Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF TURBOMACHINES
1.1. DEFINITION OF TURBOMACHINES
Fluid handling devices that direct the flow with blades or vanes attached to a
rotating member are termed turbomachines. FOX
All those devices in which energy is transferred either to, or from, a continuously
flowing fluid by the dynamic action of one or more moving blade rows. Dixon
Relevant Unit
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1-1
Fluid Machineries
Positive Displacement:
Dynamic (Turbomachines)
Radial-Flow (Centrifugal)
Axial-Flow
Mixed-Flow
Positive-Displacement Pumps
Pumps
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1-2
Fluid Machineries
Uncased
Turbines
Cased
Impulse
Rotodynamic
Machines
Hydraulic Coupling
Torque converter
axial
Propellers and
Screws
Mixed flow
Reciprocating
Direct Driven
Crank driven
Axial Flow
(Kaplan)
Centrifugal
Pelton Wheel
Hydraulic ram
Jack press
Rotary
Piston
Screw
Gear
Lobe
Miscellaneous
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
Radial flow
(banki or early Francis
Motor
Vane
Swashplate
Mixed Flow
(Francis)
windmills
Positive
Displacement
Machines
Reaction
1-3
Vane
Gear
Fluid Machineries
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1-4
Fluid Machineries
Vaned Diffuser
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1-5
Fluid Machineries
Volute/Scroll
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1-6
Fluid Machineries
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1-7
Fluid Machineries
Mechanical Power:
Theoretical Head:
EULER EQUATION
Torque T = m (C 2r2 C 1r1)
Power P = T
= m (U2C 2 U1C 1)
Prewhirl or Prerotation
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1-8
Fluid Machineries
Slip Factor
Velocity Diagrams
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1-9
Fluid Machineries
2g
2g
2g
Kinetic Energy or
Dynamic Head
Centrifugal Energy
2g
2g
2g
2
1
U 22 Vr22 Vr21 / 2 g
H
Head Equation:
Shutoff Head:
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1 - 10
Fluid Machineries
Hydraulic Power:
Pump Efficiency:
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1 - 11
Fluid Machineries
Hydraulic Power:
Turbine Efficiency:
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1 - 12
Fluid Machineries
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1 - 13
Fluid Machineries
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1 - 14
Fluid Machineries
Example
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1 - 15
Fluid Machineries
Problems :
1).
2).
3).
4).
5).
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1 - 16
Fluid Machineries
References
1. Turbomachines (2nd Ed). E. Shirani
2. Principles of Turbomachinery (2nd Ed). R.K. Turton
3. Turbomachinery, Basic Theory and Applications (2nd Ed). E. Logan
4. Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery (3rd Ed). S.L. Dixon
5. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics (5th Ed). R.B. Fox & A.T. McDonald
6. Any Turbomachinery books.
Chap I:
Introduction and Calssification of Turbo Machines
1 - 17