutorial 14
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The following screen will soon appear, with the results presented in the now
familiar Wordpad, and if you scroll down to the end of the file you will see
the screen shown below.
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Tutorial 14
Except for
these Words,
this page
is meant
to be
blank
Contents
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Contents
Contents
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Contents
Volume Calculations
Tutorial 7 Volumes from Sections
Enter the levels of cross sections at the start or
construction
Enter levels taken after construction has been in
progress for one month
Inspect the sections and profiles at the end of the month
Calculate and produce a table of Volumes of Cut/Fill
Tutorial 8 Calculate Volume Between Different Models
Load Job & Model area before work
Load 2nd Job & Model after material moved
Calculate Volumes between two jobs
Tutorial 9 Stockpile Volumes
Use Volumes, To A Plane to calculate a stockpile
volume
Specify different surfaces within the one job
Calculate volumes between different surfaces
Contents
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Contents