SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore -35.

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Project Detail
Academic Year 2013-14
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AUTONOMOUS ROBOTIC BOAT FOR MARINE WATER

SAMPLING Sponsored By Institution of Engineers (IE)
ARAVINTH.T
DEEPAVASANTH.P.S
DINESHKUMAR.V
N.SARAN KUMAR
Dr.S. John Alexis
The aim of this present work is to develop an autonomous robotic boat
using Raspberry pi Linux based on board computer, which refers to any
vehicle that operates on the surface of the water without a crew, capable
of sampling water.
Some reason for the sampling are: long-term monitoring of the water
quality; to determine whether the water quality is generally good or bad
for the intended use; to identify specific areas of concern such as points of
suspected contamination; or to determine if a particular problem has been
corrected. The position and time at which the sampling is done will be
recorded and stored on data recorder for later data processing.
Scientists will be using AUVs to study lakes, oceans and the ocean floors.
A variety of sensors can be affixed to AUVs to measure the concentration
of various elements or compounds that contaminate or affect water quality
by the absorption or reflection of light and the presence of microscopic
life. Additionally AUVs can be configured as tow-vehicles to deliver
customized sensor packages to specific locations.

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FABRICATION AND ANALYSIS OF HYBRID BIOMATERIAL

PLATE
DINESHKUMAR.M
JAYAKUMAR.M
PREMKUMAR.K
VELPRASATH.P
Prof.B.Pranesh
Introduction of new Materials in Medicine addresses applications of
materials (synthetic and natural) and which are the properties used in
contact with biological systems. Clinical results in orthopaedics have
demonstrated that a great need exists, Hence finding new and better
biomaterials that will help and satisfy the minimum requirements for
orthopaedic devices to perform correctly on a long-term basis, is critically
required.
In the proposed project, combination of stainless steel and ceramic
plate used for replacing the bones. Now-a-days either stainless steel plate
or ceramic plate is used in orthopaedic surgery. Stainless steel is corroded
at 0.02g/day. But it is used with titanium alloy. So these plates are strong
and durable. In the case of ceramic plate, it will not corrode. But it is a
weaker material. It cannot take a high load when ceramic plate is inserted
in the human body.
As the result of the proposed project, corrosion rate of the
conventional stainless steel biomaterial plate is minimised by coating
calcium phosphate. Stainless steel corrodes at the rate of 7.3g/year, but
hybrid biomaterial plate corrodes at the rate of 0.146g/year. So the hybrid
biomaterial plate will make great revolution in biomedical implants.

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EFFECT OF MOISTURE ABSORPTION ON MECHANICAL

PROPERTIES OF COIR-SISAL HYBRID COMPOSITE
BHARATH.T
KUMARESAN.V
MAHENDRAN.A
PRASHANTH.P
Prof.G.Tharanitharan
Composite materials are being highly used in light weight
engineering applications. Composite materials are highly preferred
because of its various properties such as high strength to weight ratio,
corrosive resistance, less cost elegance in appearance, design flexibility
and so on. The aim of this study is to compare the mechanical properties
of coir-sisal hybrid random oriented polymer matrix composite in dry and
wet conditions with varying the fibre length and fibre volume fraction.
The Hand lay-up moulding technique was used to fabricate the composite
material and for testing the tensile, flexural and impact strength followed,
the ASTM standards are ASTM D638, ASTM D790 and ASTM D256
respectively. The fabricated material was immersed in water for 24 hours
to check the moisture absorption characteristics and its effects on the
mechanical properties of the material. The overall result shows that for
same proportions of material there is a change in mechanical properties
due to its moisture absorption by the material. As compared the wet
samples with dry samples of coir-sisal composites, for same length of the
fibre and different volume fraction the mechanical properties were
decreased gradually. Due to increasing the rate of fibre content of the
composite material, tensile and impact strength were increased and
flexural strength follows harmonic path. The rate of moisture absorption
is mainly depends upon the volume fraction of the fibres. Taguchi method
has used to find the optimum fibre parameters for maximum mechanical
properties. To obtain the maximum value for tensile, flexural and impact
strength, the fibre parameters are different for each properties. From the
combination of 20 mm fibre length and 40% volume fraction, the
optimum value obtained about the strength of tensile, flexural and impact
was 23.7 Mpa, 22.5 Mpa and 104.8 J/m. The conclusion revealed that the
volume fraction of fibre content plays a major in the strength of the fibres.

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OPTIMIZATION OF FORGING PROCESS OF PETROL ENGINE

CONNECTING ROD
ANBARASAN.C
DAYANAND.J
HARIVIMALESH.D
Prof K.Krishnakumar
Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using
localized compressive forces. Various components like connecting rod,
wheel spindle, kingpin, axle, shafts, ball studs, idler screws. Etc., are made
up of forging process. The forging process consists of various parameters
like design of die, design of flash, metal flow rate that are used to
determine the quality of forging process. Perform design in forging
processes are an important aspect for improving the forging quality.
Finite element method based DEFORM software in conjunction with
Taguchi method has been used to simulate and optimize the forging
process of the connecting rod and then performing a series of optimization
iterations in order to obtain the optimal result on forging load
minimization. The objective of the simulation and optimization process is
to minimize the forging load and produce defect-free forging of the
connecting rod. The approach used in this study could be extended to the
optimization of more complicated forging products. The material used for
the billet is steel (AISI- 1035) and the die set is AISI H-13. A total of 9
experiments were done on the basis of two parameters i.e. temperature and
the die speed ranging from 1050oC to 1200oC and 80mm/s to 200mm/s
respectively. The load range has decreased from 7.5 N to 4.5 N and the
strain rate varying from 1200(mm/mm)/s to 15000 (mm/mm)/s

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DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF FIXTURE FOR HOUSING OIL

PUMP UPPER PART done at Enkey Engineering Works
PRASHANT IYER.G
RAMESH.P
ROBIN.D
SHANMUGA KIRAN.T
Prof.C.Chinnasamy
The purpose of this project is to design and fabricate fixture for the
component housing oil pump upper part. The component is made up of
aluminum and is having two operations. The first operation can be done
by using CNC turning center and the second operation are done using
CNC tapping center. The production department in company does not
have any special fixture for the component and the machining operations
in the component are carried out by manual processes, which lead to
consume more process time, for machining each face in the component.
This will affect the total job setup time at every cycle of machining, and
the overall production rate of the component housing oil pump upper
part will be less and in turn it affects the productivity.
Presently the current methodologies used in the company for carrying out
two operations in the component have many drawbacks. The setting time
for carrying out two operations is 60 minutes, the overall process time
(running, clamping and cycle time) is 12 minutes for operation 1 and for
operation 2 the overall process time is 9.80 minutes. Using the current set
of process timings the company is approximately producing 12
components per hour. Therefore this process timing will lead to more idle
time of the machine and in turn will effect the production rate.

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DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF MODIFIED AIR COOLER

CUM STORAGE SYSTEM
AMARNATH.S
IMDAD AHMED.H
MAHESWARAN.K
NAVEEN KUMAR.S
Dr.P.Tamil Selvam
The modified air cooler cum storage system is a type of conventional air
cooler which is used for providing room cooling as well refrigeration
systems. The water supplied to the cooler is precooled by evaporative
cooling. The cooled water is then supplied to the air cooler. Air comes in
contact with the cooled water and it is cooled to a lower temperature. This
air is forced into the room by the help of a fan for cooling purpose. In
addition, the system also has a cold storage box for storing perishable
items. The system consists of a lower tank which is a mud pot whose outer
periphery is filled by sand slurry. The lower tank and the slurry are held
by a larger mud pot, i.e., a pot-in-pot system. The lower tank is filled with
water and it is connected to the upper tray through a pump. The water in
the upper tray is passed through a cooling pad which is used for absorbing
the water. A fan is fixed next to the cooling pad and is followed by a vent
system. The tray also has another port which is connected to the cold
storage box. The water circulates throughout the periphery of the box and
returns back to the lower tank.

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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER IN

AL2O3 NANOFLUIDS
ADARSH.P
ASHWINKUMAR.S
BALACHANDRAN T M
MOHAN.R
Prof.J.Yogaraja
Cooling is indispensable for maintaining the desired performance and
reliability over a very huge variety of product like car, computer, high
power laser system, electronic devices, etc.Whenever there is a increase in
the heat load and heat fluxes caused by more power and smaller size, for
these product cooling is one of the technical challenge faced by the
industries like as microelectronics, transportation, manufacturing. Water
has been used as the fluid to carry away the heat in these devices. The
development of nanofluids generally shows a better heat transfer
characteristics than the water. This project reports an experimental study
on the forced convective heat transfer and flow characteristics of a
nanofluid consisting of water and 1% volume concentrations of Al2O3
/water nanofluid flowing in a parallel flow, counter flow and shell and
tube heat exchanger under laminar flow conditions . The Al2O3
nanoparticles of about 50 nm diameter are used in the project work. The
results show that the overall heat transfer coefficient and convective heat
transfer coefficient of nanofluid is slightly higher than that of the base
liquid at same mass flow rate and at same inlet temperature.

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INVESTIGATIONS ON THE SELECTION OF SUITABLE NANO

PARTICULATE LUBRICANT
RAM KUMAR.V.M
S.DHARSAN
M.PRASATH
S.SELVARAJ
Prof.K.Thirumalai Kannan
Friction and wear, as one of the main causes of materials failure, has
attracted more and more attentions all over the world . In recent years,
numerous studies have reported that the addition of nanoparticles, such as
metal , metal oxide , metal sulfides , carbonate , borate , carbon materials ,
organic material and rare-earth compound , to lubricants is effective in
reducing friction and wear. The friction-reduction and anti-wear behaviors
are dependent on the characteristics of nanoparticles, such as size, shape
and physicochemical nature . The mechanisms for the reduction in friction
and wear of nanoparticles are mainly associated with the following
aspects: (a) the colloidal effect, i.e. the nanoparticles penetrate the elastohydrodynamic contacts by mechanical entrapment to form a boundary
lubricating film ; (b) the spherical nanoparticles act as nano-bearings
between the rubbed surfaces to reduce the friction and wear by surface
polishing and the increase in surface hardness effects ; (c) the
nanoparticles serve as spacers to eliminate the metal-to-metal contact
between the asperities of the two mating surfaces ; and (d) various
boundary films with excellent mechanical and lubricating properties are
generated on the rubbed surfaces .

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STUDY AND INVESTIGATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

ON FRICTION STIR PROCESSED AA6061 ALUMINIUM ALLOY
SHEET METAL REINFORCED WITH AL2O3 SURFACE
COMPOSITE
ARUN KUMAR S
FAYAS BABU.K
RAVI KUMAR.R
S.P.NAGARAJAN
Prof.T.Prakash
Friction stir welding (FSW) has become a technology of widespread
interest because of its numerous advantages, most important of which is
its ability to weld un-weld able alloys. Compared with many of the fusion
welding processes that are routinely used for joining structural alloys,
FSW is an emerging solid state joining process in which the material that
is being welded does not melt and recast. Defect free welds with good
mechanical properties have been made in a variety of aluminium alloys,
even those previously thought to be not weld able. FSW will not
encounter problems like porosity, alloy segregation and hot cracking, and
welds are produced with good surface finish and thus no post weld
cleaning is required. There have been a lot of efforts to understand the
effect of process parameters on material flow behavior, microstructure
formation and hence mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints.
The effect of some important parameters such as rotational speed, traverse
speed and axial force on weld properties is major topics for researchers. In
order to study the effect of FSP process parameters, most workers follow
the traditional experimental techniques.

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DESIGN
AND
FABRICATION
OF
SMALL
WATER
DISTILLATION UNIT USING SOLAR ENERGY
KARTHICK.T
NIRMAL KUMAR.M
PRAVEEN.N
M.MUTHURAMKUMAR
Prof.C.Senthil Kumar
The purpose of this project is to design a water distillation system that
can purify water from nearly any source, a system that is relatively cheap,
drinkable and depends only on renewable solar energy. The motivation for
this project is the limited availability of clean water resources, In addition
to that pure water is essential for human life but is not available in most of
the place in the world. The solar distillation system which exist already in
the market is more costlier. The main objective of the project is to
efficiently produce clean drinkable water from solar energy conversion.
Distillation is one of many processes that can be used for water
purification. When Solar energy is used for this purpose, it is known as
Solar water Distillation. Solar Distillation is an attractive process to
produce portable water using free of cost solar energy.
This solar distillation system is operated using vacuum which will
decrease the boiling temperature. To increase the heat absorption, blower
and black coating is provided. Keeping this in mind, it is proposed to
design a model which purifies the contaminated water into drinkable
water.

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DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF COMPOSITE MONO LEAF

SPRING
GANESH KUMAR.B
MANOJKUMAR.S
A.SARAVANAKUMAR
P.THIRUPATHI
Prof.M.Suresh kumar
The Automobile industry has shown keen interest for replacement of steel
leaf spring with that of glass fiber composite leaf spring, since the
composite material has high strength to weight ratio, good corrosion
resistance and tailor-able properties. In the proposed project the material
selected is a glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) and Kevlar fibres
reinforced plastic which will be more economical and will reduce total
cost of composite leaf spring. A leaf spring with a constant width and
thickness is fabricated by hand lay-up technique which is very simple and
economical.
The fatigue analysis of a mono fiber has been carried out. Primary
objective is to compare the load carrying capacity, stiffness and weight
saving of a composite leaf spring with that of a steel leaf spring.
Experiments are conducted under various conditions like deflection, strain
energy, stresses and the results of various parameters studied are
presented. The result shows that the composite leaf spring has 63.7%
lesser stress 64.35% higher stiffness and weight reduction 68.17% is also
achieved by using composite leaf spring.

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DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF BALANCING WHEEL FOR

TWO WHEELER
ASHOK KUMAR.E
MUKESH.R
RAJESH.T
MANIKANDAN.M
Prof.T.Venkatajalapathi
The aim of our project is to balance the two wheel vehicle by using selfbalancing wheel. Self-balancing vehicle with at least two wheels resting
on the ground, at least two of which wheels are arranged on either side of
the center of gravity with respect to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle,
and at least one of which wheels is directionally controllable. At least one
section of the vehicle is tilt able about the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
and for measuring the magnitude and/or the direction of the load, for the
purpose of producing and/or maintaining a change in direction of the
directionally controllable wheel during travel. The main balancing of two
wheeler is required only at low speed of vehicle when it is moving in
traffic or when a person is travelling with his family in traffic area. So it
becomes very tedious to ride at slow speed with balancing. As analyzed
from the fabrication, it operate correctly when no person is sitting on it
and with pressure on the chain when one person say about 250 kg of total
weight of vehicle including the person who is sitting on it is acted. When
two people sitting on it and when vehicle tilted about some angle say
about 15 then, the side shaft in balancing wheel design provide support
from bending and balancing.

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OPTIMIZATION OF TIG WELDING PARAMETERS ON AISI 304

STAINLESS STEEL
ARUN KRISHNA.K
JOSE ASHOK.J
MANIRAJA.C
SARATH KUMAR.R
Prof.R.Dharmalingam
Austenitic stainless steel grade AISI 304is used for a wide variety of home
and commercial applications. This is one of the most familiar and most
frequently used alloys in the stainless steel family, such as tanks and
containers for a large variety of liquids and solids, food industry,
pipelines, etc. These steels are used mainly because of its forming and
welding properties, deep drawing quality, excellent toughness, ease of
cleaning and fabrication, beauty of appearance. Tungsten Inert Gas
welding (TIG) is high quality and high precision welding process which
are suitable for welding metals. It is also an important component in many
industrial operations. Inert gas as helium and argon are used as a shielding
gas to prevent the weld bead from air, dust and other contaminations in
welding. There are so many welding process parameters that affect the
weld quality in TIG. Important process parameter which mainly affect the
weld quality are welding current, arc voltage, welding speed, gas flow
rate, heat input, gun angle, stand of distance and specimen thickness. This
paper presents the influence of welding parameters like welding current,
welding speed and gas flow on strength of carbon steel on AISI 304
material during welding. A plan of experiments based on Taguchi
technique has been used to acquire the data.

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INVESTIGATION OF TIG WELDING PARAMETERS ON AISI

1040 MILD STEEL
PRITHIV RAJ.M
RAGHAV AVINASH.R
SIVA PRASAD.S
VASUDEV.N
Prof.S.Gunasekaran
Carbon steel like AISI 1040 finds many structural applications such as
frames and also used for shafts, stressed pins, studs, keys, cold headed
bolts and other applications. These steels are used mainly because of its
ductility, it is easily available and also because of its low cost. For these
structural applications the steels cannot be used as a single component,
hence it should be cut and welded for the usage according to the
requirements.
Tungsten Inert Gas welding (TIG) is high quality and high precision
welding process which are suitable for welding metals. It is also an
important component in many industrial operations. Inert gas as helium
and argon are used as a shielding gas to prevent the weld bead from air,
dust and other contaminations in welding. There are so many welding
process parameters that affect the weld quality in TIG. Important process
parameter which mainly affect the weld quality are welding current,
welding speed, gas flow rate.
This paper presents the influence of welding parameters on strength of
carbon steel on AISI 1040 material during welding. A plan of experiments
based on Taguchi technique has been used to acquire the data. An
orthogonal array, signal to noise (S/N) ratio and analysis of variance
(ANOVA) are employed to investigate the welding characteristics and
optimize the welding parameters.

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DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF TWO AXIS SUN TRACKING

SYSTEM USING LDR
HARISH.M
SARAVANAN.M
SURIYA PRAKASH.C
P.PONMANASELVAN
Prof.B. Senthil Kumar
This project has presented an implementation of a Sun tracker a dual-axis
DC gear motor to follow the Sun and used a stand-alone PV inverter to
power the entire system. The proposed two motor design was simple and
selfcontained. A project has been successfully built and tested to verify
the effectiveness of the control implementation. Experiment results
indicated that the developed system increased the energy gain up to
26.10% when compare to fixed system. The proposed methodology is an
innovation so far. It achieves the following attractive features: (1) a simple
and cost-effective control implementation, (2) a stand-alone PV inverter to
power the entire system, (3) ability to move the two axes simultaneously
within their respective ranges, (4) ability to adjust the tracking accuracy,
and (5) applicable to moving platforms with the Sun tracker.

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OPTIMIZATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND FLANK

WEAR IN TURNING AISI 4140 ALLOY STEEL USING TAGUCHI
METHOD
KISHORE KUMAR.M
KOWSHIK KUMAR.A.L
SRINIVAS S
VINODH.T
Dr.R.Thirumalai
The purpose of this proposed project work is focused on the analysis of
optimum cutting conditions to get minimum surface roughness and
minimal flank wear in turning AISI 4140 alloy steel by Taguchi method.
AISI 4140 alloy steel has high fatigue strength, abrasion and impact
resistance, toughness, and torsional strength and has various applications.
By referring various journal papers AISI 4140 alloy steel is selected. L9
orthogonal array is designed to conduct the experiments. Experiments are
conducted on super cut 5XL Lathe using coated carbide tool. The process
parameters identified are cutting speed, feed and depth of cut. Surface
Roughness and Flank wear are selected as the responses. Surface
Roughness is measured using Mitutoyo Surface roughness tester and
Flank wear is predicted using SEM images after the experiments. The
results are analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) method. The
regression equations for the responses are determined and the probability
plots are plotted and found satisfactory. The R-squared values are also
calculated using analysis of variances and it is found that these values are
close to the proximity level and satisfactory, as the R-squared value comes
around 90%. Taguchi method is used to analyze the dominating
parameters in minimization of surface roughness and minimization of
flank wear.

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RAILWAY ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM Sponsored By TNSCST

ADITHYAN.G
DIVAKARAN.C
MADHANKUMAR.P
RAM ANANDH V P
Dr.M.Thiagarajan
Indian railways have become a major transport system used by most of the
people. The system though comprises of many technologies to serve
people there are some lagging of features, this project addresses some of
those grievances. The railway enhance program includes a technique to
provide a supplementary seat with lifting mechanism which can replace a
conventional ladder system used in the passenger compartment that does
not solve its purpose for people who are physically challenged and old
aged people. The system uses a simple assembly of lead screw, motor and
bevel gear for lifting the seat that is attached with the lead screw.
This supplementary seat will lift the passengers to middle, upper and side
upper berths using the lead screw. The lead screw will be powered using a
D.C. motor. This supplementary seat will be more compact and will not
occupy too much space in the present railway system. The supplementary
seat can be easily installed in the train without any modifications in the
present design.

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STUDY
OF
POWER
GENERATION
USING
ELECTROMAGNETIC REGENERATIVE SHOCK ABSORBER
BALAJI.T.N.V
DINESH KUMAR.S
XAVIER ANTONY
R.K.RAJKUMAR
Dr.L.Savadamuthu
The world is moving to an era which needs more of fuel conservation.
There is a need for a tremendous upgradation in the field of automobile as
it is completely based on some kind of fuel. Our technology uses the help
of regenerative shock absorber .and the concept is completely relayed on
faradays law of electromagnetic induction. The parameter for this shock
absorber is made similar to that of ordinary one. The coils in ordinary
shock absorber are replaced with the magnets. The magnets are placed one
above the other, such that the like poles are paired. This type of
arrangement not only generates power but also act as a magnetic
levitation. The magnets are placed in the female component of the shock
absorber and male component of the shock absorber consist of the copper
coils which cuts the magnetic flux to give the electromagnetic force. The
electromotive force so produced is a bi directional current (Alternating
Current), hence it is converted into DC (Direct Current) by using a
rectifier. This is again stored in a battery, this can be utilised for secondary
purposes of the vehicle. The vehicles vibrational energy is converted into
voltage which can be stored in a battery and used for secondary purpose.
This further increases the fuel efficiency and cut down on pollution.

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DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF SOLAR CHIMNEY POWER

PLANT
RG.SIDDHAARTHAN
Prof.C.Senthil Kumar
The Solar Chimney Power technology is a relatively new technology for
generating electricity from solar energy on a large scale. This technology
is now drawing attentions of many researchers and energy pioneers from
all over the world as a technology for the future which when built on large
scales in areas enriched with solar radiation could supply our energy needs
effectively at a cost lower than all the other existing solar power
technologies can provide. With the cost of conventional fuels
skyrocketing, the Solar Chimney Power Plants (SCPP) could supply
electricity at a lower unit cost than even the conventional power plants
that are dependent on fossil fuels in the near future.
The major portions of the regions possessing high potential for Solar
Chimney Power Plants like Africa & Asia include tropical countries like
India where the sky is frequently overcast. Despite the fact that these
plants can utilize both beam and diffused radiations from the sun, there
will be a significant drop in power output of these plants during overcast
conditions owing to significant reductions in solar radiation during such
sudden overcast conditions occurring frequently during the day. The
experimental study is centered on improving the performance of these
plants under such overcast conditions or in other words limiting the drop
in power output of these plants so that the output profile is more uniform.
To achieve this desired improvement in the output profile of these plants,
it was decided to use pebbles along with water for energy storage, as
water has been recommended in the literature for energy storage in these
plants. In order to test the effectiveness of the proposed multiple materials
energy storage configuration, an experimental scaled model of SCPP
consisting of a chimney 2 m in height and a collector 1.504 m in diameter
is proposed to be fabricated and installed .